Журнал лабораторных работ

Содержание

Журнал

Понедельник (10/17/11)

/dev/tty3
11:31:07
#history
    1  useradd andr
    2  passwd andr
    3  cd/tmp
    4  wget http://xgu.ru/lilalo/install
    5  vim install
    6  nano install
    7  nano install
    8  bash install
    9  nano /root/.bashrc
   10  nano /home/user/.bashrc
   11  . ~/.bashrc
   12  history
11:39:46
#apt-get install build-essential
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  binutils dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-4.4 gcc gcc-4.4 libalgorithm-diff-perl libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libdpkg-perl libstdc++6-4.4-dev linux-libc-dev make manpages-dev patch
Suggested packages:
  binutils-doc debian-keyring g++-multilib g++-4.4-multilib gcc-4.4-doc libstdc++6-4.4-dbg gcc-multilib autoconf automake1.9 libtool flex bison gdb gcc-doc gcc-4.4-multilib libmudflap0-4.4-dev gcc-4.4-locales libgcc1-dbg libgomp1-dbg
  libmudflap0-dbg libcloog-ppl0 libppl-c2 libppl7 glibc-doc libstdc++6-4.4-doc make-doc ed diffutils-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  binutils build-essential dpkg-dev fakeroot g++ g++-4.4 gcc gcc-4.4 libalgorithm-diff-perl libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libdpkg-perl libstdc++6-4.4-dev linux-libc-dev make manpages-dev patch
...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/fakeroot-sysv to provide /usr/bin/fakeroot (fakeroot) in auto mode.
Setting up libalgorithm-diff-perl (1.19.02-2) ...
Setting up libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl (0.04-1) ...
Setting up libalgorithm-merge-perl (0.08-2) ...
Setting up manpages-dev (3.27-1) ...
Setting up libstdc++6-4.4-dev (4.4.5-8) ...
Setting up g++-4.4 (4.4.5-8) ...
Setting up g++ (4:4.4.5-1) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/g++ to provide /usr/bin/c++ (c++) in auto mode.
Setting up build-essential (11.5) ...
11:40:06
#cd /tmp

11:40:09
#wget http://xgu.ru/lilalo/install
--2011-10-17 12:40:16--  http://xgu.ru/lilalo/install
Resolving xgu.ru... 91.205.16.235
Connecting to xgu.ru|91.205.16.235|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 5285 (5.2K) [text/plain]
Saving to: “install”
100%[======================================================================================================================================================================================================>] 5,285       --.-K/s   in 0.001s
2011-10-17 12:40:16 (3.76 MB/s) - “install” saved [5285/5285]
прошло 85 минут
/dev/pts/1
13:06:00
#logout
bash: logout: not login shell: use `exit'
/dev/tty3
13:10:34
#apt-cache search asterisk
asterisk-mobile - bluetooth mobile devices support for Asterisk
asterisk-mp3 - MP3 format support (format_mp3) for the Asterisk PBX
asterisk-mysql - MySQL support for the Asterisk PBX (cdr mainly)
asterisk-ooh323c - H.323 protocol support for Asterisk (ooh323c stack)
asterisk-chan-capi - Common ISDN API 2.0 implementation for Asterisk
asterisk-core-sounds-en-g722 - asterisk PBX sound files - English/g722
asterisk-core-sounds-en-gsm - asterisk PBX sound files - English/gsm
asterisk-core-sounds-en-wav - asterisk PBX sound files - English/wav
asterisk-core-sounds-es-g722 - asterisk PBX sound files - Spanish/g722
asterisk-core-sounds-es-gsm - asterisk PBX sound files - Spanish/gsm
...
dahdi-source - DAHDI telephony interface - source code for kernel driver
dahdi - utilities for using the DAHDI kernel modules
iaxmodem - software modem with IAX2 connectivity
libasterisk-agi-perl - Collections of Perl modules to be used with Asterisk PBX AGI
libnetsds-perl - Service Delivery Suite framework
op-panel - switchboard type application for the Asterisk PBX
libopenr2-3 - MFC/R2 (telephony) call setup library
python-asterisk - Asterisk Manager API interface module for Python
asterisk-prompt-es - Spanish prompts for the Asterisk PBX
dahdi-firmware-nonfree - DAHDI non-free firmware
13:18:25
#atp-get install asterisk asterisk-config asterisk-sounds-main asterisk-sounds-extra
bash: atp-get: command not found
13:24:05
#apt-get install asterisk asterisk-config asterisk-sounds-main asterisk-sounds-extra
Package configuration
  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ Configuring libvpb0 ├─────────────────â”
  │ This is the numeric code for the region your phone system will be operating in (eg. 61 for Australia or 33 for France).  It is used to configure the default regional standards that Voicetronix telephony hardware should comply with.  │
  │                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          │
  │ ITU-T telephone code:                                                                                                                                                                                                                    │
  │                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          │
  â”3801______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ │
  │                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          │
  │                                                                                                                  <Ok>                                                                                                                    │
  │                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          │
...
Setting up unixodbc (2.2.14p2-1) ...
Setting up asterisk (1:1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3) ...
Adding system user for Asterisk
Adding user `asterisk' to group `dialout' ...
Adding user asterisk to group dialout
Done.
Adding user `asterisk' to group `audio' ...
Adding user asterisk to group audio
Done.
Starting Asterisk PBX: asterisk.
13:25:04
#/etc/init.d/asterisk start
Asterisk PBX is already running. Use restart.
прошло 20 минут
13:45:15
#asterisk -rvv
Asterisk 1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2010 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/asterisk.conf':   == Found
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/extconfig.conf':   == Found
Connected to Asterisk 1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3 currently running on linux5 (pid = 11784)
...
ss7          stun         timing       transcoder   udptl        ulimit       unistim      voicemail
linux5*CLI> sip show p
peers  peer
linux5*CLI> sip show peers
Name/username              Host            Dyn Nat ACL Port     Status
0 sip peers [Monitored: 0 online, 0 offline Unmonitored: 0 online, 0 offline]
linux5*CLI> sip reload
 Reloading SIP
linux5*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
13:51:59
#nano /etc/networkinterfases
прошло 17 минут
14:09:35
#nano /etc/network/interfaces
--- /tmp/l3-saved-7412.15954.13240	2011-10-17 15:10:17.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/network/interfaces	2011-10-17 15:13:31.000000000 +0300
@@ -8,11 +8,12 @@
 # The primary network interface
 allow-hotplug eth0
 iface eth0 inet static
-	address 192.168.15.23
+	address 192.168.30.1
 	netmask 255.255.255.0
-	network 192.168.15.0
-	broadcast 192.168.15.255
-	gateway 192.168.15.253
+	network 192.168.30.0
+	broadcast 192.168.30.255
+	gateway 192.168.30.254
 	# dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
-	dns-nameservers 192.168.15.253
+	dns-nameservers 192.168.30.254
 	dns-search linux5.unix.nt
+
прошло 15 минут
14:25:18
#ifup etho
Ignoring unknown interface etho=etho.
14:25:53
#ifup eth0
ifup: interface eth0 already configured
14:25:59
#ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 2c:27:d7:46:19:88
          inet addr:192.168.15.23  Bcast:192.168.15.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::2e27:d7ff:fe46:1988/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:584847 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:283020 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:825798883 (787.5 MiB)  TX bytes:20149322 (19.2 MiB)
          Interrupt:20 Memory:fe500000-fe520000
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:2 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:2 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:190 (190.0 B)  TX bytes:190 (190.0 B)
14:26:20
#ifdown eth0
SIOCDELRT: No such process
14:26:28
#ifup eth0

14:26:30
#ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 2c:27:d7:46:19:88
          inet addr:192.168.30.1  Bcast:192.168.30.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::2e27:d7ff:fe46:1988/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:584865 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:283049 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:825803126 (787.5 MiB)  TX bytes:20153021 (19.2 MiB)
          Interrupt:20 Memory:fe500000-fe520000
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:3 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:3 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:270 (270.0 B)  TX bytes:270 (270.0 B)
14:26:31
#route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
default         gw3.unix.nt     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
192.168.30.0    *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0
14:26:55
#ping ya.ru
PING ya.ru (87.250.250.203) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=1 ttl=57 time=25.2 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=2 ttl=57 time=22.9 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=3 ttl=57 time=22.6 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=4 ttl=57 time=22.4 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=5 ttl=57 time=22.4 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=6 ttl=57 time=22.4 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=7 ttl=57 time=22.4 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=8 ttl=57 time=22.7 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=9 ttl=57 time=22.3 ms
...
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=16 ttl=57 time=22.2 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=17 ttl=57 time=22.5 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=18 ttl=57 time=22.8 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=19 ttl=57 time=22.7 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=20 ttl=57 time=22.6 ms
64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.203): icmp_req=21 ttl=57 time=22.8 ms
^C
--- ya.ru ping statistics ---
21 packets transmitted, 21 received, 0% packet loss, time 20026ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 22.130/22.701/25.286/0.649 ms
прошло 26 минут
14:53:21
#apt-get install dhcp3-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  isc-dhcp-client isc-dhcp-common isc-dhcp-server
Suggested packages:
  resolvconf avahi-autoipd isc-dhcp-server-ldap
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  dhcp3-server isc-dhcp-server
The following packages will be upgraded:
...
Unpacking dhcp3-server (from .../dhcp3-server_4.1.1-P1-15+squeeze3_all.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Setting up isc-dhcp-common (4.1.1-P1-15+squeeze3) ...
Setting up isc-dhcp-client (4.1.1-P1-15+squeeze3) ...
Setting up isc-dhcp-server (4.1.1-P1-15+squeeze3) ...
Generating /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server...
Starting ISC DHCP server: dhcpdcheck syslog for diagnostics. ... failed!
 failed!
invoke-rc.d: initscript isc-dhcp-server, action "start" failed.
Setting up dhcp3-server (4.1.1-P1-15+squeeze3) ...
/dev/tty4
14:58:38
#ssh user@192.168.15.252
# No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the
# DHCP server to understand the network topology.
#subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
#}
# This is a very basic subnet declaration.
#subnet 10.254.239.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
#  range 10.254.239.10 10.254.239.20;
#  option routers rtr-239-0-1.example.org, rtr-239-0-2.example.org;
#}
# This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses,
...
#  }
#  pool {
#    allow members of "foo";
#    range 10.17.224.10 10.17.224.250;
#  }
#  pool {
#    deny members of "foo";
#    range 10.0.29.10 10.0.29.230;
#  }
#}
/dev/tty3
15:03:24
#nano /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-7412.10591.17129	2011-10-17 16:05:41.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf	2011-10-17 16:12:16.000000000 +0300
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@
 ddns-update-style none;
 
 # option definitions common to all supported networks...
-option domain-name "example.org";
-option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
+option domain-name "unix.nt";
+option domain-name-servers 10.0.35.1
 
 default-lease-time 600;
 max-lease-time 7200;
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
 
 # This is a very basic subnet declaration.
 
-#subnet 10.254.239.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
-#  range 10.254.239.10 10.254.239.20;
+subnet 192.168.30.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
+  range 192.168.30.200 192.168.30.250;}
 #  option routers rtr-239-0-1.example.org, rtr-239-0-2.example.org;
 #}
 
прошло 10 минут
15:14:00
#/etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server start
dhcpd self-test failed. Please fix the config file.
The error was:
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Server 4.1.1-P1
Copyright 2004-2010 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf line 16: semicolon expected.
default-lease-time
 ^
Configuration file errors encountered -- exiting
15:16:56
#/etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server status
Status of ISC DHCP server: dhcpd is running.
прошло 12 минут
15:29:29
#cat /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases
# The format of this file is documented in the dhcpd.leases(5) manual page.
# This lease file was written by isc-dhcp-4.1.1-P1
server-duid "\000\001\000\001\026.\347F,'\327F\031\210";
lease 192.168.30.200 {
  starts 1 2011/10/17 13:28:19;
  ends 1 2011/10/17 13:38:19;
  cltt 1 2011/10/17 13:28:19;
  binding state active;
  next binding state free;
  hardware ethernet 00:19:56:fd:71:26;
...
lease 192.168.30.201 {
  starts 1 2011/10/17 13:30:29;
  ends 1 2011/10/17 13:40:29;
  cltt 1 2011/10/17 13:30:29;
  binding state active;
  next binding state free;
  hardware ethernet 00:1d:09:d2:91:d1;
  uid "\001\000\035\011\322\221\321";
  client-hostname "itt_puchek";
}
15:30:33
#ping 192.168.30.201
PING 192.168.30.201 (192.168.30.201) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=191 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=192 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=193 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=194 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=195 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=196 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=197 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=198 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=199 Destination Host Unreachable
...
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=206 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=207 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=208 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=209 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=210 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.30.1 icmp_seq=211 Destination Host Unreachable
^C
--- 192.168.30.201 ping statistics ---
213 packets transmitted, 0 received, +21 errors, 100% packet loss, time 213639ms
pipe 3
15:36:57
#ping 192.168.30.201
PING 192.168.30.201 (192.168.30.201) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.30.201: icmp_req=1 ttl=128 time=0.261 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.30.201: icmp_req=2 ttl=128 time=0.314 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.30.201: icmp_req=3 ttl=128 time=0.316 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.30.201: icmp_req=4 ttl=128 time=0.301 ms
^C
--- 192.168.30.201 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.261/0.298/0.316/0.022 ms
прошло 14 минут
15:51:54
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed
.aptitude/         .asterisk_history  .bash_history      .bash_profile      .bashrc            install            .l3rc              .lilalo/           .profile           .ssh/
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed
.aptitude/         .asterisk_history  .bash_history      .bash_profile      .bashrc            install            .l3rc              .lilalo/           .profile           .ssh/
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed
.aptitude/         .asterisk_history  .bash_history      .bash_profile      .bashrc            install            .l3rc              .lilalo/           .profile           .ssh/
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed
.aptitude/         .asterisk_history  .bash_history      .bash_profile      .bashrc            install            .l3rc              .lilalo/           .profile           .ssh/
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed
.aptitude/         .asterisk_history  .bash_history      .bash_profile      .bashrc            install            .l3rc              .lilalo/           .profile           .ssh/
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed
.aptitude/         .asterisk_history  .bash_history      .bash_profile      .bashrc            install            .l3rc              .lilalo/           .profile           .ssh/
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed
.aptitude/         .asterisk_history  .bash_history      .bash_profile      .bashrc            install            .l3rc              .lilalo/           .profile           .ssh/
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed
.aptitude/         .asterisk_history  .bash_history      .bash_profile      .bashrc            install            .l3rc              .lilalo/           .profile           .ssh/
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed
.aptitude/         .asterisk_history  .bash_history      .bash_profile      .bashrc            install            .l3rc              .lilalo/           .profile           .ssh/
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed
.aptitude/         .asterisk_history  .bash_history      .bash_profile      .bashrc            install            .l3rc              .lilalo/           .profile           .ssh/
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed
.aptitude/         .asterisk_history  .bash_history      .bash_profile      .bashrc            install            .l3rc              .lilalo/           .profile           .ssh/
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed
.aptitude/         .asterisk_history  .bash_history      .bash_profile      .bashrc            install            .l3rc              .lilalo/           .profile           .ssh/
15:56:56
#nano /etc/asterisk/cip.conf | sed 's/;.*//' | expand | greg -xv ' *' |less
16:02:11
#cat /etc/asterisk/cip.conf.SAVED | sed 's/;.*//' | expand | greg -xv ' *' > /etc/asterisk/sip.conf
bash: greg: command not found
cat: /etc/asterisk/cip.conf.SAVED: No such file or directory
16:04:42
#cat /etc/asterisk/sip.conf.SAVED | sed 's/;.*//' | expand | greg -xv ' *' > /etc/asterisk/sip.conf
bash: greg: command not found
16:05:12
#cat /etc/asterisk/sip.conf.SAVED | sed 's/;.*//' | expand | grep -xv ' *' > /etc/asterisk/sip.conf

16:05:18
#cat /etc/asterisk/sip.conf.SAVED | sed 's/;.*//' | expand | grep -xv ' *' | head -7 > /etc/asterisk/sip.conf

16:06:07
#cat /etc/asterisk/sip.conf

16:06:17
#cat /etc/asterisk/sip.conf

прошло 16 минут
16:22:42
#[general]
Asterisk 1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2010 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/asterisk.conf':   == Found
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/extconfig.conf':   == Found
Connected to Asterisk 1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3 currently running on linux5 (pid = 11784)
Verbosity is at least 2
linux5*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
прошло 23 минуты
16:46:01
#mv /etc/asterisk/extentions.conf /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf.SAVED
mv: cannot stat `/etc/asterisk/extentions.conf': No such file or directory
16:48:22
#mv /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf.SAVED

16:55:43
#[default]

17:04:19
#nano /etc/asterisk/extentions.conf
17:05:38
#[default]

17:06:21
#mv /etc/asterisk/extentions.conf /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf

17:14:45
#nano /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-7412.29575.14940	2011-10-17 18:14:52.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf	2011-10-17 18:18:53.000000000 +0300
@@ -2,3 +2,4 @@
 exten => 1399,1,Playback(demo-thanks)
 exten => 1399,n,Playback(demo-thanks)
 exten => 1399,n,Playback(demo-thanks)
+exten => _140X,1,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN})
17:24:32
#nano /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-7412.10221.22781	2011-10-17 18:24:34.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf	2011-10-17 18:24:50.000000000 +0300
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 exten => 1399,1,Playback(demo-thanks)
 exten => 1399,n,Playback(demo-thanks)
 exten => 1399,n,Playback(demo-thanks)
-exten => _140X,1,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN})
+exten => _130X,1,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN})

Вторник (10/18/11)

/dev/tty2
08:22:41
#ssh user@192.168.15.252
@    WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!     @
@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY!
Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)!
It is also possible that a host key has just been changed.
The fingerprint for the RSA key sent by the remote host is
23:4b:a2:99:88:79:fc:35:b7:62:e8:6b:0d:d0:e1:4b.
Please contact your system administrator.
Add correct host key in /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message.
Offending RSA key in /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts:40
...
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.10.1' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.10.1's password:
Linux linux1 2.6.39-bpo.2-686-pae #1 SMP Thu Aug 4 11:02:22 UTC 2011 i686
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Mon Oct 17 12:51:28 2011 from 10.0.35.1
l3-agent is already running: pid=2179; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
прошло 17 минут
/dev/tty3
08:39:44
#ifup eth0

прошла 41 минута
/dev/pts/3
09:21:12
#asterisk -rvvvvv
Asterisk 1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2010 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/asterisk.conf':   == Found
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/extconfig.conf':   == Found
Connected to Asterisk 1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3 currently running on linux5 (pid = 1161)
...
  == Using SIP RTP CoS mark 5
    -- Executing [1301@default:1] Dial("SIP/1302-0000000a", "SIP/1301") in new stack
  == Using SIP RTP CoS mark 5
    -- Called 1301
    -- SIP/1301-0000000b is ringing
    -- SIP/1301-0000000b answered SIP/1302-0000000a
    -- Native bridging SIP/1302-0000000a and SIP/1301-0000000b
  == Spawn extension (default, 1301, 1) exited non-zero on 'SIP/1302-0000000a'
linux5*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
прошло 65 минут
/dev/pts/3
10:26:38
#asterisk -rvvvvv
Asterisk 1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2010 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/asterisk.conf':   == Found
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/extconfig.conf':   == Found
Connected to Asterisk 1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3 currently running on linux5 (pid = 1161)
Verbosity is at least 5
linux5*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
прошла 61 минута
11:27:48
#asterisk -rvvvvv
Asterisk 1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2010 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/asterisk.conf':   == Found
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/extconfig.conf':   == Found
Connected to Asterisk 1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3 currently running on linux5 (pid = 1161)
...
  == Using SIP RTP CoS mark 5
[Oct 18 12:36:05] NOTICE[1184]: chan_sip.c:20276 handle_request_invite: Call from 'mn' to extension '1101' rejected because extension not found in context 'default'.
  == Using SIP RTP CoS mark 5
[Oct 18 12:36:18] NOTICE[1184]: chan_sip.c:20276 handle_request_invite: Call from 'mn' to extension '3101' rejected because extension not found in context 'default'.
  == Using SIP RTP CoS mark 5
[Oct 18 12:36:47] NOTICE[1184]: chan_sip.c:20276 handle_request_invite: Call from '1301' to extension '21' rejected because extension not found in context 'default'.
  == Using SIP RTP CoS mark 5
[Oct 18 12:36:58] NOTICE[1184]: chan_sip.c:20276 handle_request_invite: Call from '1301' to extension '1201' rejected because extension not found in context 'default'.
linux5*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
прошло 103 минуты
13:11:10
#apt-get install sendmail sendmail-bin sensible-mda
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  m4 procmail sendmail-base sendmail-cf
Suggested packages:
  sendmail-doc rmail logcheck resolvconf sasl2-bin
Recommended packages:
  default-mta mail-transport-agent fetchmail
The following NEW packages will be installed:
...
Updating /etc/mail/access...
Linking /etc/aliases to /etc/mail/aliases
Updating /etc/mail/aliases...
/etc/mail/aliases: 4 aliases, longest 10 bytes, 66 bytes total
Warning: 3 database(s) sources
        were not found, (but were created)
        please investigate.
Starting Mail Transport Agent (MTA): sendmail.
Setting up sensible-mda (8.14.3-9.4) ...
Setting up sendmail (8.14.3-9.4) ...
прошло 12 минут
/dev/pts/6
13:23:25
#vim /etc/mail/sendmail.mc
13:23:30
#apt-get install vim
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  vim-runtime
Suggested packages:
  ctags vim-doc vim-scripts
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  vim vim-runtime
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 14 not upgraded.
...
Setting up vim-runtime (2:7.2.445+hg~cb94c42c0e1a-1) ...
Processing /usr/share/vim/addons/doc
Setting up vim (2:7.2.445+hg~cb94c42c0e1a-1) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vim (vim) in auto mode.
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vimdiff (vimdiff) in auto mode.
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/rvim (rvim) in auto mode.
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/rview (rview) in auto mode.
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/vi (vi) in auto mode.
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/view (view) in auto mode.
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.basic to provide /usr/bin/ex (ex) in auto mode.
13:23:50
#MAILER(`smtp')dnl
(Reading database ... 111106 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing sendmail ...
13:23:53
#dpkg -P sendmail-bin
dpkg: dependency problems prevent removal of sendmail-bin:
 sensible-mda depends on sendmail-bin | mail-transport-agent; however:
  Package sendmail-bin is to be removed.
  Package mail-transport-agent is not installed.
  Package sendmail-bin which provides mail-transport-agent is to be removed.
 sensible-mda depends on sendmail-bin | mail-transport-agent; however:
  Package sendmail-bin is to be removed.
  Package mail-transport-agent is not installed.
  Package sendmail-bin which provides mail-transport-agent is to be removed.
dpkg: error processing sendmail-bin (--purge):
 dependency problems - not removing
Errors were encountered while processing:
 sendmail-bin
13:23:57
#dpkg -P sendmail-bin sensible-mds
dpkg: dependency problems prevent removal of sendmail-bin:
 sensible-mda depends on sendmail-bin | mail-transport-agent; however:
  Package sendmail-bin is to be removed.
  Package mail-transport-agent is not installed.
  Package sendmail-bin which provides mail-transport-agent is to be removed.
 sensible-mda depends on sendmail-bin | mail-transport-agent; however:
  Package sendmail-bin is to be removed.
  Package mail-transport-agent is not installed.
  Package sendmail-bin which provides mail-transport-agent is to be removed.
dpkg: error processing sendmail-bin (--purge):
 dependency problems - not removing
dpkg: warning: ignoring request to remove sensible-mds which isn't installed.
Errors were encountered while processing:
 sendmail-bin
13:24:04
#dpkg -P sendmail-bin sensible-mda
(Reading database ... 111100 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing sensible-mda ...
Purging configuration files for sensible-mda ...
Removing sendmail-bin ...
Purging configuration files for sendmail-bin ...
dpkg: warning: while removing sendmail-bin, directory '/usr/share/doc/sendmail' not empty so not removed.
dpkg: warning: while removing sendmail-bin, directory '/var/run/sendmail/mta' not empty so not removed.
dpkg: warning: while removing sendmail-bin, directory '/var/run/sendmail/stampdir' not empty so not removed.
dpkg: warning: while removing sendmail-bin, directory '/var/run/sendmail' not empty so not removed.
dpkg: warning: while removing sendmail-bin, directory '/var/lib/sendmail' not empty so not removed.
Processing triggers for man-db ...
13:24:07
#apt-get install sensible-mda sendmail-bin sendmail
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
  sendmail-doc rmail sasl2-bin
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  sendmail sendmail-bin sensible-mda
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 14 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/1,354 kB of archives.
After this operation, 2,552 kB of additional disk space will be used.
...
Creating /etc/mail/sendmail.cf...
Creating /etc/mail/submit.cf...
Informational: confCR_FILE file empty: /etc/mail/relay-domains
Informational: confCT_FILE file empty: /etc/mail/trusted-users
Updating /etc/mail/access...
Updating /etc/mail/aliases...
/etc/mail/aliases: 4 aliases, longest 10 bytes, 66 bytes total
Starting Mail Transport Agent (MTA): sendmail.
Setting up sensible-mda (8.14.3-9.4) ...
Setting up sendmail (8.14.3-9.4) ...
13:24:36
#MAILER(`smtp')dnl
linux5
13:24:39
#hostname -f
linux5.linux5.unix.nt
13:24:41
#vim /etc/hosts
/dev/pts/6
13:25:23
#vim /etc/hosts
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5427.1409.2255	2011-10-18 14:25:30.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/hosts	2011-10-18 14:25:46.000000000 +0300
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 127.0.0.1	localhost
-192.168.15.23	linux5.unix.nt	linux5
+192.168.30.1	linux3.unix.nt	linux3
 
 # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
 ::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
13:25:46
#cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1       localhost
192.168.30.1    linux3.unix.nt  linux3
# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
13:25:47
#vim /etc/mail/sendmail.mc
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5427.215.23737	2011-10-18 14:25:54.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/mail/sendmail.mc	2011-10-18 14:26:07.000000000 +0300
@@ -96,6 +96,11 @@
 dnl #
 include(`/etc/mail/m4/dialup.m4')dnl
 include(`/etc/mail/m4/provider.m4')dnl
+dnl # Masquerading options
+FEATURE(`always_add_domain')dnl
+MASQUERADE_AS(`linux9.unix.nt')dnl
+FEATURE(`allmasquerade')dnl
+FEATURE(`masquerade_envelope')dnl
 dnl #
 dnl # Default Mailer setup
 MAILER_DEFINITIONS
13:26:09
#cat /etc/hostname
linux5
13:26:27
#echo linux3 > /etc/hostname

13:26:37
#host 192.168.50.1
1.50.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer linux5.unix.nt.
13:27:55
#host linux5.unix.nt
linux5.unix.nt has address 192.168.50.1
linux5.unix.nt has address 192.168.105.1
/dev/pts/6
13:29:01
#host linux5.unix.nt
linux5.unix.nt has address 192.168.50.1
13:29:02
#vim /etc/mail/access
/dev/pts/6
13:34:21
#vim /etc/mail/sendmail.mc
/dev/pts/6
13:35:05
#vim /etc/mail/sendmail.mc
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5801.13931.13602	2011-10-18 14:35:06.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/mail/sendmail.mc	2011-10-18 14:35:17.000000000 +0300
@@ -96,6 +96,11 @@
 dnl #
 include(`/etc/mail/m4/dialup.m4')dnl
 include(`/etc/mail/m4/provider.m4')dnl
+dnl # Masquerading options
+FEATURE(`always_add_domain')dnl
+MASQUERADE_AS(`linux2.unix.nt')dnl
+FEATURE(`allmasquerade')dnl
+FEATURE(`masquerade_envelope')dnl
 dnl #
 dnl # Default Mailer setup
 MAILER_DEFINITIONS
/dev/pts/3
13:40:39
#divert(-1)dnl
#
# Mail aliases for sendmail
#
# You must run newaliases(1) after making changes to this file.
#
# Required aliases
postmaster:     root
MAILER-DAEMON:  postmaster
# Common aliases
abuse:          postmaster
spam:           postmaster
# Other aliases
[1]+  Stopped                 less /etc/aliases
13:44:44
#apt-get install qpopper
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  openbsd-inetd tcpd
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  openbsd-inetd qpopper tcpd
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 14 not upgraded.
Need to get 488 kB of archives.
After this operation, 909 kB of additional disk space will be used.
...
Selecting previously deselected package openbsd-inetd.
Unpacking openbsd-inetd (from .../openbsd-inetd_0.20080125-6_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package qpopper.
Unpacking qpopper (from .../qpopper_4.0.9.dfsg-1.2_i386.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Setting up tcpd (7.6.q-19) ...
Setting up openbsd-inetd (0.20080125-6) ...
Stopping internet superserver: inetd.
Not starting internet superserver: no services enabled.
Setting up qpopper (4.0.9.dfsg-1.2) ...
прошло 12 минут
13:57:35
#vim /etc/mail/access
13:57:51
#fg
#
# Blacklisted users
#
#Connect:rampellsoft.com 554 Email directly, not through didtheyreadit.com
reject@                 REJECT
#cyberpromo.com REJECT
#From:MAILER-DAEMON@store2.netvisao.pt REJECT
#
# Block invalid IPs
#
...
#
# Don't offer AUTH on local network
#SRV_Features:192.168.1 A
#
# Hosts with to allow relaying
#
#
# Hosts that validly forward to me
#GreetPause:<ip>                0
#ClientRate:<ip>                30
13:58:10
#fg
# Defaults
GreetPause:                             5000
ClientRate:                             10
ClientConn:                             10
#
# Don't offer AUTH on local network
#SRV_Features:192.168.1 A
#
# Hosts with to allow relaying
#
...
#cyberpromo.com REJECT
#From:MAILER-DAEMON@store2.netvisao.pt REJECT
#
# Block invalid IPs
#
#Connect:0      REJECT whilst invalid, this also blocks sendmail -bs -Am
Connect:169.254 REJECT
Connect:192.0.2 REJECT
Connect:224             REJECT
Connect:255             REJECT
13:58:35
#fg
#
# Mail aliases for sendmail
#
# You must run newaliases(1) after making changes to this file.
#
# Required aliases
postmaster:     root
MAILER-DAEMON:  postmaster
# Common aliases
abuse:          postmaster
...
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
13:58:42
#nano /etc/mail/access
--- /tmp/l3-saved-2408.15870.9880	2011-10-18 14:59:01.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/mail/access	2011-10-18 14:59:42.000000000 +0300
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
 #Connect:172.29			RELAY
 #Connect:172.30			RELAY
 #Connect:172.31			RELAY
-#Connect:192.168			RELAY
+Connect:192.168.30		RELAY
 #GreetPause:192.168		0
 #ClientRate:192.168		0
 #ClientConn:192.168		0
13:59:46
#/etc/mail/access
linux3
прошло 45 минут
/dev/pts/3
14:45:36
#nano /etc/hosts
14:45:49
#127.0.0.1 localhost

14:46:29
#This file describes the network interfaces available on your system

14:48:13
#nano /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-6432.29648.31467	2011-10-18 15:48:25.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf	2011-10-18 15:48:40.000000000 +0300
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 [default]
 
-;----------------
-;RESOURCES
-;----------------
+; ----------------
+; RESOURCES
+; ----------------
 
 [internal]
 
/dev/pts/6
14:51:39
#asterisk -rvvvvv
Asterisk 1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3, Copyright (C) 1999 - 2010 Digium, Inc. and others.
Created by Mark Spencer <markster@digium.com>
Asterisk comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; type 'core show warranty' for details.
This is free software, with components licensed under the GNU General Public
License version 2 and other licenses; you are welcome to redistribute it under
certain conditions. Type 'core show license' for details.
=========================================================================
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/asterisk.conf':   == Found
  == Parsing '/etc/asterisk/extconfig.conf':   == Found
Connected to Asterisk 1.6.2.9-2+squeeze3 currently running on linux3 (pid = 1161)
Verbosity is at least 5
linux3*CLI>
linux3*CLI>
  == Using SIP RTP CoS mark 5
[Oct 18 15:52:03] NOTICE[1184]: chan_sip.c:20276 handle_request_invite: Call from '1301' to extension '1401' rejected because extension not found in context 'default'.
linux3*CLI> quit
Executing last minute cleanups
14:52:08
#vim /etc/asterisk/sip.conf
--- /tmp/l3-saved-7017.17182.7735	2011-10-18 15:52:14.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/asterisk/sip.conf	2011-10-18 15:52:26.000000000 +0300
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-\[general]
+[general]
 context=default
 allowoverlap=no	
 udpbindaddr=0.0.0.0
/dev/pts/3
14:53:07
#/[general]

14:59:55
#{EXTEN},10)

Файлы

  • /etc/asterisk/sip.conf
  • /etc/hostname
  • /etc/hosts
  • /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases
  • /etc/asterisk/sip.conf
    >
    /etc/hostname
    >
    linux5
    
    /etc/hosts
    >
    127.0.0.1       localhost
    192.168.30.1    linux3.unix.nt  linux3
    # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
    ::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
    fe00::0 ip6-localnet
    ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
    ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
    ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
    
    /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases
    >
    # The format of this file is documented in the dhcpd.leases(5) manual page.
    # This lease file was written by isc-dhcp-4.1.1-P1
    server-duid "\000\001\000\001\026.\347F,'\327F\031\210";
    lease 192.168.30.200 {
      starts 1 2011/10/17 13:28:19;
      ends 1 2011/10/17 13:38:19;
      cltt 1 2011/10/17 13:28:19;
      binding state active;
      next binding state free;
      hardware ethernet 00:19:56:fd:71:26;
      uid "\001\000\031V\375q&";
      client-hostname "SEP001956FD7126";
    }
    lease 192.168.30.201 {
      starts 1 2011/10/17 13:30:27;
      ends 1 2011/10/17 13:40:27;
      cltt 1 2011/10/17 13:30:27;
      binding state active;
      next binding state free;
      hardware ethernet 00:1d:09:d2:91:d1;
      uid "\001\000\035\011\322\221\321";
      client-hostname "itt_puchek";
    }
    lease 192.168.30.201 {
      starts 1 2011/10/17 13:30:29;
      ends 1 2011/10/17 13:40:29;
      cltt 1 2011/10/17 13:30:29;
      binding state active;
      next binding state free;
      hardware ethernet 00:1d:09:d2:91:d1;
      uid "\001\000\035\011\322\221\321";
      client-hostname "itt_puchek";
    }
    

    Статистика

    Время первой команды журнала11:31:07 2011-10-17
    Время последней команды журнала14:59:55 2011-10-18
    Количество командных строк в журнале100
    Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, %26.00
    Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % 3.00
    Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час 5.79
    Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин 0.29
    Частота использования команд
    nano23|================| 16.55%
    sed17|============| 12.23%
    cat9|======| 6.47%
    vim9|======| 6.47%
    apt-get7|=====| 5.04%
    asterisk5|===| 3.60%
    '5|===| 3.60%
    expand5|===| 3.60%
    /etc/asterisk/sip.conf4|==| 2.88%
    ifup4|==| 2.88%
    dpkg3|==| 2.16%
    fg3|==| 2.16%
    host3|==| 2.16%
    mv3|==| 2.16%
    ping3|==| 2.16%
    greg3|==| 2.16%
    ifconfig2|=| 1.44%
    MAILER(`smtp')dnl2|=| 1.44%
    grep2|=| 1.44%
    /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server2|=| 1.44%
    [default]2|=| 1.44%
    ssh2|=| 1.44%
    /etc/hostname1|| 0.72%
    /etc/init.d/asterisk1|| 0.72%
    /[general]1|| 0.72%
    cd1|| 0.72%
    {EXTEN},10)1|| 0.72%
    /etc/mail/access1|| 0.72%
    echo1|| 0.72%
    atp-get1|| 0.72%
    127.0.0.11|| 0.72%
    wget1|| 0.72%
    route1|| 0.72%
    history1|| 0.72%
    head1|| 0.72%
    [general]1|| 0.72%
    ifdown1|| 0.72%
    logout1|| 0.72%
    less1|| 0.72%
    This1|| 0.72%
    hostname1|| 0.72%
    apt-cache1|| 0.72%
    divert(-1)dnl1|| 0.72%
    ____
    *) Интервалы неактивности длительностью 30 минут и более не учитываются

    Справка

    Для того чтобы использовать LiLaLo, не нужно знать ничего особенного: всё происходит само собой. Однако, чтобы ведение и последующее использование журналов было как можно более эффективным, желательно иметь в виду следующее:
    1. В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.

    2. Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.

    3. Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
      $ l s-l
      bash: l: command not found
      

    4. Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
      $ test 5 -lt 4
      Обратите внимание на то, что код завершения команды может быть отличен от нуля не только в тех случаях, когда команда была выполнена с ошибкой. Многие команды используют код завершения, например, для того чтобы показать результаты проверки

    5. Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
      $ find / -name abc
      find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung
      ^C
      

    6. Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
      # id
      uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root)
      

    7. Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
      $ vi ~/.bashrc
      2a3,5
      >    if [ -f /usr/local/etc/bash_completion ]; then
      >         . /usr/local/etc/bash_completion
      >        fi
      

    8. Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
      $ patch ~/.bashrc
      В данном случае изменения применяются к файлу ~/.bashrc

    9. Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.

      Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.

    10. Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.

    11. Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора

    12. Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.

    13. Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.

    14. Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:

      $ whoami
      
      user
      
      $ #^ Интересно, кто я?
      
      в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
      $ whoami
      
      user
      
      Интересно, кто я?

    15. Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:

      $ whoami
      
      user
      
      $ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
      
      Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым 
      мы зарегистрировались в системе.
      -
      Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении 
      в этом мире.
      
      В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
      $ whoami
      user
      
      Интересно, кто я?
      Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым
      мы зарегистрировались в системе.

      Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении
      в этом мире.
      Для разделения нескольких абзацев между собой используйте символ "-", один в строке.

    16. Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=

    17. Содержимое файла может быть показано в журнале. Для этого его нужно вывести с помощью программы cat. Если вывод команды отметить симоволами #!, содержимое файла будет показано в журнале в специально отведённой для этого секции.
    18. Для того чтобы вставить скриншот интересующего вас окна в журнал, нужно воспользоваться командой l3shot. После того как команда вызвана, нужно с помощью мыши выбрать окно, которое должно быть в журнале.
    19. Команды в журнале расположены в хронологическом порядке. Если две команды давались одна за другой, но на разных терминалах, в журнале они будут рядом, даже если они не имеют друг к другу никакого отношения.
      1
          2
      3   
          4
      
      Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.

    О программе

    LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
    Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
    (c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008

    $Id$