/l3/users/12-03-2007/nt-lnet/linux1.net.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 |
|
#host linux1
user@linux2's password: Permission denied, please try again. user@linux2's password: l3-agent is already running: pid=6773; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" linux1.net.nt has address 192.168.16.1 |
#host linux1
linux1.net.nt has address 192.168.16.1 |
#host linux1.net.nt
linux1.net.nt has address 192.168.16.1 |
#host linux1.net.nt
linux1.net.nt has address 192.168.16.1 |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
6c6 < search net.nt --- > search net.nt linux.nt |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
|
#host linux1.linux.nt
user@linux2's password: Permission denied, please try again. user@linux2's password: l3-agent is already running: pid=6773; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" Host linux1.linux.nt not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) |
#host linux1.linux.nt
Host linux1.linux.nt not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) |
#ssh root@192.168.16.15
Connection to 192.168.16.15 closed. |
#ssh root@192.168.16.15
Connection to 192.168.16.15 closed. |
#host linux1.linux.nt
linux1.linux.nt has address 192.168.15.1 |
#host linux1.linux.nt
linux1.linux.nt has address 192.168.15.1 |
#host linux1
user@linux2's password: Permission denied, please try again. user@linux2's password: l3-agent is already running: pid=6773; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" linux1.net.nt has address 192.168.16.1 |
#host linux1
linux1.net.nt has address 192.168.16.1 |
#host oes
user@linux2's password: Permission denied, please try again. user@linux2's password: l3-agent is already running: pid=6773; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" Host oes not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) |
#host oes
Host oes not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) |
#host xen1
xen1.linux.nt has address 192.168.15.251 |
#host xen1
xen1.linux.nt has address 192.168.15.251 |
#host xen2
xen2.linux.nt has address 192.168.15.252 |
#host xen2
xen2.linux.nt has address 192.168.15.252 |
#host win2003
user@linux2's password: Permission denied, please try again. user@linux2's password: l3-agent is already running: pid=6773; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" Host win2003 not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) |
#host win2003
Host win2003 not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) |
#host server0
Host server0 not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) |
#host server0
Host server0 not found: 3(NXDOMAIN) |
#ping linux1
[user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" PING linux1.net.nt (192.168.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from linux1.net.nt (192.168.16.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms 64 bytes from linux1.net.nt (192.168.16.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms --- linux1.net.nt ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.054/0.056/0.058/0.002 ms |
#ping linux1
PING linux1.net.nt (192.168.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from linux1.net.nt (192.168.16.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms 64 bytes from linux1.net.nt (192.168.16.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.054 ms --- linux1.net.nt ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.054/0.056/0.058/0.002 ms |
#man resolv
|
#man resolv
|
#apropos resolv
[user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" Gnome2::VFS::DNSSD::Resolve::Handle (3pm) - (неизвестный объект) Gnome2::VFS::Resolve::Handle (3pm) - (неизвестный объект) host.conf (5) - resolver configuration file resolv.conf (5) - resolver configuration file resolver (5) - resolver configuration file |
#apropos resolv
Gnome2::VFS::DNSSD::Resolve::Handle (3pm) - (неизвестный объект) Gnome2::VFS::Resolve::Handle (3pm) - (неизвестный объект) host.conf (5) - resolver configuration file resolv.conf (5) - resolver configuration file resolver (5) - resolver configuration file |
#man resolv.conf
|
#man resolv.conf
|
#apt-get install bind9
(Чтение базы данных... на данный момент установлено 79822 файлов и каталогов.) Распаковывается пакет bind9 (из файла .../bind9_1%3a9.3.4-2_i386.deb)... Настраивается пакет bind9 (9.3.4-2) ... Добавляется группа `bind' (GID 115) ... Готово. Добавляется системный пользователь `bind' (UID 112) ... Добавляется новый пользователь `bind' (UID 112) в группу `bind' ... Не создаётся домашний каталог `/var/cache/bind'. wrote key file "/etc/bind/rndc.key" Starting domain name service...: bind. |
#apt-get install bind9
Чтение списков пакетов... Готово Построение дерева зависимостей... Готово Предлагаемые пакеты: bind9-doc НОВЫЕ пакеты, которые будут установлены: bind9 обновлено 0, установлено 1 новых пакетов, для удаления отмечено 0 пакетов, и 103 пакетов не обновлено. Необходимо скачать 294kБ архивов. После распаковки объем занятого дискового пространства возрастёт на 782kB. Получено:1 http://192.168.16.15 etch/main bind9 1:9.3.4-2 [294kB] ... (Чтение базы данных... на данный момент установлено 79822 файлов и каталогов.) Распаковывается пакет bind9 (из файла .../bind9_1%3a9.3.4-2_i386.deb)... Настраивается пакет bind9 (9.3.4-2) ... Добавляется группа `bind' (GID 115) ... Готово. Добавляется системный пользователь `bind' (UID 112) ... Добавляется новый пользователь `bind' (UID 112) в группу `bind' ... Не создаётся домашний каталог `/var/cache/bind'. wrote key file "/etc/bind/rndc.key" Starting domain name service...: bind. |
#rndc
rndc rndc-confgen |
#rndc status
number of zones: 4 debug level: 0 xfers running: 0 xfers deferred: 0 soa queries in progress: 0 query logging is OFF recursive clients: 0/1000 tcp clients: 0/100 server is up and running |
#rndc
rndc rndc-confgen |
#rndc status
number of zones: 4 debug level: 0 xfers running: 0 xfers deferred: 0 soa queries in progress: 0 query logging is OFF recursive clients: 0/1000 tcp clients: 0/100 server is up and running |
#netstat -llnp | grep :53
[user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" tcp 0 0 192.168.16.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21608/named tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21608/named tcp6 0 0 :::53 :::* LISTEN 21608/named udp 0 0 192.168.16.1:53 0.0.0.0:* 21608/named udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* 21608/named udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5353 0.0.0.0:* 2584/avahi-daemon: udp6 0 0 :::53 :::* 21608/named |
#netstat -llnp | grep :53
tcp 0 0 192.168.16.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21608/named tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21608/named tcp6 0 0 :::53 :::* LISTEN 21608/named udp 0 0 192.168.16.1:53 0.0.0.0:* 21608/named udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* 21608/named udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5353 0.0.0.0:* 2584/avahi-daemon: udp6 0 0 :::53 :::* 21608/named |
#dig @127.0.0.1 mail.ru
mail.ru. 21600 IN NS ns1.mail.ru. mail.ru. 21600 IN NS ns2.mail.ru. mail.ru. 21600 IN NS ns3.mail.ru. mail.ru. 21600 IN NS ns4.mail.ru. mail.ru. 21600 IN NS ns5.mail.ru. ;; Query time: 300 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Mar 14 17:12:53 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 148 |
#dig @127.0.0.1 mail.ru
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> @127.0.0.1 mail.ru ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 22523 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mail.ru. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: mail.ru. 21600 IN A 194.67.57.26 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: mail.ru. 21600 IN NS ns.mail.ru. mail.ru. 21600 IN NS ns1.mail.ru. mail.ru. 21600 IN NS ns2.mail.ru. mail.ru. 21600 IN NS ns3.mail.ru. mail.ru. 21600 IN NS ns4.mail.ru. mail.ru. 21600 IN NS ns5.mail.ru. ;; Query time: 300 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Mar 14 17:12:53 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 148 |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
|
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
|
#ping ya.ru
64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=1 ttl=53 time=111 ms 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=2 ttl=53 time=110 ms 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=3 ttl=53 time=110 ms 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=4 ttl=53 time=109 ms 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=5 ttl=53 time=110 ms 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=6 ttl=53 time=113 ms 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=7 ttl=53 time=114 ms --- ya.ru ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 7 received, 0% packet loss, time 6105ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 109.419/111.715/114.749/1.834 ms |
#ping ya.ru
PING ya.ru (87.250.251.8) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=1 ttl=53 time=111 ms 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=2 ttl=53 time=110 ms 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=3 ttl=53 time=110 ms 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=4 ttl=53 time=109 ms 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=5 ttl=53 time=110 ms 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=6 ttl=53 time=113 ms 64 bytes from ya.ru (87.250.251.8): icmp_seq=7 ttl=53 time=114 ms --- ya.ru ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 7 received, 0% packet loss, time 6105ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 109.419/111.715/114.749/1.834 ms |
#ls /etc/bind/
user@linux2's password: Permission denied, please try again. user@linux2's password: l3-agent is already running: pid=6773; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" db.0 db.127 db.255 db.empty db.local db.root named.conf named.conf.local named.conf.options rndc.key zones.rfc1918 |
#ls /etc/bind/
db.0 db.127 db.255 db.empty db.local db.root named.conf named.conf.local named.conf.options rndc.key zones.rfc1918 |
#vim /etc/bind/named.conf
|
#vim /etc/bind/named.conf
|
#ssh root@192.168.16.15
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> net.nt txt chaos version.bind ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 36217 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10800 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2007031301 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 325 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Mar 14 17:21:54 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 105 |
#ssh root@192.168.16.15
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> net.nt txt chaos version.bind ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 36217 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: . 10800 IN SOA A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET. NSTLD.VERISIGN-GRS.COM. 2007031301 1800 900 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 325 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Mar 14 17:21:54 2007 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 105 |
#ssh linux2 halt
user@linux2's password: Permission denied, please try again. user@linux2's password: l3-agent is already running: pid=6773; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" ssh: linux2: Name or service not known |
#ssh linux2 halt
ssh: linux2: Name or service not known |
#ssh linux3 halt
user@linux2's password: Permission denied, please try again. user@linux2's password: l3-agent is already running: pid=6773; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" ssh: linux3: Name or service not known |
#ssh linux3 halt
ssh: linux3: Name or service not known |
#ping linux3
user@linux2's password: Permission denied, please try again. user@linux2's password: l3-agent is already running: pid=6773; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" ping: unknown host linux3 |
#ping linux3
ping: unknown host linux3 |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
7c7 < nameserver 127.0.0.1 --- > nameserver 192.168.16.15 |
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
7c7 < nameserver 127.0.0.1 --- > nameserver 192.168.16.15 |
#ping linux3
PING linux3.net.nt (192.168.16.3) 56(84) bytes of data. --- linux3.net.nt ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 999ms |
#ping linux3
PING linux3.net.nt (192.168.16.3) 56(84) bytes of data. --- linux3.net.nt ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 999ms |
#ping linux2
PING linux2.net.nt (192.168.16.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from mm02 (192.168.16.2): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.379 ms --- linux2.net.nt ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.379/0.379/0.379/0.000 ms |
#ping linux2
PING linux2.net.nt (192.168.16.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from mm02 (192.168.16.2): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.379 ms --- linux2.net.nt ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.379/0.379/0.379/0.000 ms |
#ssh linux2 halt
user@linux2's password: Permission denied, please try again. user@linux2's password: l3-agent is already running: pid=6773; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost --help xhost: unable to open display "" [user@linux2:~]$ xhost + xhost: unable to open display "" Enter passphrase for key '/root/.ssh/id_rsa': |
#ssh linux2 halt
Enter passphrase for key '/root/.ssh/id_rsa': |
#mount
/dev/hda1 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro) tmpfs on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) procbususb on /proc/bus/usb type usbfs (rw) udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=620) /dev/hda9 on /home type ext3 (rw) /dev/hda8 on /tmp type ext3 (rw) /dev/hda5 on /usr type ext3 (rw) /dev/hda6 on /var type ext3 (rw) /dev/sdb on /media/usbdisk type vfat (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,quiet,shortname=mixed,uid=1000,gid=1000,umask=077,iocharset=utf8) |
#mount
/dev/hda1 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro) tmpfs on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) procbususb on /proc/bus/usb type usbfs (rw) udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=620) /dev/hda9 on /home type ext3 (rw) /dev/hda8 on /tmp type ext3 (rw) /dev/hda5 on /usr type ext3 (rw) /dev/hda6 on /var type ext3 (rw) /dev/sdb on /media/usbdisk type vfat (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,quiet,shortname=mixed,uid=1000,gid=1000,umask=077,iocharset=utf8) |
#mount /mnt/ /dev/sda
mount: you must specify the filesystem type |
#mount /mnt/ /dev/sda
mount: you must specify the filesystem type |
#tail /var/log/messages
Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 1368592 Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 4 Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 5 Mar 14 19:13:42 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 6 Mar 14 19:13:42 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 7 Mar 14 19:14:16 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 8 Mar 14 19:14:17 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 9 Mar 14 19:14:17 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 10 Mar 14 19:14:18 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 11 |
#tail /var/log/messages
Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 1368592 Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 4 Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 5 Mar 14 19:13:42 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 6 Mar 14 19:13:42 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 7 Mar 14 19:14:16 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 8 Mar 14 19:14:17 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 9 Mar 14 19:14:17 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 10 Mar 14 19:14:18 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 11 |
#tail -f /var/log/messages
Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 1368592 Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 4 Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 5 Mar 14 19:13:42 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 6 Mar 14 19:13:42 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 7 Mar 14 19:14:16 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 8 Mar 14 19:14:17 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 9 Mar 14 19:14:17 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 10 Mar 14 19:14:18 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 11 ... Mar 14 19:20:09 linux1 kernel: SCSI device sdb: 1985664 512-byte hdwr sectors (1017 MB) Mar 14 19:20:09 linux1 kernel: sdb: Write Protect is off Mar 14 19:20:09 linux1 kernel: SCSI device sdb: 1985664 512-byte hdwr sectors (1017 MB) Mar 14 19:20:09 linux1 kernel: sdb: Write Protect is off Mar 14 19:20:09 linux1 kernel: sdb: unknown partition table Mar 14 19:20:09 linux1 kernel: sd 3:0:0:0: Attached scsi removable disk sdb Mar 14 19:24:11 linux1 kernel: usb 4-5: reset high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 17 Mar 14 19:28:35 linux1 kernel: usb 4-2: reset high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 16 Mar 14 19:28:35 linux1 kernel: usb 4-5: USB disconnect, address 17 Mar 14 19:30:31 linux1 kernel: usb 4-2: USB disconnect, address 16 |
#tail -f /var/log/messages
Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 1368592 Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 4 Mar 14 19:13:41 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 5 Mar 14 19:13:42 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 6 Mar 14 19:13:42 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 7 Mar 14 19:14:16 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 8 Mar 14 19:14:17 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 9 Mar 14 19:14:17 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 10 Mar 14 19:14:18 linux1 kernel: usb 4-1: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 11 ... Mar 14 19:20:09 linux1 kernel: SCSI device sdb: 1985664 512-byte hdwr sectors (1017 MB) Mar 14 19:20:09 linux1 kernel: sdb: Write Protect is off Mar 14 19:20:09 linux1 kernel: SCSI device sdb: 1985664 512-byte hdwr sectors (1017 MB) Mar 14 19:20:09 linux1 kernel: sdb: Write Protect is off Mar 14 19:20:09 linux1 kernel: sdb: unknown partition table Mar 14 19:20:09 linux1 kernel: sd 3:0:0:0: Attached scsi removable disk sdb Mar 14 19:24:11 linux1 kernel: usb 4-5: reset high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 17 Mar 14 19:28:35 linux1 kernel: usb 4-2: reset high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 16 Mar 14 19:28:35 linux1 kernel: usb 4-5: USB disconnect, address 17 Mar 14 19:30:31 linux1 kernel: usb 4-2: USB disconnect, address 16 |
#dpkg -l | grep bind
ii libguile-ltdl-1 1.6.8-6 Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl ii libgutenprint2 5.0.0-3 runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library ii bind9 9.3.4-2 Internet Domain Name Server ii bind9-host 9.3.4-2 Version of 'host' bundled with BIND 9.X ii libbind9-0 9.3.4-2 BIND9 Shared Library used by BIND ii python-cairo 1.2.0-1 Python bindings for the Cairo vector graphic ii python-glade2 2.8.6-8 GTK+ bindings: Glade support ii python-gnome2 2.12.4-6 Python bindings for the GNOME desktop enviro ii python-gnome2-desktop 2.14.0-3 Python bindings for the GNOME desktop enviro ii python-gnome2-extras 2.14.2-1+b1 Python bindings for the GNOME desktop enviro ... ii python-qt3 3.16-1.2 Qt3 bindings for Python ii python-selinux 1.32-3 Python bindings to SELinux shared libraries ii python-semanage 1.8-1 Python bindings for SELinux policy manipula ii python-sip4 4.4.5-4 Python/C++ bindings generator runtime librar ii python-vte 0.12.2-4 Python bindings for the VTE widget set y manipula ii python-sip4 4.4.5-4 Python/C++ bindings generator runt ime librar ii python-vte 0.12.2-4 Python bindings for the VTE widget set |
#dpkg -l
ii libhsqldb-java 1.8.0.7-1 Java SQL database engine ii libice6 1.0.1-2 X11 Inter-Client Exchange library ii libicu36 3.6-2 International Components for Unicode (libraries) ii libid3tag0 0.15.1b-10 ID3 tag reading library from the MAD project ii libident 0.22-3 simple RFC1413 client library - runtime ii libidl0 0.8.6-1 library for parsing CORBA IDL files ii libidn11 0.6.5-1 GNU libidn library, implementation of IETF IDN specifica ii libiec61883-0 1.1.0-2 an partial implementation of IEC 61883 ii libieee1284-3 0.2.10-4 cross-platform library for parallel port access ii libijs-0.35 0.35-3 IJS raster image transport protocol: shared library ... ii libufsparse 1.2-7 collection of libraries for computations for sparse matr ii libusb-0.1-4 0.1.12-2 userspace USB programming library ii libuuid1 1.39+1.40-WIP-2006.1 universally unique id library ii libvisual-0.4-0 0.4.0-1 Audio visualization framework ii libvolume-id0 0.103-2 libvolume_id shared library ii libvorbis0a 1.1.2.dfsg-1.2 The Vorbis General Audio Compression Codec ii libvorbisenc2 1.1.2.dfsg-1.2 The Vorbis General Audio Compression Codec ii libvorbisfile3 1.1.2.dfsg-1.2 The Vorbis General Audio Compression Codec ii libvte-common 0.12.2-4 Terminal emulator widget for GTK+ 2.0 - common files ii libvte4 0.12.2-4 Terminal emulator widget for GTK+ 2.0 - runtime files |
#cd /etc/bind/
ii libgssapi2 0.10-4 A mechanism-switch gssapi library ii libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4 GStreamer libraries from the "base" set ii libgstreamer0.10-0 0.10.10-2 Core GStreamer libraries and elements ii libgtk2-perl 1.140-1 Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib ii libgtk2.0-0 2.8.20-5 The GTK+ graphical user interface library ii libgtk2.0-bin 2.8.20-5 The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtk2.0-common 2.8.20-5 Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtkhtml2-0 2.11.0-3 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO ii libgtkhtml3.8-15 3.12.1-2 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files ii libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a 2.8.8-1 C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries) ... ii libgtop2-7 2.14.4-3 gtop system monitoring library ii libgtop2-common 2.14.4-3 common files for the gtop system monitoring library ii libgucharmap4 1.6.0-1 Unicode browser widget library (shared library) ii libguile-ltdl-1 1.6.8-6 Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl ii libgutenprint2 5.0.0-3 runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library y manipula ii python-sip4 4.4.5-4 Python/C++ bindings generator runt ime librar ii python-vte 0.12.2-4 Python bindings for the VTE widget set |
#cd..
ii libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4 GStreamer libraries from the "base" set ii libgstreamer0.10-0 0.10.10-2 Core GStreamer libraries and elements ii libgtk2-perl 1.140-1 Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib ii libgtk2.0-0 2.8.20-5 The GTK+ graphical user interface library ii libgtk2.0-bin 2.8.20-5 The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtk2.0-common 2.8.20-5 Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtkhtml2-0 2.11.0-3 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO ii libgtkhtml3.8-15 3.12.1-2 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files ii libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a 2.8.8-1 C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries) ii libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1 common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget ... ii libgtop2-common 2.14.4-3 common files for the gtop system monitoring library ii libgucharmap4 1.6.0-1 Unicode browser widget library (shared library) ii libguile-ltdl-1 1.6.8-6 Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl ii libgutenprint2 5.0.0-3 runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library bash: cd..: command not found y manipula ii python-sip4 4.4.5-4 Python/C++ bindings generator runt ime librar ii python-vte 0.12.2-4 Python bindings for the VTE widget set |
#cd ..
|
#cp -r bind/ bind.orig/
ii libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4 GStreamer libraries from the "base" set ii libgstreamer0.10-0 0.10.10-2 Core GStreamer libraries and elements ii libgtk2-perl 1.140-1 Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib ii libgtk2.0-0 2.8.20-5 The GTK+ graphical user interface library ii libgtk2.0-bin 2.8.20-5 The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtk2.0-common 2.8.20-5 Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtkhtml2-0 2.11.0-3 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO ii libgtkhtml3.8-15 3.12.1-2 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files ii libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a 2.8.8-1 C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries) ii libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1 common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget ... ii libgtop2-common 2.14.4-3 common files for the gtop system monitoring library ii libgucharmap4 1.6.0-1 Unicode browser widget library (shared library) ii libguile-ltdl-1 1.6.8-6 Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl ii libgutenprint2 5.0.0-3 runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library cp: указанная цель `bind.orig/' не является каталогом: No such file or directory y manipula ii python-sip4 4.4.5-4 Python/C++ bindings generator runt ime librar ii python-vte 0.12.2-4 Python bindings for the VTE widget set |
#mkdir bind.orig/
ii libgssapi2 0.10-4 A mechanism-switch gssapi library ii libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4 GStreamer libraries from the "base" set ii libgstreamer0.10-0 0.10.10-2 Core GStreamer libraries and elements ii libgtk2-perl 1.140-1 Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib ii libgtk2.0-0 2.8.20-5 The GTK+ graphical user interface library ii libgtk2.0-bin 2.8.20-5 The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtk2.0-common 2.8.20-5 Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtkhtml2-0 2.11.0-3 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO ii libgtkhtml3.8-15 3.12.1-2 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files ii libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a 2.8.8-1 C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries) ... ii libgtop2-7 2.14.4-3 gtop system monitoring library ii libgtop2-common 2.14.4-3 common files for the gtop system monitoring library ii libgucharmap4 1.6.0-1 Unicode browser widget library (shared library) ii libguile-ltdl-1 1.6.8-6 Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl ii libgutenprint2 5.0.0-3 runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library y manipula ii python-sip4 4.4.5-4 Python/C++ bindings generator runt ime librar ii python-vte 0.12.2-4 Python bindings for the VTE widget set |
#cp -r bind bind.orig
ii libgssapi2 0.10-4 A mechanism-switch gssapi library ii libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4 GStreamer libraries from the "base" set ii libgstreamer0.10-0 0.10.10-2 Core GStreamer libraries and elements ii libgtk2-perl 1.140-1 Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib ii libgtk2.0-0 2.8.20-5 The GTK+ graphical user interface library ii libgtk2.0-bin 2.8.20-5 The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtk2.0-common 2.8.20-5 Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtkhtml2-0 2.11.0-3 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO ii libgtkhtml3.8-15 3.12.1-2 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files ii libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a 2.8.8-1 C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries) ... ii libgtop2-7 2.14.4-3 gtop system monitoring library ii libgtop2-common 2.14.4-3 common files for the gtop system monitoring library ii libgucharmap4 1.6.0-1 Unicode browser widget library (shared library) ii libguile-ltdl-1 1.6.8-6 Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl ii libgutenprint2 5.0.0-3 runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library y manipula ii python-sip4 4.4.5-4 Python/C++ bindings generator runt ime librar ii python-vte 0.12.2-4 Python bindings for the VTE widget set |
#ls -l bind.orig
итого 1 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2007-03-15 09:50 bind |
#ls -l bind.orig/bind/
итого 14 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 237 2007-03-15 09:50 db.0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 271 2007-03-15 09:50 db.127 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 237 2007-03-15 09:50 db.255 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 353 2007-03-15 09:50 db.empty -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 256 2007-03-15 09:50 db.local -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1507 2007-03-15 09:50 db.root -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1611 2007-03-15 09:50 named.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 165 2007-03-15 09:50 named.conf.local -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 695 2007-03-15 09:50 named.conf.options -rw-r----- 1 root root 77 2007-03-15 09:50 rndc.key -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1317 2007-03-15 09:50 zones.rfc1918 |
#cd bind
|
#ls
ii libgstreamer0.10-0 0.10.10-2 Core GStreamer libraries and elements ii libgtk2-perl 1.140-1 Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib ii libgtk2.0-0 2.8.20-5 The GTK+ graphical user interface library ii libgtk2.0-bin 2.8.20-5 The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtk2.0-common 2.8.20-5 Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtkhtml2-0 2.11.0-3 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO ii libgtkhtml3.8-15 3.12.1-2 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files ii libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a 2.8.8-1 C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries) ii libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1 common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget ii libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1 shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget ... ii libgucharmap4 1.6.0-1 Unicode browser widget library (shared library) ii libguile-ltdl-1 1.6.8-6 Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl ii libgutenprint2 5.0.0-3 runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library db.0 db.255 db.local named.conf named.conf.options zones.rfc1918 db.127 db.empty db.root named.conf.local rndc.key y manipula ii python-sip4 4.4.5-4 Python/C++ bindings generator runt ime librar ii python-vte 0.12.2-4 Python bindings for the VTE widget set |
#vim rndc.key
|
#man rndc
|
#vim named.conf.options
17,19c17,19 < // forwarders { < // 0.0.0.0; < // }; --- > forwarders { > 192.168.16.15; > }; |
#ls -l /var/cache/bind/
ii libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4 GStreamer libraries from the "base" set ii libgstreamer0.10-0 0.10.10-2 Core GStreamer libraries and elements ii libgtk2-perl 1.140-1 Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib ii libgtk2.0-0 2.8.20-5 The GTK+ graphical user interface library ii libgtk2.0-bin 2.8.20-5 The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtk2.0-common 2.8.20-5 Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtkhtml2-0 2.11.0-3 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO ii libgtkhtml3.8-15 3.12.1-2 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files ii libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a 2.8.8-1 C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries) ii libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1 common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget ... ii libgtop2-common 2.14.4-3 common files for the gtop system monitoring library ii libgucharmap4 1.6.0-1 Unicode browser widget library (shared library) ii libguile-ltdl-1 1.6.8-6 Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl ii libgutenprint2 5.0.0-3 runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library итого 0 y manipula ii python-sip4 4.4.5-4 Python/C++ bindings generator runt ime librar ii python-vte 0.12.2-4 Python bindings for the VTE widget set |
#ls -ld /var/cache/bind/
drwxrwxr-x 2 root bind 4096 2007-01-29 15:35 /var/cache/bind/ |
#vipw
gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/bin/sh nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/bin/sh dictd:x:100:102::/var/lib/dictd:/bin/false "/etc/passwd.edit" 32L, 1460C Debian-exim:x:101:103::/var/spool/exim4:/bin/false statd:x:102:65534::/var/lib/nfs:/bin/false identd:x:103:65534::/var/run/identd:/bin/false messagebus:x:104:105::/var/run/dbus:/bin/false avahi:x:105:106:Avahi mDNS daemon,,,:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/bin/false haldaemon:x:106:109:Hardware abstraction layer,,,:/home/haldaemon:/bin/false gdm:x:107:112:Gnome Display Manager:/var/lib/gdm:/bin/false hplip:x:108:7:HPLIP system user,,,:/var/run/hplip:/bin/false user:x:1000:1000:user,,,:/home/user:/bin/bash sshd:x:109:65534::/var/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin arpwatch:x:110:113:ARP Watcher,,,:/var/lib/arpwatch:/bin/sh ~ ~ ~ ~ vipw: /etc/passwd не был изменён |
#vim named.conf
|
#vim named.conf
|
#vim /etc/bind/db.life.net.nt
|
#/etc/init.d/bind9 restart
ii libgstreamer0.10-0 0.10.10-2 Core GStreamer libraries and elements ii libgtk2-perl 1.140-1 Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib ii libgtk2.0-0 2.8.20-5 The GTK+ graphical user interface library ii libgtk2.0-bin 2.8.20-5 The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtk2.0-common 2.8.20-5 Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra ii libgtkhtml2-0 2.11.0-3 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO ii libgtkhtml3.8-15 3.12.1-2 HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files ii libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a 2.8.8-1 C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries) ii libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1 common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget ii libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1 shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget ... ii libgucharmap4 1.6.0-1 Unicode browser widget library (shared library) ii libguile-ltdl-1 1.6.8-6 Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl ii libgutenprint2 5.0.0-3 runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library Stopping domain name service...: bind. Starting domain name service...: bind. y manipula ii python-sip4 4.4.5-4 Python/C++ bindings generator runt ime librar ii python-vte 0.12.2-4 Python bindings for the VTE widget set |
#tail /var/log/daemon.log
Mar 15 10:11:47 linux1 named[5081]: listening on IPv6 interfaces, port 53 Mar 15 10:11:47 linux1 named[5081]: listening on IPv4 interface lo, 127.0.0.1#53 Mar 15 10:11:47 linux1 named[5081]: listening on IPv4 interface eth0, 192.168.16.1#53 Mar 15 10:11:47 linux1 named[5081]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953 Mar 15 10:11:47 linux1 named[5081]: command channel listening on ::1#953 Mar 15 10:11:47 linux1 named[5081]: zone 0.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1 Mar 15 10:11:47 linux1 named[5081]: zone 127.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1 Mar 15 10:11:47 linux1 named[5081]: zone 255.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1 Mar 15 10:11:47 linux1 named[5081]: zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 1 Mar 15 10:11:47 linux1 named[5081]: running |
#less /var/log/daemon.log
|
#ls
db.0 db.255 db.life.net.nt db.root named.conf.local rndc.key db.127 db.empty db.local named.conf named.conf.options zones.rfc1918 |
Время первой команды журнала | 17:06:29 2007- 3-14 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 10:12:21 2007- 3-15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 21.78 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.99 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.79 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 2.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008