/l3/users/4-12-2006/fbsd-adm/fbsd3.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 |
|
#grep -ir i686 sys/
![]() |
#grep -ir i686 sys/
![]() |
#grep -ir i686 sys/
![]() |
#grep -ir i686 /sys | less
![]() |
#grep -ir i686 /sys | less
![]() |
#grep -ir i686 /sys | less
![]() |
#grep -ir i686 /sys | less
|
#pciconf -lv
![]() agp0@pci0:0:0: class=0x060000 card=0x1a308086 chip=0x1a308086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to I/O Bridge' class = bridge subclass = HOST-PCI pcib1@pci0:1:0: class=0x060400 card=0x00000000 chip=0x1a318086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x01 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to AGP Bridge' class = bridge subclass = PCI-PCI ... drm0@pci1:0:0: class=0x030000 card=0x54461002 chip=0x50461002 rev=0x00 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'ATI Technologies Inc' device = 'Rage 128 PF/Pro AGP 4x (TMDS)' class = display subclass = VGA xl0@pci2:2:0: class=0x020000 card=0x100010b7 chip=0x920010b7 rev=0x30 hdr=0x00 vendor = '3COM Corp, Networking Division' device = '3C905C-TX Fast EtherLink for PC Management NIC' class = network subclass = ethernet |
#pci
![]() pciconf pcitweak |
#pciconf -lv
![]() agp0@pci0:0:0: class=0x060000 card=0x1a308086 chip=0x1a308086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to I/O Bridge' class = bridge subclass = HOST-PCI pcib1@pci0:1:0: class=0x060400 card=0x00000000 chip=0x1a318086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x01 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to AGP Bridge' class = bridge subclass = PCI-PCI ... drm0@pci1:0:0: class=0x030000 card=0x54461002 chip=0x50461002 rev=0x00 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'ATI Technologies Inc' device = 'Rage 128 PF/Pro AGP 4x (TMDS)' class = display subclass = VGA xl0@pci2:2:0: class=0x020000 card=0x100010b7 chip=0x920010b7 rev=0x30 hdr=0x00 vendor = '3COM Corp, Networking Division' device = '3C905C-TX Fast EtherLink for PC Management NIC' class = network subclass = ethernet |
#pci
![]() pciconf pcitweak |
#pciconf -lv
![]() agp0@pci0:0:0: class=0x060000 card=0x1a308086 chip=0x1a308086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to I/O Bridge' class = bridge subclass = HOST-PCI pcib1@pci0:1:0: class=0x060400 card=0x00000000 chip=0x1a318086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x01 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to AGP Bridge' class = bridge subclass = PCI-PCI ... drm0@pci1:0:0: class=0x030000 card=0x54461002 chip=0x50461002 rev=0x00 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'ATI Technologies Inc' device = 'Rage 128 PF/Pro AGP 4x (TMDS)' class = display subclass = VGA xl0@pci2:2:0: class=0x020000 card=0x100010b7 chip=0x920010b7 rev=0x30 hdr=0x00 vendor = '3COM Corp, Networking Division' device = '3C905C-TX Fast EtherLink for PC Management NIC' class = network subclass = ethernet |
#pci
![]() pciconf pcitweak |
#pciconf -lv
![]() agp0@pci0:0:0: class=0x060000 card=0x1a308086 chip=0x1a308086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to I/O Bridge' class = bridge subclass = HOST-PCI pcib1@pci0:1:0: class=0x060400 card=0x00000000 chip=0x1a318086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x01 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to AGP Bridge' class = bridge subclass = PCI-PCI ... drm0@pci1:0:0: class=0x030000 card=0x54461002 chip=0x50461002 rev=0x00 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'ATI Technologies Inc' device = 'Rage 128 PF/Pro AGP 4x (TMDS)' class = display subclass = VGA xl0@pci2:2:0: class=0x020000 card=0x100010b7 chip=0x920010b7 rev=0x30 hdr=0x00 vendor = '3COM Corp, Networking Division' device = '3C905C-TX Fast EtherLink for PC Management NIC' class = network subclass = ethernet |
#pci
![]() pciconf pcitweak |
#pciconf -lv
![]() agp0@pci0:0:0: class=0x060000 card=0x1a308086 chip=0x1a308086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to I/O Bridge' class = bridge subclass = HOST-PCI pcib1@pci0:1:0: class=0x060400 card=0x00000000 chip=0x1a318086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x01 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to AGP Bridge' class = bridge subclass = PCI-PCI ... drm0@pci1:0:0: class=0x030000 card=0x54461002 chip=0x50461002 rev=0x00 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'ATI Technologies Inc' device = 'Rage 128 PF/Pro AGP 4x (TMDS)' class = display subclass = VGA xl0@pci2:2:0: class=0x020000 card=0x100010b7 chip=0x920010b7 rev=0x30 hdr=0x00 vendor = '3COM Corp, Networking Division' device = '3C905C-TX Fast EtherLink for PC Management NIC' class = network subclass = ethernet |
#pci
![]() pciconf pcitweak |
#pciconf -lv
![]() agp0@pci0:0:0: class=0x060000 card=0x1a308086 chip=0x1a308086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to I/O Bridge' class = bridge subclass = HOST-PCI pcib1@pci0:1:0: class=0x060400 card=0x00000000 chip=0x1a318086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x01 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to AGP Bridge' class = bridge subclass = PCI-PCI ... drm0@pci1:0:0: class=0x030000 card=0x54461002 chip=0x50461002 rev=0x00 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'ATI Technologies Inc' device = 'Rage 128 PF/Pro AGP 4x (TMDS)' class = display subclass = VGA xl0@pci2:2:0: class=0x020000 card=0x100010b7 chip=0x920010b7 rev=0x30 hdr=0x00 vendor = '3COM Corp, Networking Division' device = '3C905C-TX Fast EtherLink for PC Management NIC' class = network subclass = ethernet |
#pci
![]() pciconf pcitweak |
#pciconf -lv
agp0@pci0:0:0: class=0x060000 card=0x1a308086 chip=0x1a308086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to I/O Bridge' class = bridge subclass = HOST-PCI pcib1@pci0:1:0: class=0x060400 card=0x00000000 chip=0x1a318086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x01 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to AGP Bridge' class = bridge subclass = PCI-PCI ... drm0@pci1:0:0: class=0x030000 card=0x54461002 chip=0x50461002 rev=0x00 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'ATI Technologies Inc' device = 'Rage 128 PF/Pro AGP 4x (TMDS)' class = display subclass = VGA xl0@pci2:2:0: class=0x020000 card=0x100010b7 chip=0x920010b7 rev=0x30 hdr=0x00 vendor = '3COM Corp, Networking Division' device = '3C905C-TX Fast EtherLink for PC Management NIC' class = network subclass = ethernet |
#apropos kld
kld(4) - dynamic kernel linker facility kldconfig(8) - display or modify the kernel module search path kldfind(2) - returns the fileid of a kld file kldfirstmod(2) - return first module id from the kld file specified kldload(2) - load KLD files into the kernel kldload(8) - load a file into the kernel kldnext(2) - return the fileid of the next kld file kldstat(2) - get status of kld file kldstat(8) - display status of dynamic kernel linker kldsym(2) - look up address by symbol name in a KLD kldunload(2) - unload kld files kldunload(8) - unload a file from the kernel kldxref(8) - generate hints for the kernel loader |
#kldfind hdr
![]() bash: kldfind: command not found |
#k
![]() Display all 360 possibilities? (y or n) |
#kl
![]() klatin klickety klauncher klines kldconfig klines.kss kldload klinkstatus kldstat klipper kldunload klist kldxref klocaldomainurifilterhelper kleopatra klorenz.kss klettres |
#locate hdr
![]() locate: database too small: /var/db/locate.database |
#ssh root@192.168.15.21
The authenticity of host '192.168.15.21 (192.168.15.21)' can't be established. DSA key fingerprint is 2b:d0:ab:2c:96:13:5e:c8:4f:76:2c:dc:fd:b4:82:b8. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.15.21' (DSA) to the list of known hosts. Password: Last login: Wed Dec 6 10:48:50 2006 Copyright (c) 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. FreeBSD 6.2-RC1 (TEST) #0: Sat Dec 2 19:38:45 UTC 2006 Welcome to FreeBSD! ... http://www.FreeBSD.org/search/. If the doc distribution has been installed, they're also available formatted in /usr/share/doc. If you still have a question or problem, please take the output of `uname -a', along with any relevant error messages, and email it as a question to the questions@FreeBSD.org mailing list. If you are unfamiliar with FreeBSD's directory layout, please refer to the hier(7) manual page. If you are not familiar with manual pages, type `man man'. You may also use sysinstall(8) to re-enter the installation and configuration utility. Edit /etc/motd to change this login announcement. Removing stale pidfile |
#locate hdr
![]() /usr/X11R6/include/qvfbhdr.h /usr/X11R6/man/man3/XWithdrawWindow.3.gz /usr/include/netnatm/msg/uni_hdr.h /usr/local/gnu-autotools/share/automake-1.9/am/clean-hdr.am /usr/local/gnu-autotools/share/automake-1.9/am/remake-hdr.am /usr/local/lib/kde3/kimg_hdr.a /usr/local/lib/kde3/kimg_hdr.la /usr/local/lib/kde3/kimg_hdr.so /usr/local/lib/python2.4/imghdr.py /usr/local/lib/python2.4/imghdr.pyc ... /usr/src/contrib/cpio/src/tarhdr.h /usr/src/crypto/openssl/crypto/asn1/a_hdr.c /usr/src/lib/libc/net/inet6_rthdr_space.3 /usr/src/lib/libc/net/rthdr.c /usr/src/sys/contrib/ngatm/netnatm/msg/uni_hdr.h /usr/src/sys/i386/isa/pcvt/pcvt_hdr.h /usr/src/usr.sbin/kgzip/aouthdr.c /usr/src/usr.sbin/kgzip/aouthdr.h /usr/src/usr.sbin/kgzip/elfhdr.c /usr/src/usr.sbin/kgzip/elfhdr.h |
#locate hdr
![]() /usr/X11R6/include/qvfbhdr.h /usr/X11R6/man/man3/XWithdrawWindow.3.gz /usr/include/netnatm/msg/uni_hdr.h /usr/local/gnu-autotools/share/automake-1.9/am/clean-hdr.am /usr/local/gnu-autotools/share/automake-1.9/am/remake-hdr.am /usr/local/lib/kde3/kimg_hdr.a /usr/local/lib/kde3/kimg_hdr.la /usr/local/lib/kde3/kimg_hdr.so /usr/local/lib/python2.4/imghdr.py /usr/local/lib/python2.4/imghdr.pyc ... /usr/src/contrib/cpio/src/tarhdr.h /usr/src/crypto/openssl/crypto/asn1/a_hdr.c /usr/src/lib/libc/net/inet6_rthdr_space.3 /usr/src/lib/libc/net/rthdr.c /usr/src/sys/contrib/ngatm/netnatm/msg/uni_hdr.h /usr/src/sys/i386/isa/pcvt/pcvt_hdr.h /usr/src/usr.sbin/kgzip/aouthdr.c /usr/src/usr.sbin/kgzip/aouthdr.h /usr/src/usr.sbin/kgzip/elfhdr.c /usr/src/usr.sbin/kgzip/elfhdr.h |
#locate hdr
/usr/X11R6/include/qvfbhdr.h /usr/X11R6/man/man3/XWithdrawWindow.3.gz /usr/include/netnatm/msg/uni_hdr.h /usr/local/gnu-autotools/share/automake-1.9/am/clean-hdr.am /usr/local/gnu-autotools/share/automake-1.9/am/remake-hdr.am /usr/local/lib/kde3/kimg_hdr.a /usr/local/lib/kde3/kimg_hdr.la /usr/local/lib/kde3/kimg_hdr.so /usr/local/lib/python2.4/imghdr.py /usr/local/lib/python2.4/imghdr.pyc ... /usr/src/contrib/cpio/src/tarhdr.h /usr/src/crypto/openssl/crypto/asn1/a_hdr.c /usr/src/lib/libc/net/inet6_rthdr_space.3 /usr/src/lib/libc/net/rthdr.c /usr/src/sys/contrib/ngatm/netnatm/msg/uni_hdr.h /usr/src/sys/i386/isa/pcvt/pcvt_hdr.h /usr/src/usr.sbin/kgzip/aouthdr.c /usr/src/usr.sbin/kgzip/aouthdr.h /usr/src/usr.sbin/kgzip/elfhdr.c /usr/src/usr.sbin/kgzip/elfhdr.h |
#ls -l /
total 61 -rw-r--r-- 2 root wheel 210 6 ÄÅË 2003 .cshrc drwx------ 2 root wheel 512 2 ÄÅË 14:54 .mozilla -rw-r--r-- 2 root wheel 251 2 ÄÅË 15:35 .profile drwxrwxr-x 2 root operator 512 2 ÄÅË 14:26 .snap -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 6187 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 COPYRIGHT drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 2 ÄÅË 14:26 bin drwxr-xr-x 7 root wheel 512 2 ÄÅË 21:24 boot drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 2 ÄÅË 14:26 cdrom lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 10 2 ÄÅË 14:32 compat -> usr/compat ... drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 16 ÎÏÑ 02:09 mnt dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 16 ÎÏÑ 02:09 proc drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 2560 2 ÄÅË 14:26 rescue drwxr-xr-x 23 root wheel 1536 6 ÄÅË 17:42 root drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 2560 2 ÄÅË 14:26 sbin lrwxrwxrwx 1 root wheel 11 2 ÄÅË 14:26 sys -> usr/src/sys drwxrwxrwt 19 root wheel 1536 6 ÄÅË 17:42 tmp drwxr-xr-x 17 root wheel 512 2 ÄÅË 14:33 usr drwxr-xr-x 25 root wheel 512 6 ÄÅË 10:34 var drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 2 ÄÅË 15:58 win |
#kldload hdr
![]() kldload: can't load hdr: No such file or directory |
#kld
![]() kldconfig kldload kldstat kldunload kldxref |
#kldload hdr
![]() kldload: can't load hdr: No such file or directory |
#pci
![]() pciconf pcitweak |
#pciconf -lv
agp0@pci0:0:0: class=0x060000 card=0x1a308086 chip=0x1a308086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to I/O Bridge' class = bridge subclass = HOST-PCI pcib1@pci0:1:0: class=0x060400 card=0x00000000 chip=0x1a318086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x01 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to AGP Bridge' class = bridge subclass = PCI-PCI ... drm0@pci1:0:0: class=0x030000 card=0x54461002 chip=0x50461002 rev=0x00 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'ATI Technologies Inc' device = 'Rage 128 PF/Pro AGP 4x (TMDS)' class = display subclass = VGA xl0@pci2:2:0: class=0x020000 card=0x100010b7 chip=0x920010b7 rev=0x30 hdr=0x00 vendor = '3COM Corp, Networking Division' device = '3C905C-TX Fast EtherLink for PC Management NIC' class = network subclass = ethernet |
#kldload snd_ich
|
#grep snd_ich /boot/defaults/loader.conf
snd_ich_load="NO" # Intel ICH |
#vi /boot/loader.conf
![]() |
#vi /boot/loader.conf
![]() |
#vi /boot/loader.conf
|
#cat /dev/sndstat
FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm) Installed devices: pcm0: <Intel ICH2 (82801BA)> at io 0xbc00, 0xc000 irq 17 bufsz 16384 kld snd_ich (1p/1r/0v channels duplex default) |
#dmesg | grep -i cpu
CPU: Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 1.70GHz (1699.95-MHz 686-class CPU) cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0 acpi_throttle0: <ACPI CPU Throttling> on cpu0 |
#ls -l /
total 61 -rw-r--r-- 2 root wheel 210 6 ÄÅË 2003 .cshrc drwx------ 2 root wheel 512 2 ÄÅË 19:56 .mozilla -rw-r--r-- 2 root wheel 251 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 .profile drwxrwxr-x 2 root operator 512 2 ÄÅË 19:22 .snap -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 6187 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 COPYRIGHT drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 1024 2 ÄÅË 19:22 bin drwxr-xr-x 6 root wheel 512 2 ÄÅË 19:29 boot drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 2 ÄÅË 19:22 cdrom lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 10 2 ÄÅË 19:29 compat -> usr/compat ... drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 16 ÎÏÑ 02:09 mnt dr-xr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 16 ÎÏÑ 02:09 proc drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 2560 2 ÄÅË 19:22 rescue drwxr-xr-x 17 root wheel 1536 6 ÄÅË 22:12 root drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 2560 2 ÄÅË 19:22 sbin lrwxrwxrwx 1 root wheel 11 2 ÄÅË 19:22 sys -> usr/src/sys drwxrwxrwt 17 root wheel 512 6 ÄÅË 22:20 tmp drwxr-xr-x 17 root wheel 512 2 ÄÅË 19:29 usr drwxr-xr-x 25 root wheel 512 6 ÄÅË 10:36 var drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 4 ÄÅË 10:32 win |
#ls -l /boot/
total 620 drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 9728 2 ÄÅË 14:26 GENERIC -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 7638 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 beastie.4th -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 8192 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 boot -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 512 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 boot0 -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 512 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 boot0sio -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 512 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 boot1 -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 7680 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 boot2 -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 1200 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 cdboot drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 2 ÄÅË 14:26 defaults ... -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 7772 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 loader.4th -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0 2 ÄÅË 14:32 loader.conf -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 15219 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 loader.help -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 389 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 loader.rc -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 512 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 mbr -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 512 2 ÄÅË 18:05 mbr.SAVED drwxr-xr-x 2 root wheel 512 16 ÎÏÑ 02:09 modules -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 219136 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 pxeboot -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 692 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 screen.4th -r--r--r-- 1 root wheel 36440 16 ÎÏÑ 02:11 support.4th |
#shutdown -p now
Shutdown NOW! shutdown: [pid 10136] *** FINAL System shutdown message from root@fbsd1.unix.nt *** System going down IMMEDIATELY wall: /dev/:0: No such file or directory |
#shutdown -p now
![]() Shutdown NOW! shutdown: [pid 3326] |
#shutdown -p now
![]() Shutdown NOW! shutdown: [pid 3326] |
#shutdown -p now
![]() Shutdown NOW! shutdown: [pid 3326] |
#shutdown -p now
![]() Shutdown NOW! shutdown: [pid 3326] |
#shutdown -p now
![]() Shutdown NOW! shutdown: [pid 3326] |
#shutdown -p now
![]() Shutdown NOW! shutdown: [pid 3326] |
#shutdown -p now
Shutdown NOW! shutdown: [pid 3326] |
#cat /dev/s
![]() stderr stdin stdout sysmouse |
#cat /dev/sysmouse
![]() ^C |
#pci
![]() pciconf pcitweak |
#pciconf -lv
agp0@pci0:0:0: class=0x060000 card=0x1a308086 chip=0x1a308086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to I/O Bridge' class = bridge subclass = HOST-PCI pcib1@pci0:1:0: class=0x060400 card=0x00000000 chip=0x1a318086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x01 vendor = 'Intel Corporation' device = '82845/E/MP/MZ Brookdale CPU to AGP Bridge' class = bridge subclass = PCI-PCI ... drm0@pci1:0:0: class=0x030000 card=0x54461002 chip=0x50461002 rev=0x00 hdr=0x00 vendor = 'ATI Technologies Inc' device = 'Rage 128 PF/Pro AGP 4x (TMDS)' class = display subclass = VGA xl0@pci2:2:0: class=0x020000 card=0x100010b7 chip=0x920010b7 rev=0x30 hdr=0x00 vendor = '3COM Corp, Networking Division' device = '3C905C-TX Fast EtherLink for PC Management NIC' class = network subclass = ethernet |
#grep -i intel /boot/defaults/loader.conf
if_dc_load="NO" # DEC/Intel 21143 and various workalikes if_em_load="NO" # Intel(R) PRO/1000 Gigabit Ethernet if_ex_load="NO" # Intel EtherExpress Pro/10 Ethernet if_fxp_load="NO" # Intel EtherExpress PRO/100B (82557, 82558) if_ie_load="NO" # Intel 82586 if_ipw_load="NO" # Intel PRO/Wireless 2100 wireless if_iwi_load="NO" # Intel PRO/Wireless 2200BG/2225BG/2915ABG wireless if_ixgb_load="NO" # Intel PRO/10Gb Ethernet snd_ich_load="NO" # Intel ICH |
#kldload snd_ich
|
#dmesg
Copyright (c) 1992-2006 The FreeBSD Project. Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation. FreeBSD 6.2-RC1 #0: Thu Nov 16 05:12:08 UTC 2006 root@opus.cse.buffalo.edu:/usr/obj/usr/src/sys/SMP Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0 CPU: Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 1.70GHz (1699.95-MHz 686-class CPU) Origin = "GenuineIntel" Id = 0xf13 Stepping = 3 Features=0x3febfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,DTS,ACPI,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,SS,HTT,TM> ... Timecounter "TSC" frequency 1699953336 Hz quality 800 Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec ad0: 29325MB <Maxtor 6E030L0 NAR61590> at ata0-master UDMA100 acd0: DVDROM <NEC DV-5800B/G9H3> at ata1-master UDMA33 Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ad0s1a drm0: <ATI Rage 128 Pro PF (AGP)> port 0x9000-0x90ff mem 0xe4000000-0xe7ffffff,0xe9000000-0xe9003fff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1 info: [drm] AGP at 0xe0000000 64MB info: [drm] Initialized r128 2.5.0 20030725 pcm0: <Intel ICH2 (82801BA)> port 0xbc00-0xbcff,0xc000-0xc03f irq 17 at device 31.5 on pci0 pcm0: <Realtek ALC100 AC97 Codec> |
#cat /dev/sndstat
FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm) Installed devices: pcm0: <Intel ICH2 (82801BA)> at io 0xbc00, 0xc000 irq 17 bufsz 16384 kld snd_ich (1p/1r/0v channels duplex default) |
#cat Track\ 01.mp3 > /dev/dsp
![]() ^C^C^C^C ^C^D |
#cat Track\ 01.mp3 > /dev/dsp
![]() ^C^C^C^C ^C^D |
#cat Track\ 01.mp3 > /dev/dsp
![]() ^C^C^C^C ^C^D |
#cat Track\ 01.mp3 > /dev/dsp
![]() ^C^C^C^C ^C^D |
#cat Track\ 01.mp3 > /dev/dsp
![]() ^C^C^C^C ^C^D |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/mpg
![]() mpg123/ mpg123.el/ mpg321/ |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/mpg123
![]() |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/
![]() Display all 694 possibilities? (y or n) |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/mpg
![]() mpg123/ mpg123.el/ mpg321/ |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/mpg123
![]() |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/
![]() Display all 694 possibilities? (y or n) |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/mpg
![]() mpg123/ mpg123.el/ mpg321/ |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/mpg123
![]() |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/
![]() Display all 694 possibilities? (y or n) |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/mpg
![]() mpg123/ mpg123.el/ mpg321/ |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/mpg123
![]() |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/
![]() Display all 694 possibilities? (y or n) |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/mpg
![]() mpg123/ mpg123.el/ mpg321/ |
#cd /usr/ports/audio/mpg123
|
#make install
![]() ===> Vulnerability check disabled, database not found If you want to compile with NAS support, hit Ctrl-C right now and use "make WITH_NAS=yes" If you want to enable ID3 tags charset recoding, hit Ctrl-C and use "make WITH_ICONV=yes"; you can also specify DEFAULT_RECODE in 'from:to' format => mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist in /usr/ports/distfiles/. => Attempting to fetch from http://www.mpg123.de/mpg123/. fetch: http://www.mpg123.de/mpg123/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Attempting to fetch from http://www-ti.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/~hippm/mpg123/. fetch: http://www-ti.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/~hippm/mpg123/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Attempting to fetch from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/. fetch: ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Couldn't fetch it - please try to retrieve this => port manually into /usr/ports/distfiles/ and try again. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/ports/audio/mpg123. |
#make install
![]() ===> Vulnerability check disabled, database not found If you want to compile with NAS support, hit Ctrl-C right now and use "make WITH_NAS=yes" If you want to enable ID3 tags charset recoding, hit Ctrl-C and use "make WITH_ICONV=yes"; you can also specify DEFAULT_RECODE in 'from:to' format => mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist in /usr/ports/distfiles/. => Attempting to fetch from http://www.mpg123.de/mpg123/. fetch: http://www.mpg123.de/mpg123/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Attempting to fetch from http://www-ti.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/~hippm/mpg123/. fetch: http://www-ti.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/~hippm/mpg123/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Attempting to fetch from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/. fetch: ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Couldn't fetch it - please try to retrieve this => port manually into /usr/ports/distfiles/ and try again. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/ports/audio/mpg123. |
#make install
![]() ===> Vulnerability check disabled, database not found If you want to compile with NAS support, hit Ctrl-C right now and use "make WITH_NAS=yes" If you want to enable ID3 tags charset recoding, hit Ctrl-C and use "make WITH_ICONV=yes"; you can also specify DEFAULT_RECODE in 'from:to' format => mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist in /usr/ports/distfiles/. => Attempting to fetch from http://www.mpg123.de/mpg123/. fetch: http://www.mpg123.de/mpg123/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Attempting to fetch from http://www-ti.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/~hippm/mpg123/. fetch: http://www-ti.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/~hippm/mpg123/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Attempting to fetch from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/. fetch: ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Couldn't fetch it - please try to retrieve this => port manually into /usr/ports/distfiles/ and try again. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/ports/audio/mpg123. |
#make install
![]() ===> Vulnerability check disabled, database not found If you want to compile with NAS support, hit Ctrl-C right now and use "make WITH_NAS=yes" If you want to enable ID3 tags charset recoding, hit Ctrl-C and use "make WITH_ICONV=yes"; you can also specify DEFAULT_RECODE in 'from:to' format => mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist in /usr/ports/distfiles/. => Attempting to fetch from http://www.mpg123.de/mpg123/. fetch: http://www.mpg123.de/mpg123/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Attempting to fetch from http://www-ti.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/~hippm/mpg123/. fetch: http://www-ti.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/~hippm/mpg123/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Attempting to fetch from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/. fetch: ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Couldn't fetch it - please try to retrieve this => port manually into /usr/ports/distfiles/ and try again. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/ports/audio/mpg123. |
#make install
![]() ===> Vulnerability check disabled, database not found If you want to compile with NAS support, hit Ctrl-C right now and use "make WITH_NAS=yes" If you want to enable ID3 tags charset recoding, hit Ctrl-C and use "make WITH_ICONV=yes"; you can also specify DEFAULT_RECODE in 'from:to' format => mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz doesn't seem to exist in /usr/ports/distfiles/. => Attempting to fetch from http://www.mpg123.de/mpg123/. fetch: http://www.mpg123.de/mpg123/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Attempting to fetch from http://www-ti.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/~hippm/mpg123/. fetch: http://www-ti.informatik.uni-tuebingen.de/~hippm/mpg123/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Attempting to fetch from ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/. fetch: ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/mpg123-0.59r-pl1.tar.gz: No route to host => Couldn't fetch it - please try to retrieve this => port manually into /usr/ports/distfiles/ and try again. *** Error code 1 Stop in /usr/ports/audio/mpg123. |
#w
![]() 11:04 up 25 mins, 3 users, load averages: 0,00 0,03 0,05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE WHAT root p0 192.168.15.15 10:50 - script -t 0 -q /root/. user p2 :0.0 10:53 10 script -t 0 -q /home/u user p5 :0.0 10:55 7 script -t 0 -q /home/u |
#w
![]() 11:04 up 25 mins, 3 users, load averages: 0,00 0,03 0,05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE WHAT root p0 192.168.15.15 10:50 - script -t 0 -q /root/. user p2 :0.0 10:53 10 script -t 0 -q /home/u user p5 :0.0 10:55 7 script -t 0 -q /home/u |
#w
![]() 11:04 up 25 mins, 3 users, load averages: 0,00 0,03 0,05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE WHAT root p0 192.168.15.15 10:50 - script -t 0 -q /root/. user p2 :0.0 10:53 10 script -t 0 -q /home/u user p5 :0.0 10:55 7 script -t 0 -q /home/u |
#w
![]() 11:04 up 25 mins, 3 users, load averages: 0,00 0,03 0,05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE WHAT root p0 192.168.15.15 10:50 - script -t 0 -q /root/. user p2 :0.0 10:53 10 script -t 0 -q /home/u user p5 :0.0 10:55 7 script -t 0 -q /home/u |
#w
![]() 11:04 up 25 mins, 3 users, load averages: 0,00 0,03 0,05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE WHAT root p0 192.168.15.15 10:50 - script -t 0 -q /root/. user p2 :0.0 10:53 10 script -t 0 -q /home/u user p5 :0.0 10:55 7 script -t 0 -q /home/u |
#w
![]() 11:04 up 25 mins, 3 users, load averages: 0,00 0,03 0,05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE WHAT root p0 192.168.15.15 10:50 - script -t 0 -q /root/. user p2 :0.0 10:53 10 script -t 0 -q /home/u user p5 :0.0 10:55 7 script -t 0 -q /home/u |
#w
![]() 11:04 up 25 mins, 3 users, load averages: 0,00 0,03 0,05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE WHAT root p0 192.168.15.15 10:50 - script -t 0 -q /root/. user p2 :0.0 10:53 10 script -t 0 -q /home/u user p5 :0.0 10:55 7 script -t 0 -q /home/u |
#w
![]() 11:04 up 25 mins, 3 users, load averages: 0,00 0,03 0,05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE WHAT root p0 192.168.15.15 10:50 - script -t 0 -q /root/. user p2 :0.0 10:53 10 script -t 0 -q /home/u user p5 :0.0 10:55 7 script -t 0 -q /home/u |
#w
![]() 11:04 up 25 mins, 3 users, load averages: 0,00 0,03 0,05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE WHAT root p0 192.168.15.15 10:50 - script -t 0 -q /root/. user p2 :0.0 10:53 10 script -t 0 -q /home/u user p5 :0.0 10:55 7 script -t 0 -q /home/u |
#w
11:04 up 25 mins, 3 users, load averages: 0,00 0,03 0,05 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE WHAT root p0 192.168.15.15 10:50 - script -t 0 -q /root/. user p2 :0.0 10:53 10 script -t 0 -q /home/u user p5 :0.0 10:55 7 script -t 0 -q /home/u |
#cd /usr/ports
|
FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm) Installed devices: pcm0: <Intel ICH2 (82801BA)> at io 0xbc00, 0xc000 irq 17 bufsz 16384 kld snd_ich (1p/1r/0v channels duplex default)
Время первой команды журнала | 00:12:38 2006-12- 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 12:54:14 2006-12- 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 14.85 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 2.97 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.37 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 4.56 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
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В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008