Журнал лабораторных работ

Содержание

Журнал

Четверг (03/15/07)

/dev/pts/9
16:01:52
#netstat -lnp | grep :25
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     18380/sendmail: MTA
16:02:00
#telnet 192.168.16.1 25
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
...
Escape character is '^]'.
220 ns.romzes.net.nt ESMTP Sendmail 8.13.8/8.13.8/Debian-3; Thu, 15 Mar 2007 16:02:34 +0200; (No UCE/UBE) logging access from: linux1.local(OK)-linux1.local [192.168.16.1]
^]
telnet> q
Connection closed.
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:02:45
#vim local-host-names
2c2
< 
---
> romzes.net.nt
16:03:01
#make
Updating auth ...
sasl2-bin not installed, not configuring sendmail support.
To enable sendmail SASL2 support at a later date, invoke "/usr/share/sendmail/update_auth"
Creating /etc/mail/relay-domains
# Optional file...
The following file(s) have changed:
** ** You should issue `/etc/init.d/sendmail reload` ** **
16:03:03
#/etc/init.d/sendmail reload
Reloading Mail Transport Agent configuration: sendmail.
16:03:09
#telnet 192.168.16.1 25
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
Trying 192.168.16.1...
Connected to 192.168.16.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 ns.romzes.net.nt ESMTP Sendmail 8.13.8/8.13.8/Debian-3; Thu, 15 Mar 2007 16:03:11 +0200; (No UCE/UBE) logging access from: linux1.local(OK)-linux1.local [192.168.16.1]
HELO zlo
...
RCPT TO : user@ns.romzes.net.nt
553 5.1.8 user@ns.romzes.net.nt... Domain of sender address billgates@microsoft.com does not exist
^]
telnet> q
Connection closed.
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:04:17
#telnet 192.168.16.1 25
Escape character is '^]'.
220 ns.romzes.net.nt ESMTP Sendmail 8.13.8/8.13.8/Debian-3; Thu, 15 Mar 2007 16:04:18 +0200; (No UCE/UBE) logging access from: linux1.local(OK)-linux1.local [192.168.16.1]
MAIL FROM: root@ns.romzes.net.nt
503 5.0.0 Polite people say HELO first
HELO zlo
250 ns.romzes.net.nt Hello linux1.local [192.168.16.1], pleased to meet you
MAIL FROM: root@ns.romzes.net.nt
250 2.1.0 root@ns.romzes.net.nt... Sender ok
RCPT TO : user@ns.romzes.net.nt
250 2.1.5 user@ns.romzes.net.nt... Recipient ok
...
.
250 2.0.0 l2FE4IDm018573 Message accepted for delivery
^]
telnet> q
Connection closed.
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:04:59
#tail /var/log/mail.log
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
Mar 15 16:01:50 linux1 sm-mta[17275]: restarting /usr/sbin/sendmail-mta due to signal
Mar 15 16:01:50 linux1 sm-mta[18380]: starting daemon (8.13.8): SMTP+queueing@00:10:00
...
Mar 15 16:04:06 linux1 sm-mta[18536]: l2FE3BFq018536: ruleset=check_rcpt, arg1=user@ns.romzes.net.nt, relay=linux1.local [192.168.16.1], reject=553 5.1.8 user@ns.romzes.net.nt... Domain of sender address billgates@microsoft.com does not exist
Mar 15 16:04:17 linux1 sm-mta[18536]: l2FE3BFq018536: lost input channel from linux1.local [192.168.16.1] to MTA-v4 after rcpt
Mar 15 16:04:17 linux1 sm-mta[18536]: l2FE3BFq018536: from=billgates@microsoft.com, size=0, class=0, nrcpts=0, proto=SMTP, daemon=MTA-v4, relay=linux1.local [192.168.16.1]
Mar 15 16:04:55 linux1 sm-mta[18573]: l2FE4IDm018573: from=root@ns.romzes.net.nt, size=17, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<200703151404.l2FE4IDm018573@ns.romzes.net.nt>, proto=SMTP, daemon=MTA-v4, relay=linux1.local [192.168.16.1]
Mar 15 16:04:55 linux1 sm-mta[18591]: l2FE4IDm018573: to=user@ns.romzes.net.nt, ctladdr=root@ns.romzes.net.nt (0/0), delay=00:00:10, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=local, pri=30393, dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:05:07
#mail -u user
"/var/mail/user": 5 messages 1 new 5 unread
 U  1 arpwatch@host191.  Mon Mar 12 14:50   22/825   new station (linux2.net.nt) eth0
 U  2 arpwatch@host191.  Mon Mar 12 16:23   22/874   new station (linux1-2.local) eth0
 U  3 arpwatch@host191.  Mon Mar 12 16:23   22/823   new station eth0
 U  4 arpwatch@host191.  Wed Mar 14 09:44   22/827   new station (linux2.local) eth0
>N  5 root@host191.net.  Thu Mar 15 16:04   12/447
&
Message 5:
From root@host191.net.nt  Thu Mar 15 16:04:55 2007
Date: Thu, 15 Mar 2007 16:04:18 +0200
From: root <root@host191.net.nt>
To: undisclosed-recipients:;
TEST ftom telnet
& q
Saved 1 message in /root/mbox
Held 4 messages in /var/mail/user
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:05:33
#host 192.168.16.1
1.16.168.192.in-addr.arpa has no PTR record
/dev/pts/1
16:05:44
#killall named
ii  libgsf-1-common      1.14.3-1             Structured File Library - common files
ii  libgsm1              1.0.10-13            Shared libraries for GSM speech compressor
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
16:05:44
#killall named

/dev/pts/9
16:05:49
#vim /etc/bind/named.conf
30c30
< zone "1.16.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
---
> zone "16.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
/dev/pts/1
16:05:50
#/etc/init.d/bind9 start
Starting domain name service...: bind.
16:05:50
#/etc/init.d/bind9 start
Starting domain name service...: bind.
16:05:57
#dig mx @127.0.0.1 romzes.net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> mx @127.0.0.1 romzes.net.nt
; (1 server found)
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 3883
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;romzes.net.nt.                 IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
romzes.net.nt.          604800  IN      SOA     romzes.net.nt. romzes. 2007031500 604800 86400 2419200 604800
;; Query time: 26 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 15 16:06:02 2007
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 73
16:05:57
#dig mx @127.0.0.1 romzes.net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> mx @127.0.0.1 romzes.net.nt
; (1 server found)
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 3883
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;romzes.net.nt.                 IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
romzes.net.nt.          604800  IN      SOA     romzes.net.nt. romzes. 2007031500 604800 86400 2419200 604800
;; Query time: 26 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 15 16:06:02 2007
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 73
16:06:02
#ip addr
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:01:02:b4:61:14 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.16.1/24 brd 192.168.16.255 scope global eth0
    inet6 fe80::201:2ff:feb4:6114/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:01:02:b4:61:09 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
16:06:02
#ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:01:02:b4:61:14 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.16.1/24 brd 192.168.16.255 scope global eth0
    inet6 fe80::201:2ff:feb4:6114/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:01:02:b4:61:09 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
16:06:16
#killall named
ii  libgsf-1-common      1.14.3-1             Structured File Library - common files
ii  libgsm1              1.0.10-13            Shared libraries for GSM speech compressor
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
16:06:16
#killall named

/dev/pts/9
16:06:28
#vim /etc/bind/db.192
3c3
< 			      2007031500		; Serial
---
> 			      2007031501		; Serial
10,11c10,11
< 1.16.168.192.	IN	PTR	ns
< 1.16.168.192.	IN	PTR
---
> 1	IN	PTR	ns
> 1	IN	PTR
16:06:57
#rndc reload
rndc: connect failed: 127.0.0.1#953: connection refused
16:07:01
#rndc reload
rndc: connect failed: 127.0.0.1#953: connection refused
16:07:04
#vim /etc/bind/named.conf
16:07:22
#vim /etc/bind/named.conf.options
20c20
< 	allow-transfer { 192.168.16.15; };
---
> 	allow-transfer { 192.168.16.0; };
16:07:41
#tail /var/log/daemon.log
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: /etc/bind/db.192:10: ignoring out-of-zone data (1.16.168.192)
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: /etc/bind/db.192:11: ignoring out-of-zone data (1.16.168.192)
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: dns_rdata_fromtext: /etc/bind/db.192:11: near eol: unexpected end of input
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: zone 1.16.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loading master file /etc/bind/db.192: unexpected end of input
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: zone 255.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 1
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: zone romzes.net.nt/IN: loaded serial 2007031500
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: running
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: zone romzes.net.nt/IN: sending notifies (serial 2007031500)
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: client 192.168.16.1#32835: received notify for zone 'romzes.net.nt'
16:07:47
#/etc/init.d/bind9 restart
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
...
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
Stopping domain name service...: bindrndc: connect failed: 127.0.0.1#953: connection refused
 failed!
Starting domain name service...: bind failed!
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:08:00
#tail /var/log/daemon.log
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: /etc/bind/db.192:10: ignoring out-of-zone data (1.16.168.192)
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: /etc/bind/db.192:11: ignoring out-of-zone data (1.16.168.192)
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: dns_rdata_fromtext: /etc/bind/db.192:11: near eol: unexpected end of input
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: zone 1.16.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loading master file /etc/bind/db.192: unexpected end of input
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: zone 255.in-addr.arpa/IN: loaded serial 1
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 1
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: zone romzes.net.nt/IN: loaded serial 2007031500
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: running
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: zone romzes.net.nt/IN: sending notifies (serial 2007031500)
Mar 15 16:05:56 linux1 named[18677]: client 192.168.16.1#32835: received notify for zone 'romzes.net.nt'
16:08:02
#less /var/log/daemon.log
/dev/pts/1
16:08:15
#/etc/init.d/bind9 start
Starting domain name service...: bind.
16:08:15
#/etc/init.d/bind9 start
Starting domain name service...: bind.
/dev/pts/9
16:08:18
#ls -l /etc/bind/
db.0                db.255              db.romzes.net.nt    named.conf.local    zones.rfc1918
db.127              db.empty            db.root             named.conf.options
db.192              db.local            named.conf          rndc.key
16:08:18
#netstat -lnp | grep :53
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
...
tcp6       0      0 :::53                   :::*                    LISTEN     18920/named
udp        0      0 192.168.16.1:53         0.0.0.0:*                          18920/named
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53            0.0.0.0:*                          18920/named
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5353            0.0.0.0:*                          2608/avahi-daemon:
udp6       0      0 :::53                   :::*                               18920/named
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
/dev/pts/1
16:08:19
#dig mx @127.0.0.1 romzes.net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> mx @127.0.0.1 romzes.net.nt
; (1 server found)
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 49903
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;romzes.net.nt.                 IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
romzes.net.nt.          604800  IN      SOA     romzes.net.nt. romzes. 2007031500 604800 86400 2419200 604800
;; Query time: 26 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 15 16:08:23 2007
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 73
16:08:19
#dig mx @127.0.0.1 romzes.net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> mx @127.0.0.1 romzes.net.nt
; (1 server found)
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 49903
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;romzes.net.nt.                 IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
romzes.net.nt.          604800  IN      SOA     romzes.net.nt. romzes. 2007031500 604800 86400 2419200 604800
;; Query time: 26 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 15 16:08:23 2007
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 73
16:08:23
#host 192.168.15.1
ii  libgsm1              1.0.10-13            Shared libraries for GSM speech compressor
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached
16:08:23
#host 192.168.15.1
;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached
/dev/pts/9
16:08:40
#/etc/init.d/bind9 stop
Stopping domain name service...: bindrndc: connect failed: 127.0.0.1#953: connection refused
 failed!
16:08:53
#netstat -lnp | grep :53
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
...
tcp6       0      0 :::53                   :::*                    LISTEN     18920/named
udp        0      0 192.168.16.1:53         0.0.0.0:*                          18920/named
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53            0.0.0.0:*                          18920/named
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5353            0.0.0.0:*                          2608/avahi-daemon:
udp6       0      0 :::53                   :::*                               18920/named
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:08:57
#pkill -9 named

16:09:04
#netstat -lnp | grep :53
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53945         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     2425/python
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5353            0.0.0.0:*                          2608/avahi-daemon:
16:09:06
#pkill -9 avahi
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
...
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
/dev/pts/1
16:09:15
#ps aux | grep named
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
bind     19040  0.3  0.2  30360  2944 ?        Ssl  16:09   0:00 /usr/sbin/named -u bind
root     19062  0.0  0.0   3740   760 pts/23   R+   16:09   0:00 grep named
16:09:15
#ps aux | grep named
bind     19040  0.3  0.2  30360  2944 ?        Ssl  16:09   0:00 /usr/sbin/named -u bind
root     19062  0.0  0.0   3740   760 pts/23   R+   16:09   0:00 grep named
/dev/pts/9
16:09:18
#netstat -lnp | grep :53
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53945         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     2425/python
16:09:19
#/etc/init.d/bind9 start
Starting domain name service...: bind.
16:09:25
#netstat -lnp | grep :53
tcp        0      0 192.168.16.1:53         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     19040/named
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     19040/named
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53945         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     2425/python
tcp6       0      0 :::53                   :::*                    LISTEN     19040/named
udp        0      0 192.168.16.1:53         0.0.0.0:*                          19040/named
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53            0.0.0.0:*                          19040/named
udp6       0      0 :::53                   :::*                               19040/named
16:09:27
#dig romzes.net.nt ns
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 52573
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;romzes.net.nt.                 IN      NS
;; ANSWER SECTION:
romzes.net.nt.          604800  IN      NS      ns.romzes.net.nt.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns.romzes.net.nt.       604800  IN      A       192.168.16.1
;; Query time: 32 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 15 16:09:48 2007
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 64
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
/dev/pts/1
16:09:37
#dig mx romzes.net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> mx romzes.net.nt
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 41431
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;romzes.net.nt.                 IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
romzes.net.nt.          604800  IN      SOA     romzes.net.nt. romzes. 2007031500 604800 86400 2419200 604800
;; Query time: 23 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 15 16:10:07 2007
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 73
16:09:37
#dig mx romzes.net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> mx romzes.net.nt
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 41431
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;romzes.net.nt.                 IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
romzes.net.nt.          604800  IN      SOA     romzes.net.nt. romzes. 2007031500 604800 86400 2419200 604800
;; Query time: 23 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 15 16:10:07 2007
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 73
/dev/pts/9
16:09:48
#host 192.168.16.1
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
...
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
Host 1.16.168.192.in-addr.arpa not found: 2(SERVFAIL)
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:09:56
#less /var/log/daemon.log
/dev/pts/1
16:10:07
#dig mx @127.0.0.1 romzes.net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> mx @127.0.0.1 romzes.net.nt
; (1 server found)
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 37112
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;romzes.net.nt.                 IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
romzes.net.nt.          604800  IN      SOA     romzes.net.nt. romzes. 2007031500 604800 86400 2419200 604800
;; Query time: 26 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 15 16:12:19 2007
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 73
16:10:07
#dig mx @127.0.0.1 romzes.net.nt
; <<>> DiG 9.3.4 <<>> mx @127.0.0.1 romzes.net.nt
; (1 server found)
;; global options:  printcmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 37112
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;romzes.net.nt.                 IN      MX
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
romzes.net.nt.          604800  IN      SOA     romzes.net.nt. romzes. 2007031500 604800 86400 2419200 604800
;; Query time: 26 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 15 16:12:19 2007
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 73
/dev/pts/9
16:10:24
#vim /etc/bind/db.192
8,9c8,9
< ;
< @	IN	NS	ns
---
> 
> 	NS	ns
11c11
< 1	IN	PTR
---
> 2	IN	PTR
16:10:54
#vim /etc/bind/db.romzes.net.nt
16:11:13
#vim /etc/bind/db.192
11c11
< 2	IN	PTR
---
> 1	IN	PTR
16:11:27
#/etc/init.d/bind9 start
Starting domain name service...: bind failed!
16:11:31
#/etc/init.d/bind9 restart
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
...
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
Stopping domain name service...: bindrndc: connect failed: 127.0.0.1#953: connection refused
 failed!
Starting domain name service...: bind failed!
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:11:44
#less /var/log/daemon.log
16:12:01
#rndc
Usage: rndc [-c config] [-s server] [-p port]
        [-k key-file ] [-y key] [-V] command
command is one of the following:
  reload        Reload configuration file and zones.
  reload zone [class [view]]
                Reload a single zone.
  refresh zone [class [view]]
                Schedule immediate maintenance for a zone.
  retransfer zone [class [view]]
                Retransfer a single zone without checking serial number.
...
  notrace       Set debugging level to 0.
  flush         Flushes all of the server's caches.
  flush [view]  Flushes the server's cache for a view.
  flushname name [view]
                Flush the given name from the server's cache(s)
  status        Display status of the server.
  recursing     Dump the queries that are currently recursing (named.recursing)
  *restart      Restart the server.
* == not yet implemented
Version: 9.3.4
16:12:05
#rndc | less
/dev/pts/1
16:12:20
#mcedit /etc/bind/db.192
$TTL    604800
                              2007031501                ; Serial
                          86400         ; Retry
                         604800 )       ; Negative Cache TTL
        NS      ns            ┌────────────────── Выход ──────────────────┐
                              │                                           │
                              └───────────────────────────────────────────┘
16:12:20
#mcedit /etc/bind/db.192
$TTL    604800
                              2007031501                ; Serial
                          86400         ; Retry
                         604800 )       ; Negative Cache TTL
        NS      ns            ┌────────────────── Выход ──────────────────┐
                              │                                           │
                              └───────────────────────────────────────────┘
/dev/pts/9
16:12:31
#netstat -lnp | grep :53
tcp        0      0 192.168.16.1:53         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     19040/named
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     19040/named
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53945         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     2425/python
tcp6       0      0 :::53                   :::*                    LISTEN     19040/named
udp        0      0 192.168.16.1:53         0.0.0.0:*                          19040/named
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53            0.0.0.0:*                          19040/named
udp6       0      0 :::53                   :::*                               19040/named
16:12:37
#cp -r /etc/bind/
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
...
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
db.0                db.255              db.romzes.net.nt    named.conf.local    zones.rfc1918
db.127              db.empty            db.root             named.conf.options
db.192              db.local            named.conf          rndc.key
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:12:37
#cp -r /etc/bind/ /tmp

16:12:59
#ls -l /tmp/bind/
итого 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  237 2007-03-15 16:12 db.0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  271 2007-03-15 16:12 db.127
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  189 2007-03-15 16:12 db.192
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  237 2007-03-15 16:12 db.255
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  353 2007-03-15 16:12 db.empty
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  256 2007-03-15 16:12 db.local
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  207 2007-03-15 16:12 db.romzes.net.nt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1507 2007-03-15 16:12 db.root
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1779 2007-03-15 16:12 named.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  165 2007-03-15 16:12 named.conf.local
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  767 2007-03-15 16:12 named.conf.options
-rw-r----- 1 root root   77 2007-03-15 16:12 rndc.key
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1317 2007-03-15 16:12 zones.rfc1918
16:13:06
#apt-get --purge remove bind9
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
Чтение списков пакетов... Готово
Построение дерева зависимостей... Готово
Пакеты, которые будут УДАÐd9*
обновлено 0, установлено 0 новых пакетов, для удаления отмечено 1 пакетов, и 111 пакетов не обновлено.
Необходимо скачать 0Б архивов.
...
Удаляется пакет bind9...
Stopping domain name service...: bindrndc: connect failed: 127.0.0.1#953: connection refused
 failed!
Удаляются файлы конфигурации пакета bind9...
dpkg: предупреждение -- при удалении пакета bind9 не пустой каталог /etc/bind не удалён.
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
/dev/pts/1
16:13:23
#killall named
named: no process killed
16:13:23
#killall named
named: no process killed
/dev/pts/9
16:13:24
#rm -rf /etc/bind
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
...
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
/dev/pts/1
16:13:27
#/etc/init.d/bind9 start
ii  libgsm1              1.0.10-13            Shared libraries for GSM speech compressor
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
bash: /etc/init.d/bind9: No such file or directory
16:13:27
#/etc/init.d/bind9 start
bash: /etc/init.d/bind9: No such file or directory
16:13:31
#mcedit /etc/bind/db.192
$TTL    604800
                              2007031501                ; Serial
                          86400         ; Retry
                         604800 )       ; Negative Cache TTL
        NS      ns            ┌────────────────── Выход ──────────────────┐
                              │                                           │
                              └───────────────────────────────────────────┘
16:13:31
#mcedit /etc/bind/db.192
$TTL    604800
                              2007031501                ; Serial
                          86400         ; Retry
                         604800 )       ; Negative Cache TTL
        NS      ns            ┌────────────────── Выход ──────────────────┐
                              │                                           │
                              └───────────────────────────────────────────┘
/dev/pts/9
16:13:32
#dpkg -l | grep rndc
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
...
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:13:52
#apt-get install bind9
Чтение списков пакетов... Готово
Построение дерева зависимостей... Готово
Предлагаемые пакеты:
  bind9-doc
НОВЫЕ пакеты, которые будут установлены:
  bind9
обновлено 0, установлено 1 новых пакетов, для удаления отмечено 0 пакетов, и 111 пакетов не обновлено.
Необходимо скачать 0B/294kB архивов.
После распаковки объем занятого дискового пространства возрастёт на 782kB.
Выбор ранее не выбранного пакета bind9.
(Чтение базы данных... на данный момент установлено 80176 файлов и каталогов.)
Распаковывается пакет bind9 (из файла .../bind9_1%3a9.3.4-2_i386.deb)...
Настраивается пакет bind9 (9.3.4-2) ...
wrote key file "/etc/bind/rndc.key"
Starting domain name service...: bind.
16:14:07
#cd /etc/bind/
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
...
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:14:21
#ls
db.0    db.255    db.local  named.conf        named.conf.options  zones.rfc1918
db.127  db.empty  db.root   named.conf.local  rndc.key
16:14:22
#/etc/init.d/bind9 restart
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
...
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
Stopping domain name service...: bind.
Starting domain name service...: bind.
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:14:35
#netstat -lnp | grep :53
tcp        0      0 192.168.16.1:53         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     19630/named
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     19630/named
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53945         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     2425/python
tcp6       0      0 :::53                   :::*                    LISTEN     19630/named
udp        0      0 192.168.16.1:53         0.0.0.0:*                          19630/named
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53            0.0.0.0:*                          19630/named
udp6       0      0 :::53                   :::*                               19630/named
16:14:43
#/etc/init.d/bind9 stop
Stopping domain name service...: bind.
16:14:49
#netstat -lnp | grep :53
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
...
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53945         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     2425/python
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:14:50
#cp /tmp/bind/
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
...
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
db.0                db.255              db.romzes.net.nt    named.conf.local    zones.rfc1918
db.127              db.empty            db.root             named.conf.options
db.192              db.local            named.conf          rndc.key
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:14:50
#cp /tmp/bind/db.romzes.net.nt /etc/bind/

16:15:26
#cp /tmp/bind/db.192 /etc/bind/
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
...
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:15:34
#cp -f /tmp/bind/named.conf* /etc/bind/
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
...
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:15:53
#vim named.conf
16:16:07
#/etc/init.d/bind9 start
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
...
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
ii  libguile-ltdl-1      1.6.8-6              Guile's patched version of libtool's libltdl
ii  libgutenprint2       5.0.0-3              runtime for the Gutenprint printer driver library
Starting domain name service...: bind.
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
16:16:12
#ping mail.ru
ping: unknown host mail.ru
16:16:16
#vim /etc/resolv.conf
16:16:25
#less /var/log/daemon.log
/dev/pts/1
16:16:33
#rndc
ii  libgsm1              1.0.10-13            Shared libraries for GSM speech compressor
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
rndc          rndc-confgen
16:16:33
#rndc reload
server reload successful
16:16:33
#rndc
rndc          rndc-confgen
16:16:33
#rndc reload
server reload successful
/dev/pts/9
16:16:47
#dig @127.0.0.1 mail.ru
.                       518400  IN      NS      M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       518400  IN      NS      A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       518400  IN      NS      B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       518400  IN      NS      C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       518400  IN      NS      D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       518400  IN      NS      E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       518400  IN      NS      F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       518400  IN      NS      G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       518400  IN      NS      H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       518400  IN      NS      I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       518400  IN      NS      J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
.                       518400  IN      NS      K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
;; Query time: 51 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 15 16:17:17 2007
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 236
y manipula
ii  python-sip4                       4.4.5-4                         Python/C++ bindings generator runt
ime librar
ii  python-vte                        0.12.2-4                        Python bindings for the VTE widget
 set
/dev/pts/1
16:17:16
#rndc relstart
ii  libgsm1              1.0.10-13            Shared libraries for GSM speech compressor
ii  libgssapi2           0.10-4               A mechanism-switch gssapi library
ii  libgstreamer-plugins 0.10.10-4            GStreamer libraries from the "base" set
ii  libgstreamer0.10-0   0.10.10-2            Core GStreamer libraries and elements
ii  libgtk2-perl         1.140-1              Perl interface to the 2.x series of the Gimp Toolkit lib
ii  libgtk2.0-0          2.8.20-5             The GTK+ graphical user interface library
ii  libgtk2.0-bin        2.8.20-5             The programs for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtk2.0-common     2.8.20-5             Common files for the GTK+ graphical user interface libra
ii  libgtkhtml2-0        2.11.0-3             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files. (for GNO
ii  libgtkhtml3.8-15     3.12.1-2             HTML rendering/editing library - runtime files
ii  libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a    2.8.8-1              C++ wrappers for GTK+ 2.4 (shared libraries)
ii  libgtksourceview-com 1.8.3-1              common files for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtksourceview1.0- 1.8.3-1              shared libraries for the GTK+ syntax highlighting widget
ii  libgtkspell0         2.0.10-3+b1          a spell-checking addon for GTK's TextView widget
ii  libgtop2-7           2.14.4-3             gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgtop2-common      2.14.4-3             common files for the gtop system monitoring library
ii  libgucharmap4        1.6.0-1              Unicode browser widget library (shared library)
rndc: 'relstart' failed: unknown command
16:17:16
#rndc relstart
rndc: 'relstart' failed: unknown command

Статистика

Время первой команды журнала16:01:52 2007- 3-15
Время последней команды журнала16:17:16 2007- 3-15
Количество командных строк в журнале101
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, %11.88
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % 1.98
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час 0.26
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин 6.56
Частота использования команд
/etc/init.d/bind914|============| 12.28%
grep12|==========| 10.53%
dig10|========| 8.77%
vim10|========| 8.77%
rndc10|========| 8.77%
netstat9|=======| 7.89%
cp6|=====| 5.26%
killall6|=====| 5.26%
less5|====| 4.39%
host4|===| 3.51%
mcedit4|===| 3.51%
telnet3|==| 2.63%
tail3|==| 2.63%
ls3|==| 2.63%
ps2|=| 1.75%
pkill2|=| 1.75%
apt-get2|=| 1.75%
ip2|=| 1.75%
dpkg1|| 0.88%
/etc/init.d/sendmail1|| 0.88%
ping1|| 0.88%
make1|| 0.88%
rm1|| 0.88%
cd1|| 0.88%
mail1|| 0.88%
____
*) Интервалы неактивности длительностью 30 минут и более не учитываются

Справка

Для того чтобы использовать LiLaLo, не нужно знать ничего особенного: всё происходит само собой. Однако, чтобы ведение и последующее использование журналов было как можно более эффективным, желательно иметь в виду следующее:
  1. В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.

  2. Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.

  3. Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
    $ l s-l
    bash: l: command not found
    

  4. Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
    $ test 5 -lt 4
    Обратите внимание на то, что код завершения команды может быть отличен от нуля не только в тех случаях, когда команда была выполнена с ошибкой. Многие команды используют код завершения, например, для того чтобы показать результаты проверки

  5. Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
    $ find / -name abc
    find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung
    find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung
    find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung
    find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung
    find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung
    ^C
    

  6. Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
    # id
    uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root)
    

  7. Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
    $ vi ~/.bashrc
    2a3,5
    >    if [ -f /usr/local/etc/bash_completion ]; then
    >         . /usr/local/etc/bash_completion
    >        fi
    

  8. Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
    $ patch ~/.bashrc
    В данном случае изменения применяются к файлу ~/.bashrc

  9. Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.

    Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.

  10. Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.

  11. Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора

  12. Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.

  13. Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.

  14. Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:

    $ whoami
    
    user
    
    $ #^ Интересно, кто я?
    
    в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
    $ whoami
    
    user
    
    Интересно, кто я?

  15. Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:

    $ whoami
    
    user
    
    $ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
    
    Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым 
    мы зарегистрировались в системе.
    -
    Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении 
    в этом мире.
    
    В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
    $ whoami
    user
    
    Интересно, кто я?
    Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым
    мы зарегистрировались в системе.

    Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении
    в этом мире.
    Для разделения нескольких абзацев между собой используйте символ "-", один в строке.

  16. Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=

  17. Содержимое файла может быть показано в журнале. Для этого его нужно вывести с помощью программы cat. Если вывод команды отметить симоволами #!, содержимое файла будет показано в журнале в специально отведённой для этого секции.
  18. Для того чтобы вставить скриншот интересующего вас окна в журнал, нужно воспользоваться командой l3shot. После того как команда вызвана, нужно с помощью мыши выбрать окно, которое должно быть в журнале.
  19. Команды в журнале расположены в хронологическом порядке. Если две команды давались одна за другой, но на разных терминалах, в журнале они будут рядом, даже если они не имеют друг к другу никакого отношения.
    1
        2
    3   
        4
    
    Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.

О программе

LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008

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