Журнал лабораторных работ

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Журнал

Вторник (12/08/09)

/dev/pts/6
16:18:22
#/etc/init.d/zaptel restart
Zaptel telephony kernel driver: zaptel.
16:18:33
#ztcfg -vvv
Zaptel Version: 1.4.11
Echo Canceller: MG2
Configuration
======================
Channel map:
Channel 01: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Slaves: 01)
Channel 02: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Slaves: 02)
Channel 03: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Slaves: 03)
Channel 04: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Slaves: 04)
4 channels to configure.
16:18:48
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
16:19:02
#vim extensions.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-2969.20857.2282	2009-12-08 05:19:10.000000000 -1000
+++ extensions.conf	2009-12-08 05:24:45.000000000 -1000
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@
 ;exten => 202,n,Playback(demo-congrats)
 exten => 202,n,Hangup
 
+exten => 221,1,Answer
+exten => 221,n,Dial(ZAP/G1)
+
 exten => _2XX,1,Set(CALLERID(number)=5${CALLERID(number)})
 exten => _2XX,n,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN})
 
/dev/pts/12
16:19:02
#asterisk -rvvvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
[Dec  8 05:28:35] WARNING[4423]: chan_zap.c:957 zt_open: Unable to specify channel 1: Device or resource busy
[Dec  8 05:28:35] ERROR[4423]: chan_zap.c:7414 mkintf: Unable to open channel 1: Device or resource busy
here = 0, tmp->channel = 1, channel = 1
[Dec  8 05:28:35] ERROR[4423]: chan_zap.c:11900 build_channels: Unable to register channel '1'
[Dec  8 05:28:35] WARNING[4423]: chan_zap.c:11188 zap_restart: Reload channels from zap config failed!
    -- Remote UNIX connection
Executing last minute cleanups
  == Destroying musiconhold processes
Disconnected from Asterisk server
Executing last minute cleanups
/dev/pts/15
16:20:00
#minicom
 rule 4 /^\(133155[1,2]1[1,2]..\)/ /\1/
 rule 5 /^1[2-9]..[2-9]....../ /111/
!
voice translation-rule 222
 rule 1 /^911/ /222/
 rule 2 /^011.*/ /222/
 rule 3 /^\([2-9]..\)[2-9]....../ /222/
 rule 4 /^\(15[2,3][1,2][2-9]......\)/ /\1/
 rule 5 /^1[2-9]..[2-9]....../ /222/
!
...
*Dec  9 08:02:06.396: %ISDN-6-LAYER2UP: Layer 2 for Interface Se0/1/0:15, TEI 0 changed to up
 --More--
*Dec  9 08:02:08.388: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/1/0:15, changed state to up
 --More--
*Dec  9 08:04:44.296: %ISDN-6-CONNECT: Interface Serial0/1/0:1 is now connected to 101 N/A
 --More--
*Dec  9 08:04:50.292: %ISDN-6-CONNECT: Interface Serial0/1/0:1 is now connected to 101 N/A
 --More--
*Dec  9 08:04:59.680: %ISDN-6-DISCONNECT: Interface Serial0/1/0:1  disconnected from 101 , call lasted 15 seconds
 CTRL-A Z for help |  9600 8N1 | NOR | Minicom 2.3    | VT102 |      Offline
/dev/pts/6
16:25:41
#~

16:25:43
#strings /usr/lib/asterisk/modules/chan_sip.so | fgrep .conf

16:26:05
#vim ../zaptel.conf
/dev/pts/8
16:26:16
#ast
bash: ast: command not found
16:26:16
#asterisk -rv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
[Dec  8 05:31:25] WARNING[4182]: chan_zap.c:2498 pri_find_dchan: No D-channels available!  Using Primary channel 16 as D-channel anyway!
[Dec  8 05:31:30] WARNING[4182]: chan_zap.c:2498 pri_find_dchan: No D-channels available!  Using Primary channel 16 as D-channel anyway!
[Dec  8 05:31:35] WARNING[4182]: chan_zap.c:2498 pri_find_dchan: No D-channels available!  Using Primary channel 16 as D-channel anyway!
[Dec  8 05:31:40] WARNING[4182]: chan_zap.c:2498 pri_find_dchan: No D-channels available!  Using Primary channel 16 as D-channel anyway!
[Dec  8 05:31:45] WARNING[4182]: chan_zap.c:2498 pri_find_dchan: No D-channels available!  Using Primary channel 16 as D-channel anyway!
[Dec  8 05:31:50] WARNING[4182]: chan_zap.c:2498 pri_find_dchan: No D-channels available!  Using Primary channel 16 as D-channel anyway!
[Dec  8 05:31:55] WARNING[4182]: chan_zap.c:2498 pri_find_dchan: No D-channels available!  Using Primary channel 16 as D-channel anyway!
[Dec  8 05:32:00] WARNING[4182]: chan_zap.c:2498 pri_find_dchan: No D-channels available!  Using Primary channel 16 as D-channel anyway!
debian3*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
/dev/pts/6
16:26:43
#fxoks=1-
;
; Configuration file
;
; You need to restart Asterisk to re-configure the Zap channel
; CLI> reload chan_zap.so
[trunkgroups]
;               will reload the configuration file,
;
;               but not all configuration options are
; Trunk groups are used for NFAS or GR-303 connections.
...
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
16:28:19
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
16:28:47
#vim extensions.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-2969.7963.24323	2009-12-08 05:29:11.000000000 -1000
+++ extensions.conf	2009-12-08 05:29:25.000000000 -1000
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 exten => 202,n,Hangup
 
 exten => 221,1,Answer
-exten => 221,n,Dial(ZAP/G1)
+exten => 221,n,Dial(ZAP/G1/${EXTEN})
 
 exten => _2XX,1,Set(CALLERID(number)=5${CALLERID(number)})
 exten => _2XX,n,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN})
/dev/pts/12
16:28:47
#asterisk -rvvvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
    -- Executing [221@default:2] Dial("SIP/201-0a1cab60", "ZAP/G1/221") in new stack
[Dec  8 05:29:35] WARNING[4609]: app_dial.c:1202 dial_exec_full: Unable to create channel of type 'ZAP' (cause 34 - Circuit/channel congestion)
  == Everyone is busy/congested at this time (1:0/1/0)
  == Auto fallthrough, channel 'SIP/201-0a1cab60' status is 'CONGESTION'
    -- Saved useragent "Asterisk PBX" for peer poltava
    -- Remote UNIX connection
Executing last minute cleanups
  == Destroying musiconhold processes
Disconnected from Asterisk server
Executing last minute cleanups
/dev/pts/6
16:30:31
#ztcfg -vvv
Zaptel Version: 1.4.11
Echo Canceller: MG2
Configuration
======================
Channel map:
Channel 01: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Slaves: 01)
Channel 02: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Slaves: 02)
Channel 03: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Slaves: 03)
Channel 04: FXO Kewlstart (Default) (Slaves: 04)
4 channels to configure.
16:30:35
#ztscan
[1]
active=yes
alarms=OK
description=Wildcard TDM410P Board 1
name=WCTDM/0
manufacturer=Digium
devicetype=Wildcard TDM410P
location=PCI Bus 03 Slot 01
basechan=1
totchans=4
irq=20
type=analog
port=1,FXS
port=2,none
port=3,none
port=4,none
16:30:42
#vim zapata.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-2969.21829.24324	2009-12-08 05:30:48.000000000 -1000
+++ zapata.conf	2009-12-08 05:31:47.000000000 -1000
@@ -678,6 +678,6 @@
 ;dring2context=internal2 
 ; If no pattern is matched here is where we go.
 context=default
-channel => 1 
 group=1
+channel => 1 
 
16:31:47
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
16:32:22
#ssh 192.168.101.3
root@192.168.101.3's password:
Linux debian3 2.6.26-2-686 #1 SMP Wed Nov 4 20:45:37 UTC 2009 i686
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Tue Dec  8 05:18:03 2009 from 192.168.7.101
l3-agent is already running: pid=2605; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
/dev/pts/8
16:32:28
#;callerid="Cortelco 2500" <(256) 428-6126>
[trunkgroups]
[channels]
context=default
rxwink=300              ; Atlas seems to use long (250ms) winks
                                ; where the ring cadence is changed *after* the callerid spill.
usecallerid=yes
hidecallerid=no
callwaiting=yes
usecallingpres=yes
callwaitingcallerid=yes
...
channel => 1-2
                              ; and programs. Defaults to 1000.
                              ; channel. Two implementations are currently available - "fixed"
                              ; (with size always equals to jbmax-size) and "adaptive" (with
                              ; variable size, actually the new jb of IAX2). Defaults to fixed.
switchtype = euroisdn
signalling = pri_pce
context=default
group=1
channel => 1-2
16:33:53
#less /mnt/etc/asterisk/zapata.conf
16:34:19
#less /mnt/etc/zaptel.conf
прошло 17 минут
16:51:28
#;spanmap => 1,1,1
bchan=1-15
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
...
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
"/etc/zaptel.conf" 3L, 51C written
16:52:23
#/etc/init.d/zaptel restart
Zaptel telephony kernel driver: zaptel.
прошло 48 минут
17:41:20
#asterisk -rv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
1
> [ 02 01 7f ]
1
> Unnumbered frame:
1 > SAPI: 00  C/R: 1 EA: 0
>  TEI: 000        EA: 1
1 >   M3: 3   P/F: 1 M2: 3 11: 3  [ SABME (set asynchronous balanced mode extended) ]
> 0 bytes of data
quit
Executing last minute cleanups
17:41:25
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
17:41:31
#/etc/init.d/zaptel restart
Zaptel telephony kernel driver: zaptel.
17:41:36
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
17:41:54
#less /var/log/asterisk/messages
17:42:05
#vi /etc/asterisk/zapata.conf
/dev/pts/6
17:44:55
#vi /etc/asterisk/zapata.conf
/dev/pts/4
17:48:10
#less /etc/asterisk/
17:48:10
#less /etc/zaptel.conf

Среда (12/09/09)

/dev/pts/10
08:45:18
#screen -x
/dev/pts/4
08:45:35
#ztscan
[1]
active=yes
alarms=OK
description=Wildcard TE122 Card 0
name=WCT1/0
manufacturer=Digium
devicetype=Wildcard TE122
location=PCI Bus 02 Slot 03
basechan=1
totchans=31
irq=17
type=digital-E1
syncsrc=0
lbo=0 db (CSU)/0-133 feet (DSX-1)
coding_opts=HDB3
framing_opts=CCS,CRC4
coding=HDB3
framing=CCS
прошло 11 минут
/dev/pts/8
08:57:09
#30exit
bash: 30exit: command not found
/dev/pts/4
09:02:52
#cat /etc/asterisk/sip.conf
[general]
context=default
register => poltava:1234@192.168.102.1/kiev
; register => nt:1234@xgu.ru/vpoltava
[101]
username=phone
type=friend
host=dynamic
secret=123
callerid="gib-snom"
...
host=dynamic
secret=1234
; call-limit=1
; limitonpeers=yes
[vpoltava]
username=nt
nat=yes
type=friend
host=xgu.ru
secret=1234
прошла 21 минута
09:24:27
#exit
Connection to 192.168.101.3 closed.
/dev/pts/6
09:26:25
#; Whether or not to enable call waiting on internal extensions

/dev/pts/4
09:26:46
#cd /etc/asterisk/

09:26:52
#cat sip.conf
[general]
context=default
register => kiev:1234@192.168.101.3/poltava
register => nt:1234@xgu.ru/vkiev
[201]
type=friend
host=dynamic
secret=1234
callerid="Roman Sidorenko-MegaPhone"
[203]
...
secret=1234
;call-limit=1
;limitonpeers=yes
usecallerid=no
[vkiev]
type=friend
host=xgu.ru
;secret=1234
username=nt
nat=yes
09:26:56
#cat extensions.conf
[default]
exten => s,1,Answer
exten => s,n,Wait(1)
exten => s,n,Background(alba)
exten => 202,1,Answer
exten => 202,n,Wait(1)
exten => 202,n,Playback(alba)
;exten => 202,n,Playback(demo-congrats)
exten => 202,n,Hangup
exten => 221,1,Answer
...
;exten => _1XX,1,Dial(IAX2/poltava/${EXTEN})
exten => 999,1,Answer
exten => 999,n,Echo
exten => 999,n,Hangup
exten => 291,1,Dial(SIP/201,10)
exten => 291,n,Dial(SIP/vkiev/380674074085,10)
exten => 291,n,Hangup
;exten => 291,n,Wait(1)
;exten => 291,n,Playback(alba)
;exten => 291,n,Playback(demo-congrats)
09:30:18
#cat sip.conf
[general]
context=default
register => kiev:1234@192.168.101.3/poltava
register => nt:1234@xgu.ru/vkiev
[201]
type=friend
host=dynamic
secret=1234
callerid="Roman Sidorenko-MegaPhone"
[203]
...
secret=1234
;call-limit=1
;limitonpeers=yes
usecallerid=no
[vkiev]
type=friend
host=xgu.ru
;secret=1234
username=nt
nat=yes
прошло 55 минут
10:25:21
#vim sip.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-2909.7287.2878	2009-12-08 23:26:04.000000000 -1000
+++ sip.conf	2009-12-08 23:26:46.000000000 -1000
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 context=default
 
 register => kiev:1234@192.168.101.3/poltava
+register => fromDeb4:123@192.168.102.2/fromDeb4
 register => nt:1234@xgu.ru/vkiev
 
 [201]
10:26:46
#asterisk -rvvvvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
203/203                    (Unspecified)    D          0        Unmonitored
201/201                    192.168.102.102  D          2048     Unmonitored
6 sip peers [Monitored: 0 online, 0 offline Unmonitored: 3 online, 3 offline]
debian4*CLI> sip show registry
Host                            Username       Refresh State                Reg.Time
xgu.ru:5060                     nt                 105 Registered           Tue, 08 Dec 2009 23:28:15
192.168.102.2:5060              fromDeb4           105 Registered           Tue, 08 Dec 2009 23:28:15
192.168.101.3:5060              kiev               105 Registered           Tue, 08 Dec 2009 23:28:15
debian4*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
10:30:12
#cat extensions.conf
[default]
exten => s,1,Answer
exten => s,n,Wait(1)
exten => s,n,Background(alba)
exten => 202,1,Answer
exten => 202,n,Wait(1)
exten => 202,n,Playback(alba)
;exten => 202,n,Playback(demo-congrats)
exten => 202,n,Hangup
exten => 221,1,Answer
...
;exten => _1XX,1,Dial(IAX2/poltava/${EXTEN})
exten => 999,1,Answer
exten => 999,n,Echo
exten => 999,n,Hangup
exten => 291,1,Dial(SIP/201,10)
exten => 291,n,Dial(SIP/vkiev/380674074085,10)
exten => 291,n,Hangup
;exten => 291,n,Wait(1)
;exten => 291,n,Playback(alba)
;exten => 291,n,Playback(demo-congrats)
10:30:14
#asterisk -rvvvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
    -- Executing [202@default:1] Answer("SIP/kiev-08afecd0", "") in new stack
    -- Executing [202@default:2] Wait("SIP/kiev-08afecd0", "1") in new stack
    -- Executing [202@default:3] Playback("SIP/kiev-08afecd0", "alba") in new stack
    -- <SIP/kiev-08afecd0> Playing 'alba' (language 'en')
  == Spawn extension (default, 202, 3) exited non-zero on 'SIP/kiev-08afecd0'
  == Spawn extension (default, 202, 3) exited non-zero on 'SIP/201-08ae6448'
  == Spawn extension (default, 102, 1) exited non-zero on 'SIP/192.168.102.2-08ad9b28'
[Dec  8 23:38:16] NOTICE[4710]: chan_sip.c:14262 handle_request_invite: Unable to create/find SIP channel for this INVITE
[Dec  8 23:38:36] WARNING[4710]: chan_sip.c:1950 retrans_pkt: Maximum retries exceeded on transmission 00ff6e265199dbfd4a7808ac2a2ae414@192.168.102.2 for seqno 104 (Critical Response)
debian4*CLI>
прошло 79 минут
/dev/pts/0
11:49:57
#cd /etc/asterisk/

11:50:02
#vim extensions.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5621.1696.9306	2009-12-09 00:50:08.000000000 -1000
+++ extensions.conf	2009-12-09 00:50:30.000000000 -1000
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 exten => _1XX,1,Dial(SIP/poltava/${EXTEN})
 ;exten => _1XX,1,Dial(IAX2/poltava/${EXTEN})
 
+exten => _3XX,1,Dial(SIP/poltava/${EXTEN})
+
 exten => 999,1,Answer
 exten => 999,n,Echo
 exten => 999,n,Hangup
11:50:30
#asterisk -rvvvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
    -- Starting simple switch on 'Zap/1-1'
    -- Executing [301@default:1] Dial("Zap/1-1", "SIP/poltava/301") in new stack
    -- Called poltava/301
    -- SIP/poltava-08af9068 is making progress passing it to Zap/1-1
    -- SIP/poltava-08af9068 is ringing
    -- SIP/poltava-08af9068 answered Zap/1-1
  == Spawn extension (default, 301, 1) exited non-zero on 'Zap/1-1'
    -- Hungup 'Zap/1-1'
quit
Executing last minute cleanups
11:51:41
#vim extensions.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5621.6072.21512	2009-12-09 00:51:47.000000000 -1000
+++ extensions.conf	2009-12-09 00:52:23.000000000 -1000
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@
 exten => _1XX,1,Dial(SIP/poltava/${EXTEN})
 ;exten => _1XX,1,Dial(IAX2/poltava/${EXTEN})
 
-exten => _3XX,1,Dial(SIP/poltava/${EXTEN})
+exten => _3XX,1,Set(CALLERID(number)=${CALLERID(number)})
+exten => _3XX,n,Dial(SIP/poltava/${EXTEN})
 
 exten => 999,1,Answer
 exten => 999,n,Echo
11:52:23
#asterisk -rvvvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/asterisk.conf': Found
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/extconfig.conf': Found
Connected to Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3 currently running on debian4 (pid = 4684)
Verbosity is at least 5
debian4*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
11:52:30
#vim extensions.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5621.6564.9135	2009-12-09 00:52:31.000000000 -1000
+++ extensions.conf	2009-12-09 00:52:58.000000000 -1000
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
 exten => _1XX,1,Dial(SIP/poltava/${EXTEN})
 ;exten => _1XX,1,Dial(IAX2/poltava/${EXTEN})
 
-exten => _3XX,1,Set(CALLERID(number)=${CALLERID(number)})
-exten => _3XX,n,Dial(SIP/poltava/${EXTEN})
+;exten => _3XX,1,Set(CALLERID(number)=${CALLERID(number)})
+exten => _3XX,1,Dial(SIP/poltava/${EXTEN})
 
 exten => 999,1,Answer
 exten => 999,n,Echo
11:52:58
#vim zapata.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5621.31232.748	2009-12-09 00:53:04.000000000 -1000
+++ zapata.conf	2009-12-09 00:58:30.000000000 -1000
@@ -679,5 +679,6 @@
 ; If no pattern is matched here is where we go.
 context=default
 group=1
-channel => 1 
 
+channel => 1 
+callerid="Igor ChubIN<204>
11:58:30
#vim extensions.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5621.28943.568	2009-12-09 00:58:38.000000000 -1000
+++ extensions.conf	2009-12-09 01:01:06.000000000 -1000
@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@
 exten => 202,n,Hangup
 
 exten => 221,1,Answer
+exten => 221,1,Wait(2)
 exten => 221,n,Dial(ZAP/G1)
+exten => 221,1,Hangup
 
 exten => _2XX,1,Set(CALLERID(number)=5${CALLERID(number)})
 exten => _2XX,n,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN})
12:01:06
#vim zapata.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5621.8356.4412	2009-12-09 01:01:09.000000000 -1000
+++ zapata.conf	2009-12-09 01:01:23.000000000 -1000
@@ -679,6 +679,6 @@
 ; If no pattern is matched here is where we go.
 context=default
 group=1
+callerid="Igor ChubIN<221>
 
 channel => 1 
-callerid="Igor ChubIN<204>
12:01:23
#asterisk -rvvvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
 Destroying channels and reloading zaptel configuration.
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/zapata.conf': Found
    -- Registered channel 1, FXO Kewlstart signalling
    -- Automatically generated pseudo channel
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/users.conf': Found
    -- Starting simple switch on 'Zap/1-1'
    -- Hungup 'Zap/1-1'
[Dec  9 01:02:36] WARNING[4703]: chan_zap.c:1684 zt_set_hook: zt hook failed: Device or resource busy
debian4*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
12:02:44
#/etc/init.d/zaptel restart
Zaptel telephony kernel driver: zaptel.
12:02:51
#asterisk -rvvvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
    -- Hungup 'Zap/1-1'
debian4*CLI>
debian4*CLI>
debian4*CLI>
debian4*CLI> 3quit
debian4*CLI>
debian4*CLI>
debian4*CLI>
debian4*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
прошла 101 минута
13:44:42
#quit
bash: quit: command not found
13:44:42
#dfl',sd;lb;sdl
>
>
>
>
>
>
> q
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> sd;fmbv'sdkl;fmb
bash: dfl,sd;lb;sdl
q
sd;fmbvsdkl: command not found
bash: fmb: command not found
13:44:58
#sd
bash: sd: command not found
13:44:58
#bsdfk;bmasd
bash: bsdfk: command not found
bash: bmasd: command not found
13:44:59
#fb;sdb
bash: fb: command not found
bash: sdb: command not found
13:44:59
#cat iax
iax.conf        iax.conf.SAVED  iaxprov.conf
13:44:59
#cat iax.conf
[general]
context=default
register => kiev:1234@192.168.101.3
[poltava]
type=friend
host=dynamic
; 192.168.101.3
secret=1234
;call-limit=1
;limitonpeers=yes
deny=0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0
permit=192.168.101.3/255.255.255.255
trunk=yes
13:45:13
#vim iax.conf
прошло 45 минут
/dev/tty1
14:30:40
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
/dev/pts/0
14:36:37
#~

14:36:38
#vim extensions.conf
/dev/tty1
14:38:01
#{EXTEN})

/dev/pts/0
14:38:11
#{EXTEN})
exten => s,1,Answer
exten => s,n,Wait(1)
exten => s,n,Background(alba)
exten => 202,1,Answer
;exten => _1XX,1,Dial(IAX2/poltava/${EXTEN})
exten => 202,n,Wait(1)
exten => 202,n,Playback(alba)
;exten => _3XX,1,Set(CALLERID(number)=${CALLERID(number)})
;exten => 202,n,Playback(demo-congrats)
exten => _3XX,1,Dial(SIP/poltava/${EXTEN})
...
exten => 4000,1,Dial(SIP/vkiev/${EXTEN})
[internal]
exten => 221,1,Hangup
[inbound]
include => internal
exten => 221,1
[white]
include => internal
include => internal
"extensions.conf" 54L, 1035C written
14:47:05
#vim sip.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5621.6296.26783	2009-12-09 03:47:10.000000000 -1000
+++ sip.conf	2009-12-09 03:47:42.000000000 -1000
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 host=dynamic
 secret=1234
 callerid="Roman Sidorenko-MegaPhone"
+context=black
 
 [203]
 type=friend
14:47:42
#vim zapata.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5621.29294.27594	2009-12-09 03:47:48.000000000 -1000
+++ zapata.conf	2009-12-09 03:48:03.000000000 -1000
@@ -680,5 +680,5 @@
 context=default
 group=1
 callerid="Igor ChubIN<221>
-
+context=white
 channel => 1 
14:48:03
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
14:49:00
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
14:50:42
#vim zapata.conf
14:51:07
#; CallerID can be set to "asreceived" or a specific number if you want to

14:51:09
#vim extensions.conf
14:51:22
#:q
;mohinterpret=default
;
; when this channel places the peer on hold. It may be specified globally or on
; This option specifies which music on hold class to suggest to the peer channel
; want to create a single "group" for all channels of the PRI.
;
; switchtype = national
; signalling = pri_cpe
; group = 2
;  and they will be printed on the console when an inbound call comes in.
;
;dring1=95,0,0
;dring1context=internal1
;dring2context=internal2X patterns is to set any one of the dringXcontext fields
~
"zapata.conf" 683L, 24225C written
context=default
group=1
callerid="Igor ChubIN<221>
context=white
channel => 1
14:52:16
#/etc/init.d/zaptel restart
Zaptel telephony kernel driver: zaptel.
14:52:24
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
14:52:45
#asterisk -rvvvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
  == Everyone is busy/congested at this time (1:0/0/1)
  == Auto fallthrough, channel 'SIP/201-094828b0' status is 'CHANUNAVAIL'
    -- Executing [202@black:1] Set("SIP/201-09477548", "CALLERID(number)=5201") in new stack
    -- Executing [202@black:2] Dial("SIP/201-09477548", "SIP/202") in new stack
[Dec  9 03:53:11] WARNING[6703]: chan_sip.c:2921 create_addr: No such host: 202
[Dec  9 03:53:11] WARNING[6703]: app_dial.c:1202 dial_exec_full: Unable to create channel of type 'SIP' (cause 3 - No route to destination)
  == Everyone is busy/congested at this time (1:0/0/1)
  == Auto fallthrough, channel 'SIP/201-09477548' status is 'CHANUNAVAIL'
quit
Executing last minute cleanups
14:53:25
#vim sip.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5621.1338.32042	2009-12-09 03:53:37.000000000 -1000
+++ sip.conf	2009-12-09 03:54:11.000000000 -1000
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 [general]
-context=default
+context=internal
 
 register => kiev:1234@192.168.101.3/poltava
 register => fromDeb4:123@192.168.102.2/fromDeb4
14:54:11
#asterisk -rvvvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/users.conf': Found
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/sip_notify.conf': Found
    -- Executing [202@black:1] Set("SIP/201-09485890", "CALLERID(number)=5201") in new stack
    -- Executing [202@black:2] Dial("SIP/201-09485890", "SIP/202") in new stack
[Dec  9 03:54:24] WARNING[6730]: chan_sip.c:2921 create_addr: No such host: 202
[Dec  9 03:54:24] WARNING[6730]: app_dial.c:1202 dial_exec_full: Unable to create channel of type 'SIP' (cause 3 - No route to destination)
  == Everyone is busy/congested at this time (1:0/0/1)
  == Auto fallthrough, channel 'SIP/201-09485890' status is 'CHANUNAVAIL'
quit
Executing last minute cleanups
14:54:37
#vim extensions..co
14:54:50
#~
exten => _3XX,1,Dial(SIP/poltava/${EXTEN})
exten => 999,1,Answer
exten => 999,n,Echo
exten => 999,n,Hangup
exten => 291,1,Dial(SIP/201,10)
exten => 291,n,Dial(SIP/vkiev/380674074085,10)
exten => 291,n,Hangup
;exten => 291,n,Wait(1)
exten => _380XXXXXXXXX,1,Dial(SIP/vkiev/${EXTEN})
[inbound]
exten => 202,1,Answer
exten => 202,n,Wait(1)
exten => 202,n,Playback(alba)
;exten => 202,n,Playback(demo-congrats)
include => internal
exten => 202,n,Hangup
[white]
include => internal
include => outbound
"extensions.conf" 55L, 1036C written
14:56:18
#asterisk -rvvvv
Asterisk 1.4.21.2~dfsg-3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2008 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
This package has been modified for the Debian GNU/Linux distribution
Please report all bugs to http://bugs.debian.org/asterisk
=========================================================================
...
  == Spawn extension (internal, 202, 3) exited non-zero on 'SIP/kiev-09481f38'
  == Spawn extension (black, 202, 3) exited non-zero on 'SIP/201-09477548'
[Dec  9 03:56:55] NOTICE[6658]: chan_sip.c:14035 handle_request_invite: Call from '201' to extension '4000' rejected because extension not found.
    -- Starting simple switch on 'Zap/1-1'
    -- Hungup 'Zap/1-1'
    -- Starting simple switch on 'Zap/1-1'
    -- Hungup 'Zap/1-1'
[Dec  9 03:57:17] WARNING[6651]: chan_zap.c:1684 zt_set_hook: zt hook failed: Device or resource busy
debian4*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
14:57:42
#vim zapata.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5621.28098.22221	2009-12-09 03:57:59.000000000 -1000
+++ zapata.conf	2009-12-09 03:58:25.000000000 -1000
@@ -677,7 +677,7 @@
 ;dring2=325,95,0 
 ;dring2context=internal2 
 ; If no pattern is matched here is where we go.
+context=white
 group=1
 callerid="Igor ChubIN<221>
-context=white
 channel => 1 
/dev/pts/2
14:58:09
#top
top - 03:58:13 up 23:15,  7 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.02, 0.00
Tasks:  87 total,   1 running,  86 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  0.0%us,  0.0%sy,  0.0%ni, 99.8%id,  0.2%wa,  0.0%hi,  0.0%si,  0.0%st
Mem:   3099904k total,   219924k used,  2879980k free,   103804k buffers
  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
Swap:   996020k total,        0k used,   996020k free,    54104k cached
    1 root      20   0  2100  724  624 S    0  0.0   0:01.40 init
    2 root      15  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:00.00 kthreadd
    3 root      RT  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:00.00 migration/0
    4 root      15  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:00.22 ksoftirqd/0
...
  592 root      15  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:00.00 ksuspend_usbd
  594 root      15  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:00.00 khubd
  856 root      15  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:00.00 ata/0
  857 root      15  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:00.00 ata/1
  858 root      15  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:00.00 ata_aux
  898 root      15  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_eh_0
  899 root      15  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_eh_1
  900 root      15  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_eh_2
  901 root      15  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:00.00 scsi_eh_3
  980 root      15  -5     0    0    0 S    0  0.0   0:09.62 kjournald
/dev/pts/8
14:58:18
#exit
Connection to 192.168.101.3 closed.
/dev/pts/2
14:58:21
#screen -x
/dev/pts/0
14:58:25
#/etc/init.d/
acpid                  ifupdown-clean         rcS
alsa-utils             keymap.sh              reboot
asterisk               killprocs              rmnologin
atd                    lpd                    rsyslog
bootlogd               module-init-tools      screen-cleanup
bootmisc.sh            mountall-bootclean.sh  sendsigs
checkfs.sh             mountall.sh            single
checkroot.sh           mountdevsubfs.sh       ssh
console-screen.sh      mountkernfs.sh         stop-bootlogd
cron                   mountnfs-bootclean.sh  stop-bootlogd-single
dbus                   mountnfs.sh            udev
dhcp3-server           mountoverflowtmp       udev-mtab
exim4                  mtab.sh                umountfs
glibc.sh               networking             umountnfs.sh
hal                    nfs-common             umountroot
halt                   openbsd-inetd          urandom
hostname.sh            portmap                x11-common
hwclockfirst.sh        procps                 zaptel
hwclock.sh             rc
ifupdown               rc.local
14:58:25
#/etc/init.d/asterisk restart
Stopping Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
/dev/pts/2
14:58:45
#screen -ls
/dev/tty1
15:00:00
#screen -x
/dev/pts/6
15:00:16
#exit
Connection to 192.168.101.3 closed.
/dev/tty1
15:01:24
#screen -x
15:01:28
#screen
/dev/pts/1
15:01:30
#cd /etc/asterisk/

Файлы

  • /etc/asterisk/sip.conf
  • extensions.conf
  • iax.conf
  • sip.conf
  • /etc/asterisk/sip.conf
    >
    [general]
    context=default
    register => poltava:1234@192.168.102.1/kiev
    ; register => nt:1234@xgu.ru/vpoltava
    [101]
    username=phone
    type=friend
    host=dynamic
    secret=123
    callerid="gib-snom"
    [103]
    type=friend
    host=dynamic
    secret=123
    callerid="GIB-win"
    [kiev]
    type=friend
    host=dynamic
    secret=1234
    ; call-limit=1
    ; limitonpeers=yes
    [vpoltava]
    username=nt
    nat=yes
    type=friend
    host=xgu.ru
    secret=1234
    
    extensions.conf
    >
    [default]
    exten => s,1,Answer
    exten => s,n,Wait(1)
    exten => s,n,Background(alba)
    exten => 202,1,Answer
    exten => 202,n,Wait(1)
    exten => 202,n,Playback(alba)
    ;exten => 202,n,Playback(demo-congrats)
    exten => 202,n,Hangup
    exten => 221,1,Answer
    exten => 221,n,Dial(ZAP/G1)
    exten => _2XX,1,Set(CALLERID(number)=5${CALLERID(number)})
    exten => _2XX,n,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN})
    exten => 4000,1,Dial(SIP/vkiev/${EXTEN})
    exten => _380XXXXXXXXX,1,Dial(SIP/vkiev/${EXTEN})
    exten => _1XX,1,Dial(SIP/poltava/${EXTEN})
    ;exten => _1XX,1,Dial(IAX2/poltava/${EXTEN})
    exten => 999,1,Answer
    exten => 999,n,Echo
    exten => 999,n,Hangup
    exten => 291,1,Dial(SIP/201,10)
    exten => 291,n,Dial(SIP/vkiev/380674074085,10)
    exten => 291,n,Hangup
    ;exten => 291,n,Wait(1)
    ;exten => 291,n,Playback(alba)
    ;exten => 291,n,Playback(demo-congrats)
    
    iax.conf
    >
    [general]
    context=default
    register => kiev:1234@192.168.101.3
    [poltava]
    type=friend
    host=dynamic
    ; 192.168.101.3
    secret=1234
    ;call-limit=1
    ;limitonpeers=yes
    deny=0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0
    permit=192.168.101.3/255.255.255.255
    trunk=yes
    
    sip.conf
    >
    [general]
    context=default
    register => kiev:1234@192.168.101.3/poltava
    register => nt:1234@xgu.ru/vkiev
    [201]
    type=friend
    host=dynamic
    secret=1234
    callerid="Roman Sidorenko-MegaPhone"
    [203]
    type=friend
    host=dynamic
    secret=203
    callerid="Roman Sidorenko-softPhone"
    [204]
    type=friend
    host=dynamic
    secret=204
    callerid="Roman Sidorenko-winPhone"
    [205]
    type=friend
    host=dynamic
    ;secret=205
    callerid="Roman Sidorenko-Nokia"
    [poltava]
    type=friend
    host=dynamic
    ; 192.168.101.3
    secret=1234
    ;call-limit=1
    ;limitonpeers=yes
    usecallerid=no
    [vkiev]
    type=friend
    host=xgu.ru
    ;secret=1234
    username=nt
    nat=yes
    

    Статистика

    Время первой команды журнала16:18:22 2009-12- 8
    Время последней команды журнала15:01:30 2009-12- 9
    Количество командных строк в журнале101
    Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % 3.96
    Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % 7.92
    Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час 2.25
    Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин 0.75
    Частота использования команд
    vim20|==================| 18.52%
    asterisk13|============| 12.04%
    /etc/init.d/asterisk10|=========| 9.26%
    cat7|======| 6.48%
    screen6|=====| 5.56%
    /etc/init.d/zaptel5|====| 4.63%
    less5|====| 4.63%
    cd3|==| 2.78%
    ~3|==| 2.78%
    exit3|==| 2.78%
    {EXTEN})2|=| 1.85%
    ztcfg2|=| 1.85%
    vi2|=| 1.85%
    ztscan2|=| 1.85%
    strings1|| 0.93%
    sdb1|| 0.93%
    minicom1|| 0.93%
    quit1|| 0.93%
    fxoks=1-1|| 0.93%
    callerid="Cortelco1|| 0.93%
    spanmap1|| 0.93%
    fgrep1|| 0.93%
    (256)1|| 0.93%
    fb1|| 0.93%
    bsdfk1|| 0.93%
    Whether1|| 0.93%
    sdl1|| 0.93%
    sd1|| 0.93%
    30exit1|| 0.93%
    bmasd1|| 0.93%
    top1|| 0.93%
    :q1|| 0.93%
    dfl',sd1|| 0.93%
    /etc/init.d/1|| 0.93%
    lb1|| 0.93%
    1,1,11|| 0.93%
    ast1|| 0.93%
    ssh1|| 0.93%
    CallerID1|| 0.93%
    ____
    *) Интервалы неактивности длительностью 30 минут и более не учитываются

    Справка

    Для того чтобы использовать LiLaLo, не нужно знать ничего особенного: всё происходит само собой. Однако, чтобы ведение и последующее использование журналов было как можно более эффективным, желательно иметь в виду следующее:
    1. В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.

    2. Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.

    3. Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
      $ l s-l
      bash: l: command not found
      

    4. Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
      $ test 5 -lt 4
      Обратите внимание на то, что код завершения команды может быть отличен от нуля не только в тех случаях, когда команда была выполнена с ошибкой. Многие команды используют код завершения, например, для того чтобы показать результаты проверки

    5. Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
      $ find / -name abc
      find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung
      ^C
      

    6. Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
      # id
      uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root)
      

    7. Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
      $ vi ~/.bashrc
      2a3,5
      >    if [ -f /usr/local/etc/bash_completion ]; then
      >         . /usr/local/etc/bash_completion
      >        fi
      

    8. Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
      $ patch ~/.bashrc
      В данном случае изменения применяются к файлу ~/.bashrc

    9. Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.

      Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.

    10. Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.

    11. Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора

    12. Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.

    13. Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.

    14. Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:

      $ whoami
      
      user
      
      $ #^ Интересно, кто я?
      
      в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
      $ whoami
      
      user
      
      Интересно, кто я?

    15. Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:

      $ whoami
      
      user
      
      $ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
      
      Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым 
      мы зарегистрировались в системе.
      -
      Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении 
      в этом мире.
      
      В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
      $ whoami
      user
      
      Интересно, кто я?
      Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым
      мы зарегистрировались в системе.

      Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении
      в этом мире.
      Для разделения нескольких абзацев между собой используйте символ "-", один в строке.

    16. Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=

    17. Содержимое файла может быть показано в журнале. Для этого его нужно вывести с помощью программы cat. Если вывод команды отметить симоволами #!, содержимое файла будет показано в журнале в специально отведённой для этого секции.
    18. Для того чтобы вставить скриншот интересующего вас окна в журнал, нужно воспользоваться командой l3shot. После того как команда вызвана, нужно с помощью мыши выбрать окно, которое должно быть в журнале.
    19. Команды в журнале расположены в хронологическом порядке. Если две команды давались одна за другой, но на разных терминалах, в журнале они будут рядом, даже если они не имеют друг к другу никакого отношения.
      1
          2
      3   
          4
      
      Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.

    О программе

    LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
    Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
    (c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008

    $Id$