/l3/users/lav/nt-bsdnet/user :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 :28 :29
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Журнал лабораторных работ

Содержание

Журнал

Четверг (09/21/06)

/dev/ttyp2
11:17:17
#vi /etc/rc.conf
прошло 30 минут
11:47:57
#vi /etc/resolv.conf
11:48:28
#cd /etc/namedb/named.conf 
bash: cd: /etc/namedb/named.conf: Not a directory
11:48:43
#vietc/namedb/named.conf
        };
};
zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
        type slave;
        file "slave/1.168.192.in-addr.arpa";
        masters {
                192.168.1.1;
        };
};
*/
zone "lav.unix.nt" {
        type master;
        /etc/namedb/db.lav.unix.nt"
        allow-query {
                0.0.0.0/0;
        };
        allow-transfer {
                127.0.0.1;
        };
};
/etc/namedb/named.conf: 138 ÓÔÒÏË, 3893 ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×
11:49:13
#vi /etc/namedb/db.lav.unix.nt
11:51:10
#ping ya.ru 
ping: cannot resolve ya.ru: Host name lookup failure
11:51:24
#/etc/rc.d/named restart
Stopping named.
Waiting for PIDS: 365.
Starting named.
11:51:49
#ping ya.ru
PING ya.ru (213.180.204.8): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 213.180.204.8: icmp_seq=0 ttl=55 time=126.655 ms
64 bytes from 213.180.204.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=55 time=121.022 ms
64 bytes from 213.180.204.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=55 time=130.479 ms
64 bytes from 213.180.204.8: icmp_seq=3 ttl=55 time=116.587 ms
64 bytes from 213.180.204.8: icmp_seq=4 ttl=55 time=119.504 ms
64 bytes from 213.180.204.8: icmp_seq=5 ttl=55 time=122.618 ms
^C
--- ya.ru ping statistics ---
6 packets transmitted, 6 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 116.587/122.811/130.479/4.591 ms
/dev/ttyp5
11:51:53
#tail /var/log/messages
Sep 21 11:13:54 fbsd1 sm-mta[5004]: NOQUEUE: SYSERR(root): opendaemonsocket: daemon IPv6: optional socket disabled
Sep 21 11:14:41 fbsd1 sm-mta[5055]: NOQUEUE: SYSERR(root): opendaemonsocket: daemon IPv6: can't create server SMTP socket: Protocol not supported
Sep 21 11:14:41 fbsd1 sm-mta[5055]: NOQUEUE: SYSERR(root): opendaemonsocket: daemon IPv6: optional socket disabled
Sep 21 11:16:24 fbsd1 sm-mta[5110]: NOQUEUE: SYSERR(root): opendaemonsocket: daemon IPv6: can't create server SMTP socket: Protocol not supported
Sep 21 11:16:24 fbsd1 sm-mta[5110]: NOQUEUE: SYSERR(root): opendaemonsocket: daemon IPv6: optional socket disabled
Sep 21 11:51:47 fbsd1 named[365]: stopping command channel on 127.0.0.1#953
Sep 21 11:51:47 fbsd1 named[365]: exiting
Sep 21 11:51:49 fbsd1 named[5372]: starting BIND 9.3.1 -u bind -t /var/named
Sep 21 11:51:49 fbsd1 named[5372]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
Sep 21 11:51:49 fbsd1 named[5372]: running
11:52:04
#ipfw show
00010 56191 19131400 allow ip from any to any
65535   183    10908 deny ip from any to any
/dev/ttyp2
11:52:21
#host 127.0.0.1
1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer localhost.unix.nt.
11:52:33
#dig server2.lav.unix.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> server2.lav.unix.nt
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 61522
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;server2.lav.unix.nt.           IN      A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
server2.lav.unix.nt.    10800   IN      A       192.168.15.2
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
lav.unix.nt.            10800   IN      NS      server2.lav.unix.nt.
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 11:52:51 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 67
11:52:51
#dig lav.unix.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> lav.unix.nt mx
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 50781
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;lav.unix.nt.                   IN      MX
;; ANSWER SECTION:
lav.unix.nt.            10800   IN      MX      10 server2.lav.unix.nt.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
lav.unix.nt.            10800   IN      NS      server2.lav.unix.nt.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
server2.lav.unix.nt.    10800   IN      A       192.168.15.2
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 11:53:56 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 83
11:53:56
#dig lav.unix.nt mx
; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> lav.unix.nt mx
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 64066
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;lav.unix.nt.                   IN      MX
;; ANSWER SECTION:
lav.unix.nt.            10800   IN      MX      10 server2.lav.unix.nt.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
lav.unix.nt.            10800   IN      NS      server2.lav.unix.nt.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
server2.lav.unix.nt.    10800   IN      A       192.168.15.2
;; Query time: 2 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 11:55:44 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 83
11:55:44
#vi /etc/rc.conf
/dev/ttyp5
11:56:42
#tail /var/log/messages
Sep 21 11:51:47 fbsd1 named[365]: exiting
Sep 21 11:51:49 fbsd1 named[5372]: starting BIND 9.3.1 -u bind -t /var/named
Sep 21 11:51:49 fbsd1 named[5372]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
Sep 21 11:51:49 fbsd1 named[5372]: running
Sep 21 11:56:53 fbsd1 sshd[5444]: error: PAM: authentication error for illegal user devi from 192.168.15.254
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5372]: stopping command channel on 127.0.0.1#953
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5372]: exiting
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5688]: starting BIND 9.3.1 -u bind -t /var/named
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5688]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5688]: running
/dev/ttyp2
11:58:12
#sockstat
USER     COMMAND    PID   FD PROTO  LOCAL ADDRESS         FOREIGN ADDRESS
user     kdeinit    5526  3  stream -> /tmp/ksocket-user/konquerorN75wuQ.slave-socket
user     kdeinit    5526  7  stream -> /tmp/.ICE-unix/dcop698-1158818987
bind     named      5372  3  dgram  -> /var/run/logpriv
bind     named      5372  20 udp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5372  21 tcp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5372  22 udp4   *:53466               *:*
bind     named      5372  23 tcp4   127.0.0.1:953         *:*
smmsp    sendmail   5114  3  dgram  -> /var/run/log
root     sendmail   5110  3  dgram  -> /var/run/logpriv
...
root     Xorg       668   30 stream /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
user     xinit      667   3  stream -> /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
root     login      609   3  dgram  -> /var/run/logpriv
root     sshd       485   3  tcp4   *:22                  *:*
root     syslogd    304   3  dgram  /var/run/log
root     syslogd    304   4  dgram  /var/run/logpriv
root     syslogd    304   5  dgram  /var/run/log
root     syslogd    304   6  dgram  /var/named/var/run/log
root     syslogd    304   7  udp4   *:514                 *:*
root     devd       271   4  stream /var/run/devd.pipe
11:58:24
#sockstat -l4
USER     COMMAND    PID   FD PROTO  LOCAL ADDRESS         FOREIGN ADDRESS
bind     named      5372  20 udp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5372  21 tcp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5372  22 udp4   *:53466               *:*
bind     named      5372  23 tcp4   127.0.0.1:953         *:*
root     sendmail   5110  4  tcp4   *:25                  *:*
root     sendmail   5110  5  tcp4   *:587                 *:*
user     licq       2395  8  tcp4   *:53159               *:*
root     Xorg       668   1  tcp4   *:6000                *:*
root     sshd       485   3  tcp4   *:22                  *:*
root     syslogd    304   7  udp4   *:514                 *:*
11:58:28
#vi /etc/namedb/db.lav.unix.nt
11:59:40
#vi /etc/namedb/named.conf
11:59:56
#/etc/rc.d/named restart
Stopping named.
Starting named.
12:00:03
#sockstat
USER     COMMAND    PID   FD PROTO  LOCAL ADDRESS         FOREIGN ADDRESS
bind     named      5688  3  dgram  -> /var/run/logpriv
bind     named      5688  20 udp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  21 tcp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  22 udp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  23 tcp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  24 udp4   *:54241               *:*
bind     named      5688  25 tcp4   127.0.0.1:953         *:*
user     kdeinit    5526  3  stream -> /tmp/ksocket-user/konquerorN75wuQ.slave-socket
user     kdeinit    5526  7  stream -> /tmp/.ICE-unix/dcop698-1158818987
...
root     Xorg       668   30 stream /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
user     xinit      667   3  stream -> /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
root     login      609   3  dgram  -> /var/run/logpriv
root     sshd       485   3  tcp4   *:22                  *:*
root     syslogd    304   3  dgram  /var/run/log
root     syslogd    304   4  dgram  /var/run/logpriv
root     syslogd    304   5  dgram  /var/run/log
root     syslogd    304   6  dgram  /var/named/var/run/log
root     syslogd    304   7  udp4   *:514                 *:*
root     devd       271   4  stream /var/run/devd.pipe
12:00:12
#sockstat -l4
USER     COMMAND    PID   FD PROTO  LOCAL ADDRESS         FOREIGN ADDRESS
bind     named      5688  20 udp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  21 tcp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  22 udp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  23 tcp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  24 udp4   *:54241               *:*
bind     named      5688  25 tcp4   127.0.0.1:953         *:*
root     sendmail   5110  4  tcp4   *:25                  *:*
root     sendmail   5110  5  tcp4   *:587                 *:*
user     licq       2395  8  tcp4   *:53159               *:*
root     Xorg       668   1  tcp4   *:6000                *:*
root     sshd       485   3  tcp4   *:22                  *:*
root     syslogd    304   7  udp4   *:514                 *:*
12:00:15
#less sendmail.cf
12:04:02
#ls
Makefile                fbsd1.unix.nt.submit.cf mailer.conf
README                  fbsd1.unix.nt.submit.mc mailertable.sample
access.sample           freebsd.cf              sendmail.cf
aliases                 freebsd.mc              submit.cf
aliases.db              freebsd.submit.cf       virtusertable.sample
fbsd1.unix.nt.cf        freebsd.submit.mc
fbsd1.unix.nt.mc        helpfile
12:04:07
#vi fbsd1.unix.nt.mc
12:05:48
#ls
Makefile                fbsd1.unix.nt.submit.cf mailer.conf
README                  fbsd1.unix.nt.submit.mc mailertable.sample
access.sample           freebsd.cf              sendmail.cf
aliases                 freebsd.mc              submit.cf
aliases.db              freebsd.submit.cf       virtusertable.sample
fbsd1.unix.nt.cf        freebsd.submit.mc
fbsd1.unix.nt.mc        helpfile
12:05:58
#vi local-host-names
12:07:36
#ls
Makefile                fbsd1.unix.nt.submit.cf local-host-names
README                  fbsd1.unix.nt.submit.mc mailer.conf
access.sample           freebsd.cf              mailertable.sample
aliases                 freebsd.mc              sendmail.cf
aliases.db              freebsd.submit.cf       submit.cf
fbsd1.unix.nt.cf        freebsd.submit.mc       virtusertable.sample
fbsd1.unix.nt.mc        helpfile
12:07:38
#/etc/rc.d/sendmail restart
Sep 21 11:51:47 fbsd1 named[365]: exiting
Sep 21 11:51:49 fbsd1 named[5372]: starting BIND 9.3.1 -u bind -t /var/named
Sep 21 11:51:49 fbsd1 named[5372]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
Sep 21 11:51:49 fbsd1 named[5372]: running
Sep 21 11:56:53 fbsd1 sshd[5444]: error: PAM: authentication error for illegal user devi from 192.168.15.254
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5372]: stopping command channel on 127.0.0.1#953
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5372]: exiting
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5688]: starting BIND 9.3.1 -u bind -t /var/named
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5688]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5688]: running
Sep 21 12:08:46 fbsd1 sm-mta[5798]: NOQUEUE: SYSERR(root): opendaemonsocket: daemon IPv6: can't create server SMTP socket: Protocol not supported
Sep 21 12:08:46 fbsd1 sm-mta[5798]: NOQUEUE: SYSERR(root): opendaemonsocket: daemon IPv6: optional socket disabled
Stopping sendmail.
Stopping sendmail_clientmqueue.
Starting sendmail.
/dev/ttyp5
12:08:29
#tail -f /var/log/messages 
Sep 21 11:51:47 fbsd1 named[365]: exiting
Sep 21 11:51:49 fbsd1 named[5372]: starting BIND 9.3.1 -u bind -t /var/named
Sep 21 11:51:49 fbsd1 named[5372]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
Sep 21 11:51:49 fbsd1 named[5372]: running
Sep 21 11:56:53 fbsd1 sshd[5444]: error: PAM: authentication error for illegal user devi from 192.168.15.254
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5372]: stopping command channel on 127.0.0.1#953
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5372]: exiting
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5688]: starting BIND 9.3.1 -u bind -t /var/named
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5688]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953
Sep 21 12:00:03 fbsd1 named[5688]: running
Sep 21 12:08:46 fbsd1 sm-mta[5798]: NOQUEUE: SYSERR(root): opendaemonsocket: daemon IPv6: can't create server SMTP socket: Protocol not supported
Sep 21 12:08:46 fbsd1 sm-mta[5798]: NOQUEUE: SYSERR(root): opendaemonsocket: daemon IPv6: optional socket disabled
^C
/dev/ttyp2
12:08:46
#sockstat
USER     COMMAND    PID   FD PROTO  LOCAL ADDRESS         FOREIGN ADDRESS
smmsp    sendmail   5802  3  dgram  -> /var/run/log
root     sendmail   5798  3  tcp4   *:25                  *:*
root     sendmail   5798  4  dgram  -> /var/run/logpriv
root     sendmail   5798  5  tcp4   *:587                 *:*
bind     named      5688  3  dgram  -> /var/run/logpriv
bind     named      5688  20 udp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  21 tcp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  22 udp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  23 tcp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
...
root     Xorg       668   30 stream /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
user     xinit      667   3  stream -> /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
root     login      609   3  dgram  -> /var/run/logpriv
root     sshd       485   3  tcp4   *:22                  *:*
root     syslogd    304   3  dgram  /var/run/log
root     syslogd    304   4  dgram  /var/run/logpriv
root     syslogd    304   5  dgram  /var/run/log
root     syslogd    304   6  dgram  /var/named/var/run/log
root     syslogd    304   7  udp4   *:514                 *:*
root     devd       271   4  stream /var/run/devd.pipe
12:08:56
#sockstat -l4
USER     COMMAND    PID   FD PROTO  LOCAL ADDRESS         FOREIGN ADDRESS
root     sendmail   5798  3  tcp4   *:25                  *:*
root     sendmail   5798  5  tcp4   *:587                 *:*
bind     named      5688  20 udp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  21 tcp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  22 udp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  23 tcp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  24 udp4   *:54241               *:*
bind     named      5688  25 tcp4   127.0.0.1:953         *:*
user     licq       2395  8  tcp4   *:53159               *:*
root     Xorg       668   1  tcp4   *:6000                *:*
root     sshd       485   3  tcp4   *:22                  *:*
root     syslogd    304   7  udp4   *:514                 *:*
12:08:59
#netstat-rn
Routing tables
Internet:
Destination        Gateway            Flags    Refs      Use  Netif Expire
default            192.168.15.254     UGS         0    11305   fxp0
127.0.0.1          127.0.0.1          UH          0    14689    lo0
192.168.15         link#1             UC          0        0   fxp0
192.168.15.21      00:0e:a6:1e:53:e8  UHLW        1        7    lo0
192.168.15.254     00:0a:01:d4:d1:39  UHLW        2      583   fxp0   1175
12:09:12
#netstat -lnp 
netstat: option requires an argument -- p
usage: netstat [-AaLnSW] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]
               [-M core] [-N system]
       netstat -i | -I interface [-abdhnt] [-f address_family]
               [-M core] [-N system]
       netstat -w wait [-I interface] [-d] [-M core] [-N system]
       netstat -s [-s] [-z] [-f protocol_family | -p protocol] [-M core]
       netstat -i | -I interface -s [-f protocol_family | -p protocol]
               [-M core] [-N system]
       netstat -m [-M core] [-N system]
       netstat -r [-AenW] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]
       netstat -rs [-s] [-M core] [-N system]
       netstat -g [-W] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]
       netstat -gs [-s] [-f address_family] [-M core] [-N system]
12:09:30
#netstat -n
Active Internet connections
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q  Local Address          Foreign Address        (state)
tcp4       0      0  192.168.15.21.51213    62.149.17.62.18030     TIME_WAIT
tcp4       0      0  192.168.15.21.64392    62.149.17.62.18030     TIME_WAIT
tcp4       0      0  192.168.15.21.49550    62.149.17.62.18030     TIME_WAIT
tcp4       0      0  192.168.15.21.53574    62.149.17.62.18030     TIME_WAIT
tcp4       0      0  192.168.15.21.55568    205.188.7.250.5190     ESTABLISHED
udp4       0      0  127.0.0.1.53           *.*
udp4       0      0  192.168.15.21.53       *.*
Active UNIX domain sockets
...
c1c3494c stream      0      0 c1f1d440        0        0        0 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
c1c35000 stream      0      0 c1c36660        0        0        0 /var/run/devd.pipe
c3f1308c dgram       0      0        0 c1c34dac        0        0
c227ca64 dgram       0      0        0 c1c34e38        0 c1c34a64
c1c34a64 dgram       0      0        0 c1c34e38        0 c1c349d8
c1c349d8 dgram       0      0        0 c1c34e38        0        0
c1c34d20 dgram       0      0 c1c36770        0        0        0 /var/named/var/run/log
c1c34dac dgram       0      0 c1c36880        0 c3f1308c        0 /var/run/log
c1c34e38 dgram       0      0 c1c36990        0 c227ca64        0 /var/run/logpriv
c1c34ec4 dgram       0      0 c1c36aa0        0        0        0 /var/run/log
12:09:37
#na 
bash: na: command not found
12:09:39
#netstat -na
tcp4       0      0  192.168.15.21.49550    62.149.17.62.18030     TIME_WAIT
tcp4       0      0  192.168.15.21.53574    62.149.17.62.18030     TIME_WAIT
tcp4       0      0  *.587                  *.*                    LISTEN
tcp4       0      0  *.25                   *.*                    LISTEN
tcp4       0      0  127.0.0.1.953          *.*                    LISTEN
tcp4       0      0  127.0.0.1.53           *.*                    LISTEN
tcp4       0      0  192.168.15.21.53       *.*                    LISTEN
tcp4       0      0  192.168.15.21.55568    205.188.7.250.5190     ESTABLISHED
tcp4       0      0  *.53159                *.*                    LISTEN
tcp4       0      0  *.6000                 *.*                    LISTEN
...
c1c3494c stream      0      0 c1f1d440        0        0        0 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
c1c35000 stream      0      0 c1c36660        0        0        0 /var/run/devd.pipe
c3f1308c dgram       0      0        0 c1c34dac        0        0
c227ca64 dgram       0      0        0 c1c34e38        0 c1c34a64
c1c34a64 dgram       0      0        0 c1c34e38        0 c1c349d8
c1c349d8 dgram       0      0        0 c1c34e38        0        0
c1c34d20 dgram       0      0 c1c36770        0        0        0 /var/named/var/run/log
c1c34dac dgram       0      0 c1c36880        0 c3f1308c        0 /var/run/log
c1c34e38 dgram       0      0 c1c36990        0 c227ca64        0 /var/run/logpriv
c1c34ec4 dgram       0      0 c1c36aa0        0        0        0 /var/run/log
12:09:41
#sockstat
USER     COMMAND    PID   FD PROTO  LOCAL ADDRESS         FOREIGN ADDRESS
smmsp    sendmail   5802  3  dgram  -> /var/run/log
root     sendmail   5798  3  tcp4   *:25                  *:*
root     sendmail   5798  4  dgram  -> /var/run/logpriv
root     sendmail   5798  5  tcp4   *:587                 *:*
bind     named      5688  3  dgram  -> /var/run/logpriv
bind     named      5688  20 udp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  21 tcp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  22 udp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  23 tcp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
...
root     Xorg       668   30 stream /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
user     xinit      667   3  stream -> /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
root     login      609   3  dgram  -> /var/run/logpriv
root     sshd       485   3  tcp4   *:22                  *:*
root     syslogd    304   3  dgram  /var/run/log
root     syslogd    304   4  dgram  /var/run/logpriv
root     syslogd    304   5  dgram  /var/run/log
root     syslogd    304   6  dgram  /var/named/var/run/log
root     syslogd    304   7  udp4   *:514                 *:*
root     devd       271   4  stream /var/run/devd.pipe
12:09:47
#sockstat -l4
USER     COMMAND    PID   FD PROTO  LOCAL ADDRESS         FOREIGN ADDRESS
root     sendmail   5798  3  tcp4   *:25                  *:*
root     sendmail   5798  5  tcp4   *:587                 *:*
bind     named      5688  20 udp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  21 tcp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  22 udp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  23 tcp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  24 udp4   *:54241               *:*
bind     named      5688  25 tcp4   127.0.0.1:953         *:*
user     licq       2395  8  tcp4   *:53159               *:*
root     Xorg       668   1  tcp4   *:6000                *:*
root     sshd       485   3  tcp4   *:22                  *:*
root     syslogd    304   7  udp4   *:514                 *:*
12:09:49
#make && make install
/usr/bin/m4 -D_CF_DIR_=/usr/share/sendmail/cf/   /usr/share/sendmail/cf/m4/cf.m4 fbsd1.unix.nt.mc > fbsd1.unix.nt.cf
install -m 444 fbsd1.unix.nt.cf /etc/mail/sendmail.cf
install -m 444 fbsd1.unix.nt.submit.cf /etc/mail/submit.cf
12:11:39
#sockstat -l4
USER     COMMAND    PID   FD PROTO  LOCAL ADDRESS         FOREIGN ADDRESS
root     sendmail   5798  3  tcp4   *:25                  *:*
root     sendmail   5798  5  tcp4   *:587                 *:*
bind     named      5688  20 udp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  21 tcp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  22 udp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  23 tcp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  24 udp4   *:54241               *:*
bind     named      5688  25 tcp4   127.0.0.1:953         *:*
user     licq       2395  8  tcp4   *:53159               *:*
root     Xorg       668   1  tcp4   *:6000                *:*
root     sshd       485   3  tcp4   *:22                  *:*
root     syslogd    304   7  udp4   *:514                 *:*
12:11:42
#sockstat -l4
USER     COMMAND    PID   FD PROTO  LOCAL ADDRESS         FOREIGN ADDRESS
root     sendmail   5798  3  tcp4   *:25                  *:*
root     sendmail   5798  5  tcp4   *:587                 *:*
bind     named      5688  20 udp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  21 tcp4   192.168.15.21:53      *:*
bind     named      5688  22 udp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  23 tcp4   127.0.0.1:53          *:*
bind     named      5688  24 udp4   *:54241               *:*
bind     named      5688  25 tcp4   127.0.0.1:953         *:*
user     licq       2395  8  tcp4   *:53159               *:*
root     Xorg       668   1  tcp4   *:6000                *:*
root     sshd       485   3  tcp4   *:22                  *:*
root     syslogd    304   7  udp4   *:514                 *:*
12:16:31
#vi fbsd1.unix.nt.mc
12:18:34
#telnet 127.0.0.1 25 
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.linux.nt.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 fbsd1.unix.nt ESMTP Sendmail 8.13.4/8.13.4; Thu, 21 Sep 2006 12:20:18 +0300 (EEST)
HELLO s
500 5.5.1 Command unrecognized: "HELLO s"
HELO s
250 fbsd1.unix.nt Hello localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1], pleased to meet you
MAIL FROM user@lav.unix.nt
501 5.5.2 Syntax error in parameters scanning "FROM"
...
ewjfkh
wejfh
.
250 2.0.0 k8L9KIF7005964 Message accepted for delivery
500 5.5.1 Command unrecognized: ""
jg{e
500 5.5.1 Command unrecognized: "jg{e"
QUIT
221 2.0.0 fbsd1.unix.nt closing connection
Connection closed by foreign host.
/dev/ttyp7
12:23:14
$mail
Mail version 8.1 6/6/93.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/user": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 user@lav.unix.nt      Thu Sep 21 12:22  15/476
& 1
Message 1:
From user@lav.unix.nt Thu Sep 21 12:22:53 2006
Date: Thu, 21 Sep 2006 12:20:18 +0300 (EEST)
From: User User <user@lav.unix.nt>
To: undisclosed-recipients:;
jkfshdfk
ewjfkh
wejfh
& d
& t
No applicable messages
& q
12:27:47
$date |mail user










12:31:07




$mail





No mail for user











12:31:10




$date | ail user












12:31:18




$mail





No mail for user











12:31:21




$date | mail user@lav.unix.nt












12:31:48




$mail


Mail version 8.1 6/6/93.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/user": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 user@fbsd1.linux.nt   Thu Sep 21 12:31  17/693
& 1
Message 1:
From user@fbsd1.linux.nt Thu Sep 21 12:31:49 2006
Date: Thu, 21 Sep 2006 12:31:48 +0300 (EEST)
From: User User <user@fbsd1.linux.nt>
To: user@lav.unix.nt
ÞÅÔ×ÅÒÇ, 21 ÓÅÎÔÑÂÒÑ 2006 Ç. 12:31:48 (EEST)
& d
& t
No applicable messages
& ^[[A^[[Aq       q"
& qnown command: "











12:32:08




$date | mail user@server2..nt












12:32:16




$mail


Mail version 8.1 6/6/93.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/user": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 user@fbsd1.linux.nt   Thu Sep 21 12:32  17/717
& 1
Message 1:
From user@fbsd1.linux.nt Thu Sep 21 12:32:16 2006
Date: Thu, 21 Sep 2006 12:32:16 +0300 (EEST)
From: User User <user@fbsd1.linux.nt>
To: user@server2.lav.unix.nt
ÞÅÔ×ÅÒÇ, 21 ÓÅÎÔÑÂÒÑ 2006 Ç. 12:32:16 (EEST)
& d
& t
No applicable messages
& q











12:32:26




$mail





No mail for user











/dev/ttyp2
12:34:17




#vi f













12:34:17




#vi fbsd1.unix.nt.mc










/dev/ttyp7
12:34:53




$mail user


Subject: ddd
jhdfjkhsdjkf
.
EOT











/dev/ttyp2
12:35:47




#/etc/rc.d/sendmail restart


Stopping sendmail.
Stopping sendmail_clientmqueue.
Starting sendmail.











12:36:06




#mail user@sergey.unix.nt


Sep 21 12:36:06 fbsd1 sm-mta[6138]: starting daemon (8.13.4): SMTP+queueing@00:30:00
Sep 21 12:36:06 fbsd1 sm-msp-queue[6142]: starting daemon (8.13.4): queueing@00:30:00
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sendmail[6205]: k8L9qd2E006205: from=user, size=36, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210952.k8L9qd2E006205@fbsd1.unix.nt>, relay=user@localhost
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sm-mta[6211]: k8L9qdqU006211: from=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, size=351, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210952.k8L9qd2E006205@fbsd1.unix.nt>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sendmail[6205]: k8L9qd2E006205: to=user, ctladdr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30036, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (k8L9qdqU006211 Message accepted for delivery)
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qdqU006211: to=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=esmtp, pri=30351, relay=fbsd1.linux.nt. [192.168.15.3], dsn=5.7.1, stat=User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qdqU006211: k8L9qeqU006213: DSN: User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqU006213: to=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=31375, relay=fbsd1.linux.nt. [192.168.15.3], dsn=5.7.1, stat=User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqU006213: k8L9qeqV006213: return to sender: User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqV006213: to=root, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=32399, relay=local, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent
...
Sep 21 14:32:25 fbsd1 sm-mta[6703]: k8LBWPHo006701: k8LBWPHo006703: DSN: Host unknown (Name server: sergey.unix.nt: host not found)
Sep 21 14:32:25 fbsd1 sm-mta[6703]: k8LBWPHo006703: to=<user@server2.lav.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=31427, relay=local, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent
Subject: proverka
dklwg
wergkl
werg
wegtnjk
.
EOT
You have mail in /var/mail/user









прошло 16 минут




/dev/ttyp7
12:52:39




$mail





No mail for user











12:52:42




$hostname


fbsd1.unix.nt











/dev/ttyp5
12:52:55




#tail -f /var/log/maillog





Sep 21 12:36:06 fbsd1 sm-mta[6138]: starting daemon (8.13.4): SMTP+queueing@00:30:00
Sep 21 12:36:06 fbsd1 sm-msp-queue[6142]: starting daemon (8.13.4): queueing@00:30:00
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sendmail[6205]: k8L9qd2E006205: from=user, size=36, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210952.k8L9qd2E006205@fbsd1.unix.nt>, relay=user@localhost
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sm-mta[6211]: k8L9qdqU006211: from=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, size=351, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210952.k8L9qd2E006205@fbsd1.unix.nt>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sendmail[6205]: k8L9qd2E006205: to=user, ctladdr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30036, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (k8L9qdqU006211 Message accepted for delivery)
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qdqU006211: to=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=esmtp, pri=30351, relay=fbsd1.linux.nt. [192.168.15.3], dsn=5.7.1, stat=User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qdqU006211: k8L9qeqU006213: DSN: User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqU006213: to=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=31375, relay=fbsd1.linux.nt. [192.168.15.3], dsn=5.7.1, stat=User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqU006213: k8L9qeqV006213: return to sender: User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqV006213: to=root, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=32399, relay=local, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent
...
Sep 21 14:32:25 fbsd1 sm-mta[6703]: k8LBWPHo006701: k8LBWPHo006703: DSN: Host unknown (Name server: sergey.unix.nt: host not found)
Sep 21 14:32:25 fbsd1 sm-mta[6703]: k8LBWPHo006703: to=<user@server2.lav.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=31427, relay=local, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent
Sep 21 14:39:36 fbsd1 sendmail[6904]: k8LBdaIY006904: from=user, size=52, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609211139.k8LBdaIY006904@server2.lav.unix.nt>, relay=root@localhost
Sep 21 14:39:36 fbsd1 sm-mta[6910]: k8LBdabt006910: from=<user@server2.lav.unix.nt>, size=386, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609211139.k8LBdaIY006904@server2.lav.unix.nt>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Sep 21 14:39:36 fbsd1 sendmail[6904]: k8LBdaIY006904: to=user@sergey.unix.nt, ctladdr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30052, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (k8LBdabt006910 Message accepted for delivery)
Sep 21 14:39:37 fbsd1 sm-mta[6912]: k8LBdabt006910: to=<user@sergey.unix.nt>, ctladdr=<user@server2.lav.unix.nt> (1001/0), delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=esmtp, pri=30386, relay=yellow.sergey.unix.nt. [192.168.15.4], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (k8LBceBZ012303 Message accepted for delivery)
.unix.nt>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Sep 21 14:39:36 fbsd1 sendmail[6904]: k8LBdaIY006904: to=user@sergey.unix.nt, ct
laddr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer
^C











/dev/ttyp7
12:53:53




$hostname=lav.unix.net












12:54:09




$hostname


fbsd1.unix.nt











12:54:12




$hostname av.unix.net





hostname: sethostname: Operation not permitted











12:54:23




$sudo ame lav.unix.net


Password:











12:54:31




$hostname


lav.unix.net











12:54:35




$mail user


Sep 21 12:36:06 fbsd1 sm-mta[6138]: starting daemon (8.13.4): SMTP+queueing@00:30:00
Sep 21 12:36:06 fbsd1 sm-msp-queue[6142]: starting daemon (8.13.4): queueing@00:30:00
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sendmail[6205]: k8L9qd2E006205: from=user, size=36, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210952.k8L9qd2E006205@fbsd1.unix.nt>, relay=user@localhost
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sm-mta[6211]: k8L9qdqU006211: from=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, size=351, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210952.k8L9qd2E006205@fbsd1.unix.nt>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sendmail[6205]: k8L9qd2E006205: to=user, ctladdr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30036, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (k8L9qdqU006211 Message accepted for delivery)
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qdqU006211: to=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=esmtp, pri=30351, relay=fbsd1.linux.nt. [192.168.15.3], dsn=5.7.1, stat=User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qdqU006211: k8L9qeqU006213: DSN: User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqU006213: to=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=31375, relay=fbsd1.linux.nt. [192.168.15.3], dsn=5.7.1, stat=User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqU006213: k8L9qeqV006213: return to sender: User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqV006213: to=root, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=32399, relay=local, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent
Sep 21 12:54:46 fbsd1 sendmail[6274]: k8L9skX9006274: from=user, size=28, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210954.k8L9skX9006274@lav.unix.net>, relay=user@localhost
Sep 21 12:54:46 fbsd1 sm-mta[6280]: k8L9skmY006280: ruleset=check_mail, arg1=<user@lav.unix.net>, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1], reject=553 5.1.8 <user@lav.unix.net>... Domain of sender address user@lav.unix.net does not exist
Sep 21 12:54:46 fbsd1 sendmail[6274]: k8L9skX9006274: to=user, ctladdr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30028, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=5.6.0, stat=Data format error
Sep 21 12:54:46 fbsd1 sm-mta[6280]: k8L9skmY006280: from=<user@lav.unix.net>, size=28, class=0, nrcpts=0, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Subject: qwer
qqq
.
EOT











12:54:45




$/home/user/dead.letter... Saved message in /home/user/dead.letter















12:54:55




$mail





No mail for user











12:54:57




$mail





No mail for user











12:54:58




$mail user


Sep 21 12:36:06 fbsd1 sm-mta[6138]: starting daemon (8.13.4): SMTP+queueing@00:30:00
Sep 21 12:36:06 fbsd1 sm-msp-queue[6142]: starting daemon (8.13.4): queueing@00:30:00
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sendmail[6205]: k8L9qd2E006205: from=user, size=36, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210952.k8L9qd2E006205@fbsd1.unix.nt>, relay=user@localhost
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sm-mta[6211]: k8L9qdqU006211: from=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, size=351, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210952.k8L9qd2E006205@fbsd1.unix.nt>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sendmail[6205]: k8L9qd2E006205: to=user, ctladdr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30036, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (k8L9qdqU006211 Message accepted for delivery)
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qdqU006211: to=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=esmtp, pri=30351, relay=fbsd1.linux.nt. [192.168.15.3], dsn=5.7.1, stat=User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qdqU006211: k8L9qeqU006213: DSN: User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqU006213: to=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=31375, relay=fbsd1.linux.nt. [192.168.15.3], dsn=5.7.1, stat=User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqU006213: k8L9qeqV006213: return to sender: User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqV006213: to=root, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=32399, relay=local, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent
...
Sep 21 12:55:19 fbsd1 sendmail[6319]: k8L9tJJr006319: from=user, size=40, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210955.k8L9tJJr006319@lav.unix.net>, relay=user@localhost
Sep 21 12:55:19 fbsd1 sm-mta[6325]: k8L9tJEf006325: ruleset=check_mail, arg1=<user@lav.unix.net>, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1], reject=553 5.1.8 <user@lav.unix.net>... Domain of sender address user@lav.unix.net does not exist
Sep 21 12:55:19 fbsd1 sendmail[6319]: k8L9tJJr006319: to=user, ctladdr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30040, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=5.6.0, stat=Data format error
Sep 21 12:55:19 fbsd1 sm-mta[6325]: k8L9tJEf006325: from=<user@lav.unix.net>, size=40, class=0, nrcpts=0, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Subject: fewf
wjkefh
werjk
kg
.
EOT











12:55:19




$/home/user/dead.letter... Saved message in /home/user/dead.letter





mail user











12:55:40




$hostname lav.unix.nt





hostname: sethostname: Operation not permitted











12:55:51




$sudo ame lav.unix.nt












12:55:55




$hostname


lav.unix.nt











12:55:58




$sudo hostname server2.lav.unix.nt












12:56:26




$hostname


Sep 21 12:36:06 fbsd1 sm-mta[6138]: starting daemon (8.13.4): SMTP+queueing@00:30:00
Sep 21 12:36:06 fbsd1 sm-msp-queue[6142]: starting daemon (8.13.4): queueing@00:30:00
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sendmail[6205]: k8L9qd2E006205: from=user, size=36, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210952.k8L9qd2E006205@fbsd1.unix.nt>, relay=user@localhost
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sm-mta[6211]: k8L9qdqU006211: from=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, size=351, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210952.k8L9qd2E006205@fbsd1.unix.nt>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sendmail[6205]: k8L9qd2E006205: to=user, ctladdr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30036, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (k8L9qdqU006211 Message accepted for delivery)
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qdqU006211: to=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=esmtp, pri=30351, relay=fbsd1.linux.nt. [192.168.15.3], dsn=5.7.1, stat=User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qdqU006211: k8L9qeqU006213: DSN: User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqU006213: to=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=31375, relay=fbsd1.linux.nt. [192.168.15.3], dsn=5.7.1, stat=User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqU006213: k8L9qeqV006213: return to sender: User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqV006213: to=root, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=32399, relay=local, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent
...
Sep 21 12:54:46 fbsd1 sm-mta[6280]: k8L9skmY006280: from=<user@lav.unix.net>, size=28, class=0, nrcpts=0, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Sep 21 12:55:19 fbsd1 sendmail[6319]: k8L9tJJr006319: from=user, size=40, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210955.k8L9tJJr006319@lav.unix.net>, relay=user@localhost
Sep 21 12:55:19 fbsd1 sm-mta[6325]: k8L9tJEf006325: ruleset=check_mail, arg1=<user@lav.unix.net>, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1], reject=553 5.1.8 <user@lav.unix.net>... Domain of sender address user@lav.unix.net does not exist
Sep 21 12:55:19 fbsd1 sendmail[6319]: k8L9tJJr006319: to=user, ctladdr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30040, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=5.6.0, stat=Data format error
Sep 21 12:55:19 fbsd1 sm-mta[6325]: k8L9tJEf006325: from=<user@lav.unix.net>, size=40, class=0, nrcpts=0, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Sep 21 12:56:37 fbsd1 sendmail[6388]: k8L9ubKN006388: from=user, size=27, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210956.k8L9ubKN006388@server2.lav.unix.nt>, relay=user@localhost
Sep 21 12:56:37 fbsd1 sm-mta[6394]: k8L9ubTm006394: from=<user@server2.lav.unix.nt>, size=366, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210956.k8L9ubKN006388@server2.lav.unix.nt>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Sep 21 12:56:37 fbsd1 sendmail[6388]: k8L9ubKN006388: to=user, ctladdr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30027, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (k8L9ubTm006394 Message accepted for delivery)
Sep 21 12:56:37 fbsd1 sm-mta[6395]: k8L9ubTm006394: to=<user@server2.lav.unix.nt>, ctladdr=<user@server2.lav.unix.nt> (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=30642, relay=local, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent
server2.lav.unix.nt











12:56:30




$mail user


Subject: dfg
wrg
.
EOT











12:56:37




$mail


Mail version 8.1 6/6/93.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/user": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 user@server2.lav.uni  Thu Sep 21 12:56  18/707   "dfg"
& 1
Message 1:
From user@server2.lav.unix.nt Thu Sep 21 12:56:37 2006
Date: Thu, 21 Sep 2006 12:56:37 +0300 (EEST)
From: User User <user@server2.lav.unix.nt>
To: user@server2.lav.unix.nt
Subject: dfg
...
No applicable messages
& t
No applicable messages
& t
No applicable messages
& t
No applicable messages
& q
New mail has arrived.
You have mail in /var/mail/user









прошло 95 минут




/dev/ttyp2
14:32:24




#dig sergey.unix.nt mx


; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> sergey.unix.nt mx
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 48134
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;sergey.unix.nt.                        IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
.                       10726   IN      SOA     A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006092001 1800 900 604800 86400
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 14:33:39 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 107
You have new mail in /var/mail/user











14:33:39




#dig sergey.unix.nt mx


; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> sergey.unix.nt mx
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 31912
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;sergey.unix.nt.                        IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
.                       10651   IN      SOA     A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006092001 1800 900 604800 86400
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 14:34:54 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 107











14:34:54




#dig sergey.unix.nt mx @192.168.15.4


; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> sergey.unix.nt mx @192.168.15.4
; (1 server found)
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 64102
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;sergey.unix.nt.                        IN      MX
;; ANSWER SECTION:
sergey.unix.nt.         86400   IN      MX      1 yellow.sergey.unix.nt.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
sergey.unix.nt.         86400   IN      NS      yellow.sergey.unix.nt.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
yellow.sergey.unix.nt.  86400   IN      A       192.168.15.4
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.15.4#53(192.168.15.4)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 14:35:12 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 85











14:35:12




#rndc flush












14:35:25




#dig sergey.unix.nt mx


; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> sergey.unix.nt mx
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 300
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;sergey.unix.nt.                        IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
.                       10800   IN      SOA     A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006092001 1800 900 604800 86400
;; Query time: 162 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 14:35:48 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 107











14:35:48




#dig sergey.unix.nt mx


; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> sergey.unix.nt mx
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 40480
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;sergey.unix.nt.                        IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
.                       10779   IN      SOA     A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006092001 1800 900 604800 86400
;; Query time: 2 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 14:36:09 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 107











14:36:09




#rndc flush












14:36:32




#dig sergey.unix.nt mx


; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> sergey.unix.nt mx
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 18745
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;sergey.unix.nt.                        IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
.                       10800   IN      SOA     A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006092001 1800 900 604800 86400
;; Query time: 2118 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 14:36:36 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 107











14:36:36




#less /etc/namedb/named.conf










14:37:30




#vietc/namedb/named.conf


// If you have IPv6 enabled on this system, uncomment this option for
// use as a local resolver.  To give access to the network, specify
// an IPv6 address, or the keyword "any".
//      listen-on-v6    { ::1; };
// In addition to the "forwarders" clause, you can force your name
// server to never initiate queries of its own, but always ask its
// forwarders only, by enabling the following line:
//
//      forward only;
// If you've got a DNS server around at your upstream provider, enter
// its IP address here, and enable the line below.  This will make you
// benefit from its cache, thus reduce overall DNS traffic in the Internet.
        forwarders {
                192.168.15.254;
        };
        /*
         * If there is a firewall between you and nameservers you want
/etc/namedb/named.conf: 138 ÓÔÒÏË, 3891 ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×











14:37:46




#dig sergey.unix.nt mx


; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> sergey.unix.nt mx
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 24391
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;sergey.unix.nt.                        IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
.                       10727   IN      SOA     A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006092001 1800 900 604800 86400
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 14:37:49 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 107











14:37:49




#dig sergey.unix.nt mx


; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> sergey.unix.nt mx
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 54437
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;sergey.unix.nt.                        IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
.                       10726   IN      SOA     A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006092001 1800 900 604800 86400
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 14:37:50 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 107











14:37:50




#rndc flush












14:37:55




#dig sergey.unix.nt mx


; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> sergey.unix.nt mx
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 37010
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;sergey.unix.nt.                        IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
.                       10800   IN      SOA     A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2006092001 1800 900 604800 86400
;; Query time: 80 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 14:37:57 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 107











14:37:57




#/etc/rc.d/named restart


Stopping named.
Waiting for PIDS: 5688.
Starting named.











14:38:24




#dig sergey.unix.nt mx


; <<>> DiG 9.3.1 <<>> sergey.unix.nt mx
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 24835
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;sergey.unix.nt.                        IN      MX
;; ANSWER SECTION:
sergey.unix.nt.         86256   IN      MX      1 yellow.sergey.unix.nt.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
sergey.unix.nt.         86256   IN      NS      yellow.sergey.unix.nt.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
yellow.sergey.unix.nt.  86256   IN      A       192.168.15.4
;; Query time: 3 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Sep 21 14:38:27 2006
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 85











14:38:27




#mail user@sergey.unix.nt


Sep 21 12:36:06 fbsd1 sm-mta[6138]: starting daemon (8.13.4): SMTP+queueing@00:30:00
Sep 21 12:36:06 fbsd1 sm-msp-queue[6142]: starting daemon (8.13.4): queueing@00:30:00
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sendmail[6205]: k8L9qd2E006205: from=user, size=36, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210952.k8L9qd2E006205@fbsd1.unix.nt>, relay=user@localhost
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sm-mta[6211]: k8L9qdqU006211: from=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, size=351, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609210952.k8L9qd2E006205@fbsd1.unix.nt>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Sep 21 12:52:39 fbsd1 sendmail[6205]: k8L9qd2E006205: to=user, ctladdr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30036, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (k8L9qdqU006211 Message accepted for delivery)
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qdqU006211: to=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=esmtp, pri=30351, relay=fbsd1.linux.nt. [192.168.15.3], dsn=5.7.1, stat=User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qdqU006211: k8L9qeqU006213: DSN: User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqU006213: to=<user@fbsd1.unix.nt>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=esmtp, pri=31375, relay=fbsd1.linux.nt. [192.168.15.3], dsn=5.7.1, stat=User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqU006213: k8L9qeqV006213: return to sender: User unknown
Sep 21 12:52:40 fbsd1 sm-mta[6213]: k8L9qeqV006213: to=root, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=32399, relay=local, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent
...
Sep 21 14:39:36 fbsd1 sendmail[6904]: k8LBdaIY006904: from=user, size=52, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609211139.k8LBdaIY006904@server2.lav.unix.nt>, relay=root@localhost
Sep 21 14:39:36 fbsd1 sm-mta[6910]: k8LBdabt006910: from=<user@server2.lav.unix.nt>, size=386, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200609211139.k8LBdaIY006904@server2.lav.unix.nt>, proto=ESMTP, daemon=MTA, relay=localhost.linux.nt [127.0.0.1]
Sep 21 14:39:36 fbsd1 sendmail[6904]: k8LBdaIY006904: to=user@sergey.unix.nt, ctladdr=user (1001/0), delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=30052, relay=[127.0.0.1] [127.0.0.1], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (k8LBdabt006910 Message accepted for delivery)
Sep 21 14:39:37 fbsd1 sm-mta[6912]: k8LBdabt006910: to=<user@sergey.unix.nt>, ctladdr=<user@server2.lav.unix.nt> (1001/0), delay=00:00:01, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=esmtp, pri=30386, relay=yellow.sergey.unix.nt. [192.168.15.4], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (k8LBceBZ012303 Message accepted for delivery)
Subject: privet
ewfd
f
wef
.
EOT











/dev/ttyp9
14:39:17




$mail


Mail version 8.1.2 01/15/2001.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/user": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 user@server2.lav.  Thu Sep 21 14:38   23/933   privet
& 1
Message 1:
From user@server2.lav.unix.nt  Thu Sep 21 14:38:41 2006
Date: Thu, 21 Sep 2006 14:39:36 +0300 (EEST)
From: User User <user@server2.lav.unix.nt>
To: user@localhost.localdomain
Subject: privet
...
From user@server2.lav.unix.nt  Thu Sep 21 14:38:41 2006
Date: Thu, 21 Sep 2006 14:39:36 +0300 (EEST)
From: User User <user@server2.lav.unix.nt>
To: user@localhost.localdomain
Subject: privet
ewfd
f
wef
& q
Saved 1 message in /home/user/mbox











/dev/ttyp2
14:39:36




#mail


Mail version 8.1 6/6/93.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/user": 0 messages
& q











/dev/ttyp9
14:39:56




$ssh 192.168.15.4


The authenticity of host '192.168.15.4 (192.168.15.4)' can't be established.
DSA key fingerprint is 76:66:1a:67:94:f1:6f:aa:db:69:59:23:92:4b:b2:b7.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.15.4' (DSA) to the list of known hosts.
Password:
Linux linux4.linux.nt 2.6.15.2 #1 Wed Jul 12 23:56:16 EEST 2006 i686
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
You have new mail.
Last login: Thu Sep 21 07:54:36 2006 from 192.168.15.254
l3-agent is already running: pid=4901; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid









Статистика
Время первой команды журнала11:17:17 2006- 9-21
Время последней команды журнала14:39:56 2006- 9-21
Количество командных строк в журнале101
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, %15.84
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % 0.99
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час 1.27
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин 1.33
Частота использования команд
mail21|===================| 19.27%
dig13|===========| 11.93%
vi11|==========| 10.09%
sockstat10|=========|  9.17%
hostname8|=======|  7.34%
tail4|===|  3.67%
date4|===|  3.67%
sudo3|==|  2.75%
/etc/rc.d/named3|==|  2.75%
rndc3|==|  2.75%
netstat3|==|  2.75%
ls3|==|  2.75%
ping2|=|  1.83%
ame2|=|  1.83%
less2|=|  1.83%
dead.letter...2|=|  1.83%
/etc/rc.d/sendmail2|=|  1.83%
named.conf2|=|  1.83%
na1||  0.92%
hostname=lav.unix.net1||  0.92%
telnet1||  0.92%
netstat-rn1||  0.92%
&1||  0.92%
host1||  0.92%
cd1||  0.92%
make1||  0.92%
ail1||  0.92%
ipfw1||  0.92%
ssh1||  0.92%
____
*) Интервалы неактивности длительностью 30 минут и более не учитываются
Справка
    Для того чтобы использовать LiLaLo, не нужно знать ничего особенного:
    всё происходит само собой.
    Однако, чтобы ведение и последующее использование журналов
    было как можно более эффективным, желательно иметь в виду следующее:
    
    
    
  1.  
    В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
    
    2. 
    
  2. 
    Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, 
    и команды записываются, дайте команду w.
    В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, 
    должна быть указана программа script.
    
    3. 
    
  3. 
    Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, 
    выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:

    

    


    $ l s-l
    

    bash: l: command not found

    
    		

    

    

    
    
    4. 
    
  4. 
    Если код завершения команды равен нулю, 
    команда была выполнена без ошибок.
    Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.

    

    


    $ test 5 -lt 4
    

    		

    

    
    Обратите внимание на то, что код завершения команды может быть отличен от нуля
    не только в тех случаях, когда команда была выполнена с ошибкой.
    Многие команды используют код завершения, например, для того чтобы показать результаты проверки

    
    
    5. 
    
  5. 
    Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.

    

    


    $ find / -name abc
    

    find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung
find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung
find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung
find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung
find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung
^C

    
    		

    

    

    
    
    6. 
    
  6. 
    Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя,
    выделяются слева красной чертой.

    

    


    # id
    

    uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root)

    
    		

    

    
    
    
    
    7. 
    
  7. 
    Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, 
    запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed.
    Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки,
    начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.

    

    


    $ vi ~/.bashrc
    

    2a3,5
>    if [ -f /usr/local/etc/bash_completion ]; then
>         . /usr/local/etc/bash_completion
>        fi

    		

    

    
    
    
    
    8. 
    
  8. 
    Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте
    изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch.
    Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в
    качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения,
    и всавить скопированный текст:

    

    


    $ patch ~/.bashrc
    
    		

    

    
    В данном случае изменения применяются к файлу ~/.bashrc
    
    9. 
    
  9. 
    Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, 
    нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое
    описание команды.
    
    
    
    
    Если справочная информация о команде есть, 
    команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi.
    Если справочная информация отсутствует,
    команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe.
    Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, 
    если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно;
    (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo.
    Последнее возможно для редких команд.
    
    10. 
    
  10. 
    Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше 
    всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer.
    В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, 
    а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
    
    11. 
    
  11. 
    Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени 
    начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, 
    когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
    
    12. 
    
  12. 
    Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке.
    Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал
    текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
    
    13. 
    
  13. 
    Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала,
    таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить.
    Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом
    вверху страницы.
    
    14. 
    
  14. 
    Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки.
    Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v.
    Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий:
    ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей.
    Например, если в командной строке было введено:

    $ whoami

    

    user

    

    $ #^ Интересно, кто я?

    
    в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
    

    $ whoami

    

    user

    

    

      Интересно, кто я?
     
     
    
    15. 
    
  15. 
    Если комментарий содержит несколько строк,
    его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:

    $ whoami

    

    user

    

    $ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?

    

    Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым 
мы зарегистрировались в системе.
-
Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении 
в этом мире.

    
    В журнале это будет выглядеть так:

    

    


    $ whoami
    

    user

    

    Интересно, кто я?
    
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым
    
мы зарегистрировались в системе.
    

    
Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении
    
в этом мире.
    

    
    		

    

    
    Для разделения нескольких абзацев между собой
    используйте символ "-", один в строке.
    
    

    16. 
    
  16. 
    Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, 
    добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v 
    нужно использовать символы #=
    
    17. 

    
  17. 
    Содержимое файла может быть показано в журнале.
    Для этого его нужно вывести с помощью программы cat.
    Если вывод команды отметить симоволами #!, 
    содержимое файла будет показано в журнале
    в специально отведённой для этого секции.
    
    18. 

    
    
    
  18. 
    Для того чтобы вставить скриншот интересующего вас окна в журнал,
    нужно воспользоваться командой l3shot.
    После того как команда вызвана, нужно с помощью мыши выбрать окно, которое
    должно быть в журнале.
    
    19. 
    
    

    
    
    
  19. 
    Команды в журнале расположены в хронологическом порядке.
    Если две команды давались одна за другой, но на разных терминалах,
    в журнале они будут рядом, даже если они не имеют друг к другу никакого отношения.

    1
    2
3   
    4

    
    Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией.
    Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды.
    Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, 
    нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
    
    20. 
    
    



О программе
    

    LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.

    Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.

    (c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008

    

$Id$