/l3/users/andrew/nt-lnet/linux1.linux.nt/user :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 |
|
#apt-get install rinetd
Чтение списков пакетов... Готово Построение дерева зависимостей... Готово НОВЫЕ пакеты, которые будут установлены: rinetd обновлено 0, установлено 1 новых пакетов, для удаления отмечено 0 пакетов, и 100 пакетов не обновлено. Необходимо скачать 22,7kБ архивов. После распаковки объем занятого дискового пространства возрастёт на 143kB. Получено:1 http://debian.org.ua etch/main rinetd 0.62-5 [22,7kB] Получено 22,7kB за 0s (112kB/c) Выбор ранее не выбранного пакета rinetd. (Чтение базы данных... на данный момент установлено 86886 файлов и каталогов.) Распаковывается пакет rinetd (из файла .../rinetd_0.62-5_i386.deb)... Настраивается пакет rinetd (0.62-5) ... Starting internet redirection server: rinetd. |
#vi /etc/rinetd.conf
|
#rinetd
|
#ps -ax
Warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See http://procps.sf.net/faq.html PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 1 ? Ss 0:01 init [2] 2 ? S 0:00 [migration/0] 3 ? SN 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0] 4 ? S< 0:00 [events/0] 5 ? S< 0:00 [khelper] 6 ? S< 0:00 [kthread] 8 ? S< 0:00 [kblockd/0] 9 ? S< 0:00 [kacpid] ... 8368 ? Ss 0:00 (ncsa_auth) /etc/squid/passwd 8369 ? Ss 0:00 (ncsa_auth) /etc/squid/passwd 8370 ? Ss 0:00 (ncsa_auth) /etc/squid/passwd 8371 ? Ss 0:00 (ncsa_auth) /etc/squid/passwd 8553 ? Ss 0:00 /sbin/mgetty -x9 -s 38400 -m "" ATC10=00 ttyS0 18793 ? Ssl 0:00 /usr/sbin/named -u bind 22238 ? Ss 0:29 l3-agent 22749 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/rinetd 23108 ? Ss 0:00 rinetd 23128 pts/6 R+ 0:00 ps -ax |
#cat /var/log/daemon.log
Oct 25 20:12:16 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:16 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:26 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:26 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:26 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:26 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:36 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:36 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:36 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:36 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied ... Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone andrew.linux.nt/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone wdw.linux.nt/IN: loaded serial 2006102500 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: running Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone 17.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: sending notifies (serial 2) Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone 16.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: sending notifies (serial 2006101102) Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: client 192.168.17.2#32793: received notify for zone '17.168.192.in-addr.arpa' Oct 25 17:29:55 host1 named[24375]: zone 18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: refresh: non-authoritative answer from master 192.168.18.2#53 (source 0.0.0.0#0) Oct 25 17:30:44 host1 named[24375]: zone 18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: refresh: non-authoritative answer from master 192.168.18.2#53 (source 0.0.0.0#0) Oct 25 17:31:01 host1 named[24375]: client 192.168.17.1#34234: zone transfer 'andrew.linux.nt/AXFR/IN' denied |
#cat /etc/rinetd.conf
# you may specify allow and deny rules after a specific forwarding rule # to apply to only that forwarding rule # # bindadress bindport connectaddress connectport 192.168.17.2 777 192.168.15.15 22 # logging information logfile /var/log/rinetd.log # uncomment the following line if you want web-server style logfile format # logcommon |
#cat /etc/bind/named.conf
// From the release notes: // Because many of our users are uncomfortable receiving undelegated answers // from root or top level domains, other than a few for whom that behaviour // has been trusted and expected for quite some length of time, we have now // introduced the "root-delegations-only" feature which applies delegation-only // logic to all top level domains, and to the root domain. An exception list // should be specified, including "MUSEUM" and "DE", and any other top level // domains from whom undelegated responses are expected and trusted. // root-delegation-only exclude { "DE"; "MUSEUM"; }; include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local"; |
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
|
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
|
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
|
#/etc/init.d/bind9 restart
Stopping domain name service...: bind. Starting domain name service...: bind. |
#tail -f /var/log/daemon.log
Oct 26 10:44:52 host1 named[25407]: zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 26 10:44:52 host1 named[25407]: zone andrew.linux.nt/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 26 10:44:52 host1 named[25407]: zone vlad.linux.nt/IN: has 0 SOA records Oct 26 10:44:52 host1 named[25407]: zone vlad.linux.nt/IN: has no NS records Oct 26 10:44:52 host1 named[25407]: zone vlad.linux.nt/IN: saved 'db.vlad.linux.nt' as 'db-mbSZfrL8' Oct 26 10:44:52 host1 named[25407]: zone wdw.linux.nt/IN: loaded serial 2006102500 Oct 26 10:44:52 host1 named[25407]: running Oct 26 10:44:52 host1 named[25407]: zone 17.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: sending notifies (serial 2) Oct 26 10:44:52 host1 named[25407]: zone 16.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: sending notifies (serial 2006101102) Oct 26 10:44:52 host1 named[25407]: client 192.168.17.2#32809: received notify for zone '17.168.192.in-addr.arpa' ... Oct 26 10:45:23 host1 named[25407]: transfer of '18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN' from 192.168.18.2#53: failed to connect: connection refused Oct 26 10:45:23 host1 named[25407]: transfer of '18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN' from 192.168.18.2#53: end of transfer Oct 26 10:46:10 host1 named[25407]: zone vlad.linux.nt/IN: refresh: retry limit for master 192.168.18.2#53 exceeded (source 0.0.0.0#0) Oct 26 10:46:10 host1 named[25407]: zone vlad.linux.nt/IN: Transfer started. Oct 26 10:46:10 host1 named[25407]: transfer of 'vlad.linux.nt/IN' from 192.168.18.2#53: failed to connect: connection refused Oct 26 10:46:10 host1 named[25407]: transfer of 'vlad.linux.nt/IN' from 192.168.18.2#53: end of transfer Oct 26 10:46:11 host1 named[25407]: zone 18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: refresh: retry limit for master 192.168.18.2#53 exceeded (source 0.0.0.0#0) Oct 26 10:46:11 host1 named[25407]: zone 18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: Transfer started. Oct 26 10:46:11 host1 named[25407]: transfer of '18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN' from 192.168.18.2#53: failed to connect: connection refused Oct 26 10:46:11 host1 named[25407]: transfer of '18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN' from 192.168.18.2#53: end of transfer |
#nslookup wdw.linux.nt
Server: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 *** Can't find wdw.linux.nt: No answer |
#nslookup host1.wdw.linux.nt
Server: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 ** server can't find host1.wdw.linux.ntwdw.linux.nt: NXDOMAIN |
#nslookup host1.wdw.linux.nt
Server: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 Name: host1.wdw.linux.nt Address: 192.168.16.2 |
#nslookup host2.wdw.linux.nt
Server: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 Name: host2.wdw.linux.nt Address: 192.168.16.3 |
#nslookup 192.168.16.2
Server: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 2.16.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = host1.wdw.linux.nt. |
#nslookup 192.168.16.3
Server: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 3.16.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = host2.wdw.linux.nt. |
#nslookup 192.168.17.2
Password: Linux linux.nt 2.6.15.2 #1 SMP PREEMPT Fri May 19 14:19:01 EEST 2006 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. eto motd.tail You have mail. Last login: Thu Oct 26 10:39:48 2006 from 192.168.17.2 user@linux:~$ sc Server: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 2.17.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = host1.andrew.linux.nt. |
#nslookup 192.168.17.3
Password: Linux linux.nt 2.6.15.2 #1 SMP PREEMPT Fri May 19 14:19:01 EEST 2006 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. eto motd.tail You have mail. Last login: Thu Oct 26 10:47:37 2006 from 192.168.16.2 user@linux:~$ Server: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 3.17.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = host2.andrew.linux.nt. |
#nslookup host1.wdw
Server: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 ** server can't find host1.wdw: NXDOMAIN |
#nslookup host1
Server: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 Name: host1.andrew.linux.nt Address: 192.168.17.2 |
#nslookup host2
Server: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 Name: host2.andrew.linux.nt Address: 192.168.17.3 |
#nslookup localhost
From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=25 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=26 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=28 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=29 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=30 Destination Host Unreachable Server: 127.0.0.1 Address: 127.0.0.1#53 Name: localhost Address: 127.0.0.1 |
#ping 192.168.18.1
From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=347 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=348 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=349 Destination Host Unreachable PING 192.168.18.1 (192.168.18.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.18.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.273 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.18.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.229 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.18.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.236 ms --- 192.168.18.1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.229/0.246/0.273/0.019 ms |
#ping 192.168.18.2
From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=360 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=363 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=366 Destination Host Unreachable PING 192.168.18.2 (192.168.18.2) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.18.1 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable --- 192.168.18.2 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 4000ms , pipe 2 |
#ls /etc/
dhcp3 java passwd update-notifier dictd kde3 passwd- vga dictionaries-common kernel-img.conf perl vim discover.conf ldap pinforc w3m discover.conf-2.6 ld.so.cache pmount.allow wgetrc discover.conf.d ld.so.conf ppp wodim discover.d ld.so.conf.d pptpd.conf X11 dm ld.so.hwcappkgs printcap xdg dpkg libao.conf profile xinetd.conf emacs libgda protocols xinetd.d email-addresses libpaper.d python xml |
#ls -al /etc/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-09-11 23:37 update-notifier drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2002-01-11 14:33 vga drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2002-01-11 14:28 vim drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2002-01-11 14:32 w3m -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4221 2006-06-28 19:41 wgetrc drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2002-01-11 14:26 wodim drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 1024 2006-10-20 15:54 X11 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 1024 2002-01-11 14:27 xdg -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1439 2006-10-24 12:48 xinetd.conf drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-10-25 11:47 xinetd.d drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2002-01-11 14:34 xml |
#ls
0.17.168.192 db.255 named.conf andrew.linux.nt db.empty named.conf.local db.0 db.expert.linux.nt named.conf.options db.127 db.local rndc.key db.16.168.192.in-addr-arpa db.root zones.rfc1918 db.18.168.192.in-addr-arpa db.wdw.linux.nt |
#cd /
|
#ls
bin home lib64 opt sys vmlinuz.old boot initrd lost+found proc tmp cdrom initrd.img media root usr dev initrd.img.old mnt sbin var etc lib openmotif2.1.30.tar.gz srv vmlinuz |
#ls -al
итого 17416 drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 1024 2006-10-24 13:33 . drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 1024 2006-10-24 13:33 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 2002-01-11 15:04 bin drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2002-01-11 15:06 boot lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 2002-01-11 14:12 cdrom -> media/cdrom drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 13720 2006-10-25 19:30 dev drwxr-xr-x 110 root root 4096 2006-10-26 10:40 etc drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 1024 2006-10-25 13:30 home drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2002-01-11 14:14 initrd ... dr-xr-xr-x 152 root root 0 2006-10-25 19:29 proc drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 1024 2006-10-26 10:44 root drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 3072 2006-10-21 12:39 sbin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2002-01-11 14:14 srv drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 0 2006-10-25 19:29 sys drwxrwxrwt 14 root root 4096 2006-10-26 10:48 tmp drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 4096 2002-01-11 14:24 usr drwxr-xr-x 16 root root 4096 2006-10-18 00:20 var lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2002-01-11 15:05 vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.17-2-686 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2002-01-11 14:16 vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.16-2-686 |
#df -h
Файловая система Разм Исп Дост Исп% смонтирована на /dev/hda1 894M 209M 638M 25% / udev 10M 68K 10M 1% /dev devshm 503M 0 503M 0% /dev/shm /dev/hda8 1,8G 79M 1,6G 5% /home /dev/hda6 4,6G 129M 4,3G 3% /tmp /dev/hda9 9,2G 1,8G 7,0G 21% /usr /dev/hda7 4,6G 941M 3,5G 22% /var |
#ls -al
итого 17416 drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 1024 2006-10-24 13:33 . drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 1024 2006-10-24 13:33 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 2002-01-11 15:04 bin drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2002-01-11 15:06 boot lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 2002-01-11 14:12 cdrom -> media/cdrom drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 13720 2006-10-25 19:30 dev drwxr-xr-x 110 root root 4096 2006-10-26 10:40 etc drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 1024 2006-10-25 13:30 home drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2002-01-11 14:14 initrd ... dr-xr-xr-x 154 root root 0 2006-10-25 19:29 proc drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 1024 2006-10-26 10:44 root drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 3072 2006-10-21 12:39 sbin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2002-01-11 14:14 srv drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 0 2006-10-25 19:29 sys drwxrwxrwt 14 root root 4096 2006-10-26 10:48 tmp drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 4096 2002-01-11 14:24 usr drwxr-xr-x 16 root root 4096 2006-10-18 00:20 var lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2002-01-11 15:05 vmlinuz -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.17-2-686 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2002-01-11 14:16 vmlinuz.old -> boot/vmlinuz-2.6.16-2-686 |
#ls /srv/
|
#ls -alh /srv/
итого 2,0K drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1,0K 2002-01-11 14:14 . drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 1,0K 2006-10-24 13:33 .. |
#ls -alh /opt
итого 2,0K drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1,0K 2002-01-11 14:14 . drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 1,0K 2006-10-24 13:33 .. |
#du /boot/
168 /boot/grub 12552 /boot/ |
#du -sh
13M /boot/ |
#vi /tmp/11
|
#dpkg -l CPAN | less
|
#dpkg -l perl | less
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#dpkg -l cpan | less
|
#perl
|
#perl -MCPAN -e shell
12:17:10 (3.22 KB/s) - `-' сохранён [158770] Now we need to know where your favorite CPAN sites are located. Push a few sites onto the array (just in case the first on the array won't work). If you are mirroring CPAN to your local workstation, specify a file: URL. First, pick a nearby continent and country (you can pick several of each, separated by spaces, or none if you just want to keep your existing selections). Then, you will be presented with a list of URLs of CPAN mirrors in the countries you selected, along with previously selected URLs. Select some of those URLs, or just keep the old list. ... Caught SIGINT Going to read /root/.cpan/sources/authors/01mailrc.txt.gz Warning: Cannot install MIME-Base64, don't know what it is. Try the command i /MIME-Base64/ to find objects with matching identifiers. Got another SIGINT cpan> quit Terminal does not support GetHistory. Lockfile removed. |
#cat /etc/bind/andrew.linux.nt
$TTL 1d @ IN SOA host1.andrew.linux.nt. root.host1.andrew.linux.nt. ( 1 ; Serial 604800 ; Refresh 86400 ; Retry 2419200 ; Expire 604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL @ IN NS host1.andrew.linux.nt. MX 10 mx.andrew.linux.nt. mx IN A 192.168.17.2 host1 IN A 192.168.17.2 host2 IN A 192.168.17.3 pop3 CNAME host1 smtp CNAME host1 |
#bc
bc 1.06 Copyright 1991-1994, 1997, 1998, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. For details type `warranty'. 68*20 1360 quit |
$TTL 1d @ IN SOA host1.andrew.linux.nt. root.host1.andrew.linux.nt. ( 1 ; Serial 604800 ; Refresh 86400 ; Retry 2419200 ; Expire 604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL @ IN NS host1.andrew.linux.nt. MX 10 mx.andrew.linux.nt. mx IN A 192.168.17.2 host1 IN A 192.168.17.2 host2 IN A 192.168.17.3 pop3 CNAME host1 smtp CNAME host1
// From the release notes: // Because many of our users are uncomfortable receiving undelegated answers // from root or top level domains, other than a few for whom that behaviour // has been trusted and expected for quite some length of time, we have now // introduced the "root-delegations-only" feature which applies delegation-only // logic to all top level domains, and to the root domain. An exception list // should be specified, including "MUSEUM" and "DE", and any other top level // domains from whom undelegated responses are expected and trusted. // root-delegation-only exclude { "DE"; "MUSEUM"; }; include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local";
# you may specify allow and deny rules after a specific forwarding rule # to apply to only that forwarding rule # # bindadress bindport connectaddress connectport 192.168.17.2 777 192.168.15.15 22 # logging information logfile /var/log/rinetd.log # uncomment the following line if you want web-server style logfile format # logcommon
Oct 25 20:12:16 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:16 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:26 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:26 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:26 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:26 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:36 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:36 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:36 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:36 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:47 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:47 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:47 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:47 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:57 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:57 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:57 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:12:57 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:07 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:07 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:07 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:07 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:17 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:17 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:17 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:17 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:27 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:27 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:27 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:27 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:37 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:37 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:37 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:37 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:47 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:47 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:47 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:47 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:57 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:57 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:57 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:13:57 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:07 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:07 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:07 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:07 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:17 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:17 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:17 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:17 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:27 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:27 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:27 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:27 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:31 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query '2.17.168.192.in-addr.arpa/PTR/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:37 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:37 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:37 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:37 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:47 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:47 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:47 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:47 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:57 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:57 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:57 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:14:57 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:07 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:07 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:07 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:07 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:18 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:18 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:18 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:18 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:28 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:28 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:28 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:28 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:39 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:39 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query (cache) 'xgu.ru/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:39 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:39 host1 named[17523]: client 127.0.0.1#32790: query 'xgu.ru.andrew.linux.nt/A/IN' denied Oct 25 20:15:40 host1 named[17523]: shutting down: flushing changes Oct 25 20:15:40 host1 named[17523]: stopping command channel on 127.0.0.1#953 Oct 25 20:15:40 host1 named[17523]: stopping command channel on ::1#953 Oct 25 20:15:40 host1 named[17523]: no longer listening on ::#53 Oct 25 20:15:40 host1 named[17523]: no longer listening on 127.0.0.1#53 Oct 25 20:15:40 host1 named[17523]: no longer listening on 192.168.17.2#53 Oct 25 20:15:40 host1 named[17523]: exiting Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: starting BIND 9.3.2-P1 -u bind Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: found 1 CPU, using 1 worker thread Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: loading configuration from '/etc/bind/named.conf' Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: listening on IPv6 interfaces, port 53 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: listening on IPv4 interface lo, 127.0.0.1#53 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: listening on IPv4 interface eth0, 192.168.17.2#53 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: command channel listening on ::1#953 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: zone 0.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: zone 127.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: zone 16.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 2006101102 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: zone 17.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 2 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: zone 255.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: zone andrew.linux.nt/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: zone wdw.linux.nt/IN: loaded serial 2006102500 Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: running Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: zone 17.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: sending notifies (serial 2) Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: zone 16.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: sending notifies (serial 2006101102) Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: client 192.168.17.2#32790: received notify for zone '17.168.192.in-addr.arpa' Oct 25 20:15:44 host1 named[19805]: zone 18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: refresh: non-authoritative answer from master 192.168.18.2#53 (source 0.0.0.0#0) Oct 25 20:16:30 host1 named[19805]: zone 18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: refresh: non-authoritative answer from master 192.168.18.2#53 (source 0.0.0.0#0) Oct 25 20:18:03 host1 named[19805]: zone 18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: refresh: non-authoritative answer from master 192.168.18.2#53 (source 0.0.0.0#0) Oct 25 20:21:30 host1 named[19805]: zone 18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: refresh: non-authoritative answer from master 192.168.18.2#53 (source 0.0.0.0#0) Oct 25 20:22:13 host1 named[19805]: client 192.168.17.1#32867: received notify for zone '17.168.192.in-addr.arpa' Oct 25 20:23:59 host1 named[19805]: client 192.168.17.1#32869: received notify for zone '17.168.192.in-addr.arpa' Oct 25 20:24:53 host1 named[19805]: client 192.168.17.1#51227: zone transfer 'andrew.linux.nt/AXFR/IN' denied Oct 25 20:25:44 host1 named[19805]: client 192.168.17.1#42216: zone transfer 'andrew.linux.nt/AXFR/IN' denied Oct 25 17:27:18 host1 named[19805]: client 192.168.17.1#52957: zone transfer 'andrew.linux.nt/AXFR/IN' denied Oct 25 17:29:52 host1 named[19805]: shutting down: flushing changes Oct 25 17:29:52 host1 named[19805]: stopping command channel on 127.0.0.1#953 Oct 25 17:29:52 host1 named[19805]: stopping command channel on ::1#953 Oct 25 17:29:52 host1 named[19805]: no longer listening on ::#53 Oct 25 17:29:52 host1 named[19805]: no longer listening on 127.0.0.1#53 Oct 25 17:29:52 host1 named[19805]: no longer listening on 192.168.17.2#53 Oct 25 17:29:52 host1 named[19805]: exiting Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: starting BIND 9.3.2-P1 -u bind Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: found 1 CPU, using 1 worker thread Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: loading configuration from '/etc/bind/named.conf' Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: listening on IPv6 interfaces, port 53 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: listening on IPv4 interface lo, 127.0.0.1#53 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: listening on IPv4 interface eth0, 192.168.17.2#53 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: command channel listening on ::1#953 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone 0.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone 127.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone 16.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 2006101102 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone 17.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 2 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone 255.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone andrew.linux.nt/IN: loaded serial 1 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone wdw.linux.nt/IN: loaded serial 2006102500 Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: running Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone 17.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: sending notifies (serial 2) Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: zone 16.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: sending notifies (serial 2006101102) Oct 25 17:29:54 host1 named[24375]: client 192.168.17.2#32793: received notify for zone '17.168.192.in-addr.arpa' Oct 25 17:29:55 host1 named[24375]: zone 18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: refresh: non-authoritative answer from master 192.168.18.2#53 (source 0.0.0.0#0) Oct 25 17:30:44 host1 named[24375]: zone 18.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: refresh: non-authoritative answer from master 192.168.18.2#53 (source 0.0.0.0#0) Oct 25 17:31:01 host1 named[24375]: client 192.168.17.1#34234: zone transfer 'andrew.linux.nt/AXFR/IN' denied
Время первой команды журнала | 10:37:01 2006-10-26 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 13:03:01 2006-10-26 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 47 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 4.26 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.45 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 1.75 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008