/l3/users/eb/2009/linux11/user :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 |
|
#ntpdate 95.140.94.2
27 May 11:51:46 ntpdate[29542]: adjust time server 95.140.94.2 offset -0.173455 sec |
#ntpdate 95.140.94.2
27 May 11:51:49 ntpdate[29550]: adjust time server 95.140.94.2 offset -0.172593 sec |
#ntpdate 95.140.94.2
27 May 11:51:51 ntpdate[29558]: adjust time server 95.140.94.2 offset -0.170885 sec |
#ntpdate 95.140.94.2
27 May 11:51:56 ntpdate[29567]: adjust time server 95.140.94.2 offset -0.169453 sec |
#ntpdate 95.140.94.2
27 May 11:52:03 ntpdate[29575]: adjust time server 95.140.94.2 offset -0.165246 sec |
#ntpdate 95.140.94.2
27 May 11:52:06 ntpdate[29583]: adjust time server 95.140.94.2 offset -0.164710 sec |
#ntpdate 95.140.94.2
27 May 11:52:12 ntpdate[29591]: adjust time server 95.140.94.2 offset -0.161572 sec |
#ntpdate 95.140.94.2
27 May 11:52:25 ntpdate[29599]: adjust time server 95.140.94.2 offset -0.155843 sec |
#ntpdate 95.140.94.2
27 May 11:52:27 ntpdate[29607]: adjust time server 95.140.94.2 offset -0.154320 sec |
#ntpdate 95.140.94.2
27 May 11:52:30 ntpdate[29615]: adjust time server 95.140.94.2 offset -0.152115 sec |
#ntpdate ntp.psn.ru
27 May 11:52:45 ntpdate[29623]: adjust time server 194.149.67.130 offset -0.145305 sec |
#ntpdate ntp.psn.ru
27 May 11:52:47 ntpdate[29631]: adjust time server 194.149.67.130 offset -0.145133 sec |
#find -name syslog.conf
|
#find -name syslog /
find: paths must precede expression: / Usage: find [-H] [-L] [-P] [-Olevel] [-D help|tree|search|stat|rates|opt|exec] [path...] [expression] |
#find / -name syslog
/var/log/syslog |
#ps -aux|grep sys
Warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See http://procps.sf.net/faq.html root 2298 0.0 0.0 28840 1692 ? Sl 09:30 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -c3 102 2314 0.0 0.0 2820 1180 ? Ss 09:30 0:00 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --system root 29705 0.0 0.0 4912 776 pts/10 S+ 12:01 0:00 grep sys |
#strings /usr/bin/
Display all 949 possibilities? (y or n) |
#strings /usr/bin/
|
#strings /usr/sbin/
Display all 168 possibilities? (y or n) |
#strings /usr/sbin/rsyslogd
actionqueuemaxdiskspace actionqueuehighwatermark actionqueuelowwatermark actionqueuediscardmark actionqueuediscardseverity actionqueuecheckpointinterval actionqueuetype actionqueueworkerthreads actionqueuetimeoutshutdown actionqueuetimeoutenqueue ... "<%PRI%>1 %TIMESTAMP:::date-rfc3339% %HOSTNAME% %APP-NAME% %PROCID% %MSGID% %STRUCTURED-DATA% %msg% "%TIMESTAMP:::date-rfc3339% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag%%msg:::sp-if-no-1st-sp%%msg:::drop-last-lf% "%TIMESTAMP% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag%%msg:::sp-if-no-1st-sp%%msg:::drop-last-lf% Message from syslogd@%HOSTNAME% at %timegenerated% ... %syslogtag%%msg% "<%PRI%>%TIMESTAMP:::date-rfc3339% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag:1:32%%msg:::sp-if-no-1st-sp%%msg%" "<%PRI%>%TIMESTAMP% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag:1:32%%msg:::sp-if-no-1st-sp%%msg%" " %syslogtag%%msg% "insert into SystemEvents (Message, Facility, FromHost, Priority, DeviceReportedTime, ReceivedAt, InfoUnitID, SysLogTag) values ('%msg%', %syslogfacility%, '%HOSTNAME%', %syslogpriority%, '%timereported:::date-mysql%', '%timegenerated:::date-mysql%', %iut%, '%syslogtag%')",SQL "insert into SystemEvents (Message, Facility, FromHost, Priority, DeviceReportedTime, ReceivedAt, InfoUnitID, SysLogTag) values ('%msg%', %syslogfacility%, '%HOSTNAME%', %syslogpriority%, '%timereported:::date-pgsql%', '%timegenerated:::date-pgsql%', %iut%, '%syslogtag%')",STDSQL |
#strings /usr/sbin/rsyslogd |grep conf
confClassInit confClassExit confQueryInterface [-f<conffile>] [-i<pidfile>] [-N<level>] [-M<module load path>] Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: %s rsyslogd: TCP session max configured to %d [-t %s] - changing to 1. rsyslogd: GSS session max configured to %d [-g %s] - changing to 1. HOSTNAME and TAG not parsed by user configuraton. CONFIG ERROR: could not interpret master config file '%s'. CONFIG ERROR: there are no active actions configured. Inputs will run, but no output whatsoever is created. ... Invalid config line: could not extract name - line ignored could not parse config file name error accessing config file or directory '%s': %s requested to include config file '%s' If the call trace is empty, you may want to ./configure --enable-rtinst sleeping %d microseconds as requested by config params bSaveOnShutdown configured, eternal timeout set invalid or yet-unknown config file command - have you forgotten to load a module? Invalid $-configline - could not extract on/off option Module %s processed this config line. |
#strings /usr/sbin/rsyslogd |grep .conf
[-f<conffile>] [-i<pidfile>] [-N<level>] [-M<module load path>] Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: %s rsyslogd: TCP session max configured to %d [-t %s] - changing to 1. rsyslogd: GSS session max configured to %d [-g %s] - changing to 1. HOSTNAME and TAG not parsed by user configuraton. CONFIG ERROR: could not interpret master config file '%s'. CONFIG ERROR: there are no active actions configured. Inputs will run, but no output whatsoever is created. EMERGENCY CONFIGURATION ACTIVATED - fix rsyslog config file! rsyslogd: version %s, config validation run (level %d), master config %s WARNING: rsyslogd is running in compatibility mode. Automatically generated config directives may interfer with your rsyslog.conf settings. We suggest upgrading your config and adding -c3 as the first rsyslogd option. ... Invalid config line: could not extract name - line ignored could not parse config file name error accessing config file or directory '%s': %s requested to include config file '%s' If the call trace is empty, you may want to ./configure --enable-rtinst sleeping %d microseconds as requested by config params bSaveOnShutdown configured, eternal timeout set invalid or yet-unknown config file command - have you forgotten to load a module? Invalid $-configline - could not extract on/off option Module %s processed this config line. |
#strings /usr/sbin/rsyslogd |grep syslog
syslogFacNames syslogPriNames usage: rsyslogd [-c<version>] [-46AdnqQvwx] [-l<hostlist>] [-s<domainlist>] To run rsyslogd in native mode, use "rsyslogd -c3 <other options>" For further information see http://www.rsyslog.com/doc Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: %s rsyslogd: If you want to use both -g and -t, use directives instead, -%c ignored. rsyslogd: Invalid TCP listen port %d - changed to 514. rsyslogd: Invalid GSS listen port %d - changed to 514. rsyslogd: TCP session max configured to %d [-t %s] - changing to 1. ... syslogtag '%syslogtag%', programname: '%programname%', APP-NAME: '%APP-NAME%', PROCID: '%PROCID%', MSGID: '%MSGID%', "%TIMESTAMP:::date-rfc3339% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag%%msg:::sp-if-no-1st-sp%%msg:::drop-last-lf% "%TIMESTAMP% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag%%msg:::sp-if-no-1st-sp%%msg:::drop-last-lf% Message from syslogd@%HOSTNAME% at %timegenerated% ... %syslogtag%%msg% "<%PRI%>%TIMESTAMP:::date-rfc3339% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag:1:32%%msg:::sp-if-no-1st-sp%%msg%" "<%PRI%>%TIMESTAMP% %HOSTNAME% %syslogtag:1:32%%msg:::sp-if-no-1st-sp%%msg%" " %syslogtag%%msg% "insert into SystemEvents (Message, Facility, FromHost, Priority, DeviceReportedTime, ReceivedAt, InfoUnitID, SysLogTag) values ('%msg%', %syslogfacility%, '%HOSTNAME%', %syslogpriority%, '%timereported:::date-mysql%', '%timegenerated:::date-mysql%', %iut%, '%syslogtag%')",SQL "insert into SystemEvents (Message, Facility, FromHost, Priority, DeviceReportedTime, ReceivedAt, InfoUnitID, SysLogTag) values ('%msg%', %syslogfacility%, '%HOSTNAME%', %syslogpriority%, '%timereported:::date-pgsql%', '%timegenerated:::date-pgsql%', %iut%, '%syslogtag%')",STDSQL |
#strings /usr/sbin/rsyslogd |grep syslog.conf
Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: %s EMERGENCY CONFIGURATION ACTIVATED - fix rsyslog config file! WARNING: rsyslogd is running in compatibility mode. Automatically generated config directives may interfer with your rsyslog.conf settings. We suggest upgrading your config and adding -c3 as the first rsyslogd option. WARNING: "message repeated n times" feature MUST be turned on in rsyslog.conf - CURRENTLY EVERY MESSAGE WILL BE LOGGED. Visit http://www.rsyslog.com/rptdmsgreduction to learn more and cast your vote if you want us to keep this feature. /etc/rsyslog.conf |
#strings /usr/sbin/rsyslogd |grep '.conf'
[-f<conffile>] [-i<pidfile>] [-N<level>] [-M<module load path>] Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: %s rsyslogd: TCP session max configured to %d [-t %s] - changing to 1. rsyslogd: GSS session max configured to %d [-g %s] - changing to 1. HOSTNAME and TAG not parsed by user configuraton. CONFIG ERROR: could not interpret master config file '%s'. CONFIG ERROR: there are no active actions configured. Inputs will run, but no output whatsoever is created. EMERGENCY CONFIGURATION ACTIVATED - fix rsyslog config file! rsyslogd: version %s, config validation run (level %d), master config %s WARNING: rsyslogd is running in compatibility mode. Automatically generated config directives may interfer with your rsyslog.conf settings. We suggest upgrading your config and adding -c3 as the first rsyslogd option. ... Invalid config line: could not extract name - line ignored could not parse config file name error accessing config file or directory '%s': %s requested to include config file '%s' If the call trace is empty, you may want to ./configure --enable-rtinst sleeping %d microseconds as requested by config params bSaveOnShutdown configured, eternal timeout set invalid or yet-unknown config file command - have you forgotten to load a module? Invalid $-configline - could not extract on/off option Module %s processed this config line. |
#whatis rsyslog
rsyslog: ничего подходящего не найдено. |
#whatis rsyslog.conf
rsyslog.conf (5) - rsyslogd(8) configuration file |
#whereis rsyslog.conf
rsyslog: /etc/rsyslog.conf /etc/rsyslog.d /usr/lib/rsyslog |
#less /etc/rsyslog.conf
|
#ls -l /var/log
итого 2148 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Май 24 13:19 apt -rw-r----- 1 root adm 94136 Май 27 11:34 auth.log -rw-r----- 1 root adm 31 Май 24 13:16 boot -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 33565 Май 24 13:16 bootstrap.log -rw-rw-r-- 1 root utmp 1920 Май 26 17:59 btmp drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Май 25 03:15 ConsoleKit -rw-r----- 1 root adm 6609 Май 27 09:32 daemon.log -rw-r----- 1 root adm 75186 Май 27 09:30 debug -rw-r----- 1 root adm 35739 Май 27 09:30 dmesg ... -rw-r----- 1 root adm 0 Май 24 18:50 mail.warn -rw-r----- 1 root adm 307982 Май 27 09:40 messages drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Май 24 18:50 news -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Май 25 03:36 pycentral.log -rw-r----- 1 root adm 421403 Май 27 11:35 syslog -rw-r----- 1 root adm 352 Май 26 17:58 user.log -rw-rw-r-- 1 root utmp 114432 Май 27 09:38 wtmp -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 26441 Май 27 09:40 Xorg.0.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23573 Май 26 17:59 Xorg.0.log.old -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23526 Май 25 16:54 Xorg.20.log |
#strings /usr/sbin/rsyslogd |grep /etc
/etc/rsyslog.conf |
#strings /usr/sbin/rsyslogd |grep /etc
/etc/rsyslog.conf |
#less /etc/default/rsyslog
|
#cat /etc/default/rsyslog
# Options for rsyslogd # -m 0 disables 'MARK' messages (deprecated, only used in compat mode < 3) # -r enables logging from remote machines (deprecated, only used in compat mode < 3) # -x disables DNS lookups on messages received with -r # -c compatibility mode # See rsyslogd(8) for more details RSYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-c3" |
#sed -i 's-c3/-c3 -r/' /etc/default/rsyslog
sed: -e выражение #1, символ 11: неизвестный модификатор к `s' |
#sed -i 's/-c3/-c3 -r/' /etc/default/rsyslog
|
#cat /etc/default/rsyslog
# Options for rsyslogd # -m 0 disables 'MARK' messages (deprecated, only used in compat mode < 3) # -r enables logging from remote machines (deprecated, only used in compat mode < 3) # -x disables DNS lookups on messages received with -r # -c compatibility mode # See rsyslogd(8) for more details RSYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-c3 -r" |
#/etc/init.d/rsyslog restart
Stopping enhanced syslogd: rsyslogd. Starting enhanced syslogd: rsyslogdrsyslogd: WARNING: rsyslogd is running in compatibility mode. Automatically generated config directives may interfer with your rsyslog.conf settings. We suggest upgrading your config and adding -c3 as the first rsyslogd option. . |
#echo 'otpravlyaem v sys log'>
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `newline' |
#echo 'otpravlyaem v sys log'> /дщпlogger
|
#tail /var/log/messages
May 27 09:40:21 linux11 kernel: [ 593.418045] usb 7-1: Manufacturer: Logitech May 27 09:40:21 linux11 kernel: [ 593.418136] usb 7-1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice May 27 09:40:21 linux11 kernel: [ 593.455336] input: Logitech USB Receiver as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.2/usb7/7-1/7-1:1.0/input/input5 May 27 09:40:21 linux11 kernel: [ 593.480128] generic-usb 0003:046D:C521.0002: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Mouse [Logitech USB Receiver] on usb-0000:00:1d.2-1/input0 May 27 09:40:21 linux11 kernel: [ 593.513487] input: Logitech USB Receiver as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.2/usb7/7-1/7-1:1.1/input/input6 May 27 09:40:21 linux11 kernel: [ 593.552145] generic-usb 0003:046D:C521.0003: input,hiddev96,hidraw2: USB HID v1.11 Device [Logitech USB Receiver] on usb-0000:00:1d.2-1/input1 May 27 12:18:34 linux11 kernel: Kernel logging (proc) stopped. May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="3.22.0" x-pid="2298" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] exiting on signal 15. May 27 12:18:34 linux11 kernel: imklog 3.22.0, log source = /proc/kmsg started. May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="3.22.0" x-pid="30539" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] restart |
#tail /var/log/
apt/ debug dpkg.log lp-acct messages Xorg.0.log.old auth.log dmesg faillog lp-errs news/ Xorg.20.log boot dmesg.0 fontconfig.log lpr.log pycentral.log bootstrap.log dmesg.1.gz fsck/ mail.err syslog btmp dmesg.2.gz gdm/ mail.info user.log ConsoleKit/ dmesg.3.gz kern.log mail.log wtmp daemon.log dmesg.4.gz lastlog mail.warn Xorg.0.log |
#tail /var/log/syslog
May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: the last error occured in /etc/rsyslog.conf, line 46 May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad imudp May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: UDPServerRun (null) May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: Name or service not known May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: UDP message reception disabled due to error logged in last message. May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad immark May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: MarkMessagePeriod 1200 May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad imuxsock May 27 12:20:54 linux11 logger: !!!!!!!------======== May 27 12:21:09 linux11 logger: !!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log |
#tail /var/log/debug
May 27 09:30:39 linux11 kernel: [ 4.530984] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.5: setting latency timer to 64 May 27 09:30:39 linux11 kernel: [ 5.561905] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 May 27 09:30:39 linux11 kernel: [ 5.562177] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 May 27 09:30:39 linux11 kernel: [ 5.585851] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 May 27 09:30:39 linux11 kernel: [ 5.586112] sd 3:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 May 27 09:30:39 linux11 kernel: [ 7.492892] HDA Intel 0000:00:1b.0: setting latency timer to 64 May 27 09:30:39 linux11 kernel: [ 10.183075] atl1 0000:02:00.0: irq 26 for MSI/MSI-X May 27 09:30:43 linux11 kernel: [ 15.881840] pci 0000:00:02.0: setting latency timer to 64 May 27 09:30:43 linux11 kernel: [ 15.882914] pci 0000:00:02.0: irq 27 for MSI/MSI-X May 27 09:30:49 linux11 kernel: [ 21.004030] eth0: no IPv6 routers present |
#echo '!!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log'| logger -t sendmail -p mail.0
|
#vim /etc/crontab
|
#~
May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: MarkMessagePeriod 1200 May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad imuxsock May 27 12:20:54 linux11 logger: !!!!!!!------======== May 27 12:21:09 linux11 logger: !!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log May 27 12:23:03 linux11 kernel: !!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log May 27 12:24:06 linux11 kernel: !!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log May 27 12:24:47 linux11 kernel: !!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log May 27 12:25:07 linux11 kernel: !!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log May 27 12:25:15 linux11 kernel: !!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log May 27 12:25:26 linux11 sendmail: !!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log ^C |
#strings /etc/r
rc0.d/ rc2.d/ rc4.d/ rc6.d/ rcS.d/ rmt rsyslog.conf rc1.d/ rc3.d/ rc5.d/ rc.local resolv.conf rpc rsyslog.d/ |
#vim /etc/rsyslog.conf
|
#tail -f /var/log/messages
May 27 09:40:21 linux11 kernel: [ 593.480128] generic-usb 0003:046D:C521.0002: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Mouse [Logitech USB Receiver] on usb-0000:00:1d.2-1/input0 May 27 09:40:21 linux11 kernel: [ 593.513487] input: Logitech USB Receiver as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.2/usb7/7-1/7-1:1.1/input/input6 May 27 09:40:21 linux11 kernel: [ 593.552145] generic-usb 0003:046D:C521.0003: input,hiddev96,hidraw2: USB HID v1.11 Device [Logitech USB Receiver] on usb-0000:00:1d.2-1/input1 May 27 12:18:34 linux11 kernel: Kernel logging (proc) stopped. May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="3.22.0" x-pid="2298" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] exiting on signal 15. May 27 12:18:34 linux11 kernel: imklog 3.22.0, log source = /proc/kmsg started. May 27 12:18:34 linux11 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="3.22.0" x-pid="30539" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] restart May 27 12:20:54 linux11 logger: !!!!!!!------======== May 27 12:21:09 linux11 logger: !!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log May 27 12:23:03 linux11 kernel: !!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log May 27 12:36:28 linux11 kernel: imklog 3.22.0, log source = /proc/kmsg started. May 27 12:36:28 linux11 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="3.22.0" x-pid="30539" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] restart May 27 12:37:00 linux11 logger: !!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log May 27 12:39:25 linux11 kernel: Kernel logging (proc) stopped. May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="3.22.0" x-pid="30539" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] exiting on signal 15. May 27 12:39:25 linux11 kernel: imklog 3.22.0, log source = /proc/kmsg started. May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="3.22.0" x-pid="31065" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] restart May 27 12:41:41 linux11 kernel: [11473.088012] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode ^[[3~^C |
#echo '!!!!!!!------========otpravlyaem v sys log'| logger
|
#/etc/init.d/rsyslog restart
Stopping enhanced syslogd: rsyslogd. Starting enhanced syslogd: rsyslogdrsyslogd: WARNING: rsyslogd is running in compatibility mode. Automatically generated config directives may interfer with your rsyslog.conf settings. We suggest upgrading your config and adding -c3 as the first rsyslogd option. . |
#tail -f /var/log/syslog
May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: WARNING: rsyslogd is running in compatibility mode. Automatically generated config directives may interfer with your rsyslog.conf settings. We suggest upgrading your config and adding -c3 as the first rsyslogd option. May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd-2040: error accessing config file or directory '/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf': Success [try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2040 ] May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: the last error occured in /etc/rsyslog.conf, line 46 May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad imudp May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: UDPServerRun (null) May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: Name or service not known May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: UDP message reception disabled due to error logged in last message. May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad immark May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: MarkMessagePeriod 1200 May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad imuxsock ^C |
#apt-get install tcp
tcpd tcpquota tcpslice tcptraceroute tcpxtract tcpdump tcpreen tcpspy tcptrack tcpflow tcpreplay tcpstat tcputils tcpick tcpser tcptrace tcpwatch-httpproxy |
#apt-get install tcpd
tcpd tcpdump |
#apt-get install tcpdump
Чтение списков пакетов... Готово Построение дерева зависимостей Чтение информации о состоянии... Готово Следующие пакеты устанавливались автоматически и больше не требуются: liblash2 libsdl1.2debian libfreebob0 libsdl1.2debian-alsa libartsc0 libmtp8 rox-filer libneon27 audacious libdjvulibre21 libwmf0.2-7 libbinio1ldbl libilmbase6 libaudclient1 libbeecrypt6 libsvga1 libresid-builder0c2a unzip libjack0 liblircclient0 gtk2-engines-pixbuf habak libesd-alsa0 libgomp1 libcddb2 esound-common audacious-plugins libcurl3-gnutls libgd2-noxpm libcdio7 liblqr-1-0 libxosd2 trayer libcdio-cdda0 librpm4.4 libgif4 libopenexr6 update-inetd libaudid3tag1 mpc xdg-utils libxnconfig9.0.3 libmagickcore2 libaudiofile0 libmowgli1 rpm libfluidsynth1 libasyncns0 audacious-plugins-extra ... Получено:2 http://10.0.35.1 sid/main tcpdump 4.0.0-2 [325kB] Получено 433kБ за 0s (10,8MБ/c) Выбор ранее не выбранного пакета libpcap0.8. (Чтение базы данных ... на данный момент установлено 50566 файлов и каталогов.) Распаковывается пакет libpcap0.8 (из файла .../libpcap0.8_1.0.0-1_i386.deb)... Выбор ранее не выбранного пакета tcpdump. Распаковывается пакет tcpdump (из файла .../tcpdump_4.0.0-2_i386.deb)... Обрабатываются триггеры для man-db ... Настраивается пакет libpcap0.8 (1.0.0-1) ... Настраивается пакет tcpdump (4.0.0-2) ... |
#tcpdump -i eth0 port 514
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes 12:41:46.694236 IP linux12.unix.nt.39564 > linux11.unix.nt.syslog: SYSLOG user.notice, length: 44 ^C 1 packets captured 1 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel |
#tail -f /var/log/syslog
May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd-2040: error accessing config file or directory '/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf': Success [try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2040 ] May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: the last error occured in /etc/rsyslog.conf, line 46 May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad imudp May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: UDPServerRun (null) May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: Name or service not known May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: UDP message reception disabled due to error logged in last message. May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad immark May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: MarkMessagePeriod 1200 May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad imuxsock May 27 12:44:28 linux11 kernel: [11640.320016] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode ^C |
#tail -f /var/log/messages
May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="3.22.0" x-pid="30539" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] exiting on signal 15. May 27 12:39:25 linux11 kernel: imklog 3.22.0, log source = /proc/kmsg started. May 27 12:39:25 linux11 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="3.22.0" x-pid="31065" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] restart May 27 12:41:41 linux11 kernel: [11473.088012] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode May 27 12:42:31 linux11 kernel: [11523.112010] device eth0 left promiscuous mode May 27 12:43:44 linux11 kernel: [11596.812513] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode May 27 12:43:51 linux11 kernel: [11603.476510] device eth0 left promiscuous mode May 27 12:44:24 linux11 kernel: imklog 3.22.0, log source = /proc/kmsg started. May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="3.22.0" x-pid="31251" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] restart May 27 12:44:28 linux11 kernel: [11640.320016] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode ^C |
#tail -f /var/log/syslog
May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd-2040: error accessing config file or directory '/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf': Success [try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2040 ] May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: the last error occured in /etc/rsyslog.conf, line 46 May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad imudp May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: UDPServerRun (null) May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: Name or service not known May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: UDP message reception disabled due to error logged in last message. May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad immark May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: MarkMessagePeriod 1200 May 27 12:44:24 linux11 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad imuxsock May 27 12:44:28 linux11 kernel: [11640.320016] device eth0 entered promiscuous mode ... May 27 12:46:18 linux12 kernel: imklog 3.22.0, log source = /proc/kmsg started. May 27 12:46:18 linux12 rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="3.22.0" x-pid="9372" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] restart May 27 12:46:18 linux12 rsyslogd: WARNING: rsyslogd is running in compatibility mode. Automatically generated config directives may interfer with your rsyslog.conf settings. We suggest upgrading your config and adding -c3 as the first rsyslogd option. May 27 12:46:18 linux12 rsyslogd-2040: error accessing config file or directory '/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf': Success [try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2040 ] May 27 12:46:18 linux12 rsyslogd: the last error occured in /etc/rsyslog.conf, line 46 May 27 12:46:18 linux12 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad immark May 27 12:46:18 linux12 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: MarkMessagePeriod 1200 May 27 12:46:18 linux12 rsyslogd: Warning: backward compatibility layer added to following directive to rsyslog.conf: ModLoad imuxsock May 27 12:46:20 linux12 logger: ot-menya ^C |
#apt-get install netcat
Чтение списков пакетов... Готово Построение дерева зависимостей Чтение информации о состоянии... Готово Следующие пакеты устанавливались автоматически и больше не требуются: liblash2 libsdl1.2debian libfreebob0 libsdl1.2debian-alsa libartsc0 libmtp8 rox-filer libneon27 audacious libdjvulibre21 libwmf0.2-7 libbinio1ldbl libilmbase6 libaudclient1 libbeecrypt6 libsvga1 libresid-builder0c2a unzip libjack0 liblircclient0 gtk2-engines-pixbuf habak libesd-alsa0 libgomp1 libcddb2 esound-common audacious-plugins libcurl3-gnutls libgd2-noxpm libcdio7 liblqr-1-0 libxosd2 trayer libcdio-cdda0 librpm4.4 libgif4 libopenexr6 update-inetd libaudid3tag1 mpc xdg-utils libxnconfig9.0.3 libmagickcore2 libaudiofile0 libmowgli1 rpm libfluidsynth1 libasyncns0 audacious-plugins-extra ... netcat обновлено 0, установлено 1 новых пакетов, для удаления отмечено 0 пакетов, и 0 пакетов не обновлено. Необходимо скачать 6144Б архивов. После данной операции, объём занятого дискового пространства возрастёт на 36,9kB. Получено:1 http://10.0.35.1 sid/main netcat 1.10-38 [6144B] Получено 6144Б за 0s (0Б/c) Выбор ранее не выбранного пакета netcat. (Чтение базы данных ... на данный момент установлено 50587 файлов и каталогов.) Распаковывается пакет netcat (из файла .../netcat_1.10-38_all.deb)... Настраивается пакет netcat (1.10-38) ... |
#echo test | nc -u 192.168.15.3 514
^[[3~^C |
#echo pryamo_tcp | nc -u 192.168.15.12 514
^C |
#last
root pts/13 linux12.unix.nt Wed May 27 09:37 - 09:38 (00:00) root tty1 Wed May 27 09:32 still logged in root tty1 Wed May 27 09:32 - 09:32 (00:00) user tty7 :0 Wed May 27 09:32 still logged in reboot system boot 2.6.29-2-686 Wed May 27 09:30 - 14:22 (04:51) root tty1 Tue May 26 17:59 - down (00:00) root tty1 Tue May 26 17:59 - 17:59 (00:00) user tty1 Tue May 26 15:42 - 17:58 (02:16) user tty1 Tue May 26 15:42 - 15:42 (00:00) user tty7 :0 Tue May 26 11:42 - down (06:17) ... root tty1 Mon May 25 10:07 - 10:07 (00:00) user tty7 :0 Mon May 25 09:35 - 12:18 (02:43) root pts/0 192.168.15.253 Mon May 25 09:14 - 09:15 (00:01) reboot system boot 2.6.29-2-686 Mon May 25 08:23 - 18:24 (10:01) reboot system boot 2.6.29-2-686 Mon May 25 01:26 - 01:37 (00:10) reboot system boot 2.6.29-2-686 Mon May 25 04:06 - 01:26 (-2:-40) root tty1 Sun May 24 18:50 - down (09:14) root tty1 Sun May 24 18:50 - 18:50 (00:00) reboot system boot 2.6.29-2-686 Sun May 24 18:50 - 04:05 (09:15) wtmp begins Sun May 24 18:50:36 2009 |
#nc 192.168.15.12 3000 | dd of=/dev/null
^C 811890+27427 записей считано 823991+0 записей написано скопировано 421883392 байта (422 MB), 5,70608 c, 73,9 MB/c |
#nc 192.168.15.12 3000 | dd of=/dev/null
(UNKNOWN) [192.168.15.12] 3000 (?) : Connection refused 0+0 записей считано 0+0 записей написано скопировано 0 байт (0 B), 0,00211119 c, 0,0 kB/c |
#nc 192.168.15.12 3000 | dd of=/dev/null
^C 919394+30979 записей считано 933120+0 записей написано скопировано 477757440 байт (478 MB), 6,46551 c, 73,9 MB/c |
#nc 192.168.15.12 3000 | dd of=/dev/urandom
(UNKNOWN) [192.168.15.12] 3000 (?) : Connection refused 0+0 записей считано 0+0 записей написано скопировано 0 байт (0 B), 0,00211766 c, 0,0 kB/c |
#nc 192.168.15.12 3000 | dd of=/dev/urandom
^C 413091+4 записей считано 413092+0 записей написано скопировано 211503104 байта (212 MB), 7,59384 c, 27,9 MB/c |
#dd if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/zero
^C56134+1 записей считано 56134+0 записей написано скопировано 28740608 байт (29 MB), 6,97263 c, 4,1 MB/c |
#nc 192.168.15.12 3000 | dd of=/dev/null
(UNKNOWN) [192.168.15.12] 3000 (?) : Connection refused 0+0 записей считано 0+0 записей написано скопировано 0 байт (0 B), 0,00251085 c, 0,0 kB/c |
#grep mips
^C |
#cat /proc/cpuinfo |grip mips
bash: grip: команда не найдена |
#cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep mips
bogomips : 3733.30 bogomips : 3733.52 |
#cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep proc
processor : 0 processor : 1 |
#exit
Есть приостановленные задачи. |
#apt-cache search rotate
apache2-utils - utility programs for webservers balder2d - A 2D shooter in zero gravity balder2d-data - data files for balder2d bmv - PostScript viewer for SVGAlib calamaris - log analyzer for Squid or Oops proxy log files cereal - automated, logged serial terminal management system cronolog - Logfile rotator for web servers daemontools - a collection of tools for managing UNIX services drapes - a desktop wallpaper management application for the GNOME desktop exiftran - transform digital camera jpeg images ... socklog - system and kernel logging services (programs) socklog-run - system and kernel logging services starplot - 3-dimensional perspective star map viewer texlive-latex-extra - TeX Live: LaTeX supplementary packages vlogger - virtual web logfile rotater/parser xbs - 3-d models and movies of molecules xjig - An X11 jigsaw puzzle xnecview - NEC structure and gain pattern viewer xwelltris - 3D Tetris like popular game similar to Welltris xzoom - magnify part of X display, with real-time updates |
$ssh 127.0.0.1
The authenticity of host '127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 34:6c:c2:da:38:7c:d7:17:e9:cd:17:8d:e7:cf:f1:a6. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '127.0.0.1' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. user@127.0.0.1's password: Permission denied, please try again. user@127.0.0.1's password: aPermission denied, please try again. user@127.0.0.1's password: Permission denied (publickey,password). |
#cat /etc/logrotate.conf
# see "man logrotate" for details # rotate log files weekly weekly # keep 4 weeks worth of backlogs rotate 4 # create new (empty) log files after rotating old ones create # uncomment this if you want your log files compressed #compress # packages drop log rotation information into this directory ... create 0664 root utmp rotate 1 } /var/log/btmp { missingok monthly create 0660 root utmp rotate 1 } # system-specific logs may be configured here |
#ls /etc/logrotate.d
apt aptitude dpkg rsyslog |
#cat /etc/logrotate.d/apt
/var/log/apt/term.log { rotate 6 monthly compress missingok notifempty } |
#cat /etc/logrotate.d/aptitude
/var/log/aptitude { rotate 6 monthly compress missingok notifempty } |
#cat /etc/logrotate.d/dpkg
/var/log/dpkg.log { monthly rotate 12 compress delaycompress missingok notifempty create 644 root root } |
#du -h /var/log
12K /var/log/fsck 240K /var/log/apt 4,0K /var/log/news 232K /var/log/ConsoleKit 28K /var/log/gdm 8,0M /var/log |
#lastb
UNKNOWN tty1 Tue May 26 17:59 - 17:59 (00:00) root tty1 Tue May 26 17:59 - 17:59 (00:00) (unknown tty7 :0 Mon May 25 15:56 - 15:56 (00:00) (unknown tty7 :0 Mon May 25 12:28 - 12:28 (00:00) user tty1 Mon May 25 10:35 - 10:35 (00:00) btmp begins Mon May 25 10:35:05 2009 |
#echo username>.cabberrc
|
#find /var/log/ | grep -v '\.[0..9]'
/var/log/ /var/log/btmp /var/log/fsck /var/log/fsck/checkroot /var/log/fsck/checkfs /var/log/messages /var/log/dmesg.1.gz /var/log/debug /var/log/bootstrap.log /var/log/mail.err ... /var/log/gdm/:20.log /var/log/gdm/:0.log.3 /var/log/dmesg.3.gz /var/log/mail.info /var/log/user.log /var/log/lastlog /var/log/Xorg.20.log /var/log/daemon.log /var/log/faillog /var/log/dmesg |
#find /var/log/ | grep -v '\.'[0..9]
/var/log/ /var/log/btmp /var/log/fsck /var/log/fsck/checkroot /var/log/fsck/checkfs /var/log/messages /var/log/dmesg.1.gz /var/log/debug /var/log/bootstrap.log /var/log/mail.err ... /var/log/gdm/:20.log /var/log/gdm/:0.log.3 /var/log/dmesg.3.gz /var/log/mail.info /var/log/user.log /var/log/lastlog /var/log/Xorg.20.log /var/log/daemon.log /var/log/faillog /var/log/dmesg |
#cat /etc/lo
locale.alias localtime login.defs logrotate.d/ locale.gen logcheck/ logrotate.conf |
#cat /etc/logrotate.conf /etc/logrotate.d/*
# see "man logrotate" for details # rotate log files weekly weekly # keep 4 weeks worth of backlogs rotate 4 # create new (empty) log files after rotating old ones create # uncomment this if you want your log files compressed #compress # packages drop log rotation information into this directory ... weekly missingok notifempty compress delaycompress sharedscripts postrotate invoke-rc.d rsyslog reload > /dev/null endscript } |
#cat /etc/logrotate.conf /etc/logrotate.d/*
# see "man logrotate" for details # rotate log files weekly weekly # keep 4 weeks worth of backlogs rotate 4 # create new (empty) log files after rotating old ones create # uncomment this if you want your log files compressed #compress # packages drop log rotation information into this directory ... weekly missingok notifempty compress delaycompress sharedscripts postrotate invoke-rc.d rsyslog reload > /dev/null endscript } |
# Options for rsyslogd # -m 0 disables 'MARK' messages (deprecated, only used in compat mode < 3) # -r enables logging from remote machines (deprecated, only used in compat mode < 3) # -x disables DNS lookups on messages received with -r # -c compatibility mode # See rsyslogd(8) for more details RSYSLOGD_OPTIONS="-c3 -r"
locale.alias localtime login.defs logrotate.d/ locale.gen logcheck/ logrotate.conf
# see "man logrotate" for details # rotate log files weekly weekly # keep 4 weeks worth of backlogs rotate 4 # create new (empty) log files after rotating old ones create # uncomment this if you want your log files compressed #compress # packages drop log rotation information into this directory include /etc/logrotate.d # no packages own wtmp, or btmp -- we'll rotate them here /var/log/wtmp { missingok monthly create 0664 root utmp rotate 1 } /var/log/btmp { missingok monthly create 0660 root utmp rotate 1 } # system-specific logs may be configured here
# see "man logrotate" for details # rotate log files weekly weekly # keep 4 weeks worth of backlogs rotate 4 # create new (empty) log files after rotating old ones create # uncomment this if you want your log files compressed #compress # packages drop log rotation information into this directory include /etc/logrotate.d # no packages own wtmp, or btmp -- we'll rotate them here /var/log/wtmp { missingok monthly create 0664 root utmp rotate 1 } /var/log/btmp { missingok monthly create 0660 root utmp rotate 1 } # system-specific logs may be configured here /var/log/apt/term.log { rotate 6 monthly compress missingok notifempty } /var/log/aptitude { rotate 6 monthly compress missingok notifempty } /var/log/dpkg.log { monthly rotate 12 compress delaycompress missingok notifempty create 644 root root } /var/log/syslog { rotate 7 daily missingok notifempty delaycompress compress postrotate invoke-rc.d rsyslog reload > /dev/null endscript } /var/log/mail.info /var/log/mail.warn /var/log/mail.err /var/log/mail.log /var/log/daemon.log /var/log/kern.log /var/log/auth.log /var/log/user.log /var/log/lpr.log /var/log/cron.log /var/log/debug /var/log/messages { rotate 4 weekly missingok notifempty compress delaycompress sharedscripts postrotate invoke-rc.d rsyslog reload > /dev/null endscript }
/var/log/apt/term.log { rotate 6 monthly compress missingok notifempty }
/var/log/aptitude { rotate 6 monthly compress missingok notifempty }
/var/log/dpkg.log { monthly rotate 12 compress delaycompress missingok notifempty create 644 root root }
/var/log/syslog { rotate 7 daily missingok notifempty delaycompress compress postrotate invoke-rc.d rsyslog reload > /dev/null endscript } /var/log/mail.info /var/log/mail.warn /var/log/mail.err /var/log/mail.log /var/log/daemon.log /var/log/kern.log /var/log/auth.log /var/log/user.log /var/log/lpr.log /var/log/cron.log /var/log/debug /var/log/messages { rotate 4 weekly missingok notifempty compress delaycompress sharedscripts postrotate invoke-rc.d rsyslog reload > /dev/null endscript }
Время первой команды журнала | 11:47:25 2009- 5-27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 14:39:41 2009- 5-27 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 8.91 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.99 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 1.70 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 0.99 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008