/l3/users/deb1-pub/SET-YOUR-FIRSTLAB-NAME-HERE/debian1.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 |
|
#fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x581686fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf6867d73 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 60802 488386583+ ee GPT |
#fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x581686fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf6867d73 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 60802 488386583+ ee GPT |
#fdisk -l /dev/sda
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x581686fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris |
#fdisk -l /dev/sda
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x581686fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris |
#ls /sys/
block bus class dev devices firmware fs hypervisor kernel module power |
#ls /sys/
block bus class dev devices firmware fs hypervisor kernel module power |
#ls -l /sys/
total 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Feb 20 12:18 block drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 bus drwxr-xr-x 38 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 class drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 dev drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 devices drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 firmware drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 0 Feb 20 12:18 fs drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Feb 20 15:55 hypervisor drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 kernel drwxr-xr-x 101 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 module drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 power |
#ls -l /sys/
total 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Feb 20 12:18 block drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 bus drwxr-xr-x 38 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 class drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 dev drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 devices drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 firmware drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 0 Feb 20 12:18 fs drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Feb 20 15:55 hypervisor drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 kernel drwxr-xr-x 101 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 module drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Feb 20 10:39 power |
#su - user
l3-agent is already running: pid=2540; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid Password: su: Authentication failure |
#su - user
l3-agent is already running: pid=2540; pidfile=/home/user/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid Password: su: Authentication failure |
#fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x581686fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 60194 60801 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sda5 60194 60801 4883728+ 83 Linux WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf6867d73 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 60802 488386583+ ee GPT |
#fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x581686fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 60194 60801 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sda5 60194 60801 4883728+ 83 Linux WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf6867d73 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 60802 488386583+ ee GPT |
#apt-get install parted
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Suggested packages: parted-doc The following NEW packages will be installed: parted 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 155 kB of archives. After this operation, 287 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://10.0.35.1/debian/ squeeze/main parted i386 2.3-5 [155 kB] Fetched 155 kB in 0s (9,021 kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package parted. (Reading database ... 112554 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking parted (from .../archives/parted_2.3-5_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up parted (2.3-5) ... |
#apt-get install parted
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Suggested packages: parted-doc The following NEW packages will be installed: parted 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 155 kB of archives. After this operation, 287 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://10.0.35.1/debian/ squeeze/main parted i386 2.3-5 [155 kB] Fetched 155 kB in 0s (9,021 kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package parted. (Reading database ... 112554 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking parted (from .../archives/parted_2.3-5_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up parted (2.3-5) ... |
#parted
GNU Parted 2.3 Using /dev/sda Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) help align-check TYPE N check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment check NUMBER do a simple check on the file system cp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER copy file system to another partition help [COMMAND] print general help, or help on COMMAND mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE create a new disklabel (partition table) mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE make a FS-TYPE file system on partition NUMBER ... quit exit program rescue START END rescue a lost partition near START and END resize NUMBER START END resize partition NUMBER and its file system rm NUMBER delete partition NUMBER select DEVICE choose the device to edit set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]] toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER unit UNIT set the default unit to UNIT version display the version number and copyright information of GNU Parted (parted) quit |
#parted
GNU Parted 2.3 Using /dev/sda Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) help align-check TYPE N check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment check NUMBER do a simple check on the file system cp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER copy file system to another partition help [COMMAND] print general help, or help on COMMAND mklabel,mktable LABEL-TYPE create a new disklabel (partition table) mkfs NUMBER FS-TYPE make a FS-TYPE file system on partition NUMBER ... quit exit program rescue START END rescue a lost partition near START and END resize NUMBER START END resize partition NUMBER and its file system rm NUMBER delete partition NUMBER select DEVICE choose the device to edit set NUMBER FLAG STATE change the FLAG on partition NUMBER toggle [NUMBER [FLAG]] toggle the state of FLAG on partition NUMBER unit UNIT set the default unit to UNIT version display the version number and copyright information of GNU Parted (parted) quit |
#fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x581686fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 60194 60801 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sda5 60194 60801 4883728+ 83 Linux WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf6867d73 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 60802 488386583+ ee GPT |
#fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x581686fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 60194 60801 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sda5 60194 60801 4883728+ 83 Linux WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf6867d73 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 60802 488386583+ ee GPT |
#fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x581686fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 60194 60801 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sda5 60194 60801 4883728+ 83 Linux WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf6867d73 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 60802 488386583+ ee GPT |
#fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x581686fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 60194 60801 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sda5 60194 60801 4883728+ 83 Linux WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf6867d73 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 60802 488386583+ ee GPT |
#fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x581686fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris ... /dev/sda6 60194 60801 4883728+ 83 Linux WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf6867d73 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 60802 488386583+ ee GPT |
#fdisk -l
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x581686fc Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris ... /dev/sda6 60194 60801 4883728+ 83 Linux WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf6867d73 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 60802 488386583+ ee GPT |
#file -s
Usage: file [-bchikLNnprsvz0] [--apple] [--mime-encoding] [--mime-type] [-e testname] [-F separator] [-f namefile] [-m magicfiles] file ... file -C [-m magicfiles] file [--help] |
#file -s
Usage: file [-bchikLNnprsvz0] [--apple] [--mime-encoding] [--mime-type] [-e testname] [-F separator] [-f namefile] [-m magicfiles] file ... file -C [-m magicfiles] file [--help] |
#file -s /dev/sda
/dev/sda: x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0x83, starthead 32, startsector 2048, 97654784 sectors; partition 2: ID=0x82, starthead 254, startsector 97656832, 9764864 sectors; partition 3: ID=0x5, starthead 254, startsector 107421696, 869346369 sectors, code offset 0x63, OEM-ID " м", Bytes/sector 190, sectors/cluster 124, reserved sectors 191, FATs 6, root entries 185, sectors 64514 (volumes |
#file -s /dev/sda
/dev/sda: x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0x83, starthead 32, startsector 2048, 97654784 sectors; partition 2: ID=0x82, starthead 254, startsector 97656832, 9764864 sectors; partition 3: ID=0x5, starthead 254, startsector 107421696, 869346369 sectors, code offset 0x63, OEM-ID " м", Bytes/sector 190, sectors/cluster 124, reserved sectors 191, FATs 6, root entries 185, sectors 64514 (volumes |
#file -s /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1: Linux rev 1.0 ext3 filesystem data, UUID=fc5964bb-af05-41d1-a079-008112d647f7 (needs journal recovery) (large files) |
#file -s /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1: Linux rev 1.0 ext3 filesystem data, UUID=fc5964bb-af05-41d1-a079-008112d647f7 (needs journal recovery) (large files) |
#file -s /dev/sda2
/dev/sda2: Linux/i386 swap file (new style), version 1 (4K pages), size 1220607 pages, no label, UUID=3fec0b73-4b91-4535-b66a-868c334d3d77 |
#file -s /dev/sda2
/dev/sda2: Linux/i386 swap file (new style), version 1 (4K pages), size 1220607 pages, no label, UUID=3fec0b73-4b91-4535-b66a-868c334d3d77 |
#file -s /dev/sda3
/dev/sda3: x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0x83, starthead 254, startsector 63, 9767457 sectors; partition 2: ID=0x5, starthead 254, startsector 859578849, 9767520 sectors, extended partition table, code offset 0x0 |
#file -s /dev/sda3
/dev/sda3: x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0x83, starthead 254, startsector 63, 9767457 sectors; partition 2: ID=0x5, starthead 254, startsector 859578849, 9767520 sectors, extended partition table, code offset 0x0 |
#mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda6
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 305824 inodes, 1220932 blocks 61046 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=1254096896 38 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8048 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 22 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. |
#mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda6
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 305824 inodes, 1220932 blocks 61046 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=1254096896 38 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8048 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 22 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. |
#file -s /dev/sda6
/dev/sda6: Linux rev 1.0 ext3 filesystem data, UUID=ef4f8aa3-3a74-432b-bbb6-e1fa0c931da7 (large files) |
#file -s /dev/sda6
/dev/sda6: Linux rev 1.0 ext3 filesystem data, UUID=ef4f8aa3-3a74-432b-bbb6-e1fa0c931da7 (large files) |
#mount
/dev/sda1 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro) tmpfs on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=620) binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) /dev/sda6 on /data1 type ext3 (rw) |
#mount
/dev/sda1 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro) tmpfs on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=620) binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) /dev/sda6 on /data1 type ext3 (rw) |
#df /dev/sda6
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda6 4806904 140764 4421956 4% /data1 |
#df /dev/sda6
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sda6 4806904 140764 4421956 4% /data1 |
#/etc/fstab: static file system information.
# # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices /proc proc defaults 0 0 # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # # swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation swap sw 0 0 UUID=ef4f8aa3-3a74-432b-bbb6-e1fa0c931da none ext3 sw 0 0 /dev/sda6: Linux rev 1.0 ext3 filesystem data, UUID=ef4f8aa3-3a74-432b-bbb6-e1fa0c931da7 (needs journal recovery) (large files) ... ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ "/etc/fstab" 16L, 890C written |
#/etc/fstab: static file system information.
# # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices /proc proc defaults 0 0 # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # # swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation swap sw 0 0 UUID=ef4f8aa3-3a74-432b-bbb6-e1fa0c931da none ext3 sw 0 0 /dev/sda6: Linux rev 1.0 ext3 filesystem data, UUID=ef4f8aa3-3a74-432b-bbb6-e1fa0c931da7 (needs journal recovery) (large files) ... ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ "/etc/fstab" 16L, 890C written |
#vim /etc/fstab
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5356.12990.24402 2012-02-20 16:32:26.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/fstab 2012-02-20 16:34:08.000000000 +0200 @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ UUID=fc5964bb-af05-41d1-a079-008112d647f7 / ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation UUID=3fec0b73-4b91-4535-b66a-868c334d3d77 none swap sw 0 0 -UUID=ef4f8aa3-3a74-432b-bbb6-e1fa0c931da7 none ext3 sw 0 0 +UUID=ef4f8aa3-3a74-432b-bbb6-e1fa0c931da7 none ext3 sw 0 1 /dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 /dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto 0 0 |
#vim /etc/fstab
|
#vim /etc/fstab
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5356.10754.29933 2012-02-20 16:34:19.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/fstab 2012-02-20 16:35:19.000000000 +0200 @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ UUID=fc5964bb-af05-41d1-a079-008112d647f7 / ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation UUID=3fec0b73-4b91-4535-b66a-868c334d3d77 none swap sw 0 0 -UUID=ef4f8aa3-3a74-432b-bbb6-e1fa0c931da7 none ext3 sw 0 1 +UUID=ef4f8aa3-3a74-432b-bbb6-e1fa0c931da7 data ext3 sw 0 1 /dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 /dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto 0 0 |
#mount /data1/
mount: can't find /data1/ in /etc/fstab or /etc/mtab |
#vim /etc/fstab
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5356.4707.22439 2012-02-20 16:35:27.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/fstab 2012-02-20 16:35:52.000000000 +0200 @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ UUID=fc5964bb-af05-41d1-a079-008112d647f7 / ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation UUID=3fec0b73-4b91-4535-b66a-868c334d3d77 none swap sw 0 0 -UUID=ef4f8aa3-3a74-432b-bbb6-e1fa0c931da7 data ext3 sw 0 1 +UUID=ef4f8aa3-3a74-432b-bbb6-e1fa0c931da7 / ext3 sw 0 1 /dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 /dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto 0 0 |
Время первой команды журнала | 14:54:13 2012- 2-20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 15:35:52 2012- 2-20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 100 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 16.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 6.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.69 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 2.40 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
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В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
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Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
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Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008