/l3/users/17-12-2012/NT-Lnet/debian1.net.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 |
|
#dig -x 8.8.8.8
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> -x 8.8.8.8 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 44993 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;8.8.8.8.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 8.8.8.8.in-addr.arpa. 11149 IN PTR google-public-dns-a.google.com. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: in-addr.arpa. 126191 IN NS c.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126191 IN NS f.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126191 IN NS d.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126191 IN NS e.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126191 IN NS a.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126191 IN NS b.in-addr-servers.arpa. ;; Query time: 45 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 13:58:12 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 194 |
#dig -x 77.52.180.102
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> -x 77.52.180.102 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 50344 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;102.180.52.77.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 102.180.52.77.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN PTR ps.avk.ua. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: in-addr.arpa. 126168 IN NS e.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126168 IN NS c.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126168 IN NS a.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126168 IN NS f.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126168 IN NS b.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126168 IN NS d.in-addr-servers.arpa. ;; Query time: 182 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 13:58:35 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 179 |
#dig -x 89.162.183.26
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> -x 89.162.183.26 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 10817 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;26.183.162.89.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 26.183.162.89.in-addr.arpa. 43200 IN PTR ll-26.183.162.89.dn.sovam.net.ua. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: in-addr.arpa. 126121 IN NS f.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126121 IN NS b.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126121 IN NS d.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126121 IN NS e.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126121 IN NS c.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126121 IN NS a.in-addr-servers.arpa. ;; Query time: 85 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 13:59:21 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 202 |
#dig -x 89.162.183.27
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> -x 89.162.183.27 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 18976 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;27.183.162.89.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 27.183.162.89.in-addr.arpa. 43200 IN PTR avk.svitonline.com. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: in-addr.arpa. 126118 IN NS e.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126118 IN NS d.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126118 IN NS c.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126118 IN NS f.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126118 IN NS a.in-addr-servers.arpa. in-addr.arpa. 126118 IN NS b.in-addr-servers.arpa. ;; Query time: 56 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 13:59:25 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 188 |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
|
#~
l3script: bind: --: неправильная опция bind: usage: bind [-lpvsPVS] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command] |
#bind -v
set bind-tty-special-chars on set blink-matching-paren on set byte-oriented off set completion-ignore-case off set convert-meta off set disable-completion off set echo-control-characters on set enable-keypad off set enable-meta-key on set expand-tilde off ... set show-all-if-unmodified off set skip-completed-text off set visible-stats off set bell-style audible set comment-begin # set completion-prefix-display-length 0 set completion-query-items 100 set editing-mode emacs set history-size 500 set keymap emacs |
#bind -V
bind-tty-special-chars is set to `on' blink-matching-paren is set to `on' byte-oriented is set to `off' completion-ignore-case is set to `off' convert-meta is set to `off' disable-completion is set to `off' echo-control-characters is set to `on' enable-keypad is set to `off' enable-meta-key is set to `on' expand-tilde is set to `off' ... show-all-if-unmodified is set to `off' skip-completed-text is set to `off' visible-stats is set to `off' bell-style is set to `audible' comment-begin is set to `#' completion-prefix-display-length is set to `0' completion-query-items is set to `100' editing-mode is set to `emacs' history-size is set to `500' keymap is set to `emacs' |
#bind --help
l3script: bind: --: неправильная опция bind: usage: bind [-lpvsPVS] [-m keymap] [-f filename] [-q name] [-u name] [-r keyseq] [-x keyseq:shell-command] [keyseq:readline-function or readline-command] |
#bind
bind.keys db.evgeniy named.conf.local db.0 db.local named.conf.options db.127 db.root rndc.key db.255 named.conf zones.rfc1918 db.empty named.conf.default-zones |
#cd /
|
#bin
bin/ bind |
#bin
bin/ bind |
#bind
bin/ etc/ lib/ mnt/ root/ srv/ usr/ boot/ home/ lost+found/ opt/ sbin/ sys/ var/ dev/ initrd.img media/ proc/ selinux/ tmp/ vmlinuz |
#man bind
|
#tcpdump port 53
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 14:18:41.063491 IP debian1.net.nt.48011 > net.nt.domain: 52473+ PTR? 102.15.168.192.in-addr.arpa. (45) 14:18:41.063791 IP net.nt.domain > debian1.net.nt.48011: 52473 NXDomain* 0/1/0 (92) 14:18:41.064228 IP debian1.net.nt.37990 > net.nt.domain: 22823+ PTR? 253.13.168.192.in-addr.arpa. (45) 14:18:41.064487 IP net.nt.domain > debian1.net.nt.37990: 22823* 2/1/2 PTR net.nt., PTR fobos.net.nt. (131) 14:18:55.873773 IP debian1.net.nt.34680 > net.nt.domain: 52755+ A? linux.dobro.nt. (32) 14:18:56.095564 IP net.nt.domain > debian1.net.nt.34680: 52755 NXDomain 0/1/0 (107) 14:18:56.095884 IP debian1.net.nt.58874 > net.nt.domain: 64583+ A? linux. (23) 14:18:58.799880 IP net.nt.domain > debian1.net.nt.58874: 64583 NXDomain 0/1/0 (98) ^C 8 packets captured 8 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel |
#dig dobro.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> dobro.nt ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 26989 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;dobro.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 900 IN SOA a.root-servers.net. nstld.verisign-grs.com. 2012122000 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 8 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:22:44 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 101 |
#ping 192.168.15.254
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.15.254 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 999ms |
#route
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default net.nt 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 172.16.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth2 172.30.11.0 172.16.0.5 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth2 192.68.22.0 172.16.0.5 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.13.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.168.0 172.16.0.5 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth2 |
#ping 192.168.15.1
PING 192.168.15.1 (192.168.15.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=63 time=1.23 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.1: icmp_req=2 ttl=63 time=0.842 ms ^C --- 192.168.15.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.842/1.039/1.236/0.197 ms |
#ping 192.168.15.254
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.15.254 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1999ms |
#dig ns.dobro.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> ns.dobro.nt ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 3814 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;ns.dobro.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 900 IN SOA a.root-servers.net. nstld.verisign-grs.com. 2012122000 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 18 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:25:05 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 104 |
#dig ns.dobro.nt cname
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> ns.dobro.nt cname ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 53641 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;ns.dobro.nt. IN CNAME ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 894 IN SOA a.root-servers.net. nstld.verisign-grs.com. 2012122000 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 4 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:25:11 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 104 |
#dig fobos.net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> fobos.net.nt ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 62309 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;fobos.net.nt. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: fobos.net.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.13.253 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN NS net.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.13.253 net.nt. 3600 IN A 10.0.17.1 ;; Query time: 7 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:25:26 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 92 |
#dig fbsd1.fobos.net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> fbsd1.fobos.net.nt ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 37293 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;fbsd1.fobos.net.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN SOA net.nt. root.net.nt. 5 604800 86400 2419200 3600 ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:25:46 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 77 |
#dig fobos.net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> fobos.net.nt ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 55389 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;fobos.net.nt. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: fobos.net.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.13.253 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN NS net.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN A 10.0.17.1 net.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.13.253 ;; Query time: 6 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:26:24 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 92 |
#dig fobos.net.nt cname
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> fobos.net.nt cname ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 49029 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;fobos.net.nt. IN CNAME ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN SOA net.nt. root.net.nt. 5 604800 86400 2419200 3600 ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:26:29 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 71 |
#dig fobos.net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> fobos.net.nt ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 56795 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;fobos.net.nt. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: fobos.net.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.13.253 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN NS net.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN A 10.0.17.1 net.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.13.253 ;; Query time: 7 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:26:41 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 92 |
#dig fobos.net.nt mx
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> fobos.net.nt mx ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 1670 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;fobos.net.nt. IN MX ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN SOA net.nt. root.net.nt. 5 604800 86400 2419200 3600 ;; Query time: 4 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:26:58 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 71 |
#dig net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> net.nt ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 32533 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;net.nt. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN A 10.0.17.1 net.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.13.253 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN NS net.nt. ;; Query time: 4 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:27:04 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 70 |
#dig net.nt mx
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> net.nt mx ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 53305 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;net.nt. IN MX ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN SOA net.nt. root.net.nt. 5 604800 86400 2419200 3600 ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:27:07 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 65 |
#dig 253.13.168.192.in-addr.arpa
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> 253.13.168.192.in-addr.arpa ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 16898 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;253.13.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: 168.192.in-addr.arpa. 604800 IN SOA net.nt. root.net.nt. 1 604800 86400 2419200 604800 ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:30:34 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 92 |
#dig 253.13.168.192.in-addr.arpa ptr
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> 253.13.168.192.in-addr.arpa ptr ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 1098 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;253.13.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 253.13.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 604800 IN PTR fobos.net.nt. 253.13.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 604800 IN PTR net.nt. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: 168.192.in-addr.arpa. 604800 IN NS net.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.13.253 net.nt. 3600 IN A 10.0.17.1 ;; Query time: 7 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:30:47 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 131 |
#dig -x 192.168.13.253
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> -x 192.168.13.253 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 10498 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;253.13.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 253.13.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 604800 IN PTR net.nt. 253.13.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 604800 IN PTR fobos.net.nt. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: 168.192.in-addr.arpa. 604800 IN NS net.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: net.nt. 3600 IN A 10.0.17.1 net.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.13.253 ;; Query time: 7 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:31:09 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 131 |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1346.14949.18491 2012-12-20 14:31:45.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/resolv.conf 2012-12-20 14:31:56.000000000 +0200 @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -domain net.nt +domain fobos.net.nt search net.nt search domain1.net search domain2.net |
#ping fobos.net.nt
PING fobos.net.nt (192.168.13.253) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from fobos.net.nt (192.168.13.253): icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.213 ms 64 bytes from net.nt (192.168.13.253): icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.103 ms ^C --- fobos.net.nt ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.103/0.158/0.213/0.055 ms |
#dig fobos.net.nt axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> fobos.net.nt axfr ;; global options: +cmd ; Transfer failed. |
#dig avk.ua
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> avk.ua ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 3770 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 13, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;avk.ua. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: avk.ua. 1000 IN A 62.149.2.16 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: ... . 72003 IN NS m.root-servers.net. . 72003 IN NS b.root-servers.net. . 72003 IN NS f.root-servers.net. . 72003 IN NS g.root-servers.net. . 72003 IN NS c.root-servers.net. . 72003 IN NS j.root-servers.net. ;; Query time: 72 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:32:32 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 251 |
#dig avk.ua axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> avk.ua axfr ;; global options: +cmd ; Transfer failed. |
#dig avk.donetsk.ua
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> avk.donetsk.ua ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 48037 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;avk.donetsk.ua. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: donetsk.ua. 900 IN SOA ns.eunic.net.ua. hostmaster.dn.ua. 2008046904 10800 7200 2592000 43200 ;; Query time: 19 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:32:47 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 95 |
#dig kiev.avk.ua
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> kiev.avk.ua ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 25626 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 13, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;kiev.avk.ua. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: kiev.avk.ua. 1000 IN A 195.230.144.230 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: ... . 71964 IN NS e.root-servers.net. . 71964 IN NS l.root-servers.net. . 71964 IN NS i.root-servers.net. . 71964 IN NS f.root-servers.net. . 71964 IN NS d.root-servers.net. . 71964 IN NS m.root-servers.net. ;; Query time: 42 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:33:12 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 256 |
#dig kiev.avk.ua axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> kiev.avk.ua axfr ;; global options: +cmd ; Transfer failed. |
#cd /etc/bind
|
#vim named.conf
|
#~
named.conf.local: allow-transfer { 192.168.13.2; } |
#vim named.conf.local
|
#~
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> @fobos.net.nt ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 18278 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 13, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: . 71816 IN NS c.root-servers.net. ... . 71816 IN NS f.root-servers.net. . 71816 IN NS i.root-servers.net. . 71816 IN NS m.root-servers.net. . 71816 IN NS l.root-servers.net. . 71816 IN NS a.root-servers.net. . 71816 IN NS j.root-servers.net. ;; Query time: 12 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:35:39 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 228 |
#dig @fobos.net.nt chaos version.bind
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> @fobos.net.nt chaos version.bind ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 50920 ;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; WARNING: recursion requested but not available ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. CH A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: version.bind. 86400 CH SOA version.bind. hostmaster.version.bind. 0 28800 7200 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 72 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:35:59 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 77 |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1346.2285.12759 2012-12-20 14:36:34.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/resolv.conf 2012-12-20 14:37:25.000000000 +0200 @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ -domain fobos.net.nt +#domain fobos.net.nt search net.nt -search domain1.net -search domain2.net -search dobro.nt +#search domain1.net +#search domain2.net +#search dobro.nt nameserver 192.168.13.253 -nameserver 192.168.13.3 -nameserver 127.0.0.1 -options timeout 2 -options ndots:2 +#nameserver 192.168.13.3 +#nameserver 127.0.0.1 +#options timeout 2 +#options ndots:2 |
#dig fobos.net.nt axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> fobos.net.nt axfr ;; global options: +cmd ; Transfer failed. |
#dig net.nt axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> net.nt axfr ;; global options: +cmd ; Transfer failed. |
#dig @fobos.net.nt chaos version.bind
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> @fobos.net.nt chaos version.bind ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 37689 ;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; WARNING: recursion requested but not available ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. CH A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: version.bind. 86400 CH SOA version.bind. hostmaster.version.bind. 0 28800 7200 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 4 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.13.253#53(192.168.13.253) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:39:17 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 77 |
#dig @avk.ua chaos version.bind
|
#dig @kiev.avk.ua chaos version.bind
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> @kiev.avk.ua chaos version.bind ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: REFUSED, id: 27753 ;; flags: qr rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; WARNING: recursion requested but not available ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. CH A ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 195.230.144.230#53(195.230.144.230) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:41:05 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 30 |
#pwd
/etc/bind |
#vim named.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1346.14117.32555 2012-12-20 14:42:15.000000000 +0200 +++ named.conf 2012-12-20 14:42:55.000000000 +0200 @@ -9,3 +9,5 @@ include "/etc/bind/named.conf.options"; include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local"; include "/etc/bind/named.conf.default-zones"; +forwarders { 192.168.13.253; } +forward only; |
#vim named.conf
|
#~
usage: named [-4|-6] [-c conffile] [-d debuglevel] [-E engine] [-f|-g] [-n number_of_cpus] [-p port] [-s] [-t chrootdir] [-u username] [-m {usage|trace|record|size|mctx}] named: extra command line arguments |
#/etc/init.d/b
bind9 bootlogd bootlogs bootmisc.sh |
#/etc/init.d/bind9
Usage: /etc/init.d/bind9 {start|stop|reload|restart|force-reload|status}. |
#/etc/init.d/bind9 status
could not access PID file for bind9 ... failed! |
#/etc/init.d/bind9 start
Starting domain name service...: bind9 failed! |
#tail /var/log/messages
Dec 20 11:24:20 debian1 kernel: [ 5.554397] parport0: PC-style at 0x378, irq 7 [PCSPP,TRISTATE] Dec 20 11:24:20 debian1 kernel: [ 6.186016] input: ImExPS/2 Generic Explorer Mouse as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input4 Dec 20 11:24:20 debian1 kernel: [ 9.450367] Adding 688124k swap on /dev/xvda5. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:688124k SS Dec 20 11:24:20 debian1 kernel: [ 9.941766] EXT3-fs (xvda1): using internal journal Dec 20 11:24:20 debian1 kernel: [ 10.146705] loop: module loaded Dec 20 11:24:25 debian1 kernel: [ 19.412511] sshd (1258): /proc/1258/oom_adj is deprecated, please use /proc/1258/oom_score_adj instead. Dec 20 14:18:32 debian1 kernel: [10466.936529] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode Dec 20 14:19:43 debian1 kernel: [10537.796588] device eth0 left promiscuous mode Dec 20 14:20:26 debian1 kernel: [10581.117526] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode Dec 20 14:20:31 debian1 kernel: [10586.086554] device eth0 left promiscuous mode |
#tail /var/log/daemon.log
Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: starting BIND 9.7.3 -u bind Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: built with '--prefix=/usr' '--mandir=/usr/share/man' '--infodir=/usr/share/info' '--sysconfdir=/etc/bind' '--localstatedir=/var' '--enable-threads' '--enable-largefile' '--with-libtool' '--enable-shared' '--enable-static' '--with-openssl=/usr' '--with-gssapi=/usr' '--with-gnu-ld' '--with-dlz-postgres=no' '--with-dlz-mysql=no' '--with-dlz-bdb=yes' '--with-dlz-fi Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: adjusted limit on open files from 1024 to 1048576 Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: found 1 CPU, using 1 worker thread Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: using up to 4096 sockets Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: loading configuration from '/etc/bind/named.conf' Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: /etc/bind/named.conf:11: missing ';' before 'include' Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: /etc/bind/named.conf:12: unknown option 'forwarders' Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: loading configuration: failure Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: exiting (due to fatal error) |
#vim named.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1346.24534.4383 2012-12-20 14:44:51.000000000 +0200 +++ named.conf 2012-12-20 14:45:02.000000000 +0200 @@ -9,5 +9,3 @@ include "/etc/bind/named.conf.options"; include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local"; include "/etc/bind/named.conf.default-zones"; -forwarders { 192.168.13.253; } -forward only; |
#ls -hl
итого 56K -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2,5K Окт 20 21:15 bind.keys -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 237 Окт 20 21:15 db.0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 271 Окт 20 21:15 db.127 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 237 Окт 20 21:15 db.255 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 353 Окт 20 21:15 db.empty -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 309 Дек 20 12:09 db.evgeniy -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 270 Окт 20 21:15 db.local -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3,0K Окт 20 21:15 db.root -rw-r--r-- 1 root bind 463 Дек 20 14:45 named.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root bind 490 Окт 20 21:15 named.conf.default-zones -rw-r--r-- 1 root bind 275 Дек 20 12:17 named.conf.local -rw-r--r-- 1 root bind 593 Дек 20 11:34 named.conf.options -rw-r----- 1 bind bind 77 Дек 20 11:28 rndc.key -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1,3K Окт 20 21:15 zones.rfc1918 |
#tail /var/log/daemon.log
Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: starting BIND 9.7.3 -u bind Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: built with '--prefix=/usr' '--mandir=/usr/share/man' '--infodir=/usr/share/info' '--sysconfdir=/etc/bind' '--localstatedir=/var' '--enable-threads' '--enable-largefile' '--with-libtool' '--enable-shared' '--enable-static' '--with-openssl=/usr' '--with-gssapi=/usr' '--with-gnu-ld' '--with-dlz-postgres=no' '--with-dlz-mysql=no' '--with-dlz-bdb=yes' '--with-dlz-fi Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: adjusted limit on open files from 1024 to 1048576 Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: found 1 CPU, using 1 worker thread Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: using up to 4096 sockets Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: loading configuration from '/etc/bind/named.conf' Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: /etc/bind/named.conf:11: missing ';' before 'include' Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: /etc/bind/named.conf:12: unknown option 'forwarders' Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: loading configuration: failure Dec 20 14:43:58 debian1 named[3630]: exiting (due to fatal error) |
#vim named.conf.local
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1346.14826.13754 2012-12-20 14:47:16.000000000 +0200 +++ named.conf.local 2012-12-20 14:47:32.000000000 +0200 @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ // organization //include "/etc/bind/zones.rfc1918"; -zone "evgeniy.net.nt" in { - type master; - file "/etc/bind/db.evgeniy"; - allow-transfer { 192.168.13.2; } -; } +//zone "evgeniy.net.nt" in { +// type master; +// file "/etc/bind/db.evgeniy"; +// allow-transfer { 192.168.13.2; } +//; } |
#ps ax|grep bind
3752 ? Ssl 0:00 /usr/sbin/named -u bind 3777 pts/1 S+ 0:00 grep bind |
#dig @localhost avk.ua
; <<>> DiG 9.7.3 <<>> @localhost avk.ua ; (1 server found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 36515 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;avk.ua. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: avk.ua. 64 IN A 62.149.2.16 ;; Query time: 53 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Dec 20 14:48:07 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 40 |
#vim
|
#vim named.conf.options
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1346.29015.17769 2012-12-20 14:48:32.000000000 +0200 +++ named.conf.options 2012-12-20 14:48:45.000000000 +0200 @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ // Uncomment the following block, and insert the addresses replacing // the all-0's placeholder. - forwarders { 192.168.13.253; 8.8.8.8; }; - forward only; + forwarders { 192.168.13.253; 8.8.8.8; }; + forward only; auth-nxdomain no; # conform to RFC1035 listen-on-v6 { any; }; |
#ping avk.ua
PING avk.ua (62.149.2.16) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from hosting1.colocall.net (62.149.2.16): icmp_req=1 ttl=60 time=1.21 ms 64 bytes from hosting1.colocall.net (62.149.2.16): icmp_req=2 ttl=60 time=1.06 ms 64 bytes from hosting1.colocall.net (62.149.2.16): icmp_req=3 ttl=60 time=1.20 ms 64 bytes from hosting1.colocall.net (62.149.2.16): icmp_req=4 ttl=60 time=1.20 ms ^C --- avk.ua ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.065/1.173/1.211/0.067 ms |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1346.7538.18607 2012-12-20 14:49:15.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/resolv.conf 2012-12-20 14:49:36.000000000 +0200 @@ -1,10 +1,3 @@ -#domain fobos.net.nt search net.nt -#search domain1.net -#search domain2.net -#search dobro.nt -nameserver 192.168.13.253 -#nameserver 192.168.13.3 -#nameserver 127.0.0.1 -#options timeout 2 -#options ndots:2 +#nameserver 192.168.13.253 +nameserver 127.0.0.1 |
#ping avk.ua
PING avk.ua (62.149.2.16) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from hosting1.colocall.net (62.149.2.16): icmp_req=1 ttl=60 time=1.53 ms 64 bytes from hosting1.colocall.net (62.149.2.16): icmp_req=2 ttl=60 time=1.17 ms 64 bytes from hosting1.colocall.net (62.149.2.16): icmp_req=3 ttl=60 time=1.24 ms ^C --- avk.ua ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.170/1.314/1.530/0.160 ms |
#host avk.ua
avk.ua has address 62.149.2.16 avk.ua mail is handled by 30 avk.svitonline.com. avk.ua mail is handled by 20 ps.avk.ua. |
#host ya.ru
ya.ru has address 87.250.250.203 ya.ru has address 87.250.251.3 ya.ru has address 93.158.134.3 ya.ru has address 93.158.134.203 ya.ru has address 213.180.193.3 ya.ru has address 213.180.204.3 ya.ru has address 77.88.21.3 ya.ru has address 87.250.250.3 ya.ru mail is handled by 10 mx.yandex.ru. |
#ping ya.ru
PING ya.ru (87.250.250.3) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.3): icmp_req=1 ttl=57 time=17.4 ms 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.3): icmp_req=2 ttl=57 time=17.3 ms ^C --- ya.ru ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 17.389/17.417/17.446/0.135 ms |
#vim named.conf.local
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1346.30861.31383 2012-12-20 14:51:43.000000000 +0200 +++ named.conf.local 2012-12-20 14:53:10.000000000 +0200 @@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ // organization //include "/etc/bind/zones.rfc1918"; -//zone "evgeniy.net.nt" in { -// type master; -// file "/etc/bind/db.evgeniy"; +zone "evgen.net.nt" in { + type master; + file "/etc/bind/db.evgen"; // allow-transfer { 192.168.13.2; } -//; } + forwarders {}; +}; |
#ls -hl
итого 56K -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2,5K Окт 20 21:15 bind.keys -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 237 Окт 20 21:15 db.0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 271 Окт 20 21:15 db.127 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 237 Окт 20 21:15 db.255 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 353 Окт 20 21:15 db.empty -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 309 Дек 20 12:09 db.evgeniy -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 270 Окт 20 21:15 db.local -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3,0K Окт 20 21:15 db.root -rw-r--r-- 1 root bind 463 Дек 20 14:45 named.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root bind 490 Окт 20 21:15 named.conf.default-zones -rw-r--r-- 1 root bind 288 Дек 20 14:53 named.conf.local -rw-r--r-- 1 root bind 591 Дек 20 14:48 named.conf.options -rw-r----- 1 bind bind 77 Дек 20 11:28 rndc.key -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1,3K Окт 20 21:15 zones.rfc1918 |
#mv db.evgeniy db.evgen
|
#vim named.conf
|
#~
named.conf named.conf.local named.conf.default-zones named.conf.options |
#vim named.conf.options
|
#~
named.conf.default-zones named.conf.local named.conf.options |
#vim named.conf.default-zones
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1346.31586.4836 2012-12-20 14:54:09.000000000 +0200 +++ named.conf.default-zones 2012-12-20 14:55:31.000000000 +0200 @@ -27,4 +27,8 @@ file "/etc/bind/db.255"; }; - +zone "evgen.net.nt" in { + type master; + file "/etc/bind/db.evgen.net.nt"; + forwarders {}; +}; |
#}
// prime the server with knowledge of the root servers zone ". type hint; file "/etc/bind/db.root"; }; // be authoritative for the localhost forward and reverse zones, and for type master; // broa file "/etc/bind/db.local"; }; zone "l type master; file "/etc/bind/db.127"; ... }; type master; file "/etc/bind/db.255"; zone "255.in-addr.arpa" { }; type master; file "/etc/bind/db.evgen.net.nt"; zone "e forwarders {}; { }; "named.conf.default-zones" 34L, 582C |
#ls -hl
итого 56K -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2,5K Окт 20 21:15 bind.keys -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 237 Окт 20 21:15 db.0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 271 Окт 20 21:15 db.127 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 237 Окт 20 21:15 db.255 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 353 Окт 20 21:15 db.empty -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 309 Дек 20 12:09 db.evgen -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 270 Окт 20 21:15 db.local -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3,0K Окт 20 21:15 db.root -rw-r--r-- 1 root bind 463 Дек 20 14:45 named.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root bind 582 Дек 20 14:55 named.conf.default-zones -rw-r--r-- 1 root bind 298 Дек 20 14:56 named.conf.local -rw-r--r-- 1 root bind 591 Дек 20 14:48 named.conf.options -rw-r----- 1 bind bind 77 Дек 20 11:28 rndc.key -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1,3K Окт 20 21:15 zones.rfc1918 |
#vim db.root
|
#F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 3600000 AAAA 2001:500:2F::F
; ; BIND data file for local loopback interface ; 2 ; Serial $TTL 604800 604800 ; Refresh 86400 ; Retry @ IN SOA 2419200st. root ; Expiret. ( 604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL ; @ IN NS localhost. @ IN A 127.0.0.1 @ IN AAAA ::1 "db.local" 14L, 270C |
#vim named.conf.options
|
#~
$TTL 3h @ IN SOA evgen.net.nt. root.evgen.net.nt. 1 ; version 3h ; refresh 30m ; retry 1w ; expirense 3600 ; TTL ) IN NS debian3 IN MX 5 mail debian3 IN A 192.168.13.3 mail IN A 192.168.13.2 mail IN CNAME smtp.evgeniy.net.nt. "db.evgen" 13L, 305C |
#~
ping: unknown host evgen.net.nt |
#ping ya.ru
PING ya.ru (77.88.21.3) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (77.88.21.3): icmp_req=1 ttl=58 time=20.7 ms ^C --- ya.ru ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 20.771/20.771/20.771/0.000 ms |
#vim db.evgen
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1346.17973.20780 2012-12-20 15:00:04.000000000 +0200 +++ db.evgen 2012-12-20 15:02:06.000000000 +0200 @@ -6,8 +6,11 @@ 1w ; expirense 3600 ; TTL ) - IN NS debian3 - IN MX 5 mail -debian3 IN A 192.168.13.3 -mail IN A 192.168.13.2 -mail IN CNAME smtp.evgeniy.net.nt. + NS evgen.net.nt +evgen.net.nt A 192.168.13.1 +scale.net.nt A 192.168.13.2 +# IN NS debian3 +# IN MX 5 mail +#debian3 IN A 192.168.13.3 +#mail IN A 192.168.13.2 +#mail IN CNAME smtp.evgeniy.net.nt. |
#rndc restart
rndc: 'restart' is not implemented |
#rndc
Usage: rndc [-b address] [-c config] [-s server] [-p port] [-k key-file ] [-y key] [-V] command command is one of the following: reload Reload configuration file and zones. reload zone [class [view]] Reload a single zone. refresh zone [class [view]] Schedule immediate maintenance for a zone. retransfer zone [class [view]] Retransfer a single zone without checking serial number. ... recursing Dump the queries that are currently recursing (named.recursing) validation newstate [view] Enable / disable DNSSEC validation. *restart Restart the server. addzone ["file"] zone [class [view]] { zone-options } Add zone to given view. Requires new-zone-file option. delzone ["file"] zone [class [view]] Removes zone from given view. Requires new-zone-file option. * == not yet implemented Version: 9.7.3 |
#/etc/init.d/bind9
Usage: /etc/init.d/bind9 {start|stop|reload|restart|force-reload|status}. |
Время первой команды журнала | 12:49:45 2012-12-20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 14:02:17 2012-12-20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 13.86 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 1.21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 1.39 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008