/l3/users/clint/nt-lnet-2006-06-26/linux1.unix.nt/user :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 |
|
#[root@linux1:user]# ifconfig eth0 192.168.15.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.15.255
|
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 inet addr:192.168.15.1 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea0:a912/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:148439 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142380 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:187531911 (178.8 MiB) TX bytes:187136854 (178.4 MiB) Interrupt:201 Base address:0xc000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A ... RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:304645 (297.5 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:70054 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:70054 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120327475 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120327475 (114.7 MiB) |
#ifdown eth0
ifdown: interface eth0 not configured |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 inet addr:192.168.15.1 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea0:a912/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:148442 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142380 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:187532187 (178.8 MiB) TX bytes:187136854 (178.4 MiB) Interrupt:201 Base address:0xc000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A ... RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:304645 (297.5 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:70054 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:70054 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120327475 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120327475 (114.7 MiB) |
#ping 192.168.15.254
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.262 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.262 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.234 ms --- 192.168.15.254 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.234/0.252/0.262/0.022 ms |
#[root@linux1:user]# sec 1 5
bash: sec: command not found |
#seq 1 5
1 2 3 4 5 |
#[root@linux1:user]# ssh m02 mount /cdrom
The authenticity of host 'm02 (192.168.15.2)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 07:18:94:2c:0b:9b:a6:d6:e1:70:03:f4:b8:e5:91:31. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? y Please type 'yes' or 'no': yes Warning: Permanently added 'm02' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. root@m02's password: |
#/cdrom
bash: /cdrom: is a directory |
#ssh m02 /dev/cdm
cdrom cdu535 |
#ssh m02 /dev/cdrom | mount /cdrom
mount: No medium found root@m02's password: bash: /dev/cdrom: Permission denied |
#mount /cdrom | ssh m02 /dev/cdrom
mount: No medium found root@m02's password: bash: /dev/cdrom: Permission denied |
#cd virtual/
|
#ssh m02 mount /cdrom
root@m02's password: mount: /dev/hdc already mounted or /media/cdrom0 busy mount: according to mtab, /dev/hdc is already mounted on /media/cdrom0 |
#ssh m02 mount
root@m02's password: /dev/hda1 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro) proc on /proc type proc (rw) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620) /dev/hda7 on /home type ext3 (rw) /dev/hda8 on /tmp type ext3 (rw) /dev/hda9 on /usr type ext3 (rw) /dev/hda6 on /var type ext3 (rw) usbfs on /proc/bus/usb type usbfs (rw) /dev/hdc on /media/cdrom0 type iso9660 (ro,noexec,nosuid,nodev) |
#user
useradd userdel usermod users |
#sshfs
bash: sshfs: command not found |
#ssh m02 eject
root@m02's password: |
#[root@linux1:virtual]# apt-get install sshfs
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11 Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it? |
#apt-get install ssh-fs
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11 Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it? |
#apt-get install ssh
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11 Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it? |
#vi /etc/ap
|
#vi /etc/apt/
|
#vi /etc/apt/sources.list
|
#apt-get install ssh_fs
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11 Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it? |
#exit
exit |
$mail
Mail version 8.1.2 01/15/2001. Type ? for help. "/var/mail/user": 1 message 1 new >N 1 user@localhost.lo Tue Jun 27 11:29 16/680 *** SECURITY information fo & read Unknown command: "read" & ? & t Message 1:--------------- -------------------------------------------- From user@localhost.localdomain Tue Jun 27 11:29:26 2006 Envelope-to: root@localhost.localdomaind type next message. ... Saved 1 message in /home/user/mboxit, saving unresolved messages in mbox. x quit, do not remove system mailbox. h print out active message headers. ! shell escape. | [msglist] command pipe message(s) to shell command. pi [msglist] command pipe message(s) to shell command. cd [directory] chdir to directory or home if none given fi <file> switch to file (%=system inbox, %user=user's system inbox). + searches in your folder directory for the file. |
$[user@linux1:user]$ su
Password: |
#[root@linux1:user]# vi /etc/apt/sources.list
0050211)]/ unstable contrib main deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (2 0050211)]/ unstable contrib maining _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (2 #deb http://debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ "/etc/apt/sources.list" 6L, 425C written |
$ssh 192.168.15.2
ssh: connect to host 192.168.15.2 port 22: Connection refused |
$ssh 192.168.15.52
ssh: connect to host 192.168.15.52 port 22: No route to host |
#apt-cache search mail
mairix - Indexes and searches email in locally stored email mailcheck - Check multiple mailboxes/maildirs for mail mailfilter - A program that filters your incoming e-mail to help remove spam mailsync - Synchronize IMAP mailboxes icewm-common - wonderful Win95-OS/2-Motif-like window manager icewm - wonderful Win95-OS/2-Motif-like window manager icewm-gnome - wonderful Win95-OS/2-Motif-like window manager icewm-themes - Theme files for the Ice Window Manager isdnvboxclient - ISDN answering machine, client isdnvboxserver - ISDN answering machine, server ... jed - Editor for programmers. (textmode version) xjed - Editor for programmers. (x11 version) liblog4j1.2-java - Logging library for java libjconv2 - charset conversion library libjconv-bin - charset conversion library - binaries vacation - email autoresponder vrfy - Verify electronic mail addresses W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) |
#apt-cache search mailserver
rawdog - RSS Aggregator Without Delusions Of Grandeur proxycheck - checks existence of open proxy W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) |
#apt-cache search vpn
cipe-common - common files for the CIPE VPN software cipe-source - lightweight encrypted IP tunnels over UDP (source) pkcipe - public key based configuration tool for the CIPE VPN software carpaltunnel - Configuration helper for OpenVPN secvpn - Secure Virtual Private Network webmin-freeswan - FreeSWAN IPSEC VPN administration module for webmin webmin-pptp-client - PPTP client configuration module for webmin webmin-pptp-server - PPTP server configuration module for webmin tinc - Virtual Private Network daemon proxychains - Proxy Chains - redirect connections through proxy servers ike-scan - Discover and fingerprint IKE hosts (IPsec VPN Servers) pptp-linux - Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) Client pptpd - PoPToP Point to Point Tunneling Server freeswan - IPSEC utilities for FreeSWan openvpn - Virtual Private Network daemon kernel-patch-mppe - MPPE Encryption for PPP vpnc - Cisco-compatible VPN client W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) |
#apt-get install pptpd
Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: pptpd 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0B/59,4kB of archives. After unpacking 144kB of additional disk space will be used. Media Change: Please insert the disc labelled ‘Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)’ in the drive ‘/cdrom/’ and press enter W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) Selecting previously deselected package pptpd. (Reading database ... 62855 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking pptpd (from .../p/pptpd/pptpd_1.2.1-2_i386.deb) ... Setting up pptpd (1.2.1-2) ... Starting PPTP Daemon: pptpd. W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems |
#pptpd
|
#pptpd -?
pptpd: invalid option -- ? Poptop v1.2.1 The PPTP Server for Linux Usage: pptpd [options], where options are: [-b] [--bcrelay if] Use broadcast relay for broadcasts comming from. the specified interface (default is eth1). [-c] [--conf file] Specifies the config file to read default settings from (default is /etc/pptpd.conf). [-d] [--debug] Turns on debugging (to syslog). [-e] [--ppp file] Use alternate pppd binary, default /usr/sbin/pppd. ... (default is /var/run/pptpd.pid). [-s] [--speed baud] Specifies the baud speed for the PPP daemon (default is 115200). [-t] [--stimeout seconds] Specifies the timeout for the first packet. This is a DOS protection (default is 10). [-v] [--version] Displays the PoPToP version number. [-w] [--logwtmp] Update wtmp as users login. Logs and debugging go to syslog as DAEMON. Command line options will override any default settings and any settings specified in the config file (default config file: /etc/pptpd.conf). |
#pptpd -f
|
#vi /etc/pptpd.conf
|
#[root@linux1:user]# apt-get uninstall pptpd
E: Invalid operation uninstall |
#apt-
apt-cache apt-extracttemplates apt-setup apt-cdrom apt-ftparchive apt-sortpkgs apt-config apt-get |
#apt-config ppdpt
E: Invalid operation ppdpt |
#apt-config pptpd
E: Invalid operation pptpd |
#[root@linux1:user]# pptp
pptpctrl pptpd |
#pptpctrl
pptpctrl: insufficient arguments, see man pptpctrl |
#pptpctrl -?
pptpctrl: insufficient arguments, see man pptpctrl |
#pptpd -?
pptpd: invalid option -- ? Poptop v1.2.1 The PPTP Server for Linux Usage: pptpd [options], where options are: [-b] [--bcrelay if] Use broadcast relay for broadcasts comming from. the specified interface (default is eth1). [-c] [--conf file] Specifies the config file to read default settings from (default is /etc/pptpd.conf). [-d] [--debug] Turns on debugging (to syslog). [-e] [--ppp file] Use alternate pppd binary, default /usr/sbin/pppd. ... (default is /var/run/pptpd.pid). [-s] [--speed baud] Specifies the baud speed for the PPP daemon (default is 115200). [-t] [--stimeout seconds] Specifies the timeout for the first packet. This is a DOS protection (default is 10). [-v] [--version] Displays the PoPToP version number. [-w] [--logwtmp] Update wtmp as users login. Logs and debugging go to syslog as DAEMON. Command line options will override any default settings and any settings specified in the config file (default config file: /etc/pptpd.conf). |
#[root@linux1:user]# ping google.com
PING google.com (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from linux.nt (192.168.15.254): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.230 ms 64 bytes from linux.nt (192.168.15.254): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.209 ms 64 bytes from linux.nt (192.168.15.254): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.202 ms 64 bytes from linux.nt (192.168.15.254): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.164 ms 64 bytes from linux.nt (192.168.15.254): icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.194 ms --- google.com ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.164/0.199/0.230/0.027 ms |
#ping mail.ru
PING mail.ru (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from linux.nt (192.168.15.254): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.215 ms 64 bytes from linux.nt (192.168.15.254): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.205 ms 64 bytes from linux.nt (192.168.15.254): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.198 ms --- mail.ru ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.198/0.206/0.215/0.007 ms |
#ssh user@linux2.linux.nt
The authenticity of host 'linux2.linux.nt (192.168.15.254)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 6f:48:13:41:a9:66:cb:02:0a:ca:65:38:70:45:79:d7. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? no Host key verification failed. |
#vi /etc/ssh/
|
#ssh 192.168.15.52
ssh: connect to host 192.168.15.52 port 22: No route to host |
#ssh 192.168.15.2
ssh: connect to host 192.168.15.2 port 22: Connection refused |
#ssh user@linux2.linux.nt
ssh: connect to host linux2.linux.nt port 22: Connection refused |
#nmap linux2.linux.nt
Starting nmap 3.75 ( http://www.insecure.org/nmap/ ) at 2006-06-28 10:14 EEST All 1663 scanned ports on linux2.linux.nt (192.168.15.2) are: closed MAC Address: 00:04:79:67:96:71 (Radius Co.) Nmap run completed -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.629 seconds |
#nmap linux2.linux.nt
Starting nmap 3.75 ( http://www.insecure.org/nmap/ ) at 2006-06-28 10:16 EEST All 1663 scanned ports on linux2.linux.nt (192.168.15.2) are: closed MAC Address: 00:04:79:67:96:71 (Radius Co.) Nmap run completed -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.527 seconds |
#ssh user@linux2.linux.nt -p 1000
ssh: connect to host linux2.linux.nt port 1000: Connection refused |
#ssh -p 1000 user@linux2.linux.nt
ssh: connect to host linux2.linux.nt port 1000: Connection refused |
#nmap linux2.linux.nt
Starting nmap 3.75 ( http://www.insecure.org/nmap/ ) at 2006-06-28 10:17 EEST Interesting ports on linux2.linux.nt (192.168.15.2): (The 1662 ports scanned but not shown below are in state: closed) PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh MAC Address: 00:04:79:67:96:71 (Radius Co.) Nmap run completed -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.550 seconds |
#ssh 192.168.15.2
root@192.168.15.2's password: |
#ssh-keygen -t dsa
Generating public/private dsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_dsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: e7:63:8d:9c:cd:d0:22:f5:0e:00:9f:d7:ab:9e:72:9b root@linux1.unix.nt |
#cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub | ssh user@m01 "cat >> ~/.ssh/authori
|
#exit
The authenticity of host 'm01 (192.168.15.1)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is cd:7d:92:44:f9:34:eb:df:3f:cc:a0:15:69:94:a9:d7. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added 'm01' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. Password: Password: Password: exit |
#ssh -X user@192.168.15.15
The authenticity of host '192.168.15.15 (192.168.15.15)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 73:9d:7a:af:19:8c:ec:15:31:3e:fe:58:c1:87:ea:f7. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.15.15' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. Password: Password: Warning: No xauth data; using fake authentication data for X11 forwarding. Linux sergix.tech.inc 2.6.16.5 #1 SMP PREEMPT Thu May 18 15:13:51 EEST 2006 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the ... Last login: Wed Jun 28 10:47:18 2006 from m02 user@sergix:~$ xclock Xlib: connection to "localhost:12.0" refused by server Xlib: Invalid MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 key Error: Can't open display: localhost:12.0 user@sergix:~$ user@sergix:~$ user@sergix:~$ exit logout Connection to 192.168.15.15 closed. |
#ssh -X user@192.168.15.254
user@herz:~$ exit logout Connection to 192.168.15.254 closed. |
#exit
exit |
$. .bash
.bash_history .bash_profile .bashrc |
$. .bash
.bash_history .bash_profile .bashrc |
$. .bash_profile
l3-agent is already running: pid=2976; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
$. .bash_rc
bash: .bash_rc: No such file or directory |
$. .bashrc
|
$xclock
Error: Can't open display: |
$DISPLAY=192.168.15.15 xclock
Error: Can't open display: 192.168.15.15 |
$DISPLAY=192.168.15.15:0 xclock
Xlib: connection to "192.168.15.15:0.0" refused by server Xlib: No protocol specified Error: Can't open display: 192.168.15.15:0 |
$DISPLAY=192.168.15.15:0 xclock
|
$xhost -?
xhost: bad hostname "?" |
$ssh -?
ssh: illegal option -- ? usage: ssh [-1246AaCfghkNnqsTtVvXxY] [-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec] [-D port] [-e escape_char] [-F configfile] [-i identity_file] [-L port:host:hostport] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec] [-o option] [-p port] [-R port:host:hostport] [user@]hostname [command] |
$telnet 195.95.210.89
Trying 195.95.210.89... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused |
$ping 195.95.210.89
PING 195.95.210.89 (195.95.210.89) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 195.95.210.89: icmp_seq=1 ttl=249 time=10.3 ms 64 bytes from 195.95.210.89: icmp_seq=2 ttl=249 time=9.06 ms 64 bytes from 195.95.210.89: icmp_seq=3 ttl=249 time=8.38 ms 64 bytes from 195.95.210.89: icmp_seq=4 ttl=249 time=8.83 ms 64 bytes from 195.95.210.89: icmp_seq=5 ttl=249 time=8.89 ms --- 195.95.210.89 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4009ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 8.382/9.099/10.314/0.648 ms |
$telnet 195.95.210.89 110
Trying 195.95.210.89... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused |
$telnet 195.95.210.89 25
Trying 195.95.210.89... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused |
$telnet 195.95.210.89:25
telnet: could not resolve 195.95.210.89:25/telnet: Name or service not known |
$telnet 195.95.210.89:110
telnet: could not resolve 195.95.210.89:110/telnet: Name or service not known |
$telnet 195.95.210.89 80
Trying 195.95.210.89... Connected to 195.95.210.89. Escape character is '^]'. q Connection closed by foreign host. |
$nmap 195.95.210.89
Starting nmap 3.75 ( http://www.insecure.org/nmap/ ) at 2006-06-28 11:13 EEST Interesting ports on lin-gw.microcom.com.ua (195.95.210.89): (The 1662 ports scanned but not shown below are in state: filtered) PORT STATE SERVICE 80/tcp open http Nmap run completed -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 31.818 seconds |
$telnet 195.95.210.89 80
Trying 195.95.210.89... Connected to 195.95.210.89. Escape character is '^]'. ? HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request ( The data is invalid. ) Via: 1.1 MEDUSA Connection: close Proxy-Connection: close Pragma: no-cache Cache-Control: no-cache ... <LI id=L_defaultr_8><B>Refresh page:</B> Search for the page again by clicking the Refresh button. The timeout may have occurred due to Internet congestion. <LI id=L_defaultr_9><B>Check spelling:</B> Check that you typed the Web page address correctly. The address may have been mistyped. <LI id=L_defaultr_10><B>Access from a link:</B> If there is a link to the page you are looking for, try accessing the page from that link. </UL> <HR color=#c0c0c0 noShade> <P id=L_defaultr_11>Technical Information (for support personnel)</P> <UL> <LI id=L_defaultr_12>Error Code: 400 Bad Request. The data is invalid. (13) </UL></FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></BODY></HTML> Connection closed by foreign host. |
$[user@linux1:user]$ su
Password: |
#[root@linux1:user]# apt-cache search radmin
webmin-ldap-useradmin - LDAP user administration module for webmin webmin-cluster - cluster control modules for webmin vdradmin - Web-based administration tool for vdr libapache-mod-dynvhost - Apache Dynamic Virtual Hosting based on directory names W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://debian.org.ua testing/updates/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/debian.org.ua_debian_dists_testing_updates_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) |
#ssh m02
Enter passphrase for key '/root/.ssh/id_dsa': Last login: Wed Jun 28 10:51:43 2006 from linux.nt Linux linux2.unix.nt 2.6.8-2-686-smp #1 SMP Mon Jan 24 02:32:52 EST 2005 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. l3-agent is already running: pid=4459; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid Agent pid 5365 |
#vi /etc/apt/s
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#vi /etc/resolv.conf
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#dig mail.ru
; <<>> DiG 9.2.4 <<>> mail.ru ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 18142 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mail.ru. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: mail.ru. 15401 IN A 194.67.57.26 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: mail.ru. 15401 IN NS ns.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15401 IN NS ns1.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15401 IN NS ns2.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15401 IN NS ns3.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15401 IN NS ns4.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15401 IN NS ns5.mail.ru. ;; Query time: 5 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.254#53(192.168.15.254) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 11:48:39 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 148 |
#dig mail.ru a
; <<>> DiG 9.2.4 <<>> mail.ru a ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 24495 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mail.ru. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: mail.ru. 15396 IN A 194.67.57.26 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: mail.ru. 15396 IN NS ns2.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15396 IN NS ns3.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15396 IN NS ns4.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15396 IN NS ns5.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15396 IN NS ns.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15396 IN NS ns1.mail.ru. ;; Query time: 6 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.254#53(192.168.15.254) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 11:48:43 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 148 |
Время первой команды журнала | 16:39:01 2006- 6-27 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 11:48:39 2006- 6-28 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 49.50 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 1.98 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 2.81 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 0.60 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
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В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
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Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
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Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008