/l3/users/10-09-2007/nt-bsdnet/fbsd3.unix.nt/user :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 |
|
#/etc/rc.d/named restart
Stopping named: rndc failed, trying killall: No matching processes were found Starting named. |
#sockstat -4l | grep :53
bind named 4648 20 udp4 192.168.15.22:53 *:* bind named 4648 21 tcp4 192.168.15.22:53 *:* bind named 4648 22 udp4 127.0.0.1:53 *:* bind named 4648 23 tcp4 127.0.0.1:53 *:* |
#dig @127.0.0.1 host3.taras.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> @127.0.0.1 host3.taras.unix.nt ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 6449 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;host3.taras.unix.nt. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: host3.taras.unix.nt. 10800000 IN A 192.168.15.222 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: taras.unix.nt. 10800000 IN NS host1.taras.unix.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: host1.taras.unix.nt. 10800000 IN A 192.168.15.22 ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 11:56:33 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 89 |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
|
#host host2.taras.unix.nt
host2.taras.unix.nt has address 192.168.15.122 |
#host host1.andrey.unix.nt
Host host1.andrey.unix.nt not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) |
#dig @192.168.15.22.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> @192.168.15.22 host1.andrey.unix.nt ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 39681 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;host1.andrey.unix.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10776 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2007091201 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.22#53(192.168.15.22) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 11:59:43 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 113 |
#dig @192.168.15.22 host1.andrey.unix.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> @192.168.15.22 host1.andrey.unix.nt ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 29325 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;host1.andrey.unix.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10742 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2007091201 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.22#53(192.168.15.22) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 12:00:17 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 113 |
#dig @192.168.15.21ost1.andrey.unix.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> @192.168.15.21 host1.andrey.unix.nt ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 52104 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;host1.andrey.unix.nt. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: host1.andrey.unix.nt. 10800000 IN A 192.168.15.21 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: andrey.unix.nt. 10800000 IN NS host1.andrey.unix.nt. ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.21#53(192.168.15.21) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 12:00:51 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 68 |
$ssh root@192.168.15.21
Password: Last login: Thu Sep 13 11:26:14 2007 from host23.unix.nt Copyright (c) 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. FreeBSD 6.2-RELEASE (SMP) #0: Fri Jan 12 11:05:30 UTC 2007 Welcome to FreeBSD! Before seeking technical support, please use the following resources: o Security advisories and updated errata information for all releases are at http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ - always consult the ERRATA section for your release first as it's updated frequently. ... unfamiliar with FreeBSD's directory layout, please refer to the hier(7) manual page. If you are not familiar with manual pages, type `man man'. You may also use sysinstall(8) to re-enter the installation and configuration utility. Edit /etc/motd to change this login announcement. Removing stale pidfile Agent pid 6524 Enter passphrase for /root/.ssh/id_rsa: Identity added: /root/.ssh/id_rsa (/root/.ssh/id_rsa) Identity added: /root/.ssh/id_dsa (/root/.ssh/id_dsa) Identity added: /root/.ssh/identity (root@fbsd1.unix.nt) |
$su -
124 }; 125 }; } 126 */ 127 zone "andrey.unix.nt" { 128 type master; { 129 file "db.andrey.unix.nt"; Password: Removing stale pidfile Agent pid 5079 |
#vim /etc/namedb/db.taras.unix.nt
|
#tcpdump -n -i em0 -p udp
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on em0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes 12:20:55.789629 IP 192.168.15.180.33123 > 192.168.15.22.53: 27626 [1au] A? host1.taras.unix.nt. (48) 12:20:55.789917 IP 192.168.15.22.53 > 192.168.15.180.33123: 27626* 1/1/1 A 192.168.15.22 (78) 12:20:55.793491 IP 192.168.15.180.33123 > 192.168.15.22.53: 13813 [1au] AAAA? host1.taras.unix.nt. (48) 12:20:55.793929 IP 192.168.15.22.53 > 192.168.15.180.33123: 13813* 0/1/1 (109) 12:20:55.798630 IP 192.168.15.180.33123 > 192.168.15.22.53: 25976 [1au] MX? host1.taras.unix.nt. (48) 12:20:55.804665 IP 192.168.15.22.53 > 192.168.15.180.33123: 25976* 0/1/1 (109) 12:21:16.474539 IP 192.168.15.180.33123 > 192.168.15.22.53: 11722 [1au] A? host1.avetik.unix.nt. (49) 12:21:16.474943 IP 192.168.15.22.53 > 192.168.15.180.33123: 11722 0/13/14 (468) ... 12:25:04.298667 IP 192.168.15.22.51685 > 216.239.36.10.53: 43895 [1au] A? mail.google.com. (44) 12:25:04.453747 IP 216.239.36.10.53 > 192.168.15.22.51685: 43895*- 1/7/8 CNAME[|domain] 12:25:04.455122 IP 192.168.15.22.51685 > 216.239.38.10.53: 658 [1au] AAAA? mail.google.com. (44) 12:25:04.599285 IP 216.239.38.10.53 > 192.168.15.22.51685: 658*- 1/7/8 CNAME[|domain] 12:25:04.600220 IP 192.168.15.22.51685 > 209.85.137.9.53: 33097 [1au] AAAA? googlemail.l.google.com. (52) 12:25:04.663245 IP 209.85.137.9.53 > 192.168.15.22.51685: 33097*- 0/1/0 (89) ^C 133 packets captured 2415 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel |
#md
md5 mdconfig mdmfs mdnsd mdassembler mdcs2ecma mdnormalizer mdvalidater |
#md5
^C |
#man md5
|
#vim /etc/namedb/named.conf
|
#/etc/rc.d/named restart
Stopping named. Starting named. |
#host host1.andrey.unix.nt
host1.andrey.unix.nt has address 192.168.15.21 |
#host host2andrey.unix.nt
host2.andrey.unix.nt has address 192.168.15.121 |
#host host3andrey.unix.nt
host3.andrey.unix.nt has address 192.168.15.221 |
#host host3.avetik.nt
host3.avetik.unix.nt has address 192.168.15.223 |
#vim /etc/namedb/named.conf
|
#rndc reload
rndc: 'reload' failed: failure |
#tail -f /var/log/messages
Sep 13 12:19:35 fbsd3 su: user to root on /dev/ttyp9 Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[4648]: stopping command channel on 127.0.0.1#953 Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[4648]: stopping command channel on ::1#953 Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[4648]: exiting Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[5410]: starting BIND 9.3.3 -u bind -t /var/named -u bind Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[5410]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953 Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[5410]: command channel listening on ::1#953 Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[5410]: running Sep 13 12:34:35 fbsd3 named[5410]: /etc/namedb/named.conf:132: zone 'andrey.unix.nt': missing 'masters' entry Sep 13 12:34:35 fbsd3 named[5410]: reloading configuration failed: failure ^[^C |
#vim /etc/namedb/named.conf
|
#rndc reload
rndc: 'reload' failed: failure |
#tail -f /var/log/messages
Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[4648]: stopping command channel on ::1#953 Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[4648]: exiting Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[5410]: starting BIND 9.3.3 -u bind -t /var/named -u bind Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[5410]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953 Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[5410]: command channel listening on ::1#953 Sep 13 12:30:17 fbsd3 named[5410]: running Sep 13 12:34:35 fbsd3 named[5410]: /etc/namedb/named.conf:132: zone 'andrey.unix.nt': missing 'masters' entry Sep 13 12:34:35 fbsd3 named[5410]: reloading configuration failed: failure Sep 13 12:35:48 fbsd3 named[5410]: /etc/namedb/named.conf:134: unknown option 'master' Sep 13 12:35:48 fbsd3 named[5410]: reloading configuration failed: failure ^C |
#rndc reload
rndc: 'reload' failed: failure |
#vim /etc/namedb/named.conf
|
#rndc reload
server reload successful |
#vim /etc/namedb/slave/db.andrey.unix.nt
|
#host host1.andreynt
host1.andrey.unix.nt has address 192.168.15.21 |
#vim /etc/namedb/db.taras.unix.nt
|
#/etc/rc.d/named restart
Stopping named. Starting named. |
#tail -f /var/log/messages
Sep 13 12:35:48 fbsd3 named[5410]: reloading configuration failed: failure Sep 13 12:36:17 fbsd3 named[5410]: /etc/namedb/named.conf:134: unknown option 'master' Sep 13 12:36:17 fbsd3 named[5410]: reloading configuration failed: failure Sep 13 12:44:04 fbsd3 named[5410]: stopping command channel on 127.0.0.1#953 Sep 13 12:44:04 fbsd3 named[5410]: stopping command channel on ::1#953 Sep 13 12:44:04 fbsd3 named[5410]: exiting Sep 13 12:44:04 fbsd3 named[5663]: starting BIND 9.3.3 -u bind -t /var/named -u bind Sep 13 12:44:04 fbsd3 named[5663]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953 Sep 13 12:44:04 fbsd3 named[5663]: command channel listening on ::1#953 Sep 13 12:44:04 fbsd3 named[5663]: running q^C |
#vim /etc/rc.conf
|
#/etc/rc.d/named restart
Stopping named. Starting named. |
#tail -f /var/log/messages
Sep 13 12:44:04 fbsd3 named[5663]: command channel listening on ::1#953 Sep 13 12:44:04 fbsd3 named[5663]: running Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5663]: stopping command channel on 127.0.0.1#953 Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5663]: stopping command channel on ::1#953 Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5663]: exiting Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5763]: starting BIND 9.3.3 -u bind -d 5 -t /var/named -u bind Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5763]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953 Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5763]: command channel listening on ::1#953 Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5763]: isc_log_open 'named.run' failed: permission denied Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5763]: running q^C |
#mkdir /usr/X11R6/WIN_FONTS
|
#rsync -v 192.168.15.180:/mnt/Fonts/ /usr/X11R6/WIN_FONTS/
root@192.168.15.180's password: skipping directory /mnt/Fonts/. sent 8 bytes received 13 bytes 2.00 bytes/sec total size is 0 speedup is 0.00 |
#rsync -v 192.168.15.21:/usr/X11R6/WIN_FONTS/*
|
#man tail
|
$xinit -- :1
X Error: BadWindow (invalid Window parameter) 3 Major opcode: 19 Minor opcode: 0 Resource id: 0x1e0004a trying to create local folder /etc/fonts: Permission denied X Error: BadWindow (invalid Window parameter) 3 Major opcode: 20 Minor opcode: 0 Resource id: 0xc0065b X Error: BadWindow (invalid Window parameter) 3 ... klauncher: Fatal IO error: client killed FreeFontPath: FPE "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/" refcount is 2, should be 1; fixing. xinit: connection to X server lost. kdeinit: Fatal IO error: client killed kdeinit: sending SIGHUP to children. Hangup GOT SIGHUP kicker: sighandler called kdeinit: Fatal IO error: client killed kdeinit: sending SIGHUP to children. |
$xhst +
X Window System Version 6.9.0 Release Date: 21 December 2005 X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0, Release 6.9 Build Operating System: FreeBSD 6.2 i386 [ELF] Current Operating System: FreeBSD host1.taras.unix.nt 6.2-RELEASE FreeBSD 6.2-RELEASE #0: Fri Jan 12 11:05:30 UTC 2007 root@dessler.cse.buffalo.edu:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/SMP i386 Build Date: 16 October 2006 Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.X.Org to make sure that you have the latest version. Module Loader present Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting, ... Resource id: 0x1a00005 trying to create local folder /etc/fonts: Permission denied trying to create local folder /etc/fonts: Permission denied trying to create local folder /etc/fonts: Permission denied X Error: BadWindow (invalid Window parameter) 3 Major opcode: 19 Minor opcode: 0 Resource id: 0x1e0004a trying to create local folder /etc/fonts: Permission denied access control disabled, clients can connect from any host |
#tail -f -n 30 /var/log/messages
Sep 13 12:44:04 fbsd3 named[5663]: command channel listening on ::1#953 Sep 13 12:44:04 fbsd3 named[5663]: running Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5663]: stopping command channel on 127.0.0.1#953 Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5663]: stopping command channel on ::1#953 Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5663]: exiting Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5763]: starting BIND 9.3.3 -u bind -d 5 -t /var/named -u bind Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5763]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953 Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5763]: command channel listening on ::1#953 Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5763]: isc_log_open 'named.run' failed: permission denied Sep 13 12:45:00 fbsd3 named[5763]: running ... Sep 13 13:29:57 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6265 (kfontinst), uid 1001: exited on signal 11 Sep 13 13:30:04 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6267 (kfontinst), uid 1001: exited on signal 11 Sep 13 13:30:09 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6329 (kfontinst), uid 1001: exited on signal 11 Sep 13 13:30:17 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6346 (kfontinst), uid 1001: exited on signal 11 Sep 13 13:33:40 fbsd3 su: user to root on /dev/ttypf Sep 13 13:33:40 fbsd3 su: user to root on /dev/ttypf Sep 13 13:34:34 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6406 (kfontinst), uid 0: exited on signal 11 Sep 13 13:34:40 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6408 (kfontinst), uid 0: exited on signal 11 Sep 13 13:34:49 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6410 (kfontinst), uid 0: exited on signal 11 ^C |
#tail -f /var/log/messages
Sep 13 13:26:25 fbsd3 gconfd (user-4881): None of the resolved addresses are writable; saving configuration settings will not be possible Sep 13 13:29:57 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6265 (kfontinst), uid 1001: exited on signal 11 Sep 13 13:30:04 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6267 (kfontinst), uid 1001: exited on signal 11 Sep 13 13:30:09 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6329 (kfontinst), uid 1001: exited on signal 11 Sep 13 13:30:17 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6346 (kfontinst), uid 1001: exited on signal 11 Sep 13 13:33:40 fbsd3 su: user to root on /dev/ttypf Sep 13 13:33:40 fbsd3 su: user to root on /dev/ttypf Sep 13 13:34:34 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6406 (kfontinst), uid 0: exited on signal 11 Sep 13 13:34:40 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6408 (kfontinst), uid 0: exited on signal 11 Sep 13 13:34:49 fbsd3 kernel: pid 6410 (kfontinst), uid 0: exited on signal 11 ^C |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
|
#ping linux
ping: cannot resolve linux: Unknown host |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
|
#ping linux
ping: cannot resolve linux: Unknown host |
#l3-agent
Removing stale pidfile |
#ping linux
ping: cannot resolve linux: Unknown host |
#ping linux.com
PING linux.com (66.35.250.176): 56 data bytes ^C --- linux.com ping statistics --- 15 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
|
#ping linux.com
PING linux.com (66.35.250.176): 56 data bytes ^C --- linux.com ping statistics --- 9 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss |
#ping ya.ru
PING ya.ru (87.250.251.8): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 87.250.251.8: icmp_seq=0 ttl=53 time=168.587 ms 64 bytes from 87.250.251.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=53 time=159.503 ms 64 bytes from 87.250.251.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=53 time=103.183 ms 64 bytes from 87.250.251.8: icmp_seq=3 ttl=53 time=105.440 ms 64 bytes from 87.250.251.8: icmp_seq=4 ttl=53 time=100.960 ms 64 bytes from 87.250.251.8: icmp_seq=5 ttl=53 time=100.589 ms 64 bytes from 87.250.251.8: icmp_seq=6 ttl=53 time=101.982 ms ^C --- ya.ru ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 7 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 100.589/120.035/168.587/27.979 ms |
#dig dobro.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> dobro.nt ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 4187 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;dobro.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10800 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2007091201 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 218 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 15:05:42 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 101 |
#ping dobro.nt
^C |
#dig andrey.unix.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> andrey.unix.nt ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 50763 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;andrey.unix.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: andrey.unix.nt. 3600 IN SOA host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. user.host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. 2007150902 36000 3600 604800 3600 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 15:07:55 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 94 |
#dig andrey.unix.nt cname
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> andrey.unix.nt cname ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 48202 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;andrey.unix.nt. IN CNAME ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: andrey.unix.nt. 3600 IN SOA host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. user.host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. 2007150902 36000 3600 604800 3600 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 15:12:23 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 94 |
#dig andrey.unix.nt mx
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> andrey.unix.nt mx ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 14124 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;andrey.unix.nt. IN MX ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: andrey.unix.nt. 3600 IN SOA host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. user.host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. 2007150902 36000 3600 604800 3600 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 15:13:20 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 94 |
#dig andrey.unix.nt MX
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> andrey.unix.nt MX ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 7379 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;andrey.unix.nt. IN MX ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: andrey.unix.nt. 3600 IN SOA host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. user.host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. 2007150902 36000 3600 604800 3600 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 15:13:25 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 94 |
#dig andrey.unix.nt rr
;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 48698 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;andrey.unix.nt. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: andrey.unix.nt. 3600 IN SOA host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. user.host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. 2007150902 36000 3600 604800 3600 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 15:13:30 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 94 ; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> andrey.unix.nt rr ;; global options: printcmd ;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached |
#dig andrey.unix.nt NS
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> andrey.unix.nt NS ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 38238 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;andrey.unix.nt. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: andrey.unix.nt. 10800000 IN NS host1.andrey.unix.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: host1.andrey.unix.nt. 10800000 IN A 192.168.15.21 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 15:14:44 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 68 |
#dig andrey.unix.nt SOA
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> andrey.unix.nt SOA ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 64425 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;andrey.unix.nt. IN SOA ;; ANSWER SECTION: andrey.unix.nt. 10800000 IN SOA host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. user.host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. 2007150902 36000 3600 604800 3600 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: andrey.unix.nt. 10800000 IN NS host1.andrey.unix.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: host1.andrey.unix.nt. 10800000 IN A 192.168.15.21 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 15:14:49 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 130 |
#dig andrey.unix.nt MX
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> andrey.unix.nt MX ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 61770 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;andrey.unix.nt. IN MX ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: andrey.unix.nt. 3600 IN SOA host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. user.host1.andrey.unix.nt.andrey.unix.nt. 2007150902 36000 3600 604800 3600 ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 15:15:02 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 94 |
#dig 254.15.168.192.in-addr.arpa ptr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> 254.15.168.192.in-addr.arpa ptr ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 53902 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;254.15.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 254.15.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 10800 IN PTR host254.unix.nt. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: 15.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 10800 IN NS host180.unix.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: host180.unix.nt. 604800 IN A 192.168.15.180 ;; Query time: 5 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 15:15:59 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 112 |
#dig -x 192.168.15.254
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> -x 192.168.15.254 ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 63049 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;254.15.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 254.15.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 10723 IN PTR host254.unix.nt. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: 15.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 10723 IN NS host180.unix.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: host180.unix.nt. 604723 IN A 192.168.15.180 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 15:17:16 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 112 |
#ping ya.ru
PING ya.ru (213.180.204.8): 56 data bytes 92 bytes from 10.0.17.1: Destination Host Unreachable Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 5400 e769 0 0000 3f 01 22c4 192.168.15.22 213.180.204.8 92 bytes from 10.0.17.1: Destination Host Unreachable Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst 4 5 00 5400 e795 0 0000 3f 01 2298 192.168.15.22 213.180.204.8 ^C --- ya.ru ping statistics --- 10 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss |
#dig -x 192.168.15.254
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> -x 192.168.15.254 ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 44580 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;254.15.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; ANSWER SECTION: 254.15.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 10648 IN PTR host254.unix.nt. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: 15.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 10648 IN NS host180.unix.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: host180.unix.nt. 604648 IN A 192.168.15.180 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Sep 13 15:18:31 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 112 |
#dig 192.168.15.180 axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> 192.168.15.180 axfr ;; global options: printcmd ; Transfer failed. |
#dig 192.168.15.21xfr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> 192.168.15.21 axfr ;; global options: printcmd ; Transfer failed. |
#dig 192.168.15.21 axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> 192.168.15.21 axfr ;; global options: printcmd ; Transfer failed. |
#dig 192.168.15.180fr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> 192.168.15.180 axfr ;; global options: printcmd ; Transfer failed. |
#ping 192.168.15.22
PING 192.168.15.22 (192.168.15.22): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 192.168.15.22: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.067 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.22: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms ^C --- 192.168.15.22 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.058/0.062/0.067/0.005 ms |
#ping 192.168.15.21
PING 192.168.15.21 (192.168.15.21): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 192.168.15.21: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.585 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.21: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.414 ms ^C --- 192.168.15.21 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.414/0.499/0.585/0.085 ms |
#ping 192.168.15.180
PING 192.168.15.180 (192.168.15.180): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 192.168.15.180: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.366 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.180: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.304 ms ^C --- 192.168.15.180 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.304/0.335/0.366/0.031 ms |
#/etc/rc.d/na
named natd |
#/etc/rc.d/named status
named is running as pid 5925. |
#/etc/rc.d/named restart
Stopping named. Starting named. |
#dig 192.168.15.180 axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.3 <<>> 192.168.15.180 axfr ;; global options: printcmd ; Transfer failed. |
$su -0
Mail version 8.1 6/6/93. Type ? for help. "/var/mail/root": 1 message 1 new >N 1 user@host1.andrey.un Thu Sep 13 16:35 22/961 "eee" & su: illegal option -- 0 usage: su [-] [-flms] [-c class] [login [args]] |
$su -
Password: Removing stale pidfile Agent pid 7748 |
#mail
Mail version 8.1 6/6/93. Type ? for help. "/var/mail/root": 6 messages 1 new 6 unread U 1 root@fbsd3.unix.nt Sun Sep 9 03:02 40/987 "fbsd3.unix.nt securit" U 2 root@fbsd3.unix.nt Sun Sep 9 03:02 75/2489 "fbsd3.unix.nt daily r" U 3 root@fbsd3.unix.nt Thu Sep 13 03:02 46/1419 "fbsd3.unix.nt securit" U 4 root@fbsd3.unix.nt Thu Sep 13 03:02 81/2777 "fbsd3.unix.nt daily r" U 5 root@host1.taras.uni Thu Sep 13 15:57 18/659 >N 6 root@host1.taras.uni Thu Sep 13 16:03 18/724 "TEST FROM ANDREY" & 6 Message 6: From root@host1.taras.unix.nt Thu Sep 13 16:03:14 2007 Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2007 16:03:13 +0300 (EEST) From: Charlie Root <root@host1.taras.unix.nt> To: root@taras.unix.nt Subject: TEST FROM ANDREY TEST! & q Saved 1 message in mbox Held 5 messages in /var/mail/root |
#ls mbox
mbox |
#less mbox
|
#mail
Mail version 8.1 6/6/93. Type ? for help. "/var/mail/root": 1 message 1 unread >U 1 root@fbsd3.unix.nt Thu Sep 13 03:02 81/2777 "fbsd3.unix.nt daily r" & & q Saved 1 message in mbox Thu Sep 13 03:02:22 2007 Date: Thu, 13 Sep 2007 03:02:22 +0300 (EEST) From: Charlie Root <root@fbsd3.unix.nt> To: root@fbsd3.unix.nt Subject: fbsd3.unix.nt daily run output Removing stale files from /var/preserve: Cleaning out old system announcements: Removing stale files from /var/rwho: Backup passwd and group files: fbsd3.unix.nt passwd diffs: 30a31,32 > clint:(password):1002:0:russian:0:0:clint:/home/clint:/usr/local/bin/bash > newuser:(password):1003:1003::0:0:User &:/home/newuser:/bin/sh fbsd3.unix.nt group diffs: 36a37 > newuser:*:1003: |
#mail
No mail for root |
#host
Usage: host [-aCdlriTwv] [-c class] [-N ndots] [-t type] [-W time] [-R number] hostname [server] -a is equivalent to -v -t * -c specifies query class for non-IN data -C compares SOA records on authoritative nameservers -d is equivalent to -v -l lists all hosts in a domain, using AXFR -i IP6.INT reverse lookups -N changes the number of dots allowed before root lookup is done -r disables recursive processing -R specifies number of retries for UDP packets -t specifies the query type -T enables TCP/IP mode -v enables verbose output -w specifies to wait forever for a reply -W specifies how long to wait for a reply -4 use IPv4 query transport only -6 use IPv6 query transport only |
#hostname
host1.taras.unix.nt |
#mail
No mail for root |
#mail
No mail for root |
#vim /etc/namedb/
|
#vim /etc/namedb/db.taras.unix.nt
|
#/etc/rc.d/named restart
Stopping named. Starting named. |
#vim /etc/namedb/db.taras.unix.nt
|
#vim /etc/namedb/db.taras.unix.nt
|
#/etc/rc.d/named restart
Stopping named. Starting named. |
Время первой команды журнала | 11:55:58 2007- 9-13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 16:32:42 2007- 9-13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 17.82 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 2.28 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 0.74 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008