/l3/users/26-03-2012/NT-BSDnet/freebsd3.net.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 :28 :29 :30 :31 :32 :33 :34 :35 :36 :37 :38 :39 :40 :41 :42 |
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#rm /var/run/nologin^C
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#rm /var/run/nologin^C
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#rm /var/run/nologin^C
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#rm /var/run/nologin^C
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#rm /var/run/nologin^C
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#rm /var/run/nologin^C
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#rm /var/run/nologin^C
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#rm /var/run/nologin^C
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#rm /var/run/nologin^C
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#lastlogin
![]() root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23:10 2012 user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28:43 2012 |
#lastlogin
![]() root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23:10 2012 user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28:43 2012 |
#lastlogin
![]() root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23:10 2012 user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28:43 2012 |
#lastlogin
![]() root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23:10 2012 user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28:43 2012 |
#lastlogin
root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23:10 2012 user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28:43 2012 |
#last
![]() user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28 still logged in user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:27 - 12:27 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23 still logged in root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:22 - 12:23 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 11:55 - 12:22 (00:26) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:23 - 21:40 (01:16) user ttyrg freebsd3.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:20 - 20:22 (00:01) root ttyqm fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:18 - 20:22 (00:04) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:13 - 20:22 (00:09) user ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:10 - 21:40 (01:29) ... root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:27 - 14:28 (00:01) user ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:27 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:26 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:26 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:22 - 14:26 (00:03) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 11:01 - 14:22 (03:21) reboot ~ Mon Sep 26 11:00 root ttyv0 Sun Sep 25 18:38 - 19:09 (00:30) reboot ~ Sun Sep 25 18:38 wtmp begins Sun Sep 25 18:38:33 EEST 2011 |
#last
![]() user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28 still logged in user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:27 - 12:27 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23 still logged in root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:22 - 12:23 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 11:55 - 12:22 (00:26) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:23 - 21:40 (01:16) user ttyrg freebsd3.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:20 - 20:22 (00:01) root ttyqm fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:18 - 20:22 (00:04) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:13 - 20:22 (00:09) user ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:10 - 21:40 (01:29) ... root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:27 - 14:28 (00:01) user ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:27 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:26 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:26 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:22 - 14:26 (00:03) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 11:01 - 14:22 (03:21) reboot ~ Mon Sep 26 11:00 root ttyv0 Sun Sep 25 18:38 - 19:09 (00:30) reboot ~ Sun Sep 25 18:38 wtmp begins Sun Sep 25 18:38:33 EEST 2011 |
#last
![]() user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28 still logged in user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:27 - 12:27 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23 still logged in root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:22 - 12:23 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 11:55 - 12:22 (00:26) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:23 - 21:40 (01:16) user ttyrg freebsd3.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:20 - 20:22 (00:01) root ttyqm fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:18 - 20:22 (00:04) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:13 - 20:22 (00:09) user ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:10 - 21:40 (01:29) ... root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:27 - 14:28 (00:01) user ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:27 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:26 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:26 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:22 - 14:26 (00:03) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 11:01 - 14:22 (03:21) reboot ~ Mon Sep 26 11:00 root ttyv0 Sun Sep 25 18:38 - 19:09 (00:30) reboot ~ Sun Sep 25 18:38 wtmp begins Sun Sep 25 18:38:33 EEST 2011 |
#last
![]() user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28 still logged in user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:27 - 12:27 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23 still logged in root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:22 - 12:23 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 11:55 - 12:22 (00:26) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:23 - 21:40 (01:16) user ttyrg freebsd3.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:20 - 20:22 (00:01) root ttyqm fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:18 - 20:22 (00:04) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:13 - 20:22 (00:09) user ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:10 - 21:40 (01:29) ... root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:27 - 14:28 (00:01) user ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:27 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:26 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:26 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:22 - 14:26 (00:03) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 11:01 - 14:22 (03:21) reboot ~ Mon Sep 26 11:00 root ttyv0 Sun Sep 25 18:38 - 19:09 (00:30) reboot ~ Sun Sep 25 18:38 wtmp begins Sun Sep 25 18:38:33 EEST 2011 |
#last
user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28 still logged in user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:27 - 12:27 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23 still logged in root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:22 - 12:23 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 11:55 - 12:22 (00:26) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:23 - 21:40 (01:16) user ttyrg freebsd3.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:20 - 20:22 (00:01) root ttyqm fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:18 - 20:22 (00:04) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:13 - 20:22 (00:09) user ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:10 - 21:40 (01:29) ... root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:27 - 14:28 (00:01) user ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:27 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:26 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:26 - 14:26 (00:00) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 14:22 - 14:26 (00:03) root ttyv0 Mon Sep 26 11:01 - 14:22 (03:21) reboot ~ Mon Sep 26 11:00 root ttyv0 Sun Sep 25 18:38 - 19:09 (00:30) reboot ~ Sun Sep 25 18:38 wtmp begins Sun Sep 25 18:38:33 EEST 2011 |
#last -10
![]() user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28 still logged in user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:27 - 12:27 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23 still logged in root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:22 - 12:23 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 11:55 - 12:22 (00:26) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:23 - 21:40 (01:16) user ttyrg freebsd3.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:20 - 20:22 (00:01) root ttyqm fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:18 - 20:22 (00:04) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:13 - 20:22 (00:09) user ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:10 - 21:40 (01:29) |
#last -10
![]() user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28 still logged in user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:27 - 12:27 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23 still logged in root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:22 - 12:23 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 11:55 - 12:22 (00:26) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:23 - 21:40 (01:16) user ttyrg freebsd3.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:20 - 20:22 (00:01) root ttyqm fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:18 - 20:22 (00:04) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:13 - 20:22 (00:09) user ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:10 - 21:40 (01:29) |
#last -10
![]() user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28 still logged in user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:27 - 12:27 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23 still logged in root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:22 - 12:23 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 11:55 - 12:22 (00:26) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:23 - 21:40 (01:16) user ttyrg freebsd3.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:20 - 20:22 (00:01) root ttyqm fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:18 - 20:22 (00:04) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:13 - 20:22 (00:09) user ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:10 - 21:40 (01:29) |
#last -10
user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:28 still logged in user ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:27 - 12:27 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:23 still logged in root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 12:22 - 12:23 (00:00) root ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Thu Mar 29 11:55 - 12:22 (00:26) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:23 - 21:40 (01:16) user ttyrg freebsd3.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:20 - 20:22 (00:01) root ttyqm fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:18 - 20:22 (00:04) root ttyp2 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:13 - 20:22 (00:09) user ttyp0 fobos.net.nt Wed Mar 28 20:10 - 21:40 (01:29) |
#less /etc/passwd
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#less /etc/passwd
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#less /etc/passwd
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#less /etc/passwd
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#less /etc/passwd
|
#less /etc/master.passwd
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#less /etc/master.passwd
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#less /etc/master.passwd
|
#adduser
![]() Username: user2 Full name: user2 Uid (Leave empty for default): Login group [user2]: Login group is user2. Invite user2 into other groups? []: Login class [default]: Shell (sh csh tcsh bash rbash nologin) [sh]: bash Home directory [/home/user2]: Home directory permissions (Leave empty for default): Use password-based authentication? [yes]: ... Class : Groups : user2 Home : /home/user2 Home Mode : Shell : /usr/local/bin/bash Locked : no OK? (yes/no): yes adduser: INFO: Successfully added (user2) to the user database. Add another user? (yes/no): no Goodbye! |
#adduser
![]() Username: user2 Full name: user2 Uid (Leave empty for default): Login group [user2]: Login group is user2. Invite user2 into other groups? []: Login class [default]: Shell (sh csh tcsh bash rbash nologin) [sh]: bash Home directory [/home/user2]: Home directory permissions (Leave empty for default): Use password-based authentication? [yes]: ... Class : Groups : user2 Home : /home/user2 Home Mode : Shell : /usr/local/bin/bash Locked : no OK? (yes/no): yes adduser: INFO: Successfully added (user2) to the user database. Add another user? (yes/no): no Goodbye! |
#adduser
![]() Username: user2 Full name: user2 Uid (Leave empty for default): Login group [user2]: Login group is user2. Invite user2 into other groups? []: Login class [default]: Shell (sh csh tcsh bash rbash nologin) [sh]: bash Home directory [/home/user2]: Home directory permissions (Leave empty for default): Use password-based authentication? [yes]: ... Class : Groups : user2 Home : /home/user2 Home Mode : Shell : /usr/local/bin/bash Locked : no OK? (yes/no): yes adduser: INFO: Successfully added (user2) to the user database. Add another user? (yes/no): no Goodbye! |
#adduser
![]() Username: user2 Full name: user2 Uid (Leave empty for default): Login group [user2]: Login group is user2. Invite user2 into other groups? []: Login class [default]: Shell (sh csh tcsh bash rbash nologin) [sh]: bash Home directory [/home/user2]: Home directory permissions (Leave empty for default): Use password-based authentication? [yes]: ... Class : Groups : user2 Home : /home/user2 Home Mode : Shell : /usr/local/bin/bash Locked : no OK? (yes/no): yes adduser: INFO: Successfully added (user2) to the user database. Add another user? (yes/no): no Goodbye! |
#adduser
Username: user2 Full name: user2 Uid (Leave empty for default): Login group [user2]: Login group is user2. Invite user2 into other groups? []: Login class [default]: Shell (sh csh tcsh bash rbash nologin) [sh]: bash Home directory [/home/user2]: Home directory permissions (Leave empty for default): Use password-based authentication? [yes]: ... Class : Groups : user2 Home : /home/user2 Home Mode : Shell : /usr/local/bin/bash Locked : no OK? (yes/no): yes adduser: INFO: Successfully added (user2) to the user database. Add another user? (yes/no): no Goodbye! |
#less /etc/passwd
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#less /etc/passwd
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#less /etc/passwd
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#less /etc/passwd
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#less /etc/passwd
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#less /etc/passwd
|
#vim /etc/adduser.conf
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#vim /etc/adduser.conf
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#vim /etc/adduser.conf
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#vim /etc/adduser.conf
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#~
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#~
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#~
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#~
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#fdisk -l /dev/ad0
![]() fdisk: illegal option -- l usage: fdisk [-BIaipqstu] [-b bootcode] [-1234] [disk] fdisk -f configfile [-itv] [disk] |
#fdisk -l /dev/ad0
![]() ad0 ad0s1 ad0s1a ad0s1b ad0s1c ad0s1d ad0s1e ad0s1f |
#fdisk -l /dev/ad0
![]() fdisk: illegal option -- l usage: fdisk [-BIaipqstu] [-b bootcode] [-1234] [disk] fdisk -f configfile [-itv] [disk] |
#fdisk -l /dev/ad0
![]() ad0 ad0s1 ad0s1a ad0s1b ad0s1c ad0s1d ad0s1e ad0s1f |
#fdisk -l /dev/ad0
![]() fdisk: illegal option -- l usage: fdisk [-BIaipqstu] [-b bootcode] [-1234] [disk] fdisk -f configfile [-itv] [disk] |
#fdisk -f /dev/ad0
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0 ******* |
#fdisk -f /dev/ad0
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0 ******* |
#fdisk -f /dev/ad0
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0 ******* |
#fdisk -f /dev/ad0
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0 ******* |
#fdisk -f /dev/ad0
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0 ******* |
#fdisk -f /dev/ad0
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0 ******* |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31207 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31207 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 63, size 31456593 (15359 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 1/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 15/ sector 63 The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: <UNUSED> |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31207 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31207 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 63, size 31456593 (15359 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 1/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 15/ sector 63 The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: <UNUSED> |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31207 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31207 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 63, size 31456593 (15359 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 1/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 15/ sector 63 The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: <UNUSED> |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31207 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31207 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 63, size 31456593 (15359 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 1/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 15/ sector 63 The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: <UNUSED> |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31207 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31207 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 63, size 31456593 (15359 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 1/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 15/ sector 63 The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: <UNUSED> |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0
******* Working on device /dev/ad0 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31207 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31207 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 63, size 31456593 (15359 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 1/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 15/ sector 63 The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: <UNUSED> |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0s1
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0s1 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 0, size 50000 (24 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 0/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 254/ sector 63 |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0s1
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0s1 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 0, size 50000 (24 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 0/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 254/ sector 63 |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0s1
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0s1 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 0, size 50000 (24 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 0/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 254/ sector 63 |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0s1
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0s1 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 0, size 50000 (24 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 0/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 254/ sector 63 |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0s1
******* Working on device /dev/ad0s1 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 0, size 50000 (24 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 0/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 254/ sector 63 |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0s1
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0s1 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 0, size 50000 (24 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 0/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 254/ sector 63 |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0s1
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0s1 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 0, size 50000 (24 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 0/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 254/ sector 63 |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0s1
![]() ******* Working on device /dev/ad0s1 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 0, size 50000 (24 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 0/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 254/ sector 63 |
#fdisk -v /dev/ad0s1
******* Working on device /dev/ad0s1 ******* parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1 parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are: cylinders=31206 heads=16 sectors/track=63 (1008 blks/cyl) Media sector size is 512 Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1 Information from DOS bootblock is: The data for partition 1 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 2 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 3 is: <UNUSED> The data for partition 4 is: sysid 165 (0xa5),(FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD) start 0, size 50000 (24 Meg), flag 80 (active) beg: cyl 0/ head 0/ sector 1; end: cyl 1023/ head 254/ sector 63 |
#sysinstall
![]() x x Distributions Install additional distribution sets x x lq option witqqqqqqqqqq FreeBSD Configuration Menu qqqqqqqqqqq to Exit. qk x x Root Password Set the system manager's password x x x If you've already installed FreeBSD, you may use this menu to customize x x x Label Installation instructions, README, etc. x x x it somewhat to suit your particular configuration. Most importantly, x x x Keymap Select keyboard type ior x x x you can use the Packages utility to load extra "3rd party" x x x Options View/Set various installation options x x x software not provided in the base distributions. x ... x x Console Customize system console behavior x x x x Time Zone Set which time zone you're in x x x x Media Change the installation media type x x [ OK ] Cancel x x x Mouse [ Press F1 for more information on these options ] xqj mq x Networking Configure additional network services x x x mq.(+) qj x tq qu x |
#sysinstall
![]() x x Distributions Install additional distribution sets x x lq option witqqqqqqqqqq FreeBSD Configuration Menu qqqqqqqqqqq to Exit. qk x x Root Password Set the system manager's password x x x If you've already installed FreeBSD, you may use this menu to customize x x x Label Installation instructions, README, etc. x x x it somewhat to suit your particular configuration. Most importantly, x x x Keymap Select keyboard type ior x x x you can use the Packages utility to load extra "3rd party" x x x Options View/Set various installation options x x x software not provided in the base distributions. x ... x x Console Customize system console behavior x x x x Time Zone Set which time zone you're in x x x x Media Change the installation media type x x [ OK ] Cancel x x x Mouse [ Press F1 for more information on these options ] xqj mq x Networking Configure additional network services x x x mq.(+) qj x tq qu x |
#sysinstall
![]() x x Distributions Install additional distribution sets x x lq option witqqqqqqqqqq FreeBSD Configuration Menu qqqqqqqqqqq to Exit. qk x x Root Password Set the system manager's password x x x If you've already installed FreeBSD, you may use this menu to customize x x x Label Installation instructions, README, etc. x x x it somewhat to suit your particular configuration. Most importantly, x x x Keymap Select keyboard type ior x x x you can use the Packages utility to load extra "3rd party" x x x Options View/Set various installation options x x x software not provided in the base distributions. x ... x x Console Customize system console behavior x x x x Time Zone Set which time zone you're in x x x x Media Change the installation media type x x [ OK ] Cancel x x x Mouse [ Press F1 for more information on these options ] xqj mq x Networking Configure additional network services x x x mq.(+) qj x tq qu x |
#sysinstall
x x Distributions Install additional distribution sets x x lq option witqqqqqqqqqq FreeBSD Configuration Menu qqqqqqqqqqq to Exit. qk x x Root Password Set the system manager's password x x x If you've already installed FreeBSD, you may use this menu to customize x x x Label Installation instructions, README, etc. x x x it somewhat to suit your particular configuration. Most importantly, x x x Keymap Select keyboard type ior x x x you can use the Packages utility to load extra "3rd party" x x x Options View/Set various installation options x x x software not provided in the base distributions. x ... x x Console Customize system console behavior x x x x Time Zone Set which time zone you're in x x x x Media Change the installation media type x x [ OK ] Cancel x x x Mouse [ Press F1 for more information on these options ] xqj mq x Networking Configure additional network services x x x mq.(+) qj x tq qu x |
#top
![]() last pid: 46402; load averages: 0.08, 0.03, 0.01 up 0+22:42:11 18:50:55 26 pr 0.0% user, 0.0% nice, 0.0% system, 5.8% interrupt, 94.2% idle Mem: 105M Active, 170M Inact, 105M Wired, 996K Cache, 60M Buf, 109M Free Swap: 1826M Total, 45M Used, 1781M Free, 2% Inuse PID USERNAME THR PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE TIME WCPU COMMAND 1275 root 1 8 0 253M 69600K nanslp 13:37 1.95% perl5.10.1 7883 root 1 8 0 263M 70332K nanslp 12:08 1.95% perl5.10.1 3428 root 1 8 0 249M 48412K nanslp 13:22 0.00% perl5.10.1 19511 root 1 8 0 167M 64628K nanslp 11:21 0.00% perl5.10.1 1207 user 1 8 0 23188K 6724K nanslp 1:24 0.00% perl5.10.1 ... 1050 root 1 44 0 5936K 716K select 0:02 0.00% sendmail 1062 root 1 8 0 3244K 392K nanslp 0:00 0.00% cron 813 root 1 44 0 3216K 476K select 0:00 0.00% syslogd 751 root 1 44 0 1888K 192K select 0:00 0.00% devd 1056 smmsp 1 20 0 5936K 800K pause 0:00 0.00% sendmail 1084 root 1 44 0 3272K 544K select 0:00 0.00% inetd 46339 root 1 96 0 3216K 820K select 0:00 0.00% script 46335 root 1 45 0 8460K 3436K select 0:00 0.00% sshd 46376 root 1 8 0 4432K 2024K wait 0:00 0.00% bash 1043 root 1 44 0 5784K 528K select 0:00 0.00% sshd |
#top
last pid: 46402; load averages: 0.08, 0.03, 0.01 up 0+22:42:11 18:50:55 26 pr 0.0% user, 0.0% nice, 0.0% system, 5.8% interrupt, 94.2% idle Mem: 105M Active, 170M Inact, 105M Wired, 996K Cache, 60M Buf, 109M Free Swap: 1826M Total, 45M Used, 1781M Free, 2% Inuse PID USERNAME THR PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE TIME WCPU COMMAND 1275 root 1 8 0 253M 69600K nanslp 13:37 1.95% perl5.10.1 7883 root 1 8 0 263M 70332K nanslp 12:08 1.95% perl5.10.1 3428 root 1 8 0 249M 48412K nanslp 13:22 0.00% perl5.10.1 19511 root 1 8 0 167M 64628K nanslp 11:21 0.00% perl5.10.1 1207 user 1 8 0 23188K 6724K nanslp 1:24 0.00% perl5.10.1 ... 1050 root 1 44 0 5936K 716K select 0:02 0.00% sendmail 1062 root 1 8 0 3244K 392K nanslp 0:00 0.00% cron 813 root 1 44 0 3216K 476K select 0:00 0.00% syslogd 751 root 1 44 0 1888K 192K select 0:00 0.00% devd 1056 smmsp 1 20 0 5936K 800K pause 0:00 0.00% sendmail 1084 root 1 44 0 3272K 544K select 0:00 0.00% inetd 46339 root 1 96 0 3216K 820K select 0:00 0.00% script 46335 root 1 45 0 8460K 3436K select 0:00 0.00% sshd 46376 root 1 8 0 4432K 2024K wait 0:00 0.00% bash 1043 root 1 44 0 5784K 528K select 0:00 0.00% sshd |
#ps aux|less
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#ps aux|less
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#ps aux|less
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#ps aux|less
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#kill -9 1
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#kill -9 1
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#kill -9 1
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#kill -9 1
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#ps aux|less
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#ps aux|less
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#ps aux|less
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Время первой команды журнала | 11:27:38 2012- 3-29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 17:52:10 2012- 3-29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 12.87 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 5.64 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
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В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
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Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
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Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008