10:10:59
|
#fs
fs fsck.cramfs fsck.ext4 fsck.msdos fslsfonts fstopgm fsadm fsck.ext2 fsck.ext4dev fsck.nfs fstab-decode fsck fsck.ext3 fsck.minix fsck.vfat fstobdf |
| /l3/users/igor-public/nt-scale/debian5.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 |
|
|
#apt-get install rsync
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done rsync is already the newest version. rsync set to manually installed. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 5 not upgraded. |
|
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 7365 2 r----- 2416.3 knoppix1 10 500 1 -b---- 635.2 |
|
#xm destroy knoppix1
|
|
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 7365 2 r----- 2434.2 |
|
#less /etc/xen/dom1
|
|
#vim /etc/xen/dom1
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5707.4010.28472 2012-02-24 11:03:00.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/xen/dom1 2012-02-24 11:03:06.000000000 +0200 @@ -8,11 +8,9 @@ #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Kernel image file. -kernel = "/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.39-bpo.2-686-pae" kernel = "/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.7" # Optional ramdisk. -ramdisk = "/boot/initrd.img-2.6.39-bpo.2-686-pae-xen-front" ramdisk = "/boot/initrd.img-3.2.7" # The domain build function. Default is 'linux'. |
|
#grep -xv ^# /etc/xen/dom1 | grep -xv ''
# -*- mode: python; -*- #============================================================================ # Python configuration setup for 'xm create'. # This script sets the parameters used when a domain is created using 'xm create'. # You use a separate script for each domain you want to create, or # you can set the parameters for the domain on the xm command line. #============================================================================ #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Kernel image file. kernel = "/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.7" ... # - /dev/sdxx or sdx # - /dev/stxx or stx # - /dev/sgxx or sgx # - result of 'scsi_id -gu -s'. # ex. # scsi_id -gu -s /block/sdb # 36000b5d0006a0000006a0257004c0000 # VDEV gives virtual SCSI device by 4-tuples (XX:XX:XX:XX) as # which the specified guest domain recognize. #vscsi = [ '/dev/sdx, 0:0:0:0' ] #============================================================================ |
|
#grep -v ^# /etc/xen/dom1 | grep -xv ''
kernel = "/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.7" ramdisk = "/boot/initrd.img-3.2.7" builder='linux' memory = 128 name = "dom1" vif = [ 'bridge=eth0' ] disk = [ 'phy:/dev/VG0/vol1,ioemu:sda1,w' ] root = "/dev/xvda1 ro" extra = "" |
|
#mount /dev/VG0/vol1 /mnt
|
|
#ls /mnt/lib/modules/
2.6.32-5-686 2.6.39-bpo.2-686-pae |
|
#cp -R /lib/modules/3.2.7 /mnt/lib/modules/
|
|
#vgdisplay
--- Volume group --- VG Name VG0 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 38 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 3 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 97.79 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 25034 Alloc PE / Size 1561 / 6.10 GiB Free PE / Size 23473 / 91.69 GiB VG UUID 1shb9G-HVgI-8P40-8jqi-D92G-rkmk-tnth3W |
|
#pvdisplay
--- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/md0 VG Name VG0 PV Size 4.66 GiB / not usable 260.00 KiB Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 1192 Free PE 399 Allocated PE 793 PV UUID EO3JYK-SH1x-FKhg-Q28x-0IEz-350u-94jgIR --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda7 VG Name VG0 PV Size 93.13 GiB / not usable 2.22 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 23842 Free PE 23074 Allocated PE 768 PV UUID 5ErgJk-6Qlz-dZ0z-Hxqe-p622-0UjM-sff4rT |
|
#fs
fs fsck.cramfs fsck.ext4 fsck.msdos fslsfonts fstopgm fsadm fsck.ext2 fsck.ext4dev fsck.nfs fstab-decode fsck fsck.ext3 fsck.minix fsck.vfat fstobdf |
|
#which fsadm
/sbin/fsadm |
|
#dpkg -S `!!`
dpkg -S `which fsadm ` lvm2: /sbin/fsadm |
|
#fsadm
fsadm: Utility to resize or check the filesystem on a device
fsadm [options] check device
- Check the filesystem on device using fsck
fsadm [options] resize device [new_size[BKMGTPE]]
- Change the size of the filesystem on device to new_size
Options:
-h | --help Show this help message
-v | --verbose Be verbose
-e | --ext-offline unmount filesystem before ext2/ext3/ext4 resize
-f | --force Bypass sanity checks
-n | --dry-run Print commands without running them
-l | --lvresize Resize given device (if it is LVM device)
-y | --yes Answer "yes" at any prompts
new_size - Absolute number of filesystem blocks to be in the filesystem,
or an absolute size using a suffix (in powers of 1024).
If new_size is not supplied, the whole device is used.
|
|
#vim /mnt/etc/inittab
|
|
#mount
/dev/sda1 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro) tmpfs on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=620) fusectl on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) xenfs on /proc/xen type xenfs (rw) binfmt_misc on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) /dev/mapper/VG0-vol1 on /mnt type ext3 (rw) |
|
#brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces eth0 8000.000ffee6dd33 no peth0 |
|
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 7365 2 r----- 2999.1 |
|
#vim /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5707.26352.7433 2012-02-24 11:56:45.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp 2012-02-24 11:56:55.000000000 +0200 @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ # Your default ethernet device is used as the outgoing interface, by default. # To use a different one (e.g. eth1) use # -(network-script 'network-bridge netdev=eth0') +#(network-script 'network-bridge netdev=eth0') # # The bridge is named xenbr0, by default. To rename the bridge, use # |
|
#(vif-script vif-route)
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto eth0.10 eth0.20
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
address 10.0.35.45
netmask 255.255.255.0
#auto e network 10.0.35.0
broadcast 10.0.35.255
gateway 10.0.35.1
...
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
"/etc/network/interfaces" 30L, 696C written
|
|
#reboot
|
|
#brctl addif br10 eth0.10
|
|
#ifconfig eth0.10
eth0.10 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0f:fe:e6:dd:33
inet addr:192.168.10.5 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20f:feff:fee6:dd33/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:35 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:37 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:6213 (6.0 KiB) TX bytes:6316 (6.1 KiB)
|
|
#ifconfig br10 192.168.10.5
|
|
#ifconfig et0.10 0.0.0.0
SIOCSIFADDR: No such device et0.10: ERROR while getting interface flags: No such device |
|
#ifconfig eth0.10 0.0.0.0
|
|
#cat /etc/modules
# /etc/modules: kernel modules to load at boot time. # # This file contains the names of kernel modules that should be loaded # at boot time, one per line. Lines beginning with "#" are ignored. # Parameters can be specified after the module name. loop |
|
#ping 192.168.10.1
PING 192.168.10.1 (192.168.10.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.10.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.694 ms ^X^[[A64 bytes from 192.168.10.1: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.506 ms ^C --- 192.168.10.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.506/0.600/0.694/0.094 ms |
|
#brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br10 8000.000ffee6dd33 no eth0.10 |
|
#vim /etc/xen/dom1
--- /tmp/l3-saved-2453.780.14325 2012-02-24 12:02:59.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/xen/dom1 2012-02-24 12:03:08.000000000 +0200 @@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ # # vif = [ '', 'bridge=xenbr1' ] -vif = [ 'bridge=eth0' ] +vif = [ 'bridge=br10' ] #vif = [ ] #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
#xm console dom1
[ 0.000000] Reserving virtual address space above 0xf5800000 [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Linux version 3.2.7 (root@debian5) (gcc version 4.4.5 (Debian 4.4.5-8) ) #1 SMP Thu Feb 23 17:56:02 EET 2012 [ 0.000000] ACPI in unprivileged domain disabled [ 0.000000] Released 0 pages of unused memory [ 0.000000] Set 0 page(s) to 1-1 mapping [ 0.000000] BIOS-provided physical RAM map: [ 0.000000] Xen: 0000000000000000 - 00000000000a0000 (usable) [ 0.000000] Xen: 00000000000a0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved) ... iface eth0 inet static ~ ~ ~ ~ root@debian5:~# ping 10.0.35.1 PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2015ms |
|
#brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br10 8000.000ffee6dd33 no eth0.10
vif1.0
|
|
#xm console dom1
root@debian5:~#
root@debian5:~#
root@debian5:~#
root@debian5:~# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:16:3e:6d:23:d7
inet addr:192.168.10.15 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::216:3eff:fe6d:23d7/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:55 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
...
From 192.168.10.15 icmp_seq=61 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.10.15 icmp_seq=62 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.10.15 icmp_seq=63 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.10.15 icmp_seq=64 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.10.15 icmp_seq=65 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.10.15 icmp_seq=66 Destination Host Unreachable
^C
--- 192.168.10.1 ping statistics ---
68 packets transmitted, 0 received, +66 errors, 100% packet loss, time 66999ms
pipe 4
|
|
#xm console dom1
root@debian5:~# root@debian5:~# root@debian5:~# ping 192.168.10.1 PING 192.168.10.1 (192.168.10.1) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.10.15 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.10.15 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.10.15 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.10.15 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.10.15 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.10.15 icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable ... --- 192.168.10.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1007ms root@debian5:~# ping 192.168.10.203 PING 192.168.10.203 (192.168.10.203) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.10.203: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=4.25 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.10.203: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.742 ms ^C --- 192.168.10.203 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.742/2.498/4.255/1.757 ms |
|
#tcpdump -i eth0.10
tcpdump: WARNING: eth0.10: no IPv4 address assigned tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0.10, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 12:06:55.126630 ARP, Request who-has linux1.unix.nt tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:06:55.230520 IP6 fe80::20f:feff:fee6:dd33.mdns > ff02::fb.mdns: 0 PTR (QM)? 15.10.168.192.in-addr.arpa. (44) 12:06:55.230585 IP debian5.local.mdns > 224.0.0.251.mdns: 0 PTR (QM)? 15.10.168.192.in-addr.arpa. (44) 12:06:55.230636 IP6 fe80::20f:feff:fee6:dd33.mdns > ff02::fb.mdns: 0 PTR (QM)? 15.10.168.192.in-addr.arpa. (44) 12:06:56.126185 ARP, Request who-has linux1.unix.nt tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:06:56.231608 IP6 fe80::20f:feff:fee6:dd33.mdns > ff02::fb.mdns: 0 PTR (QM)? 15.10.168.192.in-addr.arpa. (44) 12:06:56.231660 IP debian5.local.mdns > 224.0.0.251.mdns: 0 PTR (QM)? 15.10.168.192.in-addr.arpa. (44) ... 12:07:05.887823 IP debian5.local.mdns > 224.0.0.251.mdns: 0*- [0q] 1/0/0 (Cache flush) PTR debian5.local. (64) 12:07:06.126192 ARP, Request who-has linux1.unix.nt tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:07.126281 ARP, Request who-has linux1.unix.nt tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:08.126237 ARP, Request who-has linux1.unix.nt tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:09.126180 ARP, Request who-has linux1.unix.nt tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:10.126266 ARP, Request who-has linux1.unix.nt tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 ^C 38 packets captured 38 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel |
|
#tcpdump -i eth0 -n
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 12:07:20.775108 IP 10.0.35.45.22 > 10.0.35.40.56453: Flags [P.], seq 399888402:399888514, ack 146349581, win 2177, options [nop,nop,TS val 47338 ecr 766197969], length 112 12:07:20.775203 IP 10.0.35.45.22 > 10.0.35.40.56453: Flags [P.], seq 112:160, ack 1, win 2177, options [nop,nop,TS val 47338 ecr 766197969], length 48 12:07:20.775310 IP 10.0.35.45.22 > 10.0.35.40.56453: Flags [P.], seq 160:272, ack 1, win 2177, options [nop,nop,TS val 47338 ecr 766197969], length 112 12:07:20.775399 IP 10.0.35.45.22 > 10.0.35.40.56453: Flags [P.], seq 272:320, ack 1, win 2177, options [nop,nop,TS val 47338 ecr 766197969], length 48 12:07:20.775644 IP 10.0.35.40.56453 > 10.0.35.45.22: Flags [.], ack 112, win 3914, options [nop,nop,TS val 766198005 ecr 47338], length 0 12:07:20.775657 IP 10.0.35.40.56453 > 10.0.35.45.22: Flags [.], ack 160, win 3914, options [nop,nop,TS val 766198005 ecr 47338], length 0 12:07:20.775660 IP 10.0.35.40.56453 > 10.0.35.45.22: Flags [.], ack 272, win 3914, options [nop,nop,TS val 766198005 ecr 47338], length 0 12:07:20.775661 IP 10.0.35.45.22 > 10.0.35.40.56453: Flags [P.], seq 320:528, ack 1, win 2177, options [nop,nop,TS val 47338 ecr 766198005], length 208 ... 12:07:24.054351 IP 10.0.35.40.22 > 10.0.35.45.41038: Flags [.], seq 4262384:4265280, ack 1105, win 1435, options [nop,nop,TS val 766198823 ecr 48157], length 2896 12:07:24.054357 IP 10.0.35.45.41038 > 10.0.35.40.22: Flags [.], ack 4265280, win 24656, options [nop,nop,TS val 48158 ecr 766198823], length 0 12:07:24.054602 IP 10.0.35.40.22 > 10.0.35.45.41038: Flags [.], seq 4265280:4268176, ack 1105, win 1435, options [nop,nop,TS val 766198823 ecr 48157], length 2896 12:07:24.054608 IP 10.0.35.45.41038 > 10.0.35.40.22: Flags [.], ack 4268176, win 24837, options [nop,nop,TS val 48158 ecr 766198823], length 0 12:07:24.054851 IP 10.0.35.40.22 > 10.0.35.45.41038: Flags [.], seq 4268176:4271072, ack 1105, win 1435, options [nop,nop,TS val 766198823 ecr 48157], length 2896 12:07:24.054859 IP 10.0.35.45.41038 > 10.0.35.40.22: Flags [.], ack 4271072, win 25018, options [nop,nop,TS val 48158 ecr 766198823], length 0 ^C^C^C^C^C^C^C^C^C^C^C^C^C 25277 packets captured 26379 packets received by filter 1098 packets dropped by kernel |
|
#^C
|
|
#tcpdump -i eth0 -n not port 22
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 12:07:28.422274 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.1.81 tell 10.0.1.19, length 46 12:07:28.424431 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.3.4 tell 10.0.10.34, length 46 12:07:28.530300 IP6 :: > ff02::1:ff0c:4511: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has fe80::207:e9ff:fe0c:4511, length 24 12:07:28.548868 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.1.4 tell 10.0.34.1, length 46 12:07:28.550460 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.34.1 tell 10.0.1.4, length 46 12:07:28.568029 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.1.35 tell 10.0.27.1, length 46 12:07:28.607112 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.13.2 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 10.0.13.2, length 46 12:07:28.625674 IP 10.0.35.1.53 > 10.0.35.43.57500: 17480 3/9/13 AAAA 2002:d5b3:e406::1, AAAA 2a01:d0:1d:200::6, AAAA 2001:470:28:140::5 (493) ... 12:07:32.450255 IP 10.0.55.1.137 > 10.255.255.255.137: NBT UDP PACKET(137): QUERY; REQUEST; BROADCAST 12:07:32.457988 IP 10.0.1.82.137 > 10.255.255.255.137: NBT UDP PACKET(137): QUERY; REQUEST; BROADCAST 12:07:32.556568 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.40.75 tell 10.0.1.19, length 46 12:07:32.563585 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.3.4 tell 10.0.10.47, length 46 12:07:32.606734 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.13.2 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 10.0.13.2, length 46 12:07:32.667422 STP 802.1w, Rapid STP, Flags [Forward, Agreement], bridge-id 8000.00:14:c2:fd:f3:80.8004, length 43 ^C 97 packets captured 97 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel |
|
#tcpdump -i eth0 -n not port 22 and host 192.168.10.15
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 12:07:44.126317 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:45.126093 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:46.126355 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:47.126255 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:48.126159 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:49.126413 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:50.126220 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:51.126257 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 ... 12:07:57.126133 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:58.126132 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:07:59.126108 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:08:00.126130 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:08:01.126107 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 12:08:02.126198 ARP, Request who-has 192.168.10.1 tell 192.168.10.15, length 28 ^C 19 packets captured 19 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel |
|
#brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br10 8000.000ffee6dd33 no eth0.10
vif1.0
|
|
#tcpdump -i eth0 -n not port 22 and host 192.168.10.15
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes ^C 0 packets captured 0 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel |
|
#tcpdump -i eth0 -n not port 22 and host 10.0.35.55
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 12:08:54.222203 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 12:08:55.239373 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 12:08:56.238119 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 12:08:57.238176 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 12:08:58.255397 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 12:08:59.254219 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 12:09:00.254257 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 12:09:01.271489 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 ... 12:09:16.351449 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 12:09:17.350175 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 12:09:18.350258 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 12:09:19.367468 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 12:09:20.366285 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 12:09:21.366172 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.35.1 tell 10.0.35.55, length 28 ^C 28 packets captured 28 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel |
|
#ping 192.168.10.1
PING 192.168.10.1 (192.168.10.1) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.10.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1008ms |
|
#ping 192.168.10.1
PING 192.168.10.1 (192.168.10.1) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.10.5 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.10.5 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.10.5 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- 192.168.10.1 ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 4999ms pipe 3 |
|
#ping 192.168.10.1
PING 192.168.10.1 (192.168.10.1) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.10.5 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- 192.168.10.1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 2009ms |
|
#ifconfig
br10 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0f:fe:e6:dd:33
inet addr:192.168.10.5 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20f:feff:fee6:dd33/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:263 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:84 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:12911 (12.6 KiB) TX bytes:10036 (9.8 KiB)
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0f:fe:e6:dd:33
inet addr:10.0.35.45 Bcast:10.0.35.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
...
TX packets:22 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:1920 (1.8 KiB) TX bytes:1920 (1.8 KiB)
vif1.0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet6 addr: fe80::fcff:ffff:feff:ffff/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:234 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:103 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:32
RX bytes:7498 (7.3 KiB) TX bytes:13174 (12.8 KiB)
|
|
#ping 192.168.10.1
PING 192.168.10.1 (192.168.10.1) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.10.5 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.10.5 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.10.5 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- 192.168.10.1 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 3999ms pipe 3 |
|
#ssh debian1
Linux debian1 3.2.7 #1 SMP Thu Feb 23 17:56:02 EET 2012 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Thu Feb 23 11:29:01 2012 from debian4.unix.nt l3-agent is already running: pid=2677; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
|
#grep -xv '' /etc/xen/dom1 | grep -v ^#
kernel = "/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.7" ramdisk = "/boot/initrd.img-3.2.7" memory = 128 name = "dom1" vif = [ 'bridge=br10' ] disk = [ 'phy:/dev/VG0/vol1,ioemu:sda1,w' ] root = "/dev/xvda1" extra = "" |
|
#brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br10 8000.000ffe7eb8fb no eth0.10 |
|
#vim /etc/xen/dom1
|
|
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 7365 2 r----- 97.6 dom1 2 128 1 --p--- 0.0 |
|
#xm destroy dom1
|
|
#xm create dom1
Using config file "/etc/xen/dom1". Started domain dom1 (id=3) |
|
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 7365 2 r----- 100.8 dom1 3 128 1 -b---- 1.6 |
|
#xm console dom1
[ 0.000000] Reserving virtual address space above 0xf5800000 [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Linux version 3.2.7 (root@debian5) (gcc version 4.4.5 (Debian 4.4.5-8) ) #1 SMP Thu Feb 23 17:56:02 EET 2012 [ 0.000000] ACPI in unprivileged domain disabled [ 0.000000] Released 0 pages of unused memory [ 0.000000] Set 0 page(s) to 1-1 mapping [ 0.000000] BIOS-provided physical RAM map: [ 0.000000] Xen: 0000000000000000 - 00000000000a0000 (usable) [ 0.000000] Xen: 00000000000a0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved) ... root@debian1virt:~# ping 10.0.35.1 PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3023ms root@debian1virt:~# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.10.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
|
#cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
0 |
|
#echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
|
|
#grep forward /etc/sysctl.conf
# Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1 |
|
#sed -i s/#net.ipv4.
sed: -e expression #1, char 12: unterminated `s' command |
|
#sed -i s/#net.ipv4.ip_forward/net.ipv4.ip_forward/ /etc/sysctl.conf
|
|
#exit
exit Connection to debian1 closed. |
|
#ssh debian3
Linux debian3 3.2.7 #1 SMP Thu Feb 23 17:56:02 EET 2012 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Thu Feb 23 11:31:12 2012 from debian4.unix.nt l3-agent is already running: pid=2605; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
|
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 7365 2 r----- 132.9 dom1 1 128 1 -b---- 2.1 |
|
#xm console dom1
root@debian13:~# root@debian13:~# root@debian13:~# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.3 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
|
#brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br30 8000.0007e90c4511 no eth0.30
vif1.0
|
|
#ifconfig eth0.30
eth0.30 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:0c:45:11
inet6 addr: fe80::207:e9ff:fe0c:4511/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:103 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:162 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:12828 (12.5 KiB) TX bytes:21568 (21.0 KiB)
|
|
#ifconfig br30
br30 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:0c:45:11
inet addr:192.168.30.3 Bcast:192.168.30.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::207:e9ff:fe0c:4511/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:111 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:62 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:13402 (13.0 KiB) TX bytes:10315 (10.0 KiB)
|
|
#xm console dom1
root@debian13:~# root@debian13:~# root@debian13:~# root@debian13:~# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.3 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
|
#exit
exit Connection to debian3 closed. |
|
#ssh debian2
Linux debian2 3.2.7 #1 SMP Thu Feb 23 17:56:02 EET 2012 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Thu Feb 23 11:29:12 2012 from debian4.unix.nt l3-agent is already running: pid=2681; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
|
#grep -v ^# /etc/xen/dom1 | grep -xv ''
kernel = "/boot/vmlinuz-3.2.7" ramdisk = "/boot/initrd.img-3.2.7" memory = 128 name = "dom1" vif = [ 'bridge=eth0' ] disk = [ 'phy:/dev/VG0/vol1,xvda1,w' ] root = "/dev/xvda1 ro" extra = "" |
|
#brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br20 8000.000ffe7eb92f no eth0.20 |
|
#sed -i s/eth0/br20/ /etc/xen/dom1
|
|
#exit
exit Connection to debian2 closed. |
|
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 7365 2 r----- 121.0 dom1 1 128 1 -b---- 2.8 |
|
#xm console dom1
root@debian5:~# root@debian5:~# root@debian5:~# root@debian5:~# Display all 1148 possibilities? (y or n) ! mrd ./ mren 2to3 mshowfat 2to3-2.6 mt : mt-gnu ... 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 139 kB of archives. After this operation, 1057 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://10.0.35.1/debian/ squeeze/main bash-completion all 1:1.2-3 [139 kB] Fetched 139 kB in 0s (3503 kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package bash-completion. (Reading database ... 37134 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking bash-completion (from .../bash-completion_1%3a1.2-3_all.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up bash-completion (1:1.2-3) ... |
|
#vim /etc/network/interfaces
--- /tmp/l3-saved-2453.16518.16920 2012-02-24 12:29:51.000000000 +0200 +++ /etc/network/interfaces 2012-02-24 12:31:20.000000000 +0200 @@ -19,12 +19,17 @@ dns-nameservers 10.0.35.1 dns-search unix.nt -iface eth0.10 inet static - address 192.168.10.5 - netmask 255.255.255.0 - broadcast 192.168.10.255 +iface eth0.10 inet manual + up brctl addbr br10 + up brctl addif br10 eth0.10 + up ifconfig br10 192.168.10.5 255.255.255.0 iface eth0.20 inet static address 192.168.20.5 netmask 255.255.255.0 +iface eth0.30 inet manual + up brctl addbr br30 + up brctl addif br30 eth0.30 + up ifconfig br30 192.168.30.5 255.255.255.0 + |
|
#ifup eth0.30
Set name-type for VLAN subsystem. Should be visible in /proc/net/vlan/config Added VLAN with VID == 30 to IF -:eth0:- SIOCSIFADDR: Invalid argument Failed to bring up eth0.30. |
|
#ifup eth0.30
Set name-type for VLAN subsystem. Should be visible in /proc/net/vlan/config ERROR: trying to add VLAN #30 to IF -:eth0:- error: File exists device br30 already exists; can't create bridge with the same name Failed to bring up eth0.30. |
|
#brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br10 8000.000ffee6dd33 no eth0.10
vif1.0
br30 8000.000ffee6dd33 no eth0.30
|
|
#ifconfig br30
br30 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0f:fe:e6:dd:33
inet addr:192.168.30.5 Bcast:192.168.30.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
|
|
#vim /etc/network/interfaces
|
|
#~
#net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 |
|
#echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
|
|
#ssh debian2
Linux debian2 3.2.7 #1 SMP Thu Feb 23 17:56:02 EET 2012 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Fri Feb 24 12:26:06 2012 from debian5.unix.nt l3-agent is already running: pid=2681; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
|
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 7365 2 r----- 308.5 dom1 2 128 1 -b---- 2.7 |
|
#brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br20 8000.000ffe7eb92f no eth0.20
vif2.0
|
|
#ifconfig br20
br20 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0f:fe:7e:b9:2f
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
|
|
#ifconfig eth0.20
eth0.20 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0f:fe:7e:b9:2f
inet addr:192.168.20.2 Bcast:192.168.20.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::20f:feff:fe7e:b92f/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:83 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:13698 (13.3 KiB)
|
|
#xm console dom1
|
|
#ls /etc/rc2.d/*ssh*
/etc/rc2.d/S02ssh |
|
#exit
exit Connection to debian2 closed. |
|
#ssh debian3
Linux debian3 3.2.7 #1 SMP Thu Feb 23 17:56:02 EET 2012 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Fri Feb 24 12:25:10 2012 from debian5.unix.nt l3-agent is already running: pid=2605; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
|
#cat /etc/network/interfaces
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo eth0.30 eth0.40
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
allow-hotplug eth0 eth0.30 eth0.40
iface eth0 inet static
address 10.0.35.43
netmask 255.255.255.0
...
dns-search unix.nt
iface eth0.30 inet manual
up brctl addbr br30
up brctl addif br30 eth0.30
up ifconfig br30 192.168.30.3/24
# address 192.168.30.3
# netmask 255.255.255.0
iface eth0.40 inet static
address 192.168.40.3
netmask 255.255.255.0
|
|
#exit
exit Connection to debian3 closed. |
# /etc/modules: kernel modules to load at boot time. # # This file contains the names of kernel modules that should be loaded # at boot time, one per line. Lines beginning with "#" are ignored. # Parameters can be specified after the module name. loop
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo eth0.30 eth0.40
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
allow-hotplug eth0 eth0.30 eth0.40
iface eth0 inet static
address 10.0.35.43
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 10.0.35.0
broadcast 10.0.35.255
gateway 10.0.35.1
# dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed
dns-nameservers 10.0.35.1
dns-search unix.nt
iface eth0.30 inet manual
up brctl addbr br30
up brctl addif br30 eth0.30
up ifconfig br30 192.168.30.3/24
# address 192.168.30.3
# netmask 255.255.255.0
iface eth0.40 inet static
address 192.168.40.3
netmask 255.255.255.0
0
| Время первой команды журнала | 09:31:51 2012- 2-24 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Время последней команды журнала | 11:40:11 2012- 2-24 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 6.93 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 1.49 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 1.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
| Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|