Журнал лабораторных работ

Содержание

Журнал

Вторник (05/25/10)

/dev/pts/2
11:56:19
#screen -x
/dev/pts/3
11:56:59
#ps
  PID TTY          TIME CMD
 4585 pts/9    00:00:00 bash
 7304 pts/9    00:00:00 ps
11:57:52
#uname -a
Linux linux4.unix.nt 2.6.26-2-686 #1 SMP Wed May 12 21:56:10 UTC 2010 i686 GNU/Linux
прошло 62 минуты
/dev/pts/11
13:00:19
#view /etc/init.d/asterisk
AST_REALTIME="yes"
RUNASTERISK="yes"
        echo "Asterisk not yet configured. Edit /etc/default/asterisk first."
AST_DUMPexit 0no"
fiT_DUMPCORE_DIR="/var/spool/asterisk" # only used if AST_DUMPCORE != no
# core_pattern. See: http://lxr.linux.no/source/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt
if [ "$AST_REALTIME" != "no" ]
then -r /etc/default/$NAME ]; then . /etc/default/$NAME; fi
  PARAMSPARAMS="$PARAMS -g"
        if [ "$CORE_PATTERN" != '' ]
...
fi
if [ "x$USER" = "x" ]
then
  echo "Error: empty USER name"
  exit 1
fi
if [ `id -u "$USER"` = 0 ]
then
  echo "Starting as root not supported."
  exit 1
/dev/pts/0
13:05:29
#screen -x
/dev/pts/0
13:10:01
#screen -x
прошло 10 минут
/dev/pts/3
13:20:42
#tail -f /var/lib/dhcp3/dhcpd.leases
lease 192.168.4.10 {
  starts 2 2010/05/25 11:20:36;
  ends 2 2010/05/25 11:30:36;
  cltt 2 2010/05/25 11:20:36;
  binding state active;
  next binding state free;
  hardware ethernet 00:1d:60:4a:e6:0b;
  uid "\001\000\035`J\346\013";
  client-hostname "UC-08";
}
lease 192.168.4.11 {
  starts 2 2010/05/25 11:21:12;
  ends 2 2010/05/25 11:31:12;
  cltt 2 2010/05/25 11:21:12;
  binding state active;
  next binding state free;
  hardware ethernet 00:0e:08:dd:77:9f;
  uid "\001\000\016\010\335w\237";
  client-hostname "SipuraSPA";
}
^C
/dev/pts/7
13:21:51
#screen -x
/dev/pts/3
13:21:53
#tail -f /var/lib/dhcp3/dhcpd.leases
lease 192.168.4.11 {
  starts 2 2010/05/25 11:21:12;
  ends 2 2010/05/25 11:31:12;
  cltt 2 2010/05/25 11:21:12;
  binding state active;
  next binding state free;
  hardware ethernet 00:0e:08:dd:77:9f;
  uid "\001\000\016\010\335w\237";
  client-hostname "SipuraSPA";
}
^C
13:21:56
#apt-cache search aster
ace-of-penguins - Solitaire-games with penguin-look
aegis-doc - documentation for aegis
aegis-tk - aegis Tk user interface
aegis-web - aegis web based user interface
aegis - transaction-based software configuration management
aircrack-ng - wireless WEP/WPA cracking utilities
alienblaster-data - Game data for Alien Blaster
alienblaster - Classic 2D shoot 'em up
ld10k1 - ALSA emu10k1/2 patch loader
liblo10k1-0 - ALSA emu10k1/2 patch-loader library
...
apache2-mpm-worker - Apache HTTP Server - high speed threaded model
finch - text-based multi-protocol instant messaging client
krb5-admin-server - MIT Kerberos master server (kadmind)
krb5-kdc - MIT Kerberos key server (KDC)
krb5-kdc-ldap - MIT Kerberos key server (KDC) LDAP plugin
libcupsimage2 - Common UNIX Printing System(tm) - image libs
libcupsimage2-dev - Common UNIX Printing System(tm) - image development files
libimlib2 - powerful image loading and rendering library
libimlib2-dev - Imlib2 development files
openoffice.org-gcj - OpenOffice.orgs Java libraries (native for use with GIJ)
13:24:09
#apt-cache search asterisk
asterisk-mp3 - MP3 format support (format_mp3) for the Asterisk PBX
asterisk-mysql - MySQL support for the Asterisk PBX (cdr mainly)
asterisk-ooh323c - H.323 protocol support for Asterisk (ooh323c stack)
asterisk-chan-capi - Common ISDN API 2.0 implementation for Asterisk
asterisk-oh323 - H.323 protocol support for Asterisk
asterisk-prompt-de - German voice prompts for the Asterisk PBX
asterisk-prompt-es-co - Colombian Spanish voice prompts for Asterisk
asterisk-prompt-fr-armelle - French voice prompts for Asterisk by Armelle Desjardins
asterisk-prompt-fr-proformatique - French voice prompts for Asterisk
asterisk-prompt-fr - French voice prompts for Asterisk
...
asterisk-dev - Development files for Asterisk
asterisk-doc - Source code documentation for Asterisk
asterisk-h323 - H.323 protocol support for Asterisk
asterisk-sounds-main - Core Sound files for Asterisk (English)
asterisk - Open Source Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
libiax-dev - implementation of the Inter-Asterisk eXchange protocol (devel)
libiax0 - implementation of the Inter-Asterisk eXchange protocol
iaxmodem - software modem with IAX2 connectivity
libasterisk-agi-perl - Collections of Perl modules to be used with Asterisk PBX AGI
python-asterisk - Asterisk Manager API interface module for Python
13:24:12
#apt-get install asterisk asterisk-sounds-extra
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  asterisk-config asterisk-sounds-main ca-certificates debhelper gettext html2text
  intltool-debian libasound2 libc-client2007b libcompress-raw-zlib-perl libcompress-zlib-perl
  libcurl3 libdigest-hmac-perl libdigest-sha1-perl libfile-remove-perl libgsm1 libiksemel3
  libio-compress-base-perl libio-compress-zlib-perl libio-stringy-perl libltdl3 libmail-box-perl
  libmail-sendmail-perl libmailtools-perl libmime-types-perl libobject-realize-later-perl
  libogg0 libperl5.10 libpq5 libpri1.0 libradiusclient-ng2 libsensors3 libsnmp-base libsnmp15
...
Setting up libmime-types-perl (1.24-1) ...
Setting up libmailtools-perl (2.03-1) ...
Setting up libobject-realize-later-perl (0.18-1) ...
Setting up liburi-perl (1.35.dfsg.1-1) ...
Setting up libuser-identity-perl (0.92-2) ...
Setting up libmail-box-perl (2.082-2) ...
Setting up libsys-hostname-long-perl (1.4-2) ...
Setting up libmail-sendmail-perl (0.79-5) ...
Setting up module-assistant (0.10.11.0) ...
Setting up vpb-driver-source (4.2.38.1-1) ...
13:26:59
#ls /etc/asterisk/
adsi.conf           cdr_tds.conf     gtalk.conf        modules.conf      say.conf
adtranvofr.conf     codecs.conf      h323.conf         musiconhold.conf  sip.conf
agents.conf         dnsmgr.conf      http.conf         muted.conf        sip_notify.conf
alarmreceiver.conf  dundi.conf       iax.conf          osp.conf          skinny.conf
alsa.conf           enum.conf        iaxprov.conf      oss.conf          sla.conf
amd.conf            esel.conf        indications.conf  phone.conf        smdi.conf
asterisk.adsi       extconfig.conf   jabber.conf       privacy.conf      telcordia-1.adsi
asterisk.conf       extensions.ael   logger.conf       queues.conf       udptl.conf
cdr.conf            extensions.conf  manager.conf      res_odbc.conf     users.conf
cdr_custom.conf     features.conf    manager.d         res_pgsql.conf    voicemail.conf
cdr_manager.conf    festival.conf    meetme.conf       res_snmp.conf     vpb.conf
cdr_odbc.conf       followme.conf    mgcp.conf         rpt.conf          watchdog.conf
cdr_pgsql.conf      func_odbc.conf   misdn.conf        rtp.conf          zapata.conf
13:27:11
#cd /etc/asterisk/

13:27:20
#dpkg -L asterisk
/.
/etc
/etc/asterisk
/etc/logrotate.d
/etc/logrotate.d/asterisk
/etc/default
/etc/default/asterisk
/etc/init.d
/etc/init.d/asterisk
/usr
...
/var/lib/asterisk
/var/lib/asterisk/moh
/var/lib/asterisk/sounds
/var/lib/asterisk/sounds/custom
/var/run
/var/run/asterisk
/usr/share/asterisk/sounds/recordings
/usr/share/asterisk/sounds/custom
/usr/share/man/man8/rasterisk.8.gz
/usr/sbin/rasterisk
/dev/pts/7
13:28:07
#screen -x
/dev/pts/3
13:28:18
#dpkg -L asterisk | less
/dev/pts/11
13:30:13
#fi
invoke-rc.d: syntax error: missing required parameter
13:30:45
#/usr/sbin/invoke-rc.d help
invoke-rc.d: syntax error: missing required parameter
13:30:48
#/usr/sbin/invoke-rc.d
invoke-rc.d: syntax error: missing required parameter, --help assumed
invoke-rc.d, Debian/SysVinit (/etc/rc?.d) initscript subsystem.
Copyright (c) 2000,2001 Henrique de Moraes Holschuh <hmh@debian.org>
Usage:
  invoke-rc.d [options] <basename> <action> [extra parameters]
  basename - Initscript ID, as per update-rc.d(8)
  action   - Initscript action. Known actions are:
                start, [force-]stop, restart,
                [force-]reload, status
  WARNING: not all initscripts implement all of the above actions.
...
     runlevel constrains.
  --query
     Returns one of status codes 100-106, does not run
     the initscript. Implies --disclose-deny and --no-fallback.
  --no-fallback
     Ignores any fallback action requests by the policy layer.
     Warning: this is usually a very *bad* idea for any actions
     other than "start".
  --help
     Outputs help message to stdout
/dev/pts/3
13:31:01
#ls /var/log/asterisk/
cdr-csv  cdr-custom  event_log  messages  queue_log
13:31:04
#ls /var/log/asterisk/cdr-csv/

13:33:25
#ls -l /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf
-rw-r----- 1 asterisk asterisk 22516 2009-12-14 21:08 /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf
13:33:31
#grep -i iax /etc/services
iax             4569/tcp                        # Inter-Asterisk eXchange
iax             4569/udp
прошло 55 минут
/dev/pts/11
14:29:07
#w
 15:32:13 up  4:26, 10 users,  load average: 0.24, 0.27, 0.16
USER     TTY      FROM              LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
user     tty1     -                11:05    2:36m  0.42s  0.02s /bin/login --
root     pts/0    192.168.1.10     14:10    1:21m  0.02s  0.00s script -f -c bash -q /root/.lilalo//123669669743925544-1274785801.script
root     pts/1    192.168.2.1      12:40    2:52m  0.14s  0.00s script -f -c bash -q /root/.lilalo//10582167502763316915-1274780403.script
root     pts/2    192.168.3.10     12:56    2:35m  0.00s  0.00s script -f -c bash -q /root/.lilalo//1025514351265228103-1274781379.script
root     pts/3    192.168.15.100:S 11:38    3:18   0.60s  0.34s script -f -c /bin/bash -q /root/.lilalo//3143732656116602239-1274778623.script
root     pts/7    192.168.15.100   14:28   27:47   0.00s  0.00s script -f -c bash -q /root/.lilalo//13356222121790618630-1274786887.script
root     pts/8    192.168.1.1      12:39   59:08   0.04s  0.00s script -f -c bash -q /root/.lilalo//293534900101561164-1274780384.script
root     pts/11   192.168.4.204    12:42    0.00s  0.00s  0.00s script -f -c bash -q /root/.lilalo//3169393961123414647-1274780536.script
user     pts/15   192.168.4.204    12:41    3:18   0.18s  0.12s script -f -c bash -q /home/user/.lilalo//2883216059260971277-1274780502.script
root     pts/19   192.168.5.1      12:42    1:06m  0.06s  0.00s script -f -c bash -q /root/.lilalo//20848101703193130408-1274780527.script
14:32:13
#vim .lilalo/
14:32:13
#vim .lilalo/3143732656116602239-1274778623.script
14:32:39
# inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo^M

/dev/pts/11
14:38:03
#ls -la .ssh/
total 4
drwx------ 2 root root 1024 2010-05-25 15:37 .
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 1024 2010-05-25 12:14 ..
-rw------- 1 root root  408 2010-05-25 15:37 authorized_keys
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  692 2010-05-25 12:28 known_hosts
14:38:05
#cat .ssh/authorized_keys
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAljO3wMqcXnAejvYUyBYQNjFFYWm8Xu/WQAvgFZJjt/jNy3u9os+30k3akfV4/w2W1UADNoqkZ9KFn5e7NZ0BtUFcm911zaWQV1oTOgTAdY+5EY2pKQxDbLOK4jG24J+LbBR1diJHFhFkotew09YjnwxRwHqlviwJ+ZtcZNb1vBiAggpZAQCPPzo+/ygEsNynaYkbCNVLM04c9/Y6BI3ka3ZWWHCwCPR2BxsoxidFmrkuFW7a13tJ81BjcY1qC7YvZfBgodkpwAi4KUpsnKGhYlTI+XpcxHniNb/6KMQr/CaFu9k6jSrCiKGdcksl1UPcN+KA0ysntBgESe6dqdH/Qw== /data/home/ive/.ssh
14:38:11
#tail -f /var/log/messages
May 25 07:26:12 linux4 dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.4.11 from 00:0e:08:dd:77:9f via eth0
May 25 07:26:12 linux4 dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.4.11 to 00:0e:08:dd:77:9f via eth0
May 25 07:30:35 linux4 dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.4.10 from 00:1d:60:4a:e6:0b (UC-08) via eth0
May 25 07:30:35 linux4 dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.4.10 to 00:1d:60:4a:e6:0b (UC-08) via eth0
May 25 07:31:12 linux4 dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.4.11 from 00:0e:08:dd:77:9f via eth0
May 25 07:31:12 linux4 dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.4.11 to 00:0e:08:dd:77:9f via eth0
May 25 07:35:36 linux4 dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.4.10 from 00:1d:60:4a:e6:0b (UC-08) via eth0
May 25 07:35:36 linux4 dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.4.10 to 00:1d:60:4a:e6:0b (UC-08) via eth0
May 25 07:36:12 linux4 dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.4.11 from 00:0e:08:dd:77:9f via eth0
May 25 07:36:12 linux4 dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.4.11 to 00:0e:08:dd:77:9f via eth0
^C
14:38:40
#tail -f /var/log/
apt/           auth.log       daemon.log     dmesg.0        exim4/         installer/     lpr.log        mail.log       news/          user.log
aptitude       boot           debug          dmesg.1.gz     faillog        kern.log       mail.err       mail.warn      pycentral.log  wtmp
asterisk/      btmp           dmesg          dpkg.log       fsck/          lastlog        mail.info      messages       syslog
14:38:40
#tail -f /var/log/auth.log
May 25 07:37:35 linux4 sshd[12518]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
May 25 07:37:35 linux4 sshd[12518]: Received disconnect from 192.168.4.204: 11: disconnected by user
May 25 07:37:35 linux4 sshd[12518]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session closed for user root
May 25 07:37:39 linux4 sshd[12524]: Public key 89:e8:11:6c:3b:b9:1a:8f:94:ff:73:f9:3a:90:49:f6 from 192.168.4.204 blacklisted (see ssh-vulnkey(1))
May 25 07:37:56 linux4 sshd[12526]: Public key 89:e8:11:6c:3b:b9:1a:8f:94:ff:73:f9:3a:90:49:f6 from 192.168.4.204 blacklisted (see ssh-vulnkey(1))
May 25 07:37:58 linux4 sshd[12526]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=192.168.4.204  user=root
May 25 07:38:00 linux4 sshd[12526]: Failed password for root from 192.168.4.204 port 33049 ssh2
May 25 07:38:02 linux4 sshd[12526]: Accepted password for root from 192.168.4.204 port 33049 ssh2
May 25 07:38:02 linux4 sshd[12526]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
May 25 07:38:35 linux4 sshd[12639]: Public key 89:e8:11:6c:3b:b9:1a:8f:94:ff:73:f9:3a:90:49:f6 from 192.168.4.204 blacklisted (see ssh-vulnkey(1))
^C
14:38:53
#man ssh-vulnkey
14:41:00
#vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
14:41:19
#man sshd.conf
14:41:21
#man sshd_conf
14:41:24
#man sshd
14:41:39
#dpkg -L openssh-server
/.
/usr
/usr/sbin
/usr/sbin/sshd
/usr/lib
/usr/lib/openssh
/usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server
/usr/share
/usr/share/man
/usr/share/man/man5
...
/etc/network
/etc/network/if-up.d
/etc/network/if-up.d/openssh-server
/etc/pam.d
/etc/pam.d/sshd
/etc/default
/etc/default/ssh
/usr/lib/sftp-server
/usr/share/man/man5/authorized_keys.5.gz
/usr/share/doc/openssh-server
14:41:51
#dpkg -L openssh-server |grep man
/usr/share/man
/usr/share/man/man5
/usr/share/man/man5/sshd_config.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man8
/usr/share/man/man8/sftp-server.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/sshd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man5/authorized_keys.5.gz
14:41:59
#man /usr/share/man/man5/sshd_config.5.gz
14:42:23
#vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
--- /tmp/l3-saved-12566.26591.4497	2010-05-25 15:42:34.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/ssh/sshd_config	2010-05-25 15:42:46.000000000 +0300
@@ -75,3 +75,6 @@
 Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server
 
 UsePAM yes
+
+#
+PermitBlacklistedKeys yes
14:42:46
#/etc/init.d/ssh restart
Restarting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshd.
/dev/pts/11
14:42:58
#cd /etc/asterisk/

/dev/pts/3
14:48:46
#ls
adsi.conf           cdr_tds.conf     gtalk.conf        modules.conf      say.conf
adtranvofr.conf     codecs.conf      h323.conf         musiconhold.conf  sip.conf
agents.conf         dnsmgr.conf      http.conf         muted.conf        sip_notify.conf
alarmreceiver.conf  dundi.conf       iax.conf          osp.conf          skinny.conf
alsa.conf           enum.conf        iaxprov.conf      oss.conf          sla.conf
amd.conf            esel.conf        indications.conf  phone.conf        smdi.conf
asterisk.adsi       extconfig.conf   jabber.conf       privacy.conf      telcordia-1.adsi
asterisk.conf       extensions.ael   logger.conf       queues.conf       udptl.conf
cdr.conf            extensions.conf  manager.conf      res_odbc.conf     users.conf
cdr_custom.conf     features.conf    manager.d         res_pgsql.conf    voicemail.conf
cdr_manager.conf    festival.conf    meetme.conf       res_snmp.conf     vpb.conf
cdr_odbc.conf       followme.conf    mgcp.conf         rpt.conf          watchdog.conf
cdr_pgsql.conf      func_odbc.conf   misdn.conf        rtp.conf          zapata.conf
14:49:59
#vim s
14:49:59
#vim sip
14:49:59
#vim sip.conf
14:50:31
#:q!

14:50:53
#ls
adsi.conf           cdr_tds.conf     gtalk.conf        modules.conf      say.conf
adtranvofr.conf     codecs.conf      h323.conf         musiconhold.conf  sip.conf
agents.conf         dnsmgr.conf      http.conf         muted.conf        sip_notify.conf
alarmreceiver.conf  dundi.conf       iax.conf          osp.conf          skinny.conf
alsa.conf           enum.conf        iaxprov.conf      oss.conf          sla.conf
amd.conf            esel.conf        indications.conf  phone.conf        smdi.conf
asterisk.adsi       extconfig.conf   jabber.conf       privacy.conf      telcordia-1.adsi
asterisk.conf       extensions.ael   logger.conf       queues.conf       udptl.conf
cdr.conf            extensions.conf  manager.conf      res_odbc.conf     users.conf
cdr_custom.conf     features.conf    manager.d         res_pgsql.conf    voicemail.conf
cdr_manager.conf    festival.conf    meetme.conf       res_snmp.conf     vpb.conf
cdr_odbc.conf       followme.conf    mgcp.conf         rpt.conf          watchdog.conf
cdr_pgsql.conf      func_odbc.conf   misdn.conf        rtp.conf          zapata.conf
/dev/pts/11
14:52:08
#ls
adsi.conf           cdr.conf          dundi.conf       followme.conf     jabber.conf   musiconhold.conf  res_pgsql.conf   sla.conf          zapata.conf
adtranvofr.conf     cdr_custom.conf   enum.conf        func_odbc.conf    logger.conf   muted.conf        res_snmp.conf    smdi.conf
agents.conf         cdr_manager.conf  esel.conf        gtalk.conf        manager.conf  osp.conf          rpt.conf         telcordia-1.adsi
alarmreceiver.conf  cdr_odbc.conf     extconfig.conf   h323.conf         manager.d     oss.conf          rtp.conf         udptl.conf
alsa.conf           cdr_pgsql.conf    extensions.ael   http.conf         meetme.conf   phone.conf        say.conf         users.conf
amd.conf            cdr_tds.conf      extensions.conf  iax.conf          mgcp.conf     privacy.conf      sip.conf         voicemail.conf
asterisk.adsi       codecs.conf       features.conf    iaxprov.conf      misdn.conf    queues.conf       sip_notify.conf  vpb.conf
asterisk.conf       dnsmgr.conf       festival.conf    indications.conf  modules.conf  res_odbc.conf     skinny.conf      watchdog.conf
14:53:11
#cp sip.conf sip.conf.bak

14:53:19
#vim sip.conf
14:58:25
#;mohsuggest=default
adsi.conf           cdr.conf          dundi.conf       followme.conf     jabber.conf   musiconhold.conf  res_pgsql.conf   skinny.conf       watchdog.conf
adtranvofr.conf     cdr_custom.conf   enum.conf        func_odbc.conf    logger.conf   muted.conf        res_snmp.conf    sla.conf          zapata.conf
agents.conf         cdr_manager.conf  esel.conf        gtalk.conf        manager.conf  osp.conf          rpt.conf         smdi.conf
alarmreceiver.conf  cdr_odbc.conf     extconfig.conf   h323.conf         manager.d     oss.conf          rtp.conf         telcordia-1.adsi
alsa.conf           cdr_pgsql.conf    extensions.ael   http.conf         meetme.conf   phone.conf        say.conf         udptl.conf
amd.conf            cdr_tds.conf      extensions.conf  iax.conf          mgcp.conf     privacy.conf      sip.conf         users.conf
asterisk.adsi       codecs.conf       features.conf    iaxprov.conf      misdn.conf    queues.conf       sip.conf.bak     voicemail.conf
asterisk.conf       dnsmgr.conf       festival.conf    indications.conf  modules.conf  res_odbc.conf     sip_notify.conf  vpb.conf
14:58:26
#>sip.conf

14:58:36
#vim sip.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-12965.15423.26919	2010-05-25 15:58:37.000000000 +0300
+++ sip.conf	2010-05-25 16:05:08.000000000 +0300
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+context=default
+
+[401]
+type=friend
+secret=password
+host=dynamic
+
+[402]
+type=friend
+secret=password
+host=dynamic
+
15:05:08
#/etc/init.d/asterisk start
Asterisk PBX is already running. Use restart.
15:05:19
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
15:05:21
#asterisk -r
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
Connected to Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1 currently running on linux4 (pid = 13388)
linux4*CLI> quit
15:05:46
#asterisk -rvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
      zap destroy channel  Destroy a channel
              zap restart  Fully restart zaptel channels
        zap show cadences  List cadences
        zap show channels  Show active zapata channels
         zap show channel  Show information on a channel
          zap show status  Show all Zaptel cards status
linux4*CLI> sip show peers
No such command 'sip show peers' (type 'help sip show' for other possible commands)
linux4*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
15:07:06
#less /var/log/asterisk/
15:07:06
#less /var/log/asterisk/messages
15:07:22
#vim sip
15:07:27
#~
[401]
type=friend
secret=password
host=dynamic
~
~
~
~
~
~
...
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
"sip.conf" 13L, 123C written
15:08:03
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
15:08:08
#asterisk -rvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
Verbosity was 0 and is now 2
linux4*CLI> sip show peers
Name/username              Host            Dyn Nat ACL Port     Status
402                        (Unspecified)    D          0        Unmonitored
401                        (Unspecified)    D          0        Unmonitored
2 sip peers [Monitored: 0 online, 0 offline Unmonitored: 0 online, 2 offline]
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
15:08:45
#asterisk -rvx 'sip show'
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
Connected to Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1 currently running on linux4 (pid = 13553)
No such command 'sip show' (type 'help sip show' for other possible commands)
Executing last minute cleanups
15:08:52
#asterisk -rvx 'sip show peers'
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
Connected to Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1 currently running on linux4 (pid = 13553)
Name/username              Host            Dyn Nat ACL Port     Status
402                        (Unspecified)    D          0        Unmonitored
401                        (Unspecified)    D          0        Unmonitored
2 sip peers [Monitored: 0 online, 0 offline Unmonitored: 0 online, 2 offline]
Executing last minute cleanups
15:08:57
#asterisk -rvx 'sip show peers'
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
Connected to Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1 currently running on linux4 (pid = 13553)
Name/username              Host            Dyn Nat ACL Port     Status
402                        (Unspecified)    D          0        Unmonitored
401                        (Unspecified)    D          0        Unmonitored
2 sip peers [Monitored: 0 online, 0 offline Unmonitored: 0 online, 2 offline]
Executing last minute cleanups
15:11:36
#asterisk -rvx 'sip show peers'
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
Connected to Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1 currently running on linux4 (pid = 13553)
Name/username              Host            Dyn Nat ACL Port     Status
402                        (Unspecified)    D          0        Unmonitored
401                        (Unspecified)    D          0        Unmonitored
2 sip peers [Monitored: 0 online, 0 offline Unmonitored: 0 online, 2 offline]
Executing last minute cleanups
15:11:39
#asterisk -rvx 'sip show peers'
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
Connected to Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1 currently running on linux4 (pid = 13553)
Name/username              Host            Dyn Nat ACL Port     Status
402                        (Unspecified)    D          0        Unmonitored
401/401                    192.168.4.11     D          5060     Unmonitored
2 sip peers [Monitored: 0 online, 0 offline Unmonitored: 1 online, 1 offline]
Executing last minute cleanups
15:13:36
#vim extensions.conf.bak
15:13:49
#; the AEL file, instead of the extensions.conf file. With clearglobalvars

/dev/pts/0
15:15:09
#vim /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-13799.28132.12600	2010-05-25 16:15:20.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf	2010-05-25 16:19:24.000000000 +0300
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+[default]
+
+exten =>8000,1,Answer
+exten =>8000,n,Wait(1)
+exten =>8000,n,Playback(demo_thanks)
+
15:21:25
#asterisk -rvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
Connected to Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1 currently running on linux4 (pid = 13553)
Verbosity is at least 2
linux4*CLI> dialplan reload
Dialplan reloaded.
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/extensions.conf': Found
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/users.conf': Found
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
15:22:04
#les /var/log/asterisk/messages
bash: les: command not found
15:22:25
#date
Tue May 25 16:22:26 EEST 2010
15:22:49
#asterisk -rvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI>
[May 25 16:23:14] WARNING[13969]: file.c:602 ast_openstream_full: File demo_thanks does not exist in any format
[May 25 16:23:14] WARNING[13969]: file.c:912 ast_streamfile: Unable to open demo_thanks (format 0x4 (ulaw)): No such file or directory
[May 25 16:23:14] WARNING[13969]: app_playback.c:439 playback_exec: ast_streamfile failed on SIP/401-0818b1e8 for demo_thanks
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
15:23:33
#locate demo
locate: can not open `/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db': No such file or directory
15:23:39
#update
update-alternatives         update-inetd
update-ca-certificates      update-initramfs
updatedb                    update-ispell-dictionary
updatedb.mlocate            update-locale
update-default-aspell       update-mime
update-default-ispell       update-modules
update-default-wordlist     update-openoffice-dicts
update-dictcommon-aspell    update-passwd
update-exim4.conf           update-pciids
update-exim4.conf.template  update-rc.d
update-exim4defaults        update-usbids
update-grub
15:23:39
#updatedb &
[1] 13986
15:23:55
#viccd /
[1]+  Done                    updatedb
15:24:02
#cd /etc/asterisk/

15:24:09
#vim extensions.
15:24:13
#~
exten =>8000,1,Answer
exten =>8000,n,Wait(1)
~
~                           -
~
~
~
~
~
~
...
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
"extensions.conf" 6L, 94C written
15:24:19
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
15:24:25
#asterisk -rvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/asterisk.conf': Found
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/extconfig.conf': Found
Connected to Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1 currently running on linux4 (pid = 14104)
Verbosity was 0 and is now 2
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI>
linux4*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
15:24:53
#asterisk -rvvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
    -- Executing [8000@default:2] Wait("SIP/401-081cb5a8", "1") in new stack
    -- Executing [8000@default:3] Playback("SIP/401-081cb5a8", "demo-thanks") in new stack
    -- <SIP/401-081cb5a8> Playing 'demo-thanks' (language 'en')
  == Auto fallthrough, channel 'SIP/401-081cb5a8' status is 'UNKNOWN'
linux4*CLI> locate thanks
No such command 'locate thanks' (type 'help locate thanks' for other possible commands)
linux4*CLI> slocate thanks
No such command 'slocate thanks' (type 'help slocate thanks' for other possible commands)
linux4*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
15:25:43
#screen -ls
15:25:53
#screen
/dev/pts/2
15:25:56
#asterisk -rvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3+lenny1, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
[May 25 17:41:26] WARNING[14127]: chan_sip.c:8505 check_auth: username mismatch, have <crimea>, digest has <kharkov>
[May 25 17:41:26] NOTICE[14127]: chan_sip.c:14377 handle_request_invite: Failed to authenticate user "VoIP phone" <sip:501@192.168.5.1>;tag=as38633c07
linux4*CLI> sip reload
 Reloading SIP
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/sip.conf': Found
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/users.conf': Found
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/sip_notify.conf': Found
[May 25 17:41:28] WARNING[14127]: chan_sip.c:12627 handle_response_register: Got 404 Not found on SIP register to service kharkov-in@192.168.3.1, giving up
[May 25 17:41:28] WARNING[14127]: chan_sip.c:12627 handle_response_register: Got 404 Not found on SIP register to service kharkov@192.168.1.1, giving up
linux4*CLI> sip reload
/dev/pts/4
15:25:57
#vim extensions.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-14304.11275.20369	2010-05-25 16:35:18.000000000 +0300
+++ extensions.conf	2010-05-25 16:38:50.000000000 +0300
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 [default]
 
-exten =>8000,1,Answer
-exten =>8000,n,Wait(1)
-exten =>8000,n,Playback(demo-thanks)
+exten => 8000,1,Answer
+exten => 8000,n,Wait(1)
+exten => 8000,n,Playback(demo-thanks)
 
+#exten => 401,1,Dial(SIP/401)
+exten => _4XX,1,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN})
_ - подчеркивание означает начало шаблона
/dev/pts/6
15:28:28
#cd /etc/asterisk/

15:28:33
#ls e*
enum.conf  esel.conf  extconfig.conf  extensions.ael  extensions.conf  extensions.conf.bak
прошло 10 минут
/dev/pts/4
15:39:17
#fg
[default]
exten => 8000,1,Answer
exten => 8000,n,Wait(1)
exten => 8000,n,Playback(demo-thanks)
~
~
~
~
~
~
...
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
15:41:16
#vim sip.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-14304.16667.16026	2010-05-25 16:41:24.000000000 +0300
+++ sip.conf	2010-05-25 16:42:02.000000000 +0300
@@ -5,9 +5,11 @@
 type=friend
 secret=password
 host=dynamic
+callerid="LinkSys phone"
 
 [402]
 type=friend
 secret=password
 host=dynamic
+callerid="Softphone Windows"
 
15:42:02
#vim sip.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-14304.17612.23858	2010-05-25 16:43:08.000000000 +0300
+++ sip.conf	2010-05-25 16:43:19.000000000 +0300
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 type=friend
 secret=password
 host=dynamic
-callerid="LinkSys phone"
+callerid="LinkSys phone + русский"
 
 [402]
 type=friend
15:43:19
#vim sip.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-14304.21479.9072	2010-05-25 16:44:04.000000000 +0300
+++ sip.conf	2010-05-25 16:44:15.000000000 +0300
@@ -11,5 +11,5 @@
 type=friend
 secret=password
 host=dynamic
-callerid="Softphone Windows"
+callerid="Softphone Windows + русс"
 
15:44:15
#vim sip.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-14304.28925.6688	2010-05-25 16:44:34.000000000 +0300
+++ sip.conf	2010-05-25 16:44:50.000000000 +0300
@@ -11,5 +11,5 @@
 type=friend
 secret=password
 host=dynamic
-callerid="Softphone Windows + русс"
+callerid="Soft_Win + русс"
 
15:45:23
#jobs

Файлы

  • .ssh/authorized_keys
  • .ssh/authorized_keys
    >
    ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAljO3wMqcXnAejvYUyBYQNjFFYWm8Xu/WQAvgFZJjt/jNy3u9os+30k3akfV4/w2W1UADNoqkZ9KFn5e7NZ0BtUFcm911zaWQV1oTOgTAdY+5EY2pKQxDbLOK4jG24J+LbBR1diJHFhFkotew09YjnwxRwHqlviwJ+ZtcZNb1vBiAggpZAQCPPzo+/ygEsNynaYkbCNVLM04c9/Y6BI3ka3ZWWHCwCPR2BxsoxidFmrkuFW7a13tJ81BjcY1qC7YvZfBgodkpwAi4KUpsnKGhYlTI+XpcxHniNb/6KMQr/CaFu9k6jSrCiKGdcksl1UPcN+KA0ysntBgESe6dqdH/Qw== /data/home/ive/.ssh
    

    Статистика

    Время первой команды журнала11:56:19 2010- 5-25
    Время последней команды журнала15:45:23 2010- 5-25
    Количество командных строк в журнале100
    Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, %18.00
    Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % 0.00
    Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час 1.85
    Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин 0.90
    Частота использования команд
    vim18|=================| 17.31%
    asterisk13|============| 12.50%
    ls9|========| 8.65%
    screen7|======| 6.73%
    man5|====| 4.81%
    tail5|====| 4.81%
    dpkg4|===| 3.85%
    /etc/init.d/asterisk4|===| 3.85%
    cd4|===| 3.85%
    less3|==| 2.88%
    ~2|=| 1.92%
    invoke-rc.d2|=| 1.92%
    grep2|=| 1.92%
    apt-cache2|=| 1.92%
    update1|| 0.96%
    fg1|| 0.96%
    mohsuggest=default1|| 0.96%
    sip.conf1|| 0.96%
    cp1|| 0.96%
    :q!1|| 0.96%
    #^1|| 0.96%
    cat1|| 0.96%
    apt-get1|| 0.96%
    updatedb1|| 0.96%
    /etc/init.d/ssh1|| 0.96%
    viccd1|| 0.96%
    w1|| 0.96%
    ps1|| 0.96%
    fi1|| 0.96%
    >1|| 0.96%
    locate1|| 0.96%
    inet1|| 0.96%
    view1|| 0.96%
    jobs1|| 0.96%
    date1|| 0.96%
    uname1|| 0.96%
    les1|| 0.96%
    the1|| 0.96%
    ____
    *) Интервалы неактивности длительностью 30 минут и более не учитываются

    Справка

    Для того чтобы использовать LiLaLo, не нужно знать ничего особенного: всё происходит само собой. Однако, чтобы ведение и последующее использование журналов было как можно более эффективным, желательно иметь в виду следующее:
    1. В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.

    2. Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.

    3. Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
      $ l s-l
      bash: l: command not found
      

    4. Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
      $ test 5 -lt 4
      Обратите внимание на то, что код завершения команды может быть отличен от нуля не только в тех случаях, когда команда была выполнена с ошибкой. Многие команды используют код завершения, например, для того чтобы показать результаты проверки

    5. Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
      $ find / -name abc
      find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung
      ^C
      

    6. Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
      # id
      uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root)
      

    7. Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
      $ vi ~/.bashrc
      2a3,5
      >    if [ -f /usr/local/etc/bash_completion ]; then
      >         . /usr/local/etc/bash_completion
      >        fi
      

    8. Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
      $ patch ~/.bashrc
      В данном случае изменения применяются к файлу ~/.bashrc

    9. Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.

      Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.

    10. Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.

    11. Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора

    12. Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.

    13. Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.

    14. Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:

      $ whoami
      
      user
      
      $ #^ Интересно, кто я?
      
      в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
      $ whoami
      
      user
      
      Интересно, кто я?

    15. Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:

      $ whoami
      
      user
      
      $ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
      
      Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым 
      мы зарегистрировались в системе.
      -
      Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении 
      в этом мире.
      
      В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
      $ whoami
      user
      
      Интересно, кто я?
      Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым
      мы зарегистрировались в системе.

      Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении
      в этом мире.
      Для разделения нескольких абзацев между собой используйте символ "-", один в строке.

    16. Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=

    17. Содержимое файла может быть показано в журнале. Для этого его нужно вывести с помощью программы cat. Если вывод команды отметить симоволами #!, содержимое файла будет показано в журнале в специально отведённой для этого секции.
    18. Для того чтобы вставить скриншот интересующего вас окна в журнал, нужно воспользоваться командой l3shot. После того как команда вызвана, нужно с помощью мыши выбрать окно, которое должно быть в журнале.
    19. Команды в журнале расположены в хронологическом порядке. Если две команды давались одна за другой, но на разных терминалах, в журнале они будут рядом, даже если они не имеют друг к другу никакого отношения.
      1
          2
      3   
          4
      
      Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.

    О программе

    LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
    Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
    (c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008

    $Id$