| /l3/users/kolya/nt-lnet-2006-06-26/linux2.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 |
|
|
#dig @localhost.dobro.nt
$TTL 1h
@ SOA m02.linux2.unix.nt. root.linux2.unix.nt. 2006062701 10800 3600 6
04800 86400
NS ns1.xt-labs.com..ua.
MX 10 m02.linux2.unix.nt.
dig: couldn't get address for 'localhost.dobro.nt': not found
brasilia A 192.168.15.2
england A 192.168.15.15
ukraine A 192.168.15.254
ukrai
www lsergey.unix.nt.
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
|
|
#dig england.fifa2006.unix.nt a
;; ANSWER SECTION: england.fifa2006.unix.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.15.15 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: fifa2006.unix.nt. 3600 IN NS m02.linux2.unix.nt. ;; Query time: 10 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 15:04:38 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 83 |
|
#dig @td-lin.com@ns2.xt-labs.com axfr
dig: couldn't get address for 'td-lin.com@ns2.xt-labs.com': not found |
|
#dig @td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd . 13054 IN NS G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 13054 IN NS F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 13054 IN NS B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 13054 IN NS J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 13054 IN NS K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 13054 IN NS L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. . 13054 IN NS M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. ... I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 99454 IN A 192.36.148.17 E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 99454 IN A 192.203.230.10 D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 99454 IN A 128.8.10.90 A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 99454 IN A 198.41.0.4 H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 99454 IN A 128.63.2.53 C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. 99454 IN A 192.33.4.12 ;; Query time: 177 msec ;; SERVER: 65.110.63.139#53(65.110.63.139) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 15:11:02 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 436 |
|
#dig td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd td-lin.com. 3600 IN SOA ns1.xt-labs.com. admin.xt-labs.com. 20051103 10800 3600 604800 86400 td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns1.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns2.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns.secondary.net.ua. td-lin.com. 3600 IN MX 10 server.td-lin.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN MX 20 mx.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.132 server.td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 195.95.210.90 www.td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.132 td-lin.com. 3600 IN SOA ns1.xt-labs.com. admin.xt-labs.com. 20051103 10800 3600 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 451 msec ;; SERVER: 65.110.63.139#53(65.110.63.139) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 15:11:18 2006 ;; XFR size: 10 records (messages 10) |
|
#dig td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr >> /etc/bind/db.linux2
|
|
#xi /etc/bind/
db.0 db.fifa2006.unix.nt named.conf db.127 db.local named.conf.local db.255 db.root named.conf.options |
|
#xi /etc/bind/named.conf
bash: xi: command not found |
|
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
|
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
1,19c1,9 < < ; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr < ; (1 server found) < ;; global options: printcmd < td-lin.com. 3600 IN SOA ns1.xt-labs.com. admin.xt-labs.com. 20051103 10800 3600 604800 86400 < td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns1.xt-labs.com. < td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns2.xt-labs.com. < td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns.secondary.net.ua. < td-lin.com. 3600 IN MX 10 server.td-lin.com. < td-lin.com. 3600 IN MX 20 mx.xt-labs.com. < td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.132 < server.td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 195.95.210.90 < www.td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.132 < td-lin.com. 3600 IN SOA ns1.xt-labs.com. admin.xt-labs.com. 20051103 10800 3600 604800 86400 < ;; Query time: 474 msec < ;; SERVER: 65.110.63.139#53(65.110.63.139) < ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 15:12:50 2006 < ;; XFR size: 10 records (messages 10) < --- > TTL 1h > @ SOA m02.linux2.unix.nt admin.unix.nt 200606271700 10800 3600 604800 86400 > NS linux15.sergey.unix.nt > NS m02.linux2.unix.nt. > MX m02.linux2.unix.nt. > root A 192.168.15.1 > user A 192.168.15.2 > metod A 192.168.15.15 > tail A 192.168.15.254 |
|
#/etc/
alternatives/ gtk-2.0/ python/ apm/ hotplug/ python2.3/ apt/ hotplug.d/ python2.4/ bash_completion.d/ imlib/ qt3/ bind/ init.d/ rc0.d/ calendar/ iproute2/ rc1.d/ chatscripts/ john/ rc2.d/ console/ kde3/ rc3.d/ console-tools/ ldap/ rc4.d/ cron.d/ libpaper.d/ rc5.d/ ... dhclient-script modprobe.d/ ssh/ dictionaries-common/ modutils/ terminfo/ dirmngr/ mysql/ texmf/ discover.d/ network/ tidy/ dpkg/ openoffice/ udev/ emacs/ opt/ vga/ esound/ pam.d/ w3m/ exim4/ pango/ X11/ fonts/ perl/ xdg/ groff/ ppp/ xinetd.d/ |
|
#/etc/
bash: /etc/: is a directory |
|
#cd /bind
bash: cd: /bind: No such file or directory |
|
#cd /etc
|
|
#cd/bind
bash: cd/bind: No such file or directory |
|
#cd /bind
bash: cd: /bind: No such file or directory |
|
#ls
adduser.conf exim4 logrotate.conf python2.3 adjtime fdmount.conf logrotate.d python2.4 aliases fonts lsb-base qt3 alternatives fpc.cfg mactab rc0.d apm fstab magic rc1.d apt gpm.conf mailcap rc2.d arpwatch.conf groff mailcap.order rc3.d at.deny group mailname rc4.d bash.bashrc group- mail.rc rc5.d bash_completion gshadow manpath.config rc6.d ... discover.conf ldap pango vga discover.conf-2.6 ld.so.cache papersize w3m discover.d ld.so.conf passwd wgetrc dpkg ld.so.hwcappkgs passwd- X11 emacs libpaper.d perl xdg email-addresses locale.alias ppp xinetd.conf enscript.cfg locale.gen printcap xinetd.d environment localtime profile esound logcheck protocols etter.conf login.defs python |
|
#cd /bind
bash: cd: /bind: No such file or directory |
|
#ls
adduser.conf exim4 logrotate.conf python2.3 adjtime fdmount.conf logrotate.d python2.4 aliases fonts lsb-base qt3 alternatives fpc.cfg mactab rc0.d apm fstab magic rc1.d apt gpm.conf mailcap rc2.d arpwatch.conf groff mailcap.order rc3.d at.deny group mailname rc4.d bash.bashrc group- mail.rc rc5.d bash_completion gshadow manpath.config rc6.d ... discover.conf ldap pango vga discover.conf-2.6 ld.so.cache papersize w3m discover.d ld.so.conf passwd wgetrc dpkg ld.so.hwcappkgs passwd- X11 emacs libpaper.d perl xdg email-addresses locale.alias ppp xinetd.conf enscript.cfg locale.gen printcap xinetd.d environment localtime profile esound logcheck protocols etter.conf login.defs python |
|
#cd /bind
bash: cd: /bind: No such file or directory |
|
#ls -l
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-27 17:01 default drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:17 defoma -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 600 2006-04-26 17:01 deluser.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1518 2004-11-04 18:31 dhclient.conf -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6635 2005-12-04 00:06 dhclient-script drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 08:25 dictionaries-common drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:16 dirmngr -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 630 2006-03-28 15:00 discover.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 197 2005-02-04 02:24 discover.conf-2.6 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2006-06-25 20:11 discover.d ... -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1260 2004-10-28 21:50 ucf.conf drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:16 udev -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 805 2006-05-13 15:04 updatedb.conf drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:16 vga drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 08:25 w3m -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4221 2005-10-13 14:26 wgetrc drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 1024 2006-06-26 12:15 X11 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:13 xdg -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1723 2006-06-27 13:31 xinetd.conf drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-27 12:33 xinetd.d |
|
#vi /etc/bind/
|
|
#vi /etc/bind/
|
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
|
|
#vi /etc/bind/
|
|
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
Stopping domain name service: named. Starting domain name service: named. |
|
#ping root.m02.linux2.unix.nt
ping: unknown host root.m02.linux2.unix.nt |
|
#ping root.linux2.unix.nt
ping: unknown host root.linux2.unix.nt |
|
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
|
|
#di
}; // add local zone definitions here include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local"; :q! diff dir dirname diskseekd diff3 dircolors dirs disown diffpp dirmngr discover dig dirmngr-client diskd |
|
#dig 192.168.15.1
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> 192.168.15.1 ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 37082 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;192.168.15.1. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10800 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006062701 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 134 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 15:32:19 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 105 |
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
|
|
#dig 192.168.15.1 ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> 192.168.15.1 ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 16074 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;192.168.15.1. IN NS ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10795 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006062701 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 15:32:24 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 105 |
|
#dig linux1.linux.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> linux1.linux.nt ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 31957 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;linux1.linux.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10800 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006062701 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 141 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 15:32:47 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 108 |
|
#dig linux1.linux.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> linux1.linux.nt ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 28400 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;linux1.linux.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10760 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006062701 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 15:33:27 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 108 |
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
5c5 < MX 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 m02.linux2.unix.nt. --- > MX 10 m02.linux2.unix.nt. |
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
|
|
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
Stopping domain name service: named. Starting domain name service: named. |
|
#tail /var/log/
aptitude dmesg.4.gz mail.log auth.log dpkg.log mail.warn base-config.log exim4/ messages base-config.timings faillog news/ boot fontconfig.log pycentral.log btmp fsck/ servicelog daemon.log kdm.log syslog debian-installer/ kern.log syslog.0 debug ksymoops/ user.log dirmngr.log lastlog uucp.log dmesg lp-acct wtmp dmesg.0 lp-errs xdm.log dmesg.1.gz lpr.log Xorg.0.log dmesg.2.gz mail.err Xorg.0.log.old dmesg.3.gz mail.info |
|
#tail /var/log/messages
Jun 28 12:17:04 linux2 -- MARK -- Jun 28 12:37:04 linux2 -- MARK -- Jun 28 12:57:05 linux2 -- MARK -- Jun 28 13:17:05 linux2 -- MARK -- Jun 28 13:37:05 linux2 -- MARK -- Jun 28 13:57:05 linux2 -- MARK -- Jun 28 14:17:05 linux2 -- MARK -- Jun 28 14:37:05 linux2 -- MARK -- Jun 28 14:57:05 linux2 -- MARK -- Jun 28 15:17:05 linux2 -- MARK -- |
|
#tail /var/log/
aptitude dmesg.4.gz mail.log auth.log dpkg.log mail.warn base-config.log exim4/ messages base-config.timings faillog news/ boot fontconfig.log pycentral.log btmp fsck/ servicelog daemon.log kdm.log syslog debian-installer/ kern.log syslog.0 debug ksymoops/ user.log dirmngr.log lastlog uucp.log dmesg lp-acct wtmp dmesg.0 lp-errs xdm.log dmesg.1.gz lpr.log Xorg.0.log dmesg.2.gz mail.err Xorg.0.log.old dmesg.3.gz mail.info |
|
#tail /var/log/syslog
Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (file /etc/bind/db.linux2): no NS RRs found at zone top Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: zone: m02.linux2.unix.nt/IN: non-glue record at bottom of zone: 86400.m02.linux2.unix.nt/MX Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (IN) rejected due to errors (serial 0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [::].32803 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32804 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10766]: Ready to answer queries. |
|
#tail /var/log
log/ |
|
#tail /var/log/
aptitude dmesg.4.gz mail.log auth.log dpkg.log mail.warn base-config.log exim4/ messages base-config.timings faillog news/ boot fontconfig.log pycentral.log btmp fsck/ servicelog daemon.log kdm.log syslog debian-installer/ kern.log syslog.0 debug ksymoops/ user.log dirmngr.log lastlog uucp.log dmesg lp-acct wtmp dmesg.0 lp-errs xdm.log dmesg.1.gz lpr.log Xorg.0.log dmesg.2.gz mail.err Xorg.0.log.old dmesg.3.gz mail.info |
|
#tail /var/log/daemon.log
tail: cannot open `/var/log/daemon.log/' for reading: Not a directory |
|
#cat tail /var/log/daemon.log/
cat: tail: No such file or directory cat: /var/log/daemon.log/: Not a directory |
|
#cat /var/log/daemon.log/
cat: /var/log/daemon.log/: Not a directory |
|
#ls -l /var/log/
total 7648 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 24548 2006-06-25 18:26 aptitude -rw-r----- 1 root adm 112872 2006-06-28 15:39 auth.log -rw------- 1 root root 412916 2006-06-25 18:37 base-config.log -rw------- 1 root root 42672 2006-06-25 18:37 base-config.timings -rw-r----- 1 root adm 31 2006-06-26 08:24 boot -rw-rw-r-- 1 root utmp 4224 2006-06-27 12:17 btmp -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49236 2006-06-28 15:36 daemon.log drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2006-06-25 21:14 debian-installer -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 74968 2006-06-28 09:37 debug ... -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2006-06-26 08:26 pycentral.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 259 2006-06-27 13:33 servicelog -rw-r----- 1 root adm 2008085 2006-06-28 15:39 syslog -rw-r----- 1 root adm 83469 2006-06-26 06:25 syslog.0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2075 2006-06-28 09:37 user.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2006-06-25 21:16 uucp.log -rw-rw-r-- 1 root utmp 199296 2006-06-28 15:33 wtmp -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2006-06-26 14:54 xdm.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49389 2006-06-28 15:32 Xorg.0.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 49041 2006-06-27 17:35 Xorg.0.log.old |
|
#cat /var/log/daemon.log
Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.38.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 11 times Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.36.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.32.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times ... Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (file /etc/bind/db.linux2): no NS RRs found at zone top Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: zone: m02.linux2.unix.nt/IN: non-glue record at bottom of zone: 86400.m02.linux2.unix.nt/MX Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (IN) rejected due to errors (serial 0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [::].32803 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32804 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10766]: Ready to answer queries. |
|
#cat tail /var/log/daemon.log
Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.38.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 11 times Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.36.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.32.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times ... Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (file /etc/bind/db.linux2): no NS RRs found at zone top Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: zone: m02.linux2.unix.nt/IN: non-glue record at bottom of zone: 86400.m02.linux2.unix.nt/MX Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (IN) rejected due to errors (serial 0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [::].32803 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32804 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10766]: Ready to answer queries. |
|
#cat tail /var/log/daemon.log
Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 11 times Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.36.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.32.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 ... Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: zone: m02.linux2.unix.nt/IN: non-glue record at bottom of zone: 86400.m02.linux2.unix.nt/MX Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (IN) rejected due to errors (serial 0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [::].32803 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32804 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10766]: Ready to answer queries. Jun 28 15:47:55 linux2 named[10766]: named shutting down |
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
|
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
|
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
1c1 < TTL 1h --- > $TTL 1H 7c7 < user A 192.168.15.2 --- > m02.linux2.unix.nt A 192.168.15.2 |
|
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
Stopping domain name service: named. Starting domain name service: named. |
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
7c7 < m02.linux2.unix.nt A 192.168.15.2 --- > m02.linux2.unix.nt A 192.168.15.2 |
|
#dig root.linux2.unix.nt axfr
;; Connection to 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) for root.linux2.unix.nt failed: connection refused. |
|
#cat tail /var/log/daemon.log
Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 11 times Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.36.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.32.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 ... Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: zone: m02.linux2.unix.nt/IN: non-glue record at bottom of zone: 86400.m02.linux2.unix.nt/MX Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (IN) rejected due to errors (serial 0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [::].32803 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32804 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10766]: Ready to answer queries. Jun 28 15:47:55 linux2 named[10766]: named shutting down |
|
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
$TTL 1h
@Stopping domain name service: named.oot.linux2.unix.nt. 2006062701 10800 3600 6
04800 86400
Starting domain name service: named.
; NS linux15.sergey.unix.nt.
NS m02.linux2.unix.nt.
MX 10 m02.linux2.unix.nt.
argentina A 192.168.15.1
brasilia A 192.168.15.2
england A 192.168.15.15
ukraine A 192.168.15.254
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
|
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
7c7 < m02.linux2.unix.nt A 192.168.15.2 --- > m02.linux2.unix.nt. A 192.168.15.2 |
|
#cat tail /var/log/daemon.log
Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 11 times Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.36.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.32.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 ... Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: zone: m02.linux2.unix.nt/IN: non-glue record at bottom of zone: 86400.m02.linux2.unix.nt/MX Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (IN) rejected due to errors (serial 0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [::].32803 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32804 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10766]: Ready to answer queries. Jun 28 15:47:55 linux2 named[10766]: named shutting down |
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
|
|
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
Stopping domain name service: named. Starting domain name service: named. |
|
#tail /var/log/daemon.log
Jun 28 16:17:25 linux2 named[11302]: Zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (file /etc/bind/db.linux2): no NS RRs found at zone top Jun 28 16:17:25 linux2 named[11302]: zone: m02.linux2.unix.nt/IN: non-glue record at bottom of zone: 86400.m02.linux2.unix.nt/MX Jun 28 16:17:25 linux2 named[11302]: master zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (IN) rejected due to errors (serial 0) Jun 28 16:17:25 linux2 named[11302]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 16:17:25 linux2 named[11302]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 16:17:25 linux2 named[11302]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 16:17:25 linux2 named[11302]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 16:17:25 linux2 named[11302]: Forwarding source address is [::].32810 Jun 28 16:17:25 linux2 named[11302]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32811 Jun 28 16:17:25 linux2 named[11303]: Ready to answer queries. |
|
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
48c48
< allow-transfer {127.0.0.1; 192.168.15.15};
---
> allow-transfer {127.0.0.1; 192.168.15.15;};
55c55
< allow-transfer {127.0.0.1; 192.168.15.15};
---
> allow-transfer {127.0.0.1; 192.168.15.15;};
|
|
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
|
|
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
Stopping domain name service: named. Starting domain name service: named. |
|
#tail /var/log/daemon.log
Jun 28 16:18:43 linux2 named[11362]: /etc/bind/db.linux2:2: Database error near () Jun 28 16:18:43 linux2 named[11362]: Zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (file /etc/bind/db.linux2): no NS RRs found at zone top Jun 28 16:18:43 linux2 named[11362]: zone: m02.linux2.unix.nt/IN: non-glue record at bottom of zone: 86400.m02.linux2.unix.nt/MX Jun 28 16:18:43 linux2 named[11362]: master zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (IN) rejected due to errors (serial 0) Jun 28 16:18:43 linux2 named[11362]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 16:18:43 linux2 named[11362]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 16:18:43 linux2 named[11362]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 16:18:43 linux2 named[11362]: Forwarding source address is [::].32812 Jun 28 16:18:43 linux2 named[11362]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32813 Jun 28 16:18:43 linux2 named[11363]: Ready to answer queries. |
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.
|
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
2c2 < @ SOA m02.linux2.unix.nt admin.unix.nt 200606271700 10800 3600 604800 86400 --- > @ SOA m02.linux2.unix.nt. admin.unix.nt. 2006062701 10800 3600 604800 86400 |
|
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
Stopping domain name service: named. Starting domain name service: named. |
|
#tail /var/log/daemon.log
Jun 28 16:19:41 linux2 named[11398]: master zone "127.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 16:19:41 linux2 named[11398]: master zone "0.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 16:19:41 linux2 named[11398]: master zone "255.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 16:19:41 linux2 named[11398]: master zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 16:19:41 linux2 named[11398]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 16:19:41 linux2 named[11398]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 16:19:41 linux2 named[11398]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 16:19:41 linux2 named[11398]: Forwarding source address is [::].32814 Jun 28 16:19:41 linux2 named[11398]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32815 Jun 28 16:19:41 linux2 named[11399]: Ready to answer queries. |
|
#dig m02.linux2.unix.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> m02.linux2.unix.nt ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 51936 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;m02.linux2.unix.nt. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: m02.linux2.unix.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.15.2 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: m02.linux2.unix.nt. 3600 IN NS linux15.sergey.unix.nt. m02.linux2.unix.nt. 3600 IN NS m02.linux2.unix.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: m02.linux2.unix.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.15.2 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 16:19:56 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 111 |
|
#dig tail.linux2.unix.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> tail.linux2.unix.nt ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 36081 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;tail.linux2.unix.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10800 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006062701 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 176 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 16:20:06 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 112 |
|
#dig root.linux2.unix.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> root.linux2.unix.nt ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 16057 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;root.linux2.unix.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10800 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006062701 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 141 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 16:20:11 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 112 |
|
#dig tail.linux2.unix.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> tail.linux2.unix.nt ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 32807 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;tail.linux2.unix.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10791 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006062701 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 16:20:15 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 112 |
|
#dig tail.linux2.unix.nt a
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> tail.linux2.unix.nt a ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 34532 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;tail.linux2.unix.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10790 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006062701 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 16:20:16 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 112 |
|
#host tail.linux2.unix.nt
Host tail.linux2.unix.nt not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) |
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
9a10 > |
|
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
44c44
< zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" {
---
> zone "linux2.unix.nt" {
|
|
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
Stopping domain name service: named. Starting domain name service: named. |
|
#host tail.linux2.unix.nt
tail.linux2.unix.nt has address 192.168.15.254 |
|
#host root.linux2.unix.nt
root.linux2.unix.nt has address 192.168.15.1 |
|
#ping root.linux.unix.nt
ping: unknown host root.linux.unix.nt |
|
#ping root.linux2.unix.nt
PING root.linux2.unix.nt (192.168.15.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.295 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.181 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.178 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.186 ms --- root.linux2.unix.nt ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 12004ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.178/0.210/0.295/0.049 ms |
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
|
|
#ls /etc/bind/
db.0 db.255 db.linux2 db.root named.conf.local db.127 db.fifa2006.unix.nt db.local named.conf named.conf.options |
|
#less /etc/bind/named.conf
|
|
#less /etc/bind/named.conf.options
|
|
#ls -ld /var/cache/bind/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2005-01-25 21:11 /var/cache/bind/ |
|
#ps aux | grep bind
root 11577 0.0 0.1 3892 1100 pts/8 S+ 16:23 0:00 /usr/bin/vi /etc/bind/named.conf root 11739 0.0 0.0 3336 612 pts/12 S+ 16:35 0:00 grep bind |
Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.38.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 11 times Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.36.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:17 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.32.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.38.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 17 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.36.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: bad referral (l.google.com !< google.com.ua) from [216.239.34.10].53 Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 last message repeated 5 times Jun 28 13:40:18 linux2 named[8011]: MAXQUERIES exceeded, possible data loop in resolving (www.google.com.ua) Jun 28 13:42:08 linux2 named[8011]: Cleaned cache of 5 RRsets Jun 28 13:42:08 linux2 named[8011]: USAGE 1151491328 1151487728 CPU=0.036994u/0.048992s CHILDCPU=0u/0s Jun 28 13:42:08 linux2 named[8011]: NSTATS 1151491328 1151487728 A=72 NS=2 PTR=4 TXT=4 AAAA=78 Jun 28 13:42:08 linux2 named[8011]: XSTATS 1151491328 1151487728 RR=133 RNXD=9 RFwdR=55 RDupR=0 RFail=0 RFErr=25 RErr=0 RAXFR=0 RLame=0 ROpts=0 SSysQ=24 SAns=155 SFwdQ=29 SDupQ=35 SErr=0 RQ=160 RIQ=0 RFwdQ=29 RDupQ=0 RTCP=0 SFwdR=55 SFail=1 SFErr=0 SNaAns=151 SNXD=127 RUQ=0 RURQ=0 RUXFR=0 RUUpd=0 Jun 28 14:42:08 linux2 named[8011]: Cleaned cache of 7 RRsets Jun 28 14:42:08 linux2 named[8011]: USAGE 1151494928 1151487728 CPU=0.06299u/0.076988s CHILDCPU=0u/0s Jun 28 14:42:08 linux2 named[8011]: NSTATS 1151494928 1151487728 A=144 NS=9 PTR=11 TXT=4 AAAA=157 Jun 28 14:42:08 linux2 named[8011]: XSTATS 1151494928 1151487728 RR=181 RNXD=18 RFwdR=66 RDupR=0 RFail=0 RFErr=34 RErr=0 RAXFR=0 RLame=0 ROpts=0 SSysQ=36 SAns=316 SFwdQ=47 SDupQ=46 SErr=0 RQ=325 RIQ=0 RFwdQ=47 RDupQ=2 RTCP=0 SFwdR=66 SFail=1 SFErr=0 SNaAns=310 SNXD=261 RUQ=0 RURQ=0 RUXFR=0 RUUpd=0 Jun 28 14:47:02 linux2 named[8011]: named shutting down Jun 28 14:47:02 linux2 named[8011]: USAGE 1151495222 1151487728 CPU=0.06299u/0.077988s CHILDCPU=0u/0s Jun 28 14:47:02 linux2 named[8011]: NSTATS 1151495222 1151487728 A=149 NS=9 PTR=11 TXT=4 AAAA=162 Jun 28 14:47:02 linux2 named[8011]: XSTATS 1151495222 1151487728 RR=181 RNXD=18 RFwdR=66 RDupR=0 RFail=0 RFErr=34 RErr=0 RAXFR=0 RLame=0 ROpts=0 SSysQ=36 SAns=326 SFwdQ=47 SDupQ=46 SErr=0 RQ=335 RIQ=0 RFwdQ=47 RDupQ=2 RTCP=0 SFwdR=66 SFail=1 SFErr=0 SNaAns=320 SNXD=271 RUQ=0 RURQ=0 RUXFR=0 RUUpd=0 Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: starting (/etc/bind/named.conf). named 8.4.6-REL-NOESW Tue Jan 25 19:11:36 UTC 2005 ^Ilamont@mix:/build/lamont/bind-8.4.6/src/bin/named Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: In '/etc/bind/named.conf.options' line 25 Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: included from '/etc/bind/named.conf' line 8 Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: /etc/bind/named.conf.options:25: syntax error near forwarders Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: In '/etc/bind/named.conf.options' line 28 Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: included from '/etc/bind/named.conf' line 8 Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: /etc/bind/named.conf.options:28: syntax error near allow-query Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: hint zone "" (IN) loaded (serial 0) Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: master zone "localhost" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: master zone "127.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: master zone "0.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: master zone "255.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: /etc/bind/named.conf:48: syntax error near 'allow-tranfer' Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: db_load could not open: /etc/bind/db.linux2: No such file or directory Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near 'allow-tranfer' Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: Forwarding source address is [::].32795 Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32796 Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9800]: Ready to answer queries. Jun 28 14:47:39 linux2 named[9800]: named shutting down Jun 28 14:47:39 linux2 named[9800]: USAGE 1151495259 1151495224 CPU=0.001999u/0s CHILDCPU=0u/0s Jun 28 14:47:39 linux2 named[9800]: NSTATS 1151495259 1151495224 Jun 28 14:47:39 linux2 named[9800]: XSTATS 1151495259 1151495224 RR=1 RNXD=0 RFwdR=0 RDupR=0 RFail=0 RFErr=0 RErr=0 RAXFR=0 RLame=0 ROpts=0 SSysQ=1 SAns=0 SFwdQ=0 SDupQ=0 SErr=0 RQ=0 RIQ=0 RFwdQ=0 RDupQ=0 RTCP=0 SFwdR=0 SFail=0 SFErr=0 SNaAns=0 SNXD=0 RUQ=0 RURQ=0 RUXFR=0 RUUpd=0 Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: starting (/etc/bind/named.conf). named 8.4.6-REL-NOESW Tue Jan 25 19:11:36 UTC 2005 ^Ilamont@mix:/build/lamont/bind-8.4.6/src/bin/named Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: In '/etc/bind/named.conf.options' line 25 Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: included from '/etc/bind/named.conf' line 8 Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: /etc/bind/named.conf.options:25: syntax error near forwarders Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: In '/etc/bind/named.conf.options' line 28 Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: included from '/etc/bind/named.conf' line 8 Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: /etc/bind/named.conf.options:28: syntax error near allow-query Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: hint zone "" (IN) loaded (serial 0) Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: master zone "localhost" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: master zone "127.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: master zone "0.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: master zone "255.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: /etc/bind/named.conf:48: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: db_load could not open: /etc/bind/db.linux2: No such file or directory Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: Forwarding source address is [::].32796 Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32797 Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9830]: Ready to answer queries. Jun 28 15:29:23 linux2 named[9830]: named shutting down Jun 28 15:29:23 linux2 named[9830]: USAGE 1151497763 1151495261 CPU=0.032994u/0.027995s CHILDCPU=0u/0s Jun 28 15:29:23 linux2 named[9830]: NSTATS 1151497763 1151495261 A=63 NS=1 PTR=10 AAAA=68 Jun 28 15:29:23 linux2 named[9830]: XSTATS 1151497763 1151495261 RR=94 RNXD=12 RFwdR=30 RDupR=0 RFail=0 RFErr=21 RErr=0 RAXFR=0 RLame=0 ROpts=0 SSysQ=24 SAns=138 SFwdQ=19 SDupQ=22 SErr=0 RQ=142 RIQ=0 RFwdQ=19 RDupQ=0 RTCP=0 SFwdR=30 SFail=0 SFErr=0 SNaAns=132 SNXD=110 RUQ=0 RURQ=0 RUXFR=0 RUUpd=0 Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: starting (/etc/bind/named.conf). named 8.4.6-REL-NOESW Tue Jan 25 19:11:36 UTC 2005 ^Ilamont@mix:/build/lamont/bind-8.4.6/src/bin/named Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: In '/etc/bind/named.conf.options' line 25 Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: included from '/etc/bind/named.conf' line 8 Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: /etc/bind/named.conf.options:25: syntax error near forwarders Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: In '/etc/bind/named.conf.options' line 28 Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: included from '/etc/bind/named.conf' line 8 Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: /etc/bind/named.conf.options:28: syntax error near allow-query Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: hint zone "" (IN) loaded (serial 0) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: master zone "localhost" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: master zone "127.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: master zone "0.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: master zone "255.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: /etc/bind/named.conf:48: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: /etc/bind/db.linux2:1: Database error near () Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: Zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (file /etc/bind/db.linux2): No default TTL ($TTL <value>) set, using SOA minimum instead Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: /etc/bind/db.linux2:2: serial number too big Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: /etc/bind/db.linux2: WARNING SOA expire value is less than SOA refresh+retry (3600 < 2+10800) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: /etc/bind/db.linux2: WARNING SOA expire value is less than refresh + 10 * retry (3600 < (2 + 10 * 10800)) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: /etc/bind/db.linux2: WARNING SOA expire value is less than 7 days (3600) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: /etc/bind/db.linux2: WARNING SOA refresh value is less than 2 * retry (2 < 10800 * 2) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: /etc/bind/db.linux2:2: Database error near () Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: /etc/bind/db.linux2:5: Priority error near (m02.linux2.unix.nt.) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: Zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (file /etc/bind/db.linux2): no NS RRs found at zone top Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: master zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (IN) rejected due to errors (serial 0) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: Forwarding source address is [::].32800 Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10529]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32801 Jun 28 15:29:25 linux2 named[10530]: Ready to answer queries. Jun 28 15:36:15 linux2 named[10530]: named shutting down Jun 28 15:36:15 linux2 named[10530]: USAGE 1151498175 1151497765 CPU=0.021996u/0.022996s CHILDCPU=0u/0s Jun 28 15:36:15 linux2 named[10530]: NSTATS 1151498175 1151497765 A=21 NS=1 PTR=2 AAAA=18 Jun 28 15:36:15 linux2 named[10530]: XSTATS 1151498175 1151497765 RR=84 RNXD=9 RFwdR=28 RDupR=0 RFail=0 RFErr=19 RErr=0 RAXFR=0 RLame=0 ROpts=0 SSysQ=23 SAns=38 SFwdQ=14 SDupQ=30 SErr=0 RQ=42 RIQ=0 RFwdQ=14 RDupQ=0 RTCP=0 SFwdR=28 SFail=0 SFErr=0 SNaAns=38 SNXD=26 RUQ=0 RURQ=0 RUXFR=0 RUUpd=0 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: starting (/etc/bind/named.conf). named 8.4.6-REL-NOESW Tue Jan 25 19:11:36 UTC 2005 ^Ilamont@mix:/build/lamont/bind-8.4.6/src/bin/named Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: In '/etc/bind/named.conf.options' line 25 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: included from '/etc/bind/named.conf' line 8 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/named.conf.options:25: syntax error near forwarders Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: In '/etc/bind/named.conf.options' line 28 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: included from '/etc/bind/named.conf' line 8 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/named.conf.options:28: syntax error near allow-query Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: hint zone "" (IN) loaded (serial 0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "localhost" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "127.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "0.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "255.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/named.conf:48: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/db.linux2:1: Database error near () Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (file /etc/bind/db.linux2): No default TTL ($TTL <value>) set, using SOA minimum instead Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/db.linux2:2: serial number too big Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/db.linux2: WARNING SOA expire value is less than SOA refresh+retry (3600 < 2+10800) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/db.linux2: WARNING SOA expire value is less than refresh + 10 * retry (3600 < (2 + 10 * 10800)) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/db.linux2: WARNING SOA expire value is less than 7 days (3600) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/db.linux2: WARNING SOA refresh value is less than 2 * retry (2 < 10800 * 2) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/db.linux2:2: Database error near () Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (file /etc/bind/db.linux2): no NS RRs found at zone top Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: zone: m02.linux2.unix.nt/IN: non-glue record at bottom of zone: 86400.m02.linux2.unix.nt/MX Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "m02.linux2.unix.nt" (IN) rejected due to errors (serial 0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [::].32803 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10765]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32804 Jun 28 15:36:17 linux2 named[10766]: Ready to answer queries.
| Время первой команды журнала | 15:03:59 2006- 6-28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Время последней команды журнала | 16:35:48 2006- 6-28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 18.81 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 1.98 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 1.53 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 1.10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
| Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1
2
3
4
Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией.
Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды.
Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса,
нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008