12:44:13
|
#telnet 192.168.16.2 65535
Trying 192.168.16.2... Connected to 192.168.16.2. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. |
| /l3/users/29-05-2007/nt-lnet/linux2.net.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 |
|
|
#whereis xinetd
xinetd: /usr/sbin/xinetd /etc/xinetd.d /etc/xinetd.conf2 /etc/xinetd.conf /usr/share/man/man8/xinetd.8.gz |
|
#ldd /usr/sbin/xinetd
linux-gate.so.1 => (0xffffe000)
libwrap.so.0 => /lib/libwrap.so.0 (0xb7f79000)
libnsl.so.1 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnsl.so.1 (0xb7f63000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libm.so.6 (0xb7f3d000)
libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libcrypt.so.1 (0xb7f0f000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc.so.6 (0xb7ddb000)
/lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xb7f8a000)
|
|
#whereis ls
ls: /bin/ls /usr/share/man/man1/ls.1.gz |
|
#ldd /bin/ls
linux-gate.so.1 => (0xffffe000)
librt.so.1 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/librt.so.1 (0xb7f1f000)
libacl.so.1 => /lib/libacl.so.1 (0xb7f19000)
libselinux.so.1 => /lib/libselinux.so.1 (0xb7f03000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc.so.6 (0xb7dcf000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libpthread.so.0 (0xb7dbc000)
/lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xb7f31000)
libattr.so.1 => /lib/libattr.so.1 (0xb7db8000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libdl.so.2 (0xb7db4000)
libsepol.so.1 => /lib/libsepol.so.1 (0xb7d73000)
|
|
#vim /etc/hosts.allow
|
|
#telnet 192.168.16.2 7
bacula-dir 9101/tcp # Bacula Director bacula-dir 9101/udp bacula-fd 9102/tcp # Bacula File Daemon bacula-fd 9102/udp Trying 192.168.16.2... Connected to 192.168.16.2. Escape character is '^]'. 2+2# 2+2# ^] ... ?Invalid command telnet> quit Connection closed. 0 packets captured 0 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
|
#vim /etc/hosts.allow
15,16c15,16 < #calc : 192.168.16.2 : allow < #calc : 192.168.16.1/255.255.255.255 : deny --- > calc : 192.168.16.2 : allow > calc : 192.168.16.1/255.255.255.255 : deny |
|
#vim /etc/hosts.allow
15c15 < calc : 192.168.16.2 : allow --- > calc : 192.168.16.2 : deny |
|
#telnet 192.168.16.2 65535
Trying 192.168.16.2... Connected to 192.168.16.2. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. |
|
#telnet 192.168.16.2 65535
Trying 192.168.16.2... Connected to 192.168.16.2. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. |
|
#telnet 127.0.0.1 65535
Usage: telnet [-4] [-6] [-8] [-E] [-L] [-a] [-d] [-e char] [-l user]
[-n tracefile] [ -b addr ] [-r] [host-name [port]]
|
|
#telnet 127.0.0.1 65535
Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. |
|
#vim /etc/hosts.allow
15,16c15,16 < calc : 192.168.16.2 : deny < calc : 192.168.16.1/255.255.255.255 : deny --- > calc : 192.168.16.2 > calc : 192.168.16.1 |
|
#telnet 127.0.0.1 65535
Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. |
|
#telnet 127.0.0.1 33333
afs3-errors 7006/tcp # error interpretation service afs3-errors 7006/udp afs3-bos 7007/tcp # basic overseer process afs3-bos 7007/udp afs3-update 7008/tcp # server-to-server updater afs3-update 7008/udp afs3-rmtsys 7009/tcp # remote cache manager service afs3-rmtsys 7009/udp font-service 7100/tcp xfs # X Font Service font-service 7100/udp xfs ... bacula-fd 9102/udp Trying 127.0.0.1... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused 0 packets captured 0 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
|
#telnet 127.0.0.1 65535
Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. |
|
#telnet 127.0.0.1 65535
|
|
#netstat -lnp | grep 65535
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:65535 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11879/xinetd |
|
#telnet 127.0.0.1 65535
Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. |
|
#telnet 192.168.16.2 65535
Trying 192.168.16.2... Connected to 192.168.16.2. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. |
|
#vim /etc/hosts.allow
15,16d14 < calc : 192.168.16.2 < calc : 192.168.16.1 |
|
#vim /etc/services
1c1 < # Network services, Internet style --- > 556a557 > bash 33333/tcp |
|
#vim /etc/xinetd.conf
23a24,34
> service bash
> {
> type = INTERNAL
> id = chargen-stream
> soket_type = stream
> protocol = tcp
> user = root
> wait = no
> disable = no
> }
>
|
|
#man xinetd
|
|
#vim /etc/xinetd.conf
26,27c26 < type = INTERNAL < id = chargen-stream --- > server = /bin/bash |
|
#vim /etc/init.d/xinetd restart
|
|
#telnet 192.168.16.2 33333
afs3-bos 7007/tcp # basic overseer process afs3-bos 7007/udp afs3-update 7008/tcp # server-to-server updater afs3-update 7008/udp afs3-rmtsys 7009/tcp # remote cache manager service afs3-rmtsys 7009/udp font-service 7100/tcp xfs # X Font Service font-service 7100/udp xfs bacula-dir 9101/tcp # Bacula Director bacula-dir 9101/udp ... Connected to 192.168.16.2. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. 0 packets captured 0 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
|
#/etc/init.d/xinetd restart
Stopping internet superserver: xinetd. Starting internet superserver: xinetd. |
|
#telnet 192.168.16.2 33333
Trying 192.168.16.2... Connected to 192.168.16.2. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. |
|
#netstat -lnp | grep :33333
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:33333 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12404/xinetd |
|
#telnet 192.168.16.2 33333
afs3-bos 7007/tcp # basic overseer process afs3-bos 7007/udp afs3-update 7008/tcp # server-to-server updater afs3-update 7008/udp afs3-rmtsys 7009/tcp # remote cache manager service afs3-rmtsys 7009/udp font-service 7100/tcp xfs # X Font Service font-service 7100/udp xfs bacula-dir 9101/tcp # Bacula Director bacula-dir 9101/udp ... Connected to 192.168.16.2. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. 0 packets captured 0 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
|
#telnet 192.168.16.2 33333
afs3-bos 7007/tcp # basic overseer process afs3-bos 7007/udp afs3-update 7008/tcp # server-to-server updater afs3-update 7008/udp afs3-rmtsys 7009/tcp # remote cache manager service afs3-rmtsys 7009/udp font-service 7100/tcp xfs # X Font Service font-service 7100/udp xfs bacula-dir 9101/tcp # Bacula Director bacula-dir 9101/udp ... Connected to 192.168.16.2. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. 0 packets captured 0 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
|
#telnet 127.0.0.1 33333
Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is '^]'. ls -l # итого 52 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2007-05-21 12:18 2 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 2007-05-24 10:04 bin drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2007-05-24 13:42 boot lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 2007-05-13 17:39 cdrom -> media/cdrom drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4200 2007-05-30 12:32 dev ... lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2007-05-21 16:29 vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-4-686 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2007-05-13 17:41 vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.16-2-686 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2007-05-18 19:10 xen drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2007-05-15 03:12 xen2 : command not found : command not found : command not found ^] telnet> q Connection closed. |
|
#telnet 192.168.16.2 33333
707225 drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 1024 2007-05-30 12:50 root
568233 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 3072 2007-05-30 11:59 sbin
57233 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2007-05-13 17:40 srv
1 drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 0 2007-05-30 09:21 sys
2 drwxrwxrwt 5 root root 4096 2007-05-30 12:50 tmp
2 drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 2007-05-22 12:13 usr
2 drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 2007-05-13 17:40 var
20445 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2007-05-21 16:29 vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-4-686
20443 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2007-05-13 17:41 vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.16-2-686
2 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2007-05-18 19:10 xen
...
?Invalid command
telnet> quit
Connection closed.
0 packets captured
0 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel
[root@linux1:~]#
[root@linux1:~]#
[root@linux1:~]#
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
#vim /etc/hosts.allow
18c18,19 < bash : 127.0.0.1 --- > bash : 127.0.0.1 : deny > bash : 192.168.16.2 |
|
#telnet 127.0.0.1 33333
Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. |
|
#telnet 192.168.16.2 33333
Trying 192.168.16.2... Connected to 192.168.16.2. Escape character is '^]'. ls -l # итого 52 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2007-05-21 12:18 2 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 2007-05-24 10:04 bin drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2007-05-24 13:42 boot lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 2007-05-13 17:39 cdrom -> media/cdrom drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4200 2007-05-30 12:32 dev ... drwxrwxrwt 5 root root 4096 2007-05-30 12:50 tmp drwxr-xr-x 12 root root 4096 2007-05-22 12:13 usr drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 2007-05-13 17:40 var lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2007-05-21 16:29 vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-4-686 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2007-05-13 17:41 vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.16-2-686 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2007-05-18 19:10 xen drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2007-05-15 03:12 xen2 ^] telnet> q Connection closed. |
|
#telnet 127.0.0.1 33333
|
|
#cat /etc/hosts.allow
# /etc/hosts.allow: list of hosts that are allowed to access the system. # See the manual pages hosts_access(5), hosts_options(5) # and /usr/doc/netbase/portmapper.txt.gz # # Example: ALL: LOCAL @some_netgroup # ALL: .foobar.edu EXCEPT terminalserver.foobar.edu # # If you're going to protect the portmapper use the name "portmap" for the # daemon name. Remember that you can only use the keyword "ALL" and IP # addresses (NOT host or domain names) for the portmapper, as well as for # rpc.mountd (the NFS mount daemon). See portmap(8), rpc.mountd(8) and # /usr/share/doc/portmap/portmapper.txt.gz for further information. # ssh : 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0 #ALL : linux2.net.nt echo : 192.168.16.2 bash : 127.0.0.1 : deny bash : 192.168.16.2 ALL : 127.0.0.1 |
|
#cat /etc/hosts.deny
# /etc/hosts.deny: list of hosts that are _not_ allowed to access the system. # See the manual pages hosts_access(5), hosts_options(5) # and /usr/doc/netbase/portmapper.txt.gz # # Example: ALL: some.host.name, .some.domain # ALL EXCEPT in.fingerd: other.host.name, .other.domain # # If you're going to protect the portmapper use the name "portmap" for the # daemon name. Remember that you can only use the keyword "ALL" and IP # addresses (NOT host or domain names) for the portmapper. See portmap(8) ... # The PARANOID wildcard matches any host whose name does not match its # address. # You may wish to enable this to ensure any programs that don't # validate looked up hostnames still leave understandable logs. In past # versions of Debian this has been the default. # ALL: PARANOID #calc: ALL #ALL: ALL #calc : ALL ALL : ALL |
|
#telnet 127.0.0.1 33333
afs3-bos 7007/tcp # basic overseer process afs3-bos 7007/udp afs3-update 7008/tcp # server-to-server updater afs3-update 7008/udp afs3-rmtsys 7009/tcp # remote cache manager service afs3-rmtsys 7009/udp font-service 7100/tcp xfs # X Font Service font-service 7100/udp xfs bacula-dir 9101/tcp # Bacula Director bacula-dir 9101/udp ... Connected to 127.0.0.1. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. 0 packets captured 0 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
|
#apt-get install gnome
libtotem-plparser1 libvisual-0.4-0 libvolume-id0 libvorbisenc2 libvte-common libvte4 libwmf0.2-7 libwnck-common libwnck18 libxaw7 libxdamage1 libxine1 libxkbfile1 libxklavier10 libxml2-utils libxmu6 libxmuu1 libxpm4 libxres1 libxslt1.1 libxss1 libxt6 libxtrap6 libxtst6 libxul-common libxul0d libxxf86misc1 menu-xdg metacity metacity-common mkisofs nautilus nautilus-cd-burner nautilus-data notification-daemon planner pmount powermgmt-base python-cairo python-glade2 python-gmenu python-gnome2 python-gnome2-desktop python-gtk2 python-libxml2 python-numeric python-pyorbit python-support rhythmbox scrollkeeper sgml-base sgml-data shared-mime-info sound-juicer synaptic system-tools-backends totem totem-mozilla totem-xine unzip vino wodim xbase-clients xkb-data xml-core xsltproc xulrunner-gnome-support yelp zenity zip ... gnome-user-guide libglib-perl libcairo-perl libgtk2-perl libgnome2-canvas-perl libgnome2-vfs-perl libgnome2-perl libgnomevfs2-bin gnome-desktop-environment libgsf-gnome-1-114 libgoffice-1-common libgoffice-1-2 gnumeric-common gnumeric libgda2-common libgda2-3 planner libglibmm-2.4-1c2a libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a libloudmouth1-0 inkscape gnome-office libgnomecupsui1.0-1c2a gnome-cups-manager gtk2-engines-spherecrystal gnome-themes-extras gnome-games-extra-data libgpod0 libsexy2 libmpeg2-4 libsidplay1 gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly python-gnome2 rhythmbox synaptic gnome-screensaver notification-daemon gnome-power-manager totem-mozilla gnome Установить эти пакеты без проверки [y/N]? n E: Некоторые пакеты невозможно аутентифицировать |
|
#vim /etc/apt/sources.list
19c19 < deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ etch main non-free contrib --- > #deb-src http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ etch main non-free contrib 23,24c23,24 < deb http://security.debian.org/ lenny/updates main < deb-src http://security.debian.org/ lenny/updates main --- > #deb http://security.debian.org/ lenny/updates main > #deb-src http://security.debian.org/ lenny/updates main |
|
#apt-get update ; apt-get install gnome -y
gimp-help gimp-python libgimp-perl gimp-data-extras cpufreqd cpudyn powernowd esound-clients gnome-audio gnome-hearts gnucash ntp wvdial gnumeric-doc gnumeric-plugins-extra gs-cjk-resource gtk-engines-pixmap hal-device-manager libxml-xql-perl python-xml skencil libartsc0 libaudio2 aspell cupsys-common libdv-bin gda2-mysql gda2-postgres gda2-odbc gda2-sqlite gda2-freetds gstreamer0.10-tools gstreamer0.10-plugins libgtk2-perl-doc libgtkhtml3.8-dbg liblcms-utils libopal-dev jpilot pilot-link malsync kpilot gnome-pilot sylpheed-claws sylpheed-claws-gtk2 sylpheed libraw1394-doc librsvg2-bin sidplay-base xsidplay cryptsetup python-gnome2-desktop-doc python-numeric-tutorial sgml-base-doc perlsgml doc-html-w3 opensp dwww tsclient mesa-utils ... Получено:63 http://debian.org.ua etch/main libstartup-notification0 0.8-2 [19,4kB] Получено:64 http://debian.org.ua etch/main libgnome-desktop-2 2.14.3-2 [74,8kB] Получено:65 http://debian.org.ua etch/main libgnome-menu2 2.16.1-3 [61,5kB] Получено:66 http://debian.org.ua etch/main gdb 6.4.90.dfsg-1 [2411kB] Получено:67 http://debian.org.ua etch/main libxslt1.1 1.1.19-1 [216kB] Получено:68 http://debian.org.ua etch/main libscrollkeeper0 0.3.14-13 [147kB] Получено:69 http://debian.org.ua etch/main sgml-base 1.26 [11,7kB] Получено:70 http://debian.org.ua etch/main xml-core 0.09-0.1 [21,5kB] Получено:71 http://debian.org.ua etch/main sgml-data 2.0.3 [279kB] Получено:72 http://debian.org.ua etch/main docbook-xml 4.4-5 [339kB] |
|
#startx
xauth: creating new authority file /root/.serverauth.19624 xauth: creating new authority file /root/.Xauthority xauth: creating new authority file /root/.Xauthority q quitannot stat /etc/X11/X (No such file or directory), aborting. exitgiving up. xinit: Connection refused (errno 111): unable to connect to X server xinit: No such process (errno 3): unexpected signal 2. |
|
#telnet 192.168.16.2 7q
telnet: could not resolve 192.168.16.2/7q: Servname not supported for ai_socktype |
|
#quit
bash: quit: command not found |
|
#date
Срд Май 30 13:30:09 EEST 2007 |
|
#startx
xauth: creating new authority file /root/.serverauth.19670 X: cannot stat /etc/X11/X (No such file or directory), aborting. giving up. xinit: Connection refused (errno 111): unable to connect to X server xinit: No such process (errno 3): Server error. |
|
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:01:02:B4:61:22
inet addr:192.168.19.94 Bcast:192.168.19.95 Mask:255.255.255.224
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
Interrupt:169 Base address:0x4c00
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:D0:B7:CD:1B:CF
inet addr:192.168.16.2 Bcast:192.168.16.31 Mask:255.255.255.224
...
RX bytes:255665187 (243.8 MiB) TX bytes:15338003 (14.6 MiB)
Base address:0xcc00 Memory:ff7e0000-ff800000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:714323 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:714323 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:1498186917 (1.3 GiB) TX bytes:1498186917 (1.3 GiB)
|
|
#vim /etc/hosts.allow
17,20c17,20 < echo : 192.168.16.2 < bash : 127.0.0.1 : deny < bash : 192.168.16.2 < ALL : 127.0.0.1 --- > #echo : 192.168.16.2 > #bash : 127.0.0.1 : deny > #bash : 192.168.16.2 > #ALL : 127.0.0.1 |
|
#vim /etc/hosts.deny
23c23 < ALL : ALL --- > #ALL : ALL |
|
#apt-get install xserver-xorg
┌─────────────────────────────────────────┤ Настраивается пакет xserver-xorg ├──────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ Оставьте только те разрешения, в которых вы бы хотели использовать X. Если вы удалите все, то это всё равно, что не │ │ удалить ни одного, так как X сервер в обоих случаях попытается использовать наибольшее возможное разрешение. │ │ │ │ Видеорежимы X сервера: │ │ │ │ [ ] 1920x1440 │ │ [ ] 1920x1200 │ │ [ ] 1856x1392 │ │ [ ] 1792x1344 │ ... │ [ ] 1152x864 │ │ [ ] 1152x768 │ │ [*] 1024x768 │ │ [*] 800x600 │ │ [*] 640x480 │ │ │ │ │ │ <Ok>k> │ │ │ └───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ |
|
#xinit
X Window System Version 7.1.1
Release Date: 12 May 2006
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 7.1.1
Build Operating System: UNKNOWN
Current Operating System: Linux linux2 2.6.18-4-686 #1 SMP Mon Mar 26 17:17:36 UTC 2007 i686
Build Date: 04 April 2007
Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
Module Loader present
Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
...
(EE) AIGLX: Screen 0 is not DRI capable
xkb_keycodes { include "xfree86+aliases(qwerty)" };
xkb_types { include "complete" };
xkb_compatibility { include "complete" };
xkb_symbols { include "pc(pc105)+us" };
xkb_geometry { include "pc(pc104)" };
Fatal server error:
could not open default font 'fixed'
XIO: fatal IO error 104 (Connection reset by peer) on X server ":0.0"
after 0 requests (0 known processed) with 0 events remaining.
|
|
#xinit
X Window System Version 7.1.1
Release Date: 12 May 2006
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 7.1.1
Build Operating System: UNKNOWN
Current Operating System: Linux linux2 2.6.18-4-686 #1 SMP Mon Mar 26 17:17:36 UTC 2007 i686
Build Date: 04 April 2007
Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
Module Loader present
Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
...
(EE) AIGLX: Screen 0 is not DRI capable
xkb_keycodes { include "xfree86+aliases(qwerty)" };
xkb_types { include "complete" };
xkb_compatibility { include "complete" };
xkb_symbols { include "pc(pc105)+us" };
xkb_geometry { include "pc(pc104)" };
Fatal server error:
could not open default font 'fixed'
XIO: fatal IO error 104 (Connection reset by peer) on X server ":0.0"
after 0 requests (0 known processed) with 0 events remaining.
|
|
#apt-get install xfonts-base
Чтение списков пакетов... Готово Построение дерева зависимостей... Готово Предлагаемые пакеты: xfs xserver НОВЫЕ пакеты, которые будут установлены: xfonts-base обновлено 0, установлено 1 новых пакетов, для удаления отмечено 0 пакетов, и 96 пакетов не обновлено. Необходимо скачать 6131kБ архивов. После распаковки объем занятого дискового пространства возрастёт на 8503kB. Получено:1 http://debian.org.ua etch/main xfonts-base 1:1.0.0-4 [6131kB] Получено 6131kB за 2s (2157kB/c) Выбор ранее не выбранного пакета xfonts-base. (Чтение базы данных... vimна данный момент установлено 61903 файлов и каталогов.) Распаковывается пакет xfonts-base (из файла .../xfonts-base_1%3a1.0.0-4_all.deb)... Настраивается пакет xfonts-base (1.0.0-4) ... warning: /usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc does not exist or is not a directory warning: /usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc does not exist or is not a directory |
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#vim /etc/X11/xorg.conf
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#ssh clint@net.nt
Connection to net.nt closed. |
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#vim /etc/X11/xorg.conf
75,76c75,76 < HorizSync 28-64 < VertRefresh 43-60 --- > HorizSync 31.5-81.1 > VertRefresh 55-76 |
|
#vim .xinitrc
|
|
#startx
xauth: creating new authority file /root/.serverauth.2866
X: warning; process set to priority -1 instead of requested priority 0
X Window System Version 7.1.1
Release Date: 12 May 2006
X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 7.1.1
Build Operating System: UNKNOWN
Current Operating System: Linux linux2 2.6.21.2 #1 SMP Thu May 24 13:33:22 EEST 2007 i686
Build Date: 04 April 2007
Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
...
The application 'nautilus' lost its connection to the display :0.0;
most likely the X server was shut down or you killed/destroyed
the application.
The application 'vino-session' lost its connection to the display :0.0;
most likely the X server was shut down or you killed/destroyed
the application.
xinit: connection to X server lost.
waiting for X server to shut down The application 'epiphany-browser' lost its connection to the display :0.0;
most likely the X server was shut down or you killed/destroyed
the application.
|
|
#ifconfig
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:D0:B7:CD:1B:CF
inet addr:192.168.16.2 Bcast:192.168.16.31 Mask:255.255.255.224
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2218 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1662 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
RX bytes:2214435 (2.1 MiB) TX bytes:215644 (210.5 KiB)
Base address:0xcc00 Memory:ff7e0000-ff800000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:600 (600.0 b) TX bytes:600 (600.0 b)
|
|
#apt-get install mc
Чтение списков пакетов... Готово Построение дерева зависимостей... Готово Предлагаемые пакеты: links arj НОВЫЕ пакеты, которые будут установлены: mc обновлено 0, установлено 1 новых пакетов, для удаления отмечено 0 пакетов, и 96 пакетов не обновлено. Необходимо скачать 2137kБ архивов. После распаковки объем занятого дискового пространства возрастёт на 5526kB. Получено:1 http://debian.org.ua etch/main mc 1:4.6.1-6 [2137kB] Получено 2137kB за 1s (1693kB/c) Выбор ранее не выбранного пакета mc. (Чтение базы данных... на данный момент установлено 62318 файлов и каталогов.) Распаковывается пакет mc (из файла .../mc_1%3a4.6.1-6_i386.deb)... Настраивается пакет mc (4.6.1-6) ... |
|
#mc
|
|
#ssh root@192.168.16.1
root@192.168.16.1's password: Last login: Wed May 30 13:33:25 2007 from linux4.net.nt Linux linux1 2.6.18-4-686 #1 SMP Mon Mar 26 17:17:36 UTC 2007 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. l3-agent is already running: pid=3590; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
|
#screen -x
|
|
#eject -t
|
|
#exit
Connection to 192.168.16.4 closed. |
|
#screen -x
|
|
#screen -x
|
|
#cat /etc/services
vnetd 13724/tcp # Veritas Network Utility vnetd 13724/udp bpcd 13782/tcp # VERITAS NetBackup bpcd 13782/udp vopied 13783/tcp # VERITAS NetBackup vopied 13783/udp wnn6 22273/tcp # wnn6 wnn6 22273/udp # # Datagram Delivery Protocol services ... binkp 24554/tcp # binkp fidonet protocol asp 27374/tcp # Address Search Protocol asp 27374/udp csync2 30865/tcp # cluster synchronization tool dircproxy 57000/tcp # Detachable IRC Proxy tfido 60177/tcp # fidonet EMSI over telnet fido 60179/tcp # fidonet EMSI over TCP calc 65535/tcp bash 33333/tcp # Local services |
|
#cat /etc/services | less icmp
|
|
#cat /etc/services | grep icmp
grep: icmp: No such file or directory |
|
#ping 192.168.16.1
PING 192.168.16.1 (192.168.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.251 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.189 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.331 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.172 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.257 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.214 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.183 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.266 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=0.349 ms ... 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=12 ttl=64 time=0.356 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=13 ttl=64 time=0.203 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=14 ttl=64 time=0.282 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=15 ttl=64 time=0.367 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=16 ttl=64 time=0.213 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=17 ttl=64 time=0.290 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=18 ttl=64 time=0.134 ms --- 192.168.16.1 ping statistics --- 18 packets transmitted, 18 received, 0% packet loss, time 17001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.134/0.251/0.367/0.068 ms |
|
#cat /etc/services | grep icmp
|
|
#echo
echo echo-client-2 |
|
#echo $?
1 |
|
#ping 192.168.16.1
PING 192.168.16.1 (192.168.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.211 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.390 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.293 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.250 ms --- 192.168.16.1 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.211/0.286/0.390/0.066 ms |
|
#ping 192.168.16.1
PING 192.168.16.1 (192.168.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=1 Destination Port Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=2 Destination Port Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=3 Destination Port Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=4 Destination Port Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=5 Destination Port Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=6 Destination Port Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=7 Destination Port Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=8 Destination Port Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=9 Destination Port Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=10 Destination Port Unreachable --- 192.168.16.1 ping statistics --- 10 packets transmitted, 0 received, +10 errors, 100% packet loss, time 9002ms |
|
#telnet 192.168.16.1 6000
Usage: telnet [-4] [-6] [-8] [-E] [-L] [-a] [-d] [-e char] [-l user]
[-n tracefile] [ -b addr ] [-r] [host-name [port]]
|
|
#telnet 192.168.16.1 6000
Trying 192.168.16.1... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused |
|
#telnet 192.168.16.1 60000
Trying 192.168.16.1... Connected to 192.168.16.1. Escape character is '^]'. 2+2# 4 ^] telnet> q Connection closed. |
|
#telnet 192.168.16.1 60000
Trying 192.168.16.1... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused |
|
#watch
1 .gconf/ .lilalo/ .serverauth.2866 12 .gconfd/ .mc/ .ssh/ 123 .gnome/ .metacity/ userapp 1.gif .gnome2/ .moc/ user_passwd 1.jpg .gnome2_private/ .mozilla/ var 1.png .gnupg/ .mplayer/ .viminfo .aptitude/ .gstreamer-0.10/ .nautilus/ .vimrc .bash_history .gtkrc-1.2-gnome2 nohup.out .w3m/ .bash_profile .ICEauthority ODINAKOVOneOdInAkOvORAVNO .Xauthority .bashrc .inputrc ODINAKOVO_neOdInAkOvO_RAVNO .xinitrc .dbus/ install ODINAKOVONEoDinakovoRAVNO Desktop/ .l3rc ODINAKOVO_NEoDinakovo_RAVNO .evolution/ .lesshst .profile |
|
#watch iptables -L -vv
|
|
#cat /etc/services |grep pop3
pop3 110/tcp pop-3 # POP version 3 pop3 110/udp pop-3 pop3s 995/tcp # POP-3 over SSL pop3s 995/udp |
|
#man iptables
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.1
PING 192.168.16.1 (192.168.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=1 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=2 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=3 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=4 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=5 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=6 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=7 Destination Net Unreachable --- 192.168.16.1 ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 0 received, +7 errors, 100% packet loss, time 6001ms |
|
#ping 192.168.16.1
PING 192.168.16.1 (192.168.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=1 Packet filtered From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=2 Packet filtered From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=3 Packet filtered From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=4 Packet filtered From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=5 Packet filtered From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=6 Packet filtered From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=7 Packet filtered From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=8 Packet filtered From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=9 Packet filtered From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=10 Packet filtered From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=11 Packet filtered From 192.168.16.1 icmp_seq=12 Packet filtered --- 192.168.16.1 ping statistics --- 12 packets transmitted, 0 received, +12 errors, 100% packet loss, time 10997ms |
|
# deb-src http://debian.beryl-project.org/ etch main
bash: deb-src: command not found |
|
#apt-get update
Получено:1 http://debian.org.ua etch Release.gpg [378B] В кэше http://debian.org.ua etch Release Ign http://debian.org.ua etch/main Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://debian.org.ua etch/non-free Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://debian.org.ua etch/contrib Packages/DiffIndex В кэше http://debian.org.ua etch/main Packages В кэше http://debian.org.ua etch/non-free Packages В кэше http://debian.org.ua etch/contrib Packages Получено 1B за 23s (0B/c) Чтение списков пакетов... Готово |
|
#apt-get install beryl beryl-core beryl-dev \
> beryl-manager beryl-plugins beryl-plugins-data \ > beryl-settings emerald emerald-themes Чтение списков пакетов... Готово Построение дерева зависимостей... Готово E: Не могу найти пакет beryl |
|
#apt-get install aquamarine
Чтение списков пакетов... Готово Построение дерева зависимостей... Готово E: Не могу найти пакет aquamarine |
# /etc/hosts.allow: list of hosts that are allowed to access the system. # See the manual pages hosts_access(5), hosts_options(5) # and /usr/doc/netbase/portmapper.txt.gz # # Example: ALL: LOCAL @some_netgroup # ALL: .foobar.edu EXCEPT terminalserver.foobar.edu # # If you're going to protect the portmapper use the name "portmap" for the # daemon name. Remember that you can only use the keyword "ALL" and IP # addresses (NOT host or domain names) for the portmapper, as well as for # rpc.mountd (the NFS mount daemon). See portmap(8), rpc.mountd(8) and # /usr/share/doc/portmap/portmapper.txt.gz for further information. # ssh : 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0 #ALL : linux2.net.nt echo : 192.168.16.2 bash : 127.0.0.1 : deny bash : 192.168.16.2 ALL : 127.0.0.1
# /etc/hosts.deny: list of hosts that are _not_ allowed to access the system. # See the manual pages hosts_access(5), hosts_options(5) # and /usr/doc/netbase/portmapper.txt.gz # # Example: ALL: some.host.name, .some.domain # ALL EXCEPT in.fingerd: other.host.name, .other.domain # # If you're going to protect the portmapper use the name "portmap" for the # daemon name. Remember that you can only use the keyword "ALL" and IP # addresses (NOT host or domain names) for the portmapper. See portmap(8) # and /usr/doc/portmap/portmapper.txt.gz for further information. # # The PARANOID wildcard matches any host whose name does not match its # address. # You may wish to enable this to ensure any programs that don't # validate looked up hostnames still leave understandable logs. In past # versions of Debian this has been the default. # ALL: PARANOID #calc: ALL #ALL: ALL #calc : ALL ALL : ALL
vnetd 13724/tcp # Veritas Network Utility vnetd 13724/udp bpcd 13782/tcp # VERITAS NetBackup bpcd 13782/udp vopied 13783/tcp # VERITAS NetBackup vopied 13783/udp wnn6 22273/tcp # wnn6 wnn6 22273/udp # # Datagram Delivery Protocol services # rtmp 1/ddp # Routing Table Maintenance Protocol nbp 2/ddp # Name Binding Protocol echo 4/ddp # AppleTalk Echo Protocol zip 6/ddp # Zone Information Protocol #========================================================================= # The remaining port numbers are not as allocated by IANA. #========================================================================= # Kerberos (Project Athena/MIT) services # Note that these are for Kerberos v4, and are unofficial. Sites running # v4 should uncomment these and comment out the v5 entries above. # kerberos4 750/udp kerberos-iv kdc # Kerberos (server) kerberos4 750/tcp kerberos-iv kdc kerberos_master 751/udp # Kerberos authentication kerberos_master 751/tcp passwd_server 752/udp # Kerberos passwd server krb_prop 754/tcp krb5_prop hprop # Kerberos slave propagation krbupdate 760/tcp kreg # Kerberos registration swat 901/tcp # swat kpop 1109/tcp # Pop with Kerberos knetd 2053/tcp # Kerberos de-multiplexor zephyr-srv 2102/udp # Zephyr server zephyr-clt 2103/udp # Zephyr serv-hm connection zephyr-hm 2104/udp # Zephyr hostmanager eklogin 2105/tcp # Kerberos encrypted rlogin # Hmmm. Are we using Kv4 or Kv5 now? Worrying. # The following is probably Kerberos v5 --- ajt@debian.org (11/02/2000) kx 2111/tcp # X over Kerberos iprop 2121/tcp # incremental propagation # # Unofficial but necessary (for NetBSD) services # supfilesrv 871/tcp # SUP server supfiledbg 1127/tcp # SUP debugging # # Services added for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution # linuxconf 98/tcp # LinuxConf poppassd 106/tcp # Eudora poppassd 106/udp ssmtp 465/tcp smtps # SMTP over SSL moira_db 775/tcp # Moira database moira_update 777/tcp # Moira update protocol moira_ureg 779/udp # Moira user registration spamd 783/tcp # spamassassin daemon omirr 808/tcp omirrd # online mirror omirr 808/udp omirrd customs 1001/tcp # pmake customs server customs 1001/udp skkserv 1178/tcp # skk jisho server port predict 1210/udp # predict -- satellite tracking rmtcfg 1236/tcp # Gracilis Packeten remote config server wipld 1300/tcp # Wipl network monitor xtel 1313/tcp # french minitel xtelw 1314/tcp # french minitel support 1529/tcp # GNATS sieve 2000/tcp # Sieve mail filter daemon cfinger 2003/tcp # GNU Finger ndtp 2010/tcp # Network dictionary transfer protocol frox 2121/tcp # frox: caching ftp proxy ninstall 2150/tcp # ninstall service ninstall 2150/udp zebrasrv 2600/tcp # zebra service zebra 2601/tcp # zebra vty ripd 2602/tcp # ripd vty (zebra) ripngd 2603/tcp # ripngd vty (zebra) ospfd 2604/tcp # ospfd vty (zebra) bgpd 2605/tcp # bgpd vty (zebra) ospf6d 2606/tcp # ospf6d vty (zebra) ospfapi 2607/tcp # OSPF-API isisd 2608/tcp # ISISd vty (zebra) afbackup 2988/tcp # Afbackup system afbackup 2988/udp afmbackup 2989/tcp # Afmbackup system afmbackup 2989/udp xtell 4224/tcp # xtell server fax 4557/tcp # FAX transmission service (old) hylafax 4559/tcp # HylaFAX client-server protocol (new) distmp3 4600/tcp # distmp3host daemon munin 4949/tcp lrrd # Munin enbd-cstatd 5051/tcp # ENBD client statd enbd-sstatd 5052/tcp # ENBD server statd pcrd 5151/tcp # PCR-1000 Daemon noclog 5354/tcp # noclogd with TCP (nocol) noclog 5354/udp # noclogd with UDP (nocol) hostmon 5355/tcp # hostmon uses TCP (nocol) hostmon 5355/udp # hostmon uses UDP (nocol) rplay 5555/udp # RPlay audio service rplay 5555/tcp rptp 5556/udp # Remote Play Transfer Protocol rptp 5556/tcp nsca 5667/tcp # Nagios Agent - NSCA mrtd 5674/tcp # MRT Routing Daemon bgpsim 5675/tcp # MRT Routing Simulator canna 5680/tcp # cannaserver sane-port 6566/tcp sane saned # SANE network scanner daemon ircd 6667/tcp # Internet Relay Chat zope-ftp 8021/tcp # zope management by ftp webcache 8080/tcp # WWW caching service tproxy 8081/tcp # Transparent Proxy omniorb 8088/tcp # OmniORB omniorb 8088/udp clc-build-daemon 8990/tcp # Common lisp build daemon xinetd 9098/tcp mandelspawn 9359/udp mandelbrot # network mandelbrot git 9418/tcp # Git Version Control System zope 9673/tcp # zope server webmin 10000/tcp kamanda 10081/tcp # amanda backup services (Kerberos) kamanda 10081/udp amandaidx 10082/tcp # amanda backup services amidxtape 10083/tcp # amanda backup services smsqp 11201/tcp # Alamin SMS gateway smsqp 11201/udp xpilot 15345/tcp # XPilot Contact Port xpilot 15345/udp sgi-cmsd 17001/udp # Cluster membership services daemon sgi-crsd 17002/udp sgi-gcd 17003/udp # SGI Group membership daemon sgi-cad 17004/tcp # Cluster Admin daemon isdnlog 20011/tcp # isdn logging system isdnlog 20011/udp vboxd 20012/tcp # voice box system vboxd 20012/udp binkp 24554/tcp # binkp fidonet protocol asp 27374/tcp # Address Search Protocol asp 27374/udp csync2 30865/tcp # cluster synchronization tool dircproxy 57000/tcp # Detachable IRC Proxy tfido 60177/tcp # fidonet EMSI over telnet fido 60179/tcp # fidonet EMSI over TCP calc 65535/tcp bash 33333/tcp # Local services
| Время первой команды журнала | 12:40:35 2007- 5-30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Время последней команды журнала | 16:06:28 2007- 5-30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 40.59 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 2.97 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 2.02 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 0.83 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
| Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1
2
3
4
Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией.
Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды.
Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса,
нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008