/l3/users/12-12-2011/NT-Lnet/debian2.net.nt/root :1 :2 :3 |
|
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:3e:00:00:02 inet addr:192.168.16.2 Bcast:192.168.16.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::216:3eff:fe00:2/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:79 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:59 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:6710 (6.5 KiB) TX bytes:8179 (7.9 KiB) Interrupt:5 Base address:0x2000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:560 (560.0 B) TX bytes:560 (560.0 B) |
#vim /etc/
|
#vim /etc/network
|
#vim /etc/network/interfaces
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1360.8334.29125 2011-12-13 09:22:25.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/network/interfaces 2011-12-13 09:26:26.000000000 +0200 @@ -6,3 +6,13 @@ address 192.168.16.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.16.254 + +iface eth1 inet static + adress 192.168.30.190 + netmask 255.255.255.192 + gateway 192.168.30.129 + +iface eth2 inet static + address 192.168.30.193 + netmask 255.255.255.192 + |
#/etc/init.d/networking restart
Running /etc/init.d/networking restart is deprecated because it may not enable again some interfaces ... (warning). Reconfiguring network interfaces...done. |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:3e:00:00:02 inet addr:192.168.16.2 Bcast:192.168.16.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::216:3eff:fe00:2/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:723 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:429 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:57544 (56.1 KiB) TX bytes:64917 (63.3 KiB) Interrupt:5 Base address:0x2000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:560 (560.0 B) TX bytes:560 (560.0 B) |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:3e:00:00:02 inet addr:192.168.16.2 Bcast:192.168.16.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::216:3eff:fe00:2/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:940 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:580 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:73813 (72.0 KiB) TX bytes:94116 (91.9 KiB) Interrupt:5 Base address:0x2000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:3e:00:01:02 ... RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:796 (796.0 B) Interrupt:11 Base address:0xa200 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:560 (560.0 B) TX bytes:560 (560.0 B) |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.30.192 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.30.128 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.129 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 192.168.16.254 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 |
#ping 192.168.30.129
PING 192.168.30.129 (192.168.30.129) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.49 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=1.55 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=1.22 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.129 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2007ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.224/1.426/1.557/0.144 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.71 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=1.70 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.704/1.710/1.717/0.041 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1003ms |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.30.192 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.30.128 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.129 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 192.168.16.254 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 |
#~
bash: tracert: команда не найдена |
#traceroute 192.168.30.1
traceroute to 192.168.30.1 (192.168.30.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.30.129 (192.168.30.129) 1.477 ms 1.480 ms 1.210 ms 2 * * * 3 * * * 4 * * * 5 * * * 6 * * * 7 * * * 8 * * * 9 * * * ... 21 * * * 22 * * * 23 * * * 24 * * * 25 * * * 26 * * * 27 * * * 28 * * * 29 * * * 30 * * * |
#^C
|
#ping 192.168.30.129
PING 192.168.30.129 (192.168.30.129) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.61 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=1.80 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.129 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.611/1.706/1.801/0.095 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 999ms |
#ping 192.168.30.129
PING 192.168.30.129 (192.168.30.129) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.31 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.129 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.316/1.316/1.316/0.000 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 9 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 7999ms |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.30.192 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.30.128 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.129 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 192.168.16.254 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 |
#route delete default gw eth0
eth0: Неизвестный хост |
#route delete default gw 192.168.15.254
SIOCDELRT: Нет такого процесса |
#route delete default 192.168.15.254
SIOCDELRT: Нет такого устройства |
#route delete default 192.168.15.254
SIOCDELRT: Нет такого устройства |
#man route
|
#route delete default dev eth0
|
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.14 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=1.45 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.141/1.295/1.450/0.158 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 6007ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=2.04 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=1.33 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=1.90 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=4 ttl=64 time=1.53 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=5 ttl=64 time=1.62 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=6 ttl=64 time=3.36 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=7 ttl=64 time=1.61 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=8 ttl=64 time=1.80 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=9 ttl=64 time=1.54 ms ... 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=22 ttl=64 time=1.89 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=23 ttl=64 time=1.20 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=24 ttl=64 time=1.42 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=25 ttl=64 time=1.20 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=26 ttl=64 time=1.67 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=27 ttl=64 time=1.17 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 27 packets transmitted, 27 received, 0% packet loss, time 26058ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.176/3.116/31.224/5.651 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 9 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 8091ms |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.30.192 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.30.128 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.129 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 999ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2002ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2001ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.29 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.295/1.295/1.295/0.000 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=23 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=24 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=25 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=27 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=28 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=29 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 31 packets transmitted, 0 received, +6 errors, 100% packet loss, time 30317ms pipe 3 |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=7 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=8 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=9 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 10 packets transmitted, 0 received, +8 errors, 100% packet loss, time 9048ms pipe 3 |
#ping 192.168.30.129
PING 192.168.30.129 (192.168.30.129) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=8.81 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=1.10 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=1.24 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.129 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2004ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.101/3.719/8.815/3.603 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.51 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=1.41 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=2.11 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2006ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.411/1.681/2.118/0.311 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 5028ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1003ms |
#ping 192.168.30.31
PING 192.168.30.31 (192.168.30.31) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.31 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2000ms |
#ping 192.168.30.129
PING 192.168.30.129 (192.168.30.129) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=2.32 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=2.50 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=4.03 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.129 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.327/2.954/4.030/0.766 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 999ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3016ms |
#ping 192.168.30.129
PING 192.168.30.129 (192.168.30.129) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.32 ms ^[[A^C --- 192.168.30.129 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.320/1.320/1.320/0.000 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.38 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=1.48 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.386/1.436/1.486/0.050 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 44 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 43109ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3005ms |
#route
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.30.192 * 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.30.128 * 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth1 localnet * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 default 192.168.30.129 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 |
#ping 192.168.16.1
PING 192.168.16.1 (192.168.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=27.1 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=1.19 ms ^C --- 192.168.16.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.197/14.163/27.130/12.967 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.1
PING 192.168.30.1 (192.168.30.1) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2013ms |
#ping 192.168.30.1
PING 192.168.30.1 (192.168.30.1) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.1 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3013ms |
#ping 192.168.30.62
PING 192.168.30.62 (192.168.30.62) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.62 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 999ms |
#ping 192.168.30.1
PING 192.168.30.1 (192.168.30.1) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2001ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 999ms |
#traceroute 192.168.30.1
traceroute to 192.168.30.1 (192.168.30.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.30.129 (192.168.30.129) 1.458 ms 1.361 ms 1.355 ms 2 * * * 3 * * * 4 * * * 5 * * * 6 * * * 7 * * * 8 * * * 9 * * * ... 19 * * * 20 * * * 21 * * * 22 * * * 23 * * * 24 * * * 25 * * * 26 * * * 27 * * * 28 * *^C |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.66 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=2.62 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.669/2.146/2.624/0.479 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3023ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=7 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=8 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=9 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=10 Destination Host Unreachable ... 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=28 ttl=64 time=1.30 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=29 ttl=64 time=2.17 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=30 ttl=64 time=1.66 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=31 ttl=64 time=1.33 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=32 ttl=64 time=1.33 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=33 ttl=64 time=1.73 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 33 packets transmitted, 21 received, +11 errors, 36% packet loss, time 32190ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.147/145.497/2007.771/467.377 ms, pipe 3 |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2000ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2001ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.22 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=1.93 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.221/1.578/1.935/0.357 ms |
#vim /etc/sysctl.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1360.73.15214 2011-12-13 10:23:25.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/sysctl.conf 2011-12-13 10:23:42.000000000 +0200 @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ #net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 -#net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 +net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 # Enabling this option disables Stateless Address Autoconfiguration |
#echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
|
#echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
|
#ping 192.168.30.1
PING 192.168.30.1 (192.168.30.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=62 time=4.91 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.1: icmp_req=2 ttl=62 time=6.21 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.1: icmp_req=3 ttl=62 time=14.8 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 4.915/8.666/14.868/4.417 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.1
PING 192.168.30.1 (192.168.30.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=62 time=4.58 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.1: icmp_req=2 ttl=62 time=6.68 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 2 received, 33% packet loss, time 2004ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 4.588/5.634/6.680/1.046 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=1 ttl=63 time=7.49 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=2 ttl=63 time=3.10 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 3.101/5.296/7.492/2.196 ms |
#ping ya.ru
PING ya.ru (213.180.193.3) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (213.180.193.3): icmp_req=1 ttl=54 time=28.0 ms 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (213.180.193.3): icmp_req=2 ttl=54 time=27.6 ms ^C --- ya.ru ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 27.698/27.875/28.052/0.177 ms |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:3e:00:00:02 inet addr:192.168.16.2 Bcast:192.168.16.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::216:3eff:fe00:2/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:844 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:487 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:66019 (64.4 KiB) TX bytes:69633 (68.0 KiB) Interrupt:5 Base address:0xe000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:3e:00:01:02 ... RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:328 (328.0 B) Interrupt:11 Base address:0xa200 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:560 (560.0 B) TX bytes:560 (560.0 B) |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.30.192 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.30.128 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.129 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 0.0.0.0 192.168.16.254 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 |
#route del dafault dev eth0
dafault: Неизвестный хост |
#route delete default dev eth0
|
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.30.192 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth2 192.168.30.128 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth1 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.129 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 |
#vim /etc/sysctl.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-1375.2933.28205 2011-12-13 10:36:57.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/sysctl.conf 2011-12-13 10:37:12.000000000 +0200 @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ #net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 -#net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 +net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 # Enabling this option disables Stateless Address Autoconfiguration |
#echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip
ip_default_ttl ipfrag_high_thresh ipfrag_secret_interval ip_nonlocal_bind ip_dynaddr ipfrag_low_thresh ipfrag_time ip_no_pmtu_disc ip_forward ipfrag_max_dist ip_local_port_range |
#echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
|
#ping 192.168.30.129
PING 192.168.30.129 (192.168.30.129) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.30.190 icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- 192.168.30.129 ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 0 received, +6 errors, 100% packet loss, time 6031ms pipe 3 |
#ping 192.168.30.190
PING 192.168.30.190 (192.168.30.190) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.190: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.029 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.190: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.027 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.190 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.027/0.028/0.029/0.001 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.193
PING 192.168.30.193 (192.168.30.193) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.193: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.191 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.193 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.191/0.191/0.191/0.000 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.129
PING 192.168.30.129 (192.168.30.129) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.48 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=1.31 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=1.45 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.129 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.314/1.416/1.481/0.073 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.78 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=2.16 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.785/1.976/2.167/0.191 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3023ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.30 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=1.95 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.305/1.630/1.956/0.327 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3004ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2014ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 0ms |
#ping 192.168.30.126
PING 192.168.30.126 (192.168.30.126) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.126: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.47 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.126 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.473/1.473/1.473/0.000 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.129
PING 192.168.30.129 (192.168.30.129) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=1.36 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=2.71 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.129: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=1.45 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.129 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.365/1.843/2.712/0.616 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2000ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=1 ttl=63 time=3.13 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=2 ttl=63 time=2.97 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=3 ttl=63 time=2.62 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=4 ttl=63 time=4.16 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3005ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.623/3.226/4.169/0.575 ms |
#arp -a
? (192.168.30.129) at 00:16:4e:00:02:01 [ether] on eth1 net.nt (192.168.16.254) at 00:07:e9:0c:45:0c [ether] on eth0 |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3010ms |
#ping 192.168.30.65
PING 192.168.30.65 (192.168.30.65) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=1 ttl=63 time=2.21 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=2 ttl=63 time=6.07 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=3 ttl=63 time=2.98 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=4 ttl=63 time=3.03 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=5 ttl=63 time=3.13 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=6 ttl=63 time=2.81 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=7 ttl=63 time=5.65 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=8 ttl=63 time=3.15 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=9 ttl=63 time=3.08 ms ... 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=14 ttl=63 time=6.44 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=15 ttl=63 time=3.19 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=16 ttl=63 time=3.46 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=17 ttl=63 time=3.07 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=18 ttl=63 time=2.96 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.65: icmp_req=19 ttl=63 time=3.54 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.65 ping statistics --- 19 packets transmitted, 19 received, 0% packet loss, time 18028ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 2.217/3.573/6.448/1.135 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.31
PING 192.168.30.31 (192.168.30.31) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.30.31 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1000ms |
#ping 192.168.30.1
PING 192.168.30.1 (192.168.30.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=62 time=6.39 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.1: icmp_req=2 ttl=62 time=5.30 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 5.300/5.849/6.399/0.554 ms |
#ping 192.168.30.1
PING 192.168.30.1 (192.168.30.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.30.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=62 time=4.04 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.30.1: icmp_req=2 ttl=62 time=4.59 ms ^C --- 192.168.30.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 4.046/4.321/4.597/0.283 ms |
#ping ya.ru
PING ya.ru (87.250.251.3) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.251.3): icmp_req=1 ttl=55 time=28.1 ms 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.251.3): icmp_req=2 ttl=55 time=28.8 ms ^C --- ya.ru ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 28.112/28.497/28.883/0.420 ms |
Время первой команды журнала | 08:21:30 2011-12-13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 09:54:16 2011-12-13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 100 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 38.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 1.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 1.55 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 1.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008