Журнал лабораторных работ

Changing shell bash for user...hell
Changing shell bash for ivan...hell
Changing shell bash for petr...hell

Changing shell zsh for user...
Changing shell zsh for ivan...
Changing shell zsh for petr...

Changing shell bash for user...
Changing shell bash for ivan...
Changing shell bash for petr...

./shell.sh: line 3: 1:-bash: команда не найдена
Changing shell  for user...
Changing shell  for ivan...
Changing shell  for petr...

Changing shell zsh for user...
Changing shell zsh for ivan...
Changing shell zsh for petr...

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/bin/sh
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/bin/sh
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/bin/sh
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/bin/sh
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/bin/sh
mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/bin/sh
news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/bin/sh
...
list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/bin/sh
irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/bin/sh
gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/bin/sh
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/bin/sh
libuuid:x:100:101::/var/lib/libuuid:/bin/sh
Debian-exim:x:101:103::/var/spool/exim4:/bin/false
user:x:1000:1000:user,,,:/home/user:/bin/zsh
sshd:x:102:65534::/var/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
ivan:x:1001:1001::/home/ivan:/bin/zsh
petr:x:1002:1002::/home/petr:/bin/zsh

Changing shell bash for user...
Changing shell bash for ivan...
Changing shell bash for petr...

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/bin/sh
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/bin/sh
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/bin/sh
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/bin/sh
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/bin/sh
mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/bin/sh
news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/bin/sh
...
list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/bin/sh
irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/bin/sh
gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/bin/sh
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/bin/sh
libuuid:x:100:101::/var/lib/libuuid:/bin/sh
Debian-exim:x:101:103::/var/spool/exim4:/bin/false
user:x:1000:1000:user,,,:/home/user:/bin/bash
sshd:x:102:65534::/var/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
ivan:x:1001:1001::/home/ivan:/bin/bash
petr:x:1002:1002::/home/petr:/bin/bash

25

root@debian2:/usr/share/man# pstree
init─┬─acpid
     ├─cron
     ├─exim4
     ├─6*[getty]
     ├─2*[l3-agent]
     ├─rsyslogd───3*[{rsyslogd}]
     ├─2*[script───l3script]
     ├─sshd─┬─sshd───bash───script───script───l3script───bash───pstree
     │      └─sshd───sshd───bash───script───script───l3script
     └─udevd
root@debian2:/usr/share/man# echo $t
root@debian2:/usr/share/man# exit
exit

25

root@debian2:/usr/share/man# echo $t
25
root@debian2:/usr/share/man# exit
exit

SHELL=/bin/bash
TERM=xterm
HISTSIZE=2000
SSH_CLIENT=192.168.16.176 49158 22
L3_PARENT_TTY=/dev/pts/2
OLDPWD=/root
L3_TAMPERED_EDITORS= vi vim pico nano
SSH_TTY=/dev/pts/2
USER=root
HISTFILESIZE=2000
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
MAIL=/var/mail/root
L3_SESSION_ID=2642526237808327667-1504677564
PWD=/usr/share/man
LANG=ru_RU.UTF-8

0

0

1

[1] 14136

[1]+  Running                 ping -c100 8.8.8.8 &>report.txt &

[1]+  Завершено      ping -c100 8.8.8.8 &>report.txt

[1]+  Stopped                 ping -c100 8.8.8.8 &>report.txt

[1]+ ping -c100 8.8.8.8 &>report.txt &

l3script: bg: job 1 already in background

0
[1]+  Done                    ping -c100 8.8.8.8 &>report.txt

1

test: test [expr]
    Evaluate conditional expression.
    Exits with a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on
    the evaluation of EXPR.  Expressions may be unary or binary.  Unary
    expressions are often used to examine the status of a file.  There
    are string operators and numeric comparison operators as well.
    The behavior of test depends on the number of arguments.  Read the
    bash manual page for the complete specification.
    File operators:
      -a FILE        True if file exists.
...
      arg1 OP arg2   Arithmetic tests.  OP is one of -eq, -ne,
                     -lt, -le, -gt, or -ge.
    Arithmetic binary operators return true if ARG1 is equal, not-equal,
    less-than, less-than-or-equal, greater-than, or greater-than-or-equal
    than ARG2.
    See the bash manual page bash(1) for the handling of parameters (i.e.
    missing parameters).
    Exit Status:
    Returns success if EXPR evaluates to true; fails if EXPR evaluates to
    false or an invalid argument is given.

cs  da  de  es  fi  fr  gl  hu  id  it  ja  ko  man1  man2  man3  man4  man5  man6  man7  man8  nl  pl  pt  pt_BR  report.txt  ru  shell.sh  sl  sv  tr  zh_CN  zh_TW

[: [ arg... ]
    Evaluate conditional expression.
    This is a synonym for the "test" builtin, but the last argument must
    be a literal `]', to match the opening `['.
[[ ... ]]: [[ expression ]]
    Execute conditional command.
    Returns a status of 0 or 1 depending on the evaluation of the conditional
    expression EXPRESSION.  Expressions are composed of the same primaries used
    by the `test' builtin, and may be combined using the following operators:
      ( EXPRESSION )    Returns the value of EXPRESSION
      ! EXPRESSION              True if EXPRESSION is false; else false
      EXPR1 && EXPR2    True if both EXPR1 and EXPR2 are true; else false
      EXPR1 || EXPR2    True if either EXPR1 or EXPR2 is true; else false
    When the `==' and `!=' operators are used, the string to the right of
    the operator is used as a pattern and pattern matching is performed.
    When the `=~' operator is used, the string to the right of the operator
    is matched as a regular expression.
    The && and || operators do not evaluate EXPR2 if EXPR1 is sufficient to
    determine the expression's value.
    Exit Status:
    0 or 1 depending on value of EXPRESSION.

root     pts/2        2017-09-06 08:59 (192.168.16.176)
user     pts/6        2017-09-06 09:01 (192.168.16.176)

./proc.sh: line 5: [: пропущен `]'

speed 38400 baud; rows 48; columns 173; line = 0;
intr = ^C; quit = ^\; erase = ^?; kill = ^U; eof = ^D; eol = <undef>; eol2 = <undef>; swtch = <undef>; start = ^Q; stop = ^S; susp = ^Z; rprnt = ^R; werase = ^W; lnext = ^V;
flush = ^O; min = 1; time = 0;
-parenb -parodd cs8 -hupcl -cstopb cread -clocal -crtscts
-ignbrk -brkint -ignpar -parmrk -inpck -istrip -inlcr -igncr icrnl ixon -ixoff -iuclc -ixany -imaxbel -iutf8
opost -olcuc -ocrnl onlcr -onocr -onlret -ofill -ofdel nl0 cr0 tab0 bs0 vt0 ff0
isig icanon iexten echo echoe echok -echonl -noflsh -xcase -tostop -echoprt echoctl echoke

test: test [expr]
    Evaluate conditional expression.
    Exits with a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on
    the evaluation of EXPR.  Expressions may be unary or binary.  Unary
    expressions are often used to examine the status of a file.  There
    are string operators and numeric comparison operators as well.
    The behavior of test depends on the number of arguments.  Read the
    bash manual page for the complete specification.
    File operators:
      -a FILE        True if file exists.
...
      arg1 OP arg2   Arithmetic tests.  OP is one of -eq, -ne,
                     -lt, -le, -gt, or -ge.
    Arithmetic binary operators return true if ARG1 is equal, not-equal,
    less-than, less-than-or-equal, greater-than, or greater-than-or-equal
    than ARG2.
    See the bash manual page bash(1) for the handling of parameters (i.e.
    missing parameters).
    Exit Status:
    Returns success if EXPR evaluates to true; fails if EXPR evaluates to
    false or an invalid argument is given.

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

0

1

0

1

read: read [-ers] [-a array] [-d delim] [-i text] [-n nchars] [-N nchars] [-p prompt] [-t timeout] [-u fd] [name ...]
    Read a line from the standard input and split it into fields.
    Reads a single line from the standard input, or from file descriptor FD
    if the -u option is supplied.  The line is split into fields as with word
    splitting, and the first word is assigned to the first NAME, the second
    word to the second NAME, and so on, with any leftover words assigned to
    the last NAME.  Only the characters found in $IFS are recognized as word
    delimiters.
    If no NAMEs are supplied, the line read is stored in the REPLY variable.
    Options:
...
    changed by subsequent assignment.  If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE
    before marking as read-only.
    Options:
      -a        refer to indexed array variables
      -A        refer to associative array variables
      -f        refer to shell functions
      -p        display a list of all readonly variables and functions
    An argument of `--' disables further option processing.
    Exit Status:
    Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid.

> echo Ваш цвет - $FAV_VOL
Ваш цвет?
green
Ваш цвет -

Ваш цвет?
R
Ваш цвет - R

#echo $E

$ERR   $EUID

test: test [expr]
    Evaluate conditional expression.
    Exits with a status of 0 (true) or 1 (false) depending on
    the evaluation of EXPR.  Expressions may be unary or binary.  Unary
    expressions are often used to examine the status of a file.  There
    are string operators and numeric comparison operators as well.
    The behavior of test depends on the number of arguments.  Read the
    bash manual page for the complete specification.
    File operators:
      -a FILE        True if file exists.
...
      arg1 OP arg2   Arithmetic tests.  OP is one of -eq, -ne,
                     -lt, -le, -gt, or -ge.
    Arithmetic binary operators return true if ARG1 is equal, not-equal,
    less-than, less-than-or-equal, greater-than, or greater-than-or-equal
    than ARG2.
    See the bash manual page bash(1) for the handling of parameters (i.e.
    missing parameters).
    Exit Status:
    Returns success if EXPR evaluates to true; fails if EXPR evaluates to
    false or an invalid argument is given.

1

-rw-r----- 1 root shadow 1029 Сен  4 10:30 /etc/shadow