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Журнал лабораторных работ

Содержание

Журнал

Понедельник (11/24/14)

/dev/pts/3
13:43:18
## всё, запись идёт










13:43:23




## установка и настройка dhcp












13:43:54




#apt-cache search dhcp server


ahcpd - Ad-Hoc Configuration Protocol
avahi-autoipd - Avahi IPv4LL network address configuration daemon
bootp - server for the bootp protocol with DHCP support
udhcpd - Provides the busybox DHCP server implementation
dhcp-helper - A DHCP relay agent
dhcp-probe - network DHCP or BootP server discover
dhcpdump - Parse DHCP packets from tcpdump
dhcping - DHCP Daemon Ping Program
dhis-server - Dynamic Host Information System - server
dibbler-client - portable DHCPv6 client
...
ltsp-server-standalone - complete LTSP server environment
nagios-plugins-basic - Plugins for nagios compatible monitoring systems
netdiscover - active/passive network address scanner using arp requests
netdiscover-dbg - active/passive network address scanner using arp requests (debug)
pump - BOOTP and DHCP client for automatic IP configuration
pxe - free PXE daemon
python-pydhcplib - Python DHCP client/server library
python-pypureomapi - ISC DHCP OMAPI protocol implementation in Python
resolvconf - name server information handler
wide-dhcpv6-server - DHCPv6 server for automatic IPv6 hosts configuration











13:44:03




#apt-cache search dhcp server | grep dhcp-server


isc-dhcp-server - ISC DHCP server for automatic IP address assignment
isc-dhcp-server-dbg - ISC DHCP server for automatic IP address assignment (debug)
isc-dhcp-server-ldap - DHCP server able to use LDAP as backend











13:44:13




## isc-dhcp-server то что нам надо












13:44:23




#apt-get install isc-dhcp-server # инсталляция dhcp-сервера


Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
isc-dhcp-server is already the newest version.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.











13:44:34




## посмотрим что у него внутри












13:47:03




#dpkg -L isc-dhcp-server | wc -l


31











13:47:13




## 31 файл












13:47:18




## 31dpkg -L isc-dhcp-server | grep /etc


/etc
/etc/init.d
/etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server
/etc/dhcp
/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf











13:47:23




## конфигураÐцÐионныеф файлы












13:47:35




#â„# /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server












13:47:52




## сартовый скрипт












13:47:56




## /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf












13:48:00




## конфигурационный файл












13:48:05




## ещё одÐин:












13:48:18




#ls -l /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server


-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 657 Nov 15 06:12 /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server











13:48:21




## надо интерфейс eth0












13:48:39




#cat /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server


# Defaults for isc-dhcp-server initscript
# sourced by /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server
# installed at /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server by the maintainer scripts
#
# This is a POSIX shell fragment
#
# Path to dhcpd's config file (default: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf).
#DHCPD_CONF=/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
# Path to dhcpd's PID file (default: /var/run/dhcpd.pid).
#DHCPD_PID=/var/run/dhcpd.pid
# Additional options to start dhcpd with.
#       Don't use options -cf or -pf here; use DHCPD_CONF/ DHCPD_PID instead
#OPTIONS=""
# On what interfaces should the DHCP server (dhcpd) serve DHCP requests?
#       Separate multiple interfaces with spaces, e.g. "eth0 eth1".
INTERFACES="eth1"











13:48:42




## сейчас eth1












13:48:48




#sed -i s/eth1/eth0/ /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server












13:48:56




#grep INTER /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server


INTERFACES="eth0"











13:48:59




## сейчас как надо












13:52:26




## проверить есть ли INTERFACES:












13:52:52




## дописать в конец файла












13:55:13




## етеÐтеперь сконфигурируем сам DHCP_сервер












13:56:18




## для тех кто не любит vim












14:04:08




#}





1: ssh: connect to host 192.168.12.1 port 22: No route to host
2: ssh: connect to host 192.168.12.2 port 22: No route to host











14:04:38




#^C















14:04:38




#^C















14:04:38




#vim /opt/course-scripts/bin/all


--- /tmp/l3-saved-9664.14429.27691	2014-11-24 08:04:45.912542547 -0500
+++ /opt/course-scripts/bin/all	2014-11-24 08:04:53.580542779 -0500
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 
 for i in `seq 1 8`
 do
-ssh root@192.168.12.$i "$@" 2>&1 | sed "s/^/$i: /"
+ssh root@m$i "$@" 2>&1 | sed "s/^/$i: /"
 done
 









14:06:28




#all 'grep -A4 ^subnet /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf'


1: subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
1:   range 192.168.10.100 192.168.10.200;
1:   option routers 192.168.10.254;
1: }
2: subnet 192.168.20.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
2:   range 192.168.20.100 192.168.20.200;
2: }
2:
2: # This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses,
3: subnet 192.168.30.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
...
7: subnet 192.168.70.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
7:   range 192.168.70.100 192.168.70.200;
7:   option routers 192.168.70.254;
7: }
7:
8: subnet 192.168.80.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
8:   range 192.168.80.100 192.168.80.200;
8:   option routers 192.168.80.254;
8: }
8:











14:08:02




## /перезапустить сервис:












14:08:26




#tail /var/log/messages


Nov 24 08:08:24 debian0 dhcpd: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.2.2
Nov 24 08:08:24 debian0 dhcpd: Copyright 2004-2011 Internet Systems Consortium.
Nov 24 08:08:24 debian0 dhcpd: All rights reserved.
Nov 24 08:08:24 debian0 dhcpd: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Nov 24 08:08:24 debian0 dhcpd: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.2.2
Nov 24 08:08:24 debian0 dhcpd: Copyright 2004-2011 Internet Systems Consortium.
Nov 24 08:08:24 debian0 dhcpd: All rights reserved.
Nov 24 08:08:24 debian0 dhcpd: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Nov 24 08:08:24 debian0 dhcpd: Wrote 1 leases to leases file.
Nov 24 08:08:24 debian0 dhcpd:











14:08:34




#less /var/log/messages










14:09:07




#vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf










14:09:31




#~












14:09:34




#vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf


--- /tmp/l3-saved-9664.14557.14366	2014-11-24 08:09:38.404551381 -0500
+++ /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf	2014-11-24 08:09:48.760551700 -0500
@@ -1,13 +1,9 @@
 
-# вы можете комменты не удалять
-# это просто для вас
 
 ddns-update-style none;
 
-# доменное имя unix.nt
 option domain-name "unix.nt";
 
-# IP-адрес DNS-сервера
 option domain-name-servers 192.168.12.254;
 
 default-lease-time 600;
@@ -15,11 +11,8 @@
 log-facility local7;
 
 
-# надо раскомментировать subnet и прописать там свою сеть
 subnet 192.168.12.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
   range 192.168.12.100 192.168.12.200;
   option routers 192.168.12.254;
 }
 
-# это весь файл
-









14:09:56




#less /var/log/messages










14:10:16




#dhcpd -i eth0





Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.2.2
Copyright 2004-2011 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
Usage: dhcpd [-p <UDP port #>] [-f] [-d] [-q] [-t|-T]
             [-4|-6] [-cf config-file] [-lf lease-file]
             [-tf trace-output-file]
             [-play trace-input-file]
             [-pf pid-file] [--no-pid] [-s server]
             [if0 [...ifN]]











14:10:19




#dhcpd eth0





Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.2.2
Copyright 2004-2011 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Wrote 1 leases to leases file.
No subnet declaration for eth0 (10.1.199.1).
** Ignoring requests on eth0.  If this is not what
   you want, please write a subnet declaration
   in your dhcpd.conf file for the network segment
   to which interface eth0 is attached. **
Not configured to listen on any interfaces!











14:11:06




#ps aux | grep dhcp


root     10627  0.0  0.0  12896  5112 ?        Ss   08:10   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth1
root     10648  0.0  0.0   7836   876 pts/5    S+   08:11   0:00 grep dhcp











14:11:11




#ps aux | grep dhcpd


root     10627  0.0  0.0  12896  5112 ?        Ss   08:10   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth1
root     10657  0.0  0.0   7836   884 pts/5    S+   08:11   0:00 grep dhcpd











14:11:12




#ps aux | grep [d]hcpd


root     10627  0.0  0.0  12896  5112 ?        Ss   08:10   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth1











14:11:17




#ps aux | grep [d]hcpd


root     10627  0.0  0.0  12896  5112 ?        Ss   08:10   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth1











14:11:22




#ps aux | grep dhcpd


root     10627  0.0  0.0  12896  5112 ?        Ss   08:10   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth1
root     10698  0.0  0.0   7836   884 pts/5    S+   08:11   0:00 grep dhcpd











14:11:38




#ps aux | grep dhcpd


root     10627  0.0  0.0  12896  5112 ?        Ss   08:10   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth1
root     10722  0.0  0.0   7836   880 pts/5    S+   08:12   0:00 grep dhcpd











14:12:10




#ps aux | grep [d]hcpd


root     10627  0.0  0.0  12896  5112 ?        Ss   08:10   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth1











14:12:18




#ps aux | grep [d]hcpd


root     10627  0.0  0.0  12896  5112 ?        Ss   08:10   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth1











14:12:20




#ps aux | grep dhcpd


root     10627  0.0  0.0  12896  5112 ?        Ss   08:10   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth1
root     10791  0.0  0.0   7836   884 pts/5    S+   08:12   0:00 grep dhcpd











14:12:24




#all 'ps aux | grep dhcpd'


1: root      7152  0.0  0.0  13024  5496 ?        Ss   15:11   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth0
1: root      7174  0.0  0.0  10844  1536 ?        Ss   15:12   0:00 bash -c ps aux | grep dhcpd
1: root      7178  0.0  0.0   7836   888 ?        S    15:12   0:00 grep dhcpd
2: root      6623  0.0  0.0  13024  5500 ?        Ss   15:03   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth0
2: root      6716  0.0  0.0  10848  1544 ?        Ss   15:12   0:00 bash -c ps aux | grep dhcpd
2: root      6720  0.0  0.0   7836   880 ?        S    15:12   0:00 grep dhcpd
3: root      5789  0.0  0.0  13024  5496 ?        Ss   15:10   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth0
3: root      5806  0.0  0.0  10848  1544 ?        Ss   15:12   0:00 bash -c ps aux | grep dhcpd
3: root      5810  0.0  0.0   7836   884 ?        S    15:12   0:00 grep dhcpd
4: root      6192  0.0  0.0  31404  2864 pts/5    S+   14:56   0:00 /usr/bin/vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
...
5: root      6658  0.0  0.0   7836   884 ?        S    15:12   0:00 grep dhcpd
6: root      7472  0.0  0.0  13024  5544 ?        Ss   15:06   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth0
6: root      7535  0.0  0.0  10848  1544 ?        Ss   15:12   0:00 bash -c ps aux | grep dhcpd
6: root      7539  0.0  0.0   7836   888 ?        S    15:12   0:00 grep dhcpd
7: root      9012  0.0  0.0  13024  5620 ?        Ss   15:06   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth0
7: root      9095  0.0  0.0  10844  1536 ?        Ss   15:13   0:00 bash -c ps aux | grep dhcpd
7: root      9099  0.0  0.0   7836   884 ?        S    15:13   0:00 grep dhcpd
8: root      7230  0.0  0.0  13024  5524 ?        Ss   15:09   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth0
8: root      7253  0.0  0.0  10844  1532 ?        Ss   15:13   0:00 bash -c ps aux | grep dhcpd
8: root      7257  0.0  0.0   7836   888 ?        S    15:13   0:00 grep dhcpd











14:13:19




#host 192.168.12.254





Host 254.12.168.192.in-addr.arpa. not found: 3(NXDOMAIN)











14:13:24




#ssh m1


Linux debian1 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.63-2+deb7u1 x86_64
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Mon Nov 24 14:44:46 2014 from 192.168.12.254
l3-agent is already running: pid=3718; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid











14:13:37




#route


Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
default         192.168.10.254  0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
192.168.10.0    *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0











14:13:45




#cat /etc/resolv.conf


nameserver 192.168.12.254
search unix.nt











14:14:01




#exit


exit
Connection to m1 closed.











14:15:08




#vim /etc/bind/













14:15:08




#vim /etc/bind/













14:15:08




#vim /etc/bind/named.conf.local










14:16:02




#~





named.conf                named.conf.local
named.conf.default-zones  named.conf.options











14:16:02




#vim /etc/bind/named.conf.default-zones


--- /tmp/l3-saved-9664.19971.25888	2014-11-24 08:16:08.016563159 -0500
+++ /etc/bind/named.conf.default-zones	2014-11-24 08:16:42.528564166 -0500
@@ -27,4 +27,9 @@
 	file "/etc/bind/db.255";
 };
 
+zone "168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
+	type master;
+	file "/etc/bind/db.192.168";
+};
+
 









14:16:42




#ls /etc/bind/db.





db.0      db.127    db.255    db.empty  db.local  db.root











14:16:42




#ls /etc/bind/db.





db.0      db.127    db.255    db.empty  db.local  db.root











14:16:42




#cp /etc/bind/db.127 /etc/bind/db.192.168












14:17:00




#vim /etc/bind/db.192.168


--- /tmp/l3-saved-9664.9602.3312	2014-11-24 08:17:02.284564794 -0500
+++ /etc/bind/db.192.168	2014-11-24 08:19:31.728569312 -0500
@@ -11,3 +11,23 @@
 ;
 @	IN	NS	localhost.
 1.0.0	IN	PTR	localhost.
+
+1.10	IN 	PTR 	m1.unix.nt.
+254.10	IN 	PTR 	switch.unix.nt.
+1.20	IN 	PTR 	m2.unix.nt.
+254.20	IN 	PTR 	switch.unix.nt.
+1.30	IN 	PTR 	m3.unix.nt.
+254.30	IN 	PTR 	switch.unix.nt.
+1.40	IN 	PTR 	m4.unix.nt.
+254.40	IN 	PTR 	switch.unix.nt.
+1.50	IN 	PTR 	m5.unix.nt.
+254.50	IN 	PTR 	switch.unix.nt.
+1.60	IN 	PTR 	m6.unix.nt.
+254.60	IN 	PTR 	switch.unix.nt.
+1.70	IN 	PTR 	m7.unix.nt.
+254.70	IN 	PTR 	switch.unix.nt.
+1.80	IN 	PTR 	m8.unix.nt.
+254.80	IN 	PTR 	switch.unix.nt.
+1.90	IN 	PTR 	m9.unix.nt.
+254.90	IN 	PTR 	switch.unix.nt.
+









14:19:31




#/etc/init.d/bind9 restart


Stopping domain name service...: bind9waiting for pid 2466 to die
.
Starting domain name service...: bind9.











14:19:39




#host 192.168.10.1


1.10.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer m1.unix.nt.











14:20:21




#touch .hushlogin












14:20:24




#exit


exit
Connection to m1 closed.











14:20:28




#ssh m1


Linux debian1 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.63-2+deb7u1 x86_64
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Mon Nov 24 15:13:19 2014 from 192.168.12.254
l3-agent is already running: pid=3718; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid











14:20:37




#route


Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
default         switch.unix.nt  0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
192.168.10.0    *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0











14:20:41




#exit


exit
Connection to m1 closed.











14:20:43




#ssh m1


l3-agent is already running: pid=3718; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid











14:21:32




#/etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server restart





Stopping ISC DHCP server: dhcpd failed!
Starting ISC DHCP server: dhcpdcheck syslog for diagnostics. ... failed!
 failed!











14:21:35




#ssh m4


Linux debian4 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.63-2+deb7u1 x86_64
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Mon Nov 24 14:45:21 2014 from 192.168.12.254
l3-agent is already running: pid=3844; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid











14:21:44




#vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf










14:23:09




#/etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server restart


Stopping ISC DHCP server: dhcpd failed!
Starting ISC DHCP server: dhcpd.











14:23:24




#ps aux | grep [d]hcp


root      6192  0.0  0.0  31404  2864 pts/5    S+   14:56   0:00 /usr/bin/vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
root      6330  0.0  0.0  31412  2924 pts/3    S+   15:14   0:00 /usr/bin/vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
root      6587  0.0  0.0  13024  5620 ?        Ss   15:23   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth0











14:23:32




#kill 6192 6330












14:23:48




#ps aux | grep [d]hcp


root      6587  0.0  0.0  13024  5620 ?        Ss   15:23   0:00 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -q -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd.pid eth0











14:23:52




#exit


exit
Connection to m4 closed.











14:24:29




#find /var/ -name \*leases\*


/var/lib/dhcp/dhclient.eth0.leases
/var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases
/var/lib/dhcp/dhclient.leases
/var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases~











14:25:00




#cat /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases


# The format of this file is documented in the dhcpd.leases(5) manual page.
# This lease file was written by isc-dhcp-4.2.2
lease 192.168.12.200 {
  starts 1 2014/11/24 07:29:01;
  ends 1 2014/11/24 07:39:01;
  tstp 1 2014/11/24 07:39:01;
  cltt 1 2014/11/24 07:29:01;
  binding state free;
  hardware ethernet 6c:3b:e5:39:37:4b;
  uid "\001l;\34597K";
}
server-duid "\000\001\000\001\033\371\361\265\000\033!\235Z\004";











14:25:11




#all 'grep ^lease /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases'


1: lease 192.168.10.100 {
1: lease 192.168.10.101 {
1: lease 192.168.10.100 {
1: lease 192.168.10.101 {
1: lease 192.168.10.100 {
1: lease 192.168.10.101 {
2: lease 192.168.20.100 {
2: lease 192.168.20.101 {
2: lease 192.168.20.100 {
2: lease 192.168.20.101 {
...
7: lease 192.168.70.100 {
7: lease 192.168.70.101 {
7: lease 192.168.70.100 {
7: lease 192.168.70.101 {
8: lease 192.168.80.100 {
8: lease 192.168.80.101 {
8: lease 192.168.80.100 {
8: lease 192.168.80.101 {
8: lease 192.168.80.100 {
8: lease 192.168.80.