Журнал лабораторных работ

Содержание

Журнал

Среда (09/20/06)

/dev/pts/6
11:58:25
$DISPLAY=192.168.15.4 xclock
Error: Can't open display: 192.168.15.4
11:59:22
$DISPLAY=192.168.15.4:0clock
Error: Can't open display: 192.168.15.4:0
/dev/pts/7
12:00:31
#vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf
/dev/pts/1
12:02:27
$su -
Password:
su: Authentication failure
Извините.
12:02:40
$su -
Password:
su: Authentication failure
Извините.
12:02:52
$su -
Password:
l3-agent is already running: pid=4645; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
12:02:56
#vi /etc/X11/
12:02:56
#vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf
12:04:55
#vi /etc/X11/xserver/SecurityPolicy
12:05:15
#vi /etc/X11/Xwrapper.config
12:05:45
#vi /etc/X11/rstart/
12:06:07
#man xorg
12:06:58
#vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf
12:07:03
#netstat -lnp | grep 6000

12:07:13
#netstat -ln | grep 6000

12:07:16
#netstat | grep 6000

12:07:20
#netsta
bash: netsta: command not found
12:07:24
#netstat
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State
tcp        0      0 linux4.max.linux.:59453 205.188.8.177:5190      ESTABLISHED
tcp        0      0 linux4.max.linux.n:time linux2.linux.nt:33430   CLOSE_WAIT
tcp        0      0 linux4.max.linux.:44972 fbsd1.linux.nt:ssh      ESTABLISHED
tcp        0      0 linux4.max.linux.:43879 linux2.linux.nt:ssh     ESTABLISHED
tcp        0      0 linux4.max.linux.:44523 62.149.17.62:18030      TIME_WAIT
tcp        0      0 linux4.max.linux.:44524 62.149.17.62:18030      TIME_WAIT
Active UNIX domain sockets (w/o servers)
Proto RefCnt Flags       Type       State         I-Node Path
...
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     36288
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     36287
unix  4      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     36060    /tmp/.X11-unix/X0
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     36030
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    35507
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     34616    /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     34615
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     34585
unix  3      [ ]         STREAM     CONNECTED     34584
unix  2      [ ]         DGRAM                    34517
12:07:26
#netstat -ln | grep 6000

12:09:33
#exit

12:12:38
$echo $DISPLAY
:0.0
12:12:46
$xhost +192.168.15.2
192.168.15.2 being added to access control list
12:12:56
$ssh root@
@::1                    @ff02::3                @ip6-loopback
@backtown               @ip6-allhosts           @ip6-mcastprefix
@fe00::0                @ip6-allnodes           @localhost
@ff00::0                @ip6-allrouters         @localhost.localdomain
@ff02::1                @ip6-localhost
@ff02::2                @ip6-localnet
12:12:56
$ssh root@
@::1                    @ff02::3                @ip6-loopback
@backtown               @ip6-allhosts           @ip6-mcastprefix
@fe00::0                @ip6-allnodes           @localhost
@ff00::0                @ip6-allrouters         @localhost.localdomain
@ff02::1                @ip6-localhost
@ff02::2                @ip6-localnet
12:12:56
$ssh root@192.168.15.2
Password:
Last login: Wed Sep 20 12:11:33 2006 from 192.168.15.3
Linux linux2.linux.nt 2.4.27-speakup #1 Thu Aug 19 21:46:14 CEST 2004 i686
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
No mail.
l3-agent is already running: pid=3349; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
12:13:13
#DISPLAY=192.168.15.4 xclock
Error: Can't open display: 192.168.15.4
12:13:31
#DISPLAY=192.168.15.4:0 xclock
Error: Can't open display: 192.168.15.4:0
ssh -oForwardX11=yes remote.host.dom.ain
12:18:39
#vi /etc/X11/
12:18:39
#vi /etc/X11/sysconfig/
12:18:39
#vi /etc/X11/sysconfig/network.desktop
прошло 10 минут
12:29:21
#vi /etc/X11/sysconfig/users.desktop
12:29:37
#vi /etc/X11/
12:29:37
#vi /etc/X11/X
12:29:37
#vi /etc/X11/X
12:30:41
#vi /etc/X11/XvMCConfig
12:30:52
#vi /etc/X11/Xsession.options
12:31:14
#vi /etc/X11/sysconfig/network.desktop
12:34:10
#netstat -lnp | grep :6000

12:34:22
#ssh -f -N -R 22000:127.0.0.1:22 root@192.168.15.21
ssh: connect to host 192.168.15.21 port 22: No route to host
12:35:33
#ssh -f -N -R 22000:127.0.0.1:22 root@192.168.15.21
ssh: connect to host 192.168.15.21 port 22: No route to host
/dev/pts/5
12:36:32
$ssh cherep@192.168.15.254
Password:
Linux herz.linux.nt 2.6.17-prexen #3 PREEMPT Thu Aug 10 00:28:25 EEST 2006 i686
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Wed Sep 20 12:01:52 2006 from linux2.linux.nt
(reverse-i-search)`ss': ssh clint@85.202.175.160
cherep@herz:~$ ssh -f -N -R 20000:127.0.0.1:22BillInet_2006_09_19_2537_21630.pdf root@192.168.15.4:/
cherep@herz:~$ logout
Connection to 192.168.15.254 closed.
/dev/pts/1
12:36:37
#ping 192.168.15.21
PING 192.168.15.21 (192.168.15.21) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 192.168.15.2 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.15.2 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.15.2 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable
--- 192.168.15.21 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 4023ms
, pipe 3
12:36:54
#mii-tool
eth0: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok
eth1: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok
12:37:16
#ifconfig eth1 down

12:37:30
#mii-tool
eth0: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok
eth1: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok
12:37:32
#ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:15:F2:6B:55:25
          inet addr:192.168.15.2  Bcast:192.168.15.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:138210 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:143399 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:48315410 (46.0 MiB)  TX bytes:41684557 (39.7 MiB)
          Interrupt:19 Base address:0xd000
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:14864 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:14864 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:17009009 (16.2 MiB)  TX bytes:17009009 (16.2 MiB)
12:37:36
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
192.168.15.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0
0.0.0.0         192.168.15.254  0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
12:37:42
#ping 192.168.15.21
PING 192.168.15.21 (192.168.15.21) 56(84) bytes of data.
--- 192.168.15.21 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2011ms
12:38:28
#ssh -f -N -R 22000:127.0.0.1:22 root@192.168.15.2
The authenticity of host '192.168.15.2 (192.168.15.2)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is ea:16:68:b7:dc:39:d9:9a:8d:5b:52:0a:46:ae:06:40.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.15.2' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Password:
12:39:06
#ssh -f -N -R 19000:127.0.0.1:22 root@192.168.15.2
Password:
12:40:34
#ssh -p 19000 127.0.0.1
The authenticity of host '127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is ea:16:68:b7:dc:39:d9:9a:8d:5b:52:0a:46:ae:06:40.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '127.0.0.1' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Password:
Last login: Wed Sep 20 12:33:01 2006 from 192.168.15.3
Linux linux2.linux.nt 2.4.27-speakup #1 Thu Aug 19 21:46:14 CEST 2004 i686
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
No mail.
l3-agent is already running: pid=3349; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
12:41:09
#w
 12:41:11 up  3:05,  7 users,  load average: 0,00, 0,02, 0,08
USER     TTY      FROM              LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHAT
root     tty1     -                09:57    0.00s  1.05s  0.08s script -f -q /r
root     tty2     -                10:42    1:57   0.96s  0.06s script -f -q /r
root     pts/1    192.168.15.254   09:48    7:57   0.30s  0.08s script -f -q /r
root     pts/6    192.168.15.4     09:57   28:46   0.58s  0.03s script -f -q /r
root     pts/9    localhost        12:41    0.00s  0.05s  0.05s script -f -q /r
root     pts/0    :pts/2:S.0       12:11    0.00s  0.04s  0.02s script -f -q /r
root     pts/14   192.168.15.4     12:13    0.00s  0.13s  0.07s script -f -q /r
12:41:11
#exit
Connection to 127.0.0.1 closed.
Порт 19000 на моей машине приведет меня на 22 порт 192,1
Порт 19000 на моей машине приведет меня на 22 порт машины 192.168.15.2
12:42:52
#/etc/init.d/gdm stop
Stopping GNOME Display Manager: gdm.
/dev/tty2
12:45:28
$xhost +192.168.15.21
xhost:  unable to open display ""
12:49:09
$ssh root@192.168.15.21
Password:
Last login: Wed Sep 20 12:49:45 2006 from localhost.linux
Copyright (c) 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994
        The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE (MYKERN) #0: Tue Sep 19 10:31:16 EEST 2006
Welcome to FreeBSD!
Before seeking technical support, please use the following resources:
o  Security advisories and updated errata information for all releases are
   at http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ - always consult the ERRATA section
   for your release first as it's updated frequently.
...
   http://www.FreeBSD.org/search/.  If the doc distribution has
   been installed, they're also available formatted in /usr/share/doc.
If you still have a question or problem, please take the output of
`uname -a', along with any relevant error messages, and email it
as a question to the questions@FreeBSD.org mailing list.  If you are
unfamiliar with FreeBSD's directory layout, please refer to the hier(7)
manual page.  If you are not familiar with manual pages, type `man man'.
You may also use sysinstall(8) to re-enter the installation and
configuration utility.  Edit /etc/motd to change this login announcement.
l3-agent is already running: pid=3399; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
12:55:16
$ssh root@192.168.15.254
Password:
Password:
12:55:43
#vi /e
12:55:43
#exit
Connection to 192.168.15.21 closed.
/dev/pts/5
12:59:58
$xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
13:00:04
$su -
Password:
l3-agent is already running: pid=4645; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
13:04:04
#vi /etc/X11/gdm/
13:04:04
#vi /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf
/dev/pts/5
13:08:28
$xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
13:08:32
$su -
Password:
l3-agent is already running: pid=4645; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
13:10:33
#vi /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf
/dev/pts/5
13:20:01
$xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
13:20:15
$su -
Password:
l3-agent is already running: pid=4645; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
13:22:56
#vi /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf
/dev/pts/5
13:29:05
$xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
13:29:10
$ssh root@192.168.15.21
Password:
Last login: Wed Sep 20 12:55:43 2006 from 192.168.15.4
Copyright (c) 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994
        The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE (MYKERN) #0: Tue Sep 19 10:31:16 EEST 2006
Welcome to FreeBSD!
Before seeking technical support, please use the following resources:
o  Security advisories and updated errata information for all releases are
   at http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ - always consult the ERRATA section
   for your release first as it's updated frequently.
...
   http://www.FreeBSD.org/search/.  If the doc distribution has
   been installed, they're also available formatted in /usr/share/doc.
If you still have a question or problem, please take the output of
`uname -a', along with any relevant error messages, and email it
as a question to the questions@FreeBSD.org mailing list.  If you are
unfamiliar with FreeBSD's directory layout, please refer to the hier(7)
manual page.  If you are not familiar with manual pages, type `man man'.
You may also use sysinstall(8) to re-enter the installation and
configuration utility.  Edit /etc/motd to change this login announcement.
l3-agent is already running: pid=3399; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
13:30:24
#DISPLAY=192.168.15.4:0 xclock
^C
прошло 46 минут
14:16:52
$su - user
Password:
su: Authentication failure
Извините.
14:17:37
$su -
Password:
l3-agent is already running: pid=4645; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
14:17:42
#grep TCP /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf
#DisallowTCP=true
DisallowTCP=false
#DisallowTCP=false
# is your X server not listening to TCP requests?  Perhaps you should look
# at the security/DisallowTCP setting!
Разрешить GDM слушать 6000 порт
В файл /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf заменить DisallowTCP=true
Ðна DisallowTCP=false
и потом /etc/init.d/gdm resatrt
и не Ctrl+Alt+Backspace!!!!
14:17:47
#exit
Connection to 192.168.15.21 closed.
14:19:56
#netstat -lnp | grep :6000
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6000            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     20482/X
14:21:21
#cat /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf
# negative values for the position it is taken as an offset from the
# right or bottom edge.
#SetPosition=false
#PositionX=0
#PositionY=0
# Xinerama screen we use to display the greeter on.  Not for true
# multihead, currently only works for Xinerama.
#XineramaScreen=0
# Background settings for the standard greeter:
# Type can be 0=None, 1=Image, 2=Color
...
name=Chooser server
command=/usr/X11R6/bin/X -audit 0
# Make this not appear in the flexible servers for now, but if you
# wish to allow a chooser server then make this true.  This is the
# only way to make a flexible chooser server that behaves nicely.
flexible=false
# Run the chooser instead of the greeter.  When the user chooses a
# machine they will get this same server but run with
# "-terminate -query hostname"
chooser=true
/dev/pts/8
14:21:35
$ssh root@192.168.15.21
Password:
Last login: Wed Sep 20 14:24:49 2006 from 192.168.15.4
Copyright (c) 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994
        The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE (MYKERN) #0: Tue Sep 19 10:31:16 EEST 2006
Welcome to FreeBSD!
Before seeking technical support, please use the following resources:
o  Security advisories and updated errata information for all releases are
   at http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ - always consult the ERRATA section
   for your release first as it's updated frequently.
...
   http://www.FreeBSD.org/search/.  If the doc distribution has
   been installed, they're also available formatted in /usr/share/doc.
If you still have a question or problem, please take the output of
`uname -a', along with any relevant error messages, and email it
as a question to the questions@FreeBSD.org mailing list.  If you are
unfamiliar with FreeBSD's directory layout, please refer to the hier(7)
manual page.  If you are not familiar with manual pages, type `man man'.
You may also use sysinstall(8) to re-enter the installation and
configuration utility.  Edit /etc/motd to change this login announcement.
l3-agent is already running: pid=3399; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
/dev/pts/5
14:22:12
#vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
14:23:37
#ssh -X 192.168.15.21
Enter passphrase for key '/root/.ssh/id_dsa':
Last login: Wed Sep 20 13:30:24 2006 from 192.168.15.4
Copyright (c) 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994
        The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE (MYKERN) #0: Tue Sep 19 10:31:16 EEST 2006
Welcome to FreeBSD!
Before seeking technical support, please use the following resources:
o  Security advisories and updated errata information for all releases are
   at http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ - always consult the ERRATA section
   for your release first as it's updated frequently.
...
   http://www.FreeBSD.org/search/.  If the doc distribution has
   been installed, they're also available formatted in /usr/share/doc.
If you still have a question or problem, please take the output of
`uname -a', along with any relevant error messages, and email it
as a question to the questions@FreeBSD.org mailing list.  If you are
unfamiliar with FreeBSD's directory layout, please refer to the hier(7)
manual page.  If you are not familiar with manual pages, type `man man'.
You may also use sysinstall(8) to re-enter the installation and
configuration utility.  Edit /etc/motd to change this login announcement.
l3-agent is already running: pid=3399; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
14:24:04
#ssh -X 192.168.15.21
Enter passphrase for key '/root/.ssh/id_dsa':
Last login: Wed Sep 20 14:25:15 2006 from 192.168.15.4
Copyright (c) 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994
        The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE (MYKERN) #0: Tue Sep 19 10:31:16 EEST 2006
Welcome to FreeBSD!
Before seeking technical support, please use the following resources:
o  Security advisories and updated errata information for all releases are
   at http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ - always consult the ERRATA section
   for your release first as it's updated frequently.
...
   http://www.FreeBSD.org/search/.  If the doc distribution has
   been installed, they're also available formatted in /usr/share/doc.
If you still have a question or problem, please take the output of
`uname -a', along with any relevant error messages, and email it
as a question to the questions@FreeBSD.org mailing list.  If you are
unfamiliar with FreeBSD's directory layout, please refer to the hier(7)
manual page.  If you are not familiar with manual pages, type `man man'.
You may also use sysinstall(8) to re-enter the installation and
configuration utility.  Edit /etc/motd to change this login announcement.
l3-agent is already running: pid=3399; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
/dev/pts/8
14:24:28
$ssh user@192.168.15.21
Password:
Last login: Wed Sep 20 13:34:53 2006
Copyright (c) 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994
        The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE (MYKERN) #0: Tue Sep 19 10:31:16 EEST 2006
Welcome to FreeBSD!
Before seeking technical support, please use the following resources:
o  Security advisories and updated errata information for all releases are
   at http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ - always consult the ERRATA section
   for your release first as it's updated frequently.
...
   http://www.FreeBSD.org/search/.  If the doc distribution has
   been installed, they're also available formatted in /usr/share/doc.
If you still have a question or problem, please take the output of
`uname -a', along with any relevant error messages, and email it
as a question to the questions@FreeBSD.org mailing list.  If you are
unfamiliar with FreeBSD's directory layout, please refer to the hier(7)
manual page.  If you are not familiar with manual pages, type `man man'.
You may also use sysinstall(8) to re-enter the installation and
configuration utility.  Edit /etc/motd to change this login announcement.
l3-agent is already running: pid=3882; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
14:24:44
$ssh user@192.168.15.21
Password:
Last login: Wed Sep 20 14:25:33 2006 from 192.168.15.4
Copyright (c) 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994
        The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
FreeBSD 6.0-RELEASE (MYKERN) #0: Tue Sep 19 10:31:16 EEST 2006
Welcome to FreeBSD!
Before seeking technical support, please use the following resources:
o  Security advisories and updated errata information for all releases are
   at http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ - always consult the ERRATA section
   for your release first as it's updated frequently.
...
   http://www.FreeBSD.org/search/.  If the doc distribution has
   been installed, they're also available formatted in /usr/share/doc.
If you still have a question or problem, please take the output of
`uname -a', along with any relevant error messages, and email it
as a question to the questions@FreeBSD.org mailing list.  If you are
unfamiliar with FreeBSD's directory layout, please refer to the hier(7)
manual page.  If you are not familiar with manual pages, type `man man'.
You may also use sysinstall(8) to re-enter the installation and
configuration utility.  Edit /etc/motd to change this login announcement.
l3-agent is already running: pid=3882; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
/dev/pts/5
14:24:50
#xclock

14:24:59
#exit
Connection to 192.168.15.21 closed.
14:25:04
#vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
/dev/pts/8
14:25:16
#xclock
Error: Can't open display:
14:25:19
#exit
Connection to 192.168.15.21 closed.
14:25:33
$xclock
Error: Can't open display:
14:25:38
$exit
Connection to 192.168.15.21 closed.
/dev/pts/5
14:25:40
#/etc/init.d/ssh restart
Password:
         Restarting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshd.
14:25:50
#vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Файлы

  • /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf
  • /etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf
    >
    # negative values for the position it is taken as an offset from the
    # right or bottom edge.
    #SetPosition=false
    #PositionX=0
    #PositionY=0
    # Xinerama screen we use to display the greeter on.  Not for true
    # multihead, currently only works for Xinerama.
    #XineramaScreen=0
    # Background settings for the standard greeter:
    # Type can be 0=None, 1=Image, 2=Color
    #BackgroundType=2
    #BackgroundImage=
    #BackgroundScaleToFit=true
    #BackgroundColor=#76848F
    BackgroundColor=#000000
    # XDMCP session should only get a color, this is the sanest setting since
    # you don't want to take up too much bandwidth
    #BackgroundRemoteOnlyColor=true
    # Program to run to draw the background in the standard greeter.  Perhaps
    # something like an xscreensaver hack or some such.
    #BackgroundProgram=
    # if this is true then the background program is run always, otherwise
    # it is only run when the BackgroundType is 0 (None)
    #RunBackgroundProgramAlways=false
    # Show the Failsafe sessions.  These are much MUCH nicer (focus for xterm for
    # example) and more failsafe then those supplied by scripts so distros should
    # use this rather then just running an xterm from a script.
    #ShowGnomeFailsafeSession=true
    #ShowXtermFailsafeSession=true
    # Normally there is a session type called 'Last' that is shown which refers to
    # the last session the user used.  If off, we will be in 'switchdesk' mode where
    # the session saving stuff is disabled in GDM
    #ShowLastSession=true
    # Always use 24 hour clock no matter what the locale.
    #Use24Clock=false
    # Use circles in the password field.  Looks kind of cool actually,
    # but only works with certain fonts.
    #UseCirclesInEntry=false
    # These two keys are for the new greeter.  Circles is the standard
    # shipped theme
    #GraphicalTheme=circles
    GraphicalThemeDir=/usr/share/gdm/themes/
    # If InfoMsgFile points to a file, the greeter will display the contents of the
    # file in a modal dialog box before the user is allowed to log in.
    #InfoMsgFile=
    # If InfoMsgFile is present then InfoMsgFont can be used to specify the font
    # to be used when displaying the contents of the file.
    #InfoMsgFont=Sans 24
    # If SoundOnLogin is true, then the greeter will beep when login is ready
    # for user input.  If SoundOnLogin is a file and the greeter finds the
    # 'play' executable (see daemon/SoundProgram) it will play that file
    # instead of just beeping
    #SoundOnLogin=true
    #SoundOnLoginFile=
    # The chooser is what's displayed when a user wants an indirect XDMCP
    # session, or selects Run XDMCP chooser from the system menu
    [chooser]
    # Default image for hosts
    #DefaultHostImg=/usr/share/pixmaps/nohost.png
    # Directory with host images, they are named by the hosts: host or host.png
    HostImageDir=/usr/share/hosts/
    # Time we scan for hosts (well only the time we tell the user we are
    # scanning actually, we continue to listen even after this has
    # expired)
    #ScanTime=4
    # A comma separated lists of hosts to automatically add (if they answer to
    # a query of course).  You can use this to reach hosts that broadcast cannot
    # reach.
    Hosts=
    # Broadcast a query to get all hosts on the current network that answer
    Broadcast=true
    # Set it to true if you want to send a multicast query to hosts.
    Multicast=false
    # It is an IPv6 multicast address.It is hardcoded here and will be replaced when
    # officially registered xdmcp multicast address of TBD will be available
    #Multicast_Addr=ff02::1
    # Allow adding random hosts to the list by typing in their names
    #AllowAdd=true
    [debug]
    # This will enable debugging into the syslog, usually not neccessary
    # and it creates a LOT of spew of random stuff to the syslog.  However it
    # can be useful in determining when something is going very wrong.
    Enable=false
    [servers]
    # These are the standard servers.  You can add as many you want here
    # and they will always be started.  Each line must start with a unique
    # number and that will be the display number of that server.  Usually just
    # the 0 server is used.
    0=Standard
    #1=Standard
    # Note the VTAllocation and FirstVT keys on linux and freebsd.
    # Don't add any vt<number> arguments if VTAllocation is on, and set FirstVT to
    # be the first vt available that your gettys don't grab (gettys are usually
    # dumb and grab even a vt that has already been taken).  Using 7 will work
    # pretty much for all linux distributions.  VTAllocation is not currently
    # implemented on anything but linux and freebsd.  Feel free to send patches.
    # X servers will just not get any extra arguments then.
    #
    # If you want to run an X terminal you could add an X server such as this
    #0=Terminal -query serverhostname
    # or for a chooser (optionally serverhostname could be localhost)
    #0=Terminal -indirect serverhostname
    #
    # If you wish to run the XDMCP chooser on the local display use the following
    # line
    #0=Chooser
    ## Note:
    # is your X server not listening to TCP requests?  Perhaps you should look
    # at the security/DisallowTCP setting!
    # Definition of the standard X server.
    [server-Standard]
    name=Standard server
    command=/usr/X11R6/bin/X -audit 0
    flexible=true
    # To use this server type you should add -query host or -indirect host
    # to the command line
    [server-Terminal]
    name=Terminal server
    # Add -terminate to make things behave more nicely
    command=/usr/X11R6/bin/X -audit 0 -terminate
    # Make this not appear in the flexible servers (we need extra params
    # anyway, and terminate would be bad for xdmcp choosing).  You can
    # make a terminal server flexible, but not with an indirect query.
    # If you need flexible indirect query server, then you must get rid
    # of the -terminate and the only way to kill the flexible server will
    # then be by Ctrl-Alt-Backspace
    flexible=false
    # Not local, we do not handle the logins for this X server
    handled=false
    # To use this server type you should add -query host or -indirect host
    # to the command line
    [server-Chooser]
    name=Chooser server
    command=/usr/X11R6/bin/X -audit 0
    # Make this not appear in the flexible servers for now, but if you
    # wish to allow a chooser server then make this true.  This is the
    # only way to make a flexible chooser server that behaves nicely.
    flexible=false
    # Run the chooser instead of the greeter.  When the user chooses a
    # machine they will get this same server but run with
    # "-terminate -query hostname"
    chooser=true
    

    Статистика

    Время первой команды журнала11:58:25 2006- 9-20
    Время последней команды журнала14:25:50 2006- 9-20
    Количество командных строк в журнале93
    Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, %31.18
    Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % 1.08
    Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час 1.68
    Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин 0.92
    Частота использования команд
    vi25|=======================| 23.36%
    ssh17|===============| 15.89%
    #^8|=======| 7.48%
    su8|=======| 7.48%
    netstat7|======| 6.54%
    grep7|======| 6.54%
    exit7|======| 6.54%
    xhost6|=====| 5.61%
    xclock3|==| 2.80%
    ifconfig2|=| 1.87%
    ping2|=| 1.87%
    DISPLAY=192.168.15.42|=| 1.87%
    DISPLAY=192.168.15.4:02|=| 1.87%
    mii-tool2|=| 1.87%
    netsta1|| 0.93%
    man1|| 0.93%
    route1|| 0.93%
    /etc/init.d/gdm1|| 0.93%
    echo1|| 0.93%
    DISPLAY=192.168.15.4:0clock1|| 0.93%
    cat1|| 0.93%
    /etc/init.d/ssh1|| 0.93%
    w1|| 0.93%
    ____
    *) Интервалы неактивности длительностью 30 минут и более не учитываются

    Справка

    Для того чтобы использовать LiLaLo, не нужно знать ничего особенного: всё происходит само собой. Однако, чтобы ведение и последующее использование журналов было как можно более эффективным, желательно иметь в виду следующее:
    1. В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.

    2. Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.

    3. Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
      $ l s-l
      bash: l: command not found
      

    4. Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
      $ test 5 -lt 4
      Обратите внимание на то, что код завершения команды может быть отличен от нуля не только в тех случаях, когда команда была выполнена с ошибкой. Многие команды используют код завершения, например, для того чтобы показать результаты проверки

    5. Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
      $ find / -name abc
      find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung
      find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung
      ^C
      

    6. Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
      # id
      uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root)
      

    7. Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
      $ vi ~/.bashrc
      2a3,5
      >    if [ -f /usr/local/etc/bash_completion ]; then
      >         . /usr/local/etc/bash_completion
      >        fi
      

    8. Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
      $ patch ~/.bashrc
      В данном случае изменения применяются к файлу ~/.bashrc

    9. Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.

      Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.

    10. Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.

    11. Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора

    12. Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.

    13. Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.

    14. Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:

      $ whoami
      
      user
      
      $ #^ Интересно, кто я?
      
      в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
      $ whoami
      
      user
      
      Интересно, кто я?

    15. Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:

      $ whoami
      
      user
      
      $ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
      
      Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым 
      мы зарегистрировались в системе.
      -
      Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении 
      в этом мире.
      
      В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
      $ whoami
      user
      
      Интересно, кто я?
      Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым
      мы зарегистрировались в системе.

      Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении
      в этом мире.
      Для разделения нескольких абзацев между собой используйте символ "-", один в строке.

    16. Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=

    17. Содержимое файла может быть показано в журнале. Для этого его нужно вывести с помощью программы cat. Если вывод команды отметить симоволами #!, содержимое файла будет показано в журнале в специально отведённой для этого секции.
    18. Для того чтобы вставить скриншот интересующего вас окна в журнал, нужно воспользоваться командой l3shot. После того как команда вызвана, нужно с помощью мыши выбрать окно, которое должно быть в журнале.
    19. Команды в журнале расположены в хронологическом порядке. Если две команды давались одна за другой, но на разных терминалах, в журнале они будут рядом, даже если они не имеют друг к другу никакого отношения.
      1
          2
      3   
          4
      
      Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.

    О программе

    LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
    Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
    (c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008

    $Id$