/l3/users/kolya/nt-ladm-2006-03-13/linux3.unix.nt/user :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 |
|
$su
Password: |
#vi /etc/apt/sources.list
|
#apt-get update
Err http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/main Packages 404 Not Found Ign http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/main Release Err http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/contrib Packages 404 Not Found Ign http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/contrib Release Err http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/non-free Packages 404 Not Found Ign http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/non-free Release Failed to fetch http://ftp.3logic.net/debian/dists/unstable/main/binary-i386/Packages.gz 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://ftp.3logic.net/debian/dists/unstable/contrib/binary-i386/Packages.gz 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://ftp.3logic.net/debian/dists/unstable/non-free/binary-i386/Packages.gz 404 Not Found Reading Package Lists... Done W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.3logic.net_debian_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.3logic.net_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/non-free Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.3logic.net_debian_dists_unstable_non-free_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.3logic.net_debian_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.3logic.net_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/non-free Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.3logic.net_debian_dists_unstable_non-free_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems E: Some index files failed to download, they have been ignored, or old ones used instead. |
#vi /etc/apt/sources.list
|
#apt-get update
Err http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/main Packages 404 Not Found Ign http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/main Release Err http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/contrib Packages 404 Not Found Ign http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/contrib Release Err http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/non-free Packages 404 Not Found Ign http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/non-free Release Failed to fetch http://ftp.3logic.net/pub/debian/dists/unstable/main/binary-i386/Packages.gz 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://ftp.3logic.net/pub/debian/dists/unstable/contrib/binary-i386/Packages.gz 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://ftp.3logic.net/pub/debian/dists/unstable/non-free/binary-i386/Packages.gz 404 Not Found Reading Package Lists... Done W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.3logic.net_pub_debian_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.3logic.net_pub_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.3logic.net unstable/non-free Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.3logic.net_pub_debian_dists_unstable_non-free_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems E: Some index files failed to download, they have been ignored, or old ones used instead. |
#ftp ftp.3logic.net
Connected to borg.3logic.net. 220 ProFTPD 1.2.10 Server (FTP 3Logic Net (sorry KHERSON only)) [195.38.16.4] Name (ftp.3logic.net:root): anonymous 331 Anonymous login ok, send your complete email address as your password. Password: 230- 230- Welcome to the FTP Server of the TriLogiC Group, Ltd. 230- Kherson, Ukraine. 230- 230-ftp://ftp.3logic.net/ sorry: Kherson only ... 230- 230- UA-IX: http://noc.ua-ix.net.ua/ua-list.txt 230- 230-If have any unusual problems, please report them 230-via e-mail to <rsync@3logic.net>. 230- 230 Anonymous access granted, restrictions apply. Remote system type is UNIX. Using binary mode to transfer files. ftp> 221 Goodbye. |
#vi /etc/apt/sources.list
|
#apt-get update
Get:1 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main Packages [4018kB] Get:2 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main Release [82B] Get:3 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/contrib Packages [56,3kB] Get:4 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/contrib Release [85B] Get:5 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/non-free Packages [72,7kB] Get:6 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/non-free Release [86B] Fetched 4147kB in 1m12s (57,6kB/s) Reading Package Lists... Done |
#apt-get upgrade
Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done The following packages have been kept back: abiword-common abiword-gnome adduser amor analog apache2 apache2-common apache2-mpm-prefork apt apt-utils aptitude ark arts artsbuilder aspell-en at atlantik atlantikdesigner base-config base-passwd bash bc bind9-host binutils bison bluefish bsdmainutils bsdutils bug-buddy bzip2 capplets-data cdrecord console-common console-tools coreutils cpio cpp cpp-3.3 cron cvs dash dc dcoprss debianutils dhcp-client dia-common dia-gnome dia-libs dictd dictzip discover1 discover1-data dnsutils dosfstools dpkg dpkg-dev dselect e2fslibs e2fsprogs eject enscript eog epiphany-browser esound evolution evolution-data-server eyesapplet fam fdutils fifteenapplet file file-roller findutils finger flex fontconfig fortune-mod ftp g++ g++-3.3 gcalctool gcc gcc-3.3 gcc-3.3-base gconf-editor gconf2 gdb gdm gedit gedit-common ... xfonts-intl-european xfonts-scalable xlibmesa-dri xlibs xlibs-data 116 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 679 not upgraded. Need to get 2850kB/114MB of archives. After unpacking 1127kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Get:1 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main openoffice.org-l10n-ru 2.0.2-1 [2656kB] Get:2 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main ttf-opensymbol 2.0.2-1 [154kB] Get:3 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main ucf 2.007 [40,1kB] Fetched 2850kB in 42s (66,4kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... |
#apt-get upgrade -h
apt 0.5.28.1 for linux i386 compiled on Jan 10 2005 14:25:31 Usage: apt-get [options] command apt-get [options] install|remove pkg1 [pkg2 ...] apt-get [options] source pkg1 [pkg2 ...] apt-get is a simple command line interface for downloading and installing packages. The most frequently used commands are update and install. Commands: update - Retrieve new lists of packages upgrade - Perform an upgrade ... -f Attempt to continue if the integrity check fails -m Attempt to continue if archives are unlocatable -u Show a list of upgraded packages as well -b Build the source package after fetching it -V Show verbose version numbers -c=? Read this configuration file -o=? Set an arbitary configuration option, eg -o dir::cache=/tmp See the apt-get(8), sources.list(5) and apt.conf(5) manual pages for more information and options. This APT has Super Cow Powers. |
#apt-get install konqueror
Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done The following extra packages will be installed: akregator amor ark arts artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner dcoprss debianutils dirmngr e2fslibs e2fsprogs eyesapplet fifteenapplet fontconfig fontconfig-config gcc-4.0-base gconf2 gconf2-common gettext gnome-about gnome-applets-data gnome-keyring gnome-menus gnome-panel-data gnupg-agent gnupg2 gpgsm initscripts kaboodle kaddressbook kaddressbook-plugins kalarm kalzium kalzium-data kamera kanagram kandy kappfinder karm kasteroids kate kate-plugins katomic kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch kcalc kcharselect kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat kde-i18n-ru kdeaddons kdeaddons-kfile-plugins kdeadmin kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-style kdeartwork-theme-window kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelibs kdelibs-bin kdelibs-data ... Get:1 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main libssl0.9.8 0.9.8a-8 [2693kB] Get:2 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main libperl5.8 5.8.8-3 [533kB] Get:3 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main perl-modules 5.8.8-3 [2319kB] Get:4 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main perl-base 5.8.8-3 [751kB] Get:5 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main perl 5.8.8-3 [3570kB] Get:6 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main libusb-0.1-4 2:0.1.11-6 [18,4kB] Get:7 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main perl-suid 5.8.8-3 [30,7kB] Fetched 9915kB in 1s (7218kB/s) E: This installation run will require temporarily removing the essential package e2fsprogs due to a Conflicts/Pre-Depends loop. This is often bad, but if you really want to do it, activate the APT::Force-LoopBreak option. E: Internal Error, Could not early remove e2fsprogs |
#apt-get install kde
Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done kde is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 679 not upgraded. |
$clear
|
$ls -l
total 20 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 4096 Mar 16 14:56 Desktop drwx------ 2 user user 4096 Mar 15 16:37 Mail -rw------- 1 root root 2614 Mar 15 15:16 john.pot -rw------- 1 user user 1344 Mar 15 15:46 mbox -rw------- 1 root root 72 Mar 15 15:16 restore |
$cd /
|
$ls -
ls: -: No such file or directory |
$ls -
ls: -: No such file or directory |
$ls -1
bin boot cdrom dev disk etc flash home initrd initrd.img ... opt proc root sbin srv sys tmp usr var vmlinuz |
$cd
|
$ d
bash: d: command not found |
$[user@linux3:user]$
apmount apogee_ppi apple_cp apple_mv apple_rm appletproxy appres apropos apt-cache apt-cdrom ... composite conjure consolechars continue convert cowsay cowthink cp cpan cpio |
$k
bash: k: command not found |
$apt-cache search icq
licq-plugin-qt - graphical user interface plug-in for Licq using Qt licq-plugin-rms - remote management server plug-in for telnet Licq access lyskom-server - Server for the LysKOM conference system psi - Jabber client using Qt python-twisted-words - Chat and Instant Messaging python2.3-twisted-words - Chat and Instant Messaging python2.4-twisted-words - Chat and Instant Messaging sim - Simple Instant Messenger wmbiff - A dockable app that displays information about mailboxes xmms-modplug - ModPlug plugin for XMMS ysm - A powerful ICQ console client libmodplug0 - ModPlug mod-like music shared libraries |
$apt-cache search icqlicq licq
W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/non-free Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_non-free_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/non-free Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_non-free_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) |
$[user@linux3:user]$ apt-cache search licq
licq - ICQ client (base files) licq-plugin-qt - graphical user interface plug-in for Licq using Qt W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/non-free Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_non-free_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/non-free Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_non-free_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) |
$apt-cache search licq
licq - ICQ client (base files) licq-plugin-qt - graphical user interface plug-in for Licq using Qt W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/non-free Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_non-free_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) W: Couldn't stat source package list http://ftp.debian.org unstable/non-free Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/ftp.debian.org_debian_dists_unstable_non-free_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory) |
$[user@linux3:user]$ su
Password: |
#apt-get insrall licq
E: Invalid operation insrall |
#apt-get install licq
Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done licq is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 383 not upgraded. |
#apt-cache search icq
alicq - Flexible ICQ client in pure Tcl/Tk ayttm - Universal Instant Messaging Client bitlbee - An IRC to other chat networks gateway centericq - A text-mode multi-protocol instant messenger client centericq-common - A text-mode multi-protocol instant messenger client (data files) centericq-fribidi - A text-mode multi-protocol instant messenger client (Hebrew) centericq-utf8 - A text-mode multi-protocol instant messenger client gabber - A GNOME Jabber client gabber2 - jabber client for the GNOME desktop gaim - multi-protocol instant messaging client ... lyskom-server - Server for the LysKOM conference system psi - Jabber client using Qt python-twisted-words - Chat and Instant Messaging python2.3-twisted-words - Chat and Instant Messaging python2.4-twisted-words - Chat and Instant Messaging sim - Simple Instant Messenger wmbiff - A dockable app that displays information about mailboxes xmms-modplug - ModPlug plugin for XMMS ysm - A powerful ICQ console client libmodplug0 - ModPlug mod-like music shared libraries |
#[root@linux3:user]# apt-cache search icq
alicq - Flexible ICQ client in pure Tcl/Tk ayttm - Universal Instant Messaging Client bitlbee - An IRC to other chat networks gateway centericq - A text-mode multi-protocol instant messenger client centericq-common - A text-mode multi-protocol instant messenger client (data files) centericq-fribidi - A text-mode multi-protocol instant messenger client (Hebrew) centericq-utf8 - A text-mode multi-protocol instant messenger client gabber - A GNOME Jabber client gabber2 - jabber client for the GNOME desktop gaim - multi-protocol instant messaging client ... lyskom-server - Server for the LysKOM conference system psi - Jabber client using Qt python-twisted-words - Chat and Instant Messaging python2.3-twisted-words - Chat and Instant Messaging python2.4-twisted-words - Chat and Instant Messaging sim - Simple Instant Messenger wmbiff - A dockable app that displays information about mailboxes xmms-modplug - ModPlug plugin for XMMS ysm - A powerful ICQ console client libmodplug0 - ModPlug mod-like music shared libraries |
#[root@linux3:user]# apt-get install licq-plugin-kde
Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: licq-plugin-kde 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 383 not upgraded. E: Could not get lock /var/cache/apt/archives/lock - open (11 Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock the download directory |
#apt-get install licq-plugin-kde
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11 Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it? |
#exit
exit |
$[user@linux3:user]$ bitmap
Error: Can't open display: |
$boot-admin
(boot-admin:20368): Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display: |
$boot-admin -h
(boot-admin:20392): Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display: |
$cc
cc: no input files |
$cmp
cmp: missing operand after `cmp' cmp: Try `cmp --help' for more information. |
$cmp -h
cmp: invalid option -- h cmp: Try `cmp --help' for more information. |
$cmp --help
Usage: cmp [OPTION]... FILE1 [FILE2 [SKIP1 [SKIP2]]] Compare two files byte by byte. -b --print-bytes Print differing bytes. -i SKIP --ignore-initial=SKIP Skip the first SKIP bytes of input. -i SKIP1:SKIP2 --ignore-initial=SKIP1:SKIP2 Skip the first SKIP1 bytes of FILE1 and the first SKIP2 bytes of FILE2. -l --verbose Output byte numbers and values of all differing bytes. -n LIMIT --bytes=LIMIT Compare at most LIMIT bytes. -s --quiet --silent Output nothing; yield exit status only. -v --version Output version info. --help Output this help. SKIP1 and SKIP2 are the number of bytes to skip in each file. SKIP values may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes: kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1,000,000, M 1,048,576, GB 1,000,000,000, G 1,073,741,824, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y. If a FILE is `-' or missing, read standard input. Report bugs to <bug-gnu-utils@gnu.org>. |
$cmp --help
Usage: cmp [OPTION]... FILE1 [FILE2 [SKIP1 [SKIP2]]] Compare two files byte by byte. -b --print-bytes Print differing bytes. -i SKIP --ignore-initial=SKIP Skip the first SKIP bytes of input. -i SKIP1:SKIP2 --ignore-initial=SKIP1:SKIP2 Skip the first SKIP1 bytes of FILE1 and the first SKIP2 bytes of FILE2. -l --verbose Output byte numbers and values of all differing bytes. -n LIMIT --bytes=LIMIT Compare at most LIMIT bytes. -s --quiet --silent Output nothing; yield exit status only. -v --version Output version info. --help Output this help. SKIP1 and SKIP2 are the number of bytes to skip in each file. SKIP values may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes: kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1,000,000, M 1,048,576, GB 1,000,000,000, G 1,073,741,824, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y. If a FILE is `-' or missing, read standard input. Report bugs to <bug-gnu-utils@gnu.org>. |
$[user@linux3:user]$ cowthink
l;k; |
$cowthink -h
cow{say,think} version 3.03, (c) 1999 Tony Monroe Usage: cowthink [-bdgpstwy] [-h] [-e eyes] [-f cowfile] [-l] [-n] [-T tongue] [-W wrapcolumn] [message] |
$cowthink -f
|
$cowthink -F
Unknown option: F |
$cowthink -l
Cow files in /usr/share/cowsay/cows: apt beavis.zen bong bud-frogs bunny cheese cower daemon default dragon dragon-and-cow elephant elephant-in-snake eyes flaming-sheep ghostbusters head-in hellokitty kiss kitty koala kosh luke-koala mech-and-cow meow milk moofasa moose mutilated ren satanic sheep skeleton small sodomized sodomized-sheep stegosaurus stimpy supermilker surgery telebears three-eyes turkey turtle tux udder vader vader-koala www |
$cowthink bong
______ ( bong ) ------ o ^__^ o (oo)\_______ (__)\ )\/\ ||----w | || || |
$[user@linux3:user]$ apt-cache search apti
apt-index-watcher - Updater for apt-front indexes apticron - cron-script to mail impending apt updates aptitude - terminal-based apt frontend aptitude-doc-cs - Czech manual for aptitude, a terminal-based apt frontend aptitude-doc-en - English manual for aptitude, a terminal-based apt frontend aptitude-doc-fi - Finnish manual for aptitude, a terminal-based apt frontend aptitude-doc-fr - French manual for aptitude, a terminal-based apt frontend avida-base - Auto-adaptive genetic system for Artificial Life research avida-qt-viewer - qt viewer for avida avida-viewer - ncurses viewer for avida ... ogle-mmx - DVD player with support for DVD menus phpgroupware-eldaptir - phpGroupWare LDAP tree editor module pkgsync - automated package list synchronization preload - an adaptive readahead daemon qsynaptics - A QT application to configure Synaptic TouchPad scrabble - Popular crossword game synaptic - Graphical package manager tpconfig - configure touchpad devices xfree86-driver-synaptics - Synaptics TouchPad driver for X.Org/XFree86 server zvbi - video Blank Interval (VBI) proxy daemon and wrapper |
$[user@linux3:user]$
kmid kmines kmix kmixctrl kmplot knetattach knewstickerstub knode knotes kodo ... leaftoppm less lessecho lessfile lesskey lesspipe let lex lexgrog libnetcfg |
$[user@linux3:user]$ apt-get install aptitude
E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13 Permission denied) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), are you root? |
$su
Password: |
#apt-get install sudo
Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: sudo 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 340 not upgraded. Need to get 160kB of archives. After unpacking 385kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main sudo 1.6.8p12-1 [160kB] Fetched 160kB in 2s (59.5kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package sudo. (Reading database ... 105158 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking sudo (from .../sudo_1.6.8p12-1_i386.deb) ... Setting up sudo (1.6.8p12-1) ... No /etc/sudoers found... creating one for you. |
#vi /etc/sudoers
|
#[root@linux3:user]# apt-get install aptitude
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11 Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it? |
#apt-get install aptitude
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11 Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it? |
#w
15:25:12 up 1:04, 4 users, load average: 0.14, 0.59, 0.61 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT user tty2 - 14:59 10:52 0.05s 0.03s script -f -q /h user tty3 - 15:02 0.00s 0.22s 0.05s script -f -q /h user :0 - 15:18 ?xdm? 1:02 0.68s x-session-manag root pts/1 linux.nt 14:23 40.00s 0.39s 0.04s script -f -q /r |
#last
user :0 Thu Mar 16 15:18 still logged in user :0 Thu Mar 16 15:09 - 15:18 (00:09) user tty3 Thu Mar 16 15:02 still logged in root pts/3 linux.nt Thu Mar 16 15:00 - 15:01 (00:00) user tty2 Thu Mar 16 14:59 still logged in root pts/3 linux.nt Thu Mar 16 14:59 - 15:00 (00:00) root pts/3 linux.nt Thu Mar 16 14:59 - 14:59 (00:00) user :0 Thu Mar 16 14:56 - 15:09 (00:12) user :0 Thu Mar 16 14:55 - 14:56 (00:01) user :0 Thu Mar 16 14:41 - 14:55 (00:13) ... user tty1 Wed Mar 15 12:37 - 14:39 (02:02) user :0 Wed Mar 15 12:20 - 12:50 (00:30) user :0 Wed Mar 15 12:08 - 12:19 (00:11) user tty1 Wed Mar 15 12:04 - 12:30 (00:26) user :0 Wed Mar 15 12:01 - 12:03 (00:02) root tty2 Wed Mar 15 11:55 - 12:15 (00:19) user tty1 Wed Mar 15 11:54 - 12:04 (00:09) user :0 Wed Mar 15 11:52 - 12:01 (00:08) reboot system boot 2.6.8-2-686-smp Wed Mar 15 13:22 (03:40) wtmp begins Wed Mar 15 13:22:53 2006 |
#[root@linux3:user]# ioport -h
inb [-i <index>] <port> inw [-i <index>] <port> inl [-i <index>] <port> outb [-i <index>] <port> <value> outw [-i <index>] <port> <value> outl [-i <index>] <port> <value> |
#ioport
inb [-i <index>] <port> inw [-i <index>] <port> inl [-i <index>] <port> outb [-i <index>] <port> <value> outw [-i <index>] <port> <value> outl [-i <index>] <port> <value> |
#[root@linux3:user]# exit
exit |
$[user@linux3:user]$ isoinfo
isoinfo: No such file or directory. Cannot open '/dev/sg*'. Cannot open SCSI driver. isoinfo: No such file or directory. Unable to open 1,5,0 |
$isoinfo -h
isoinfo: Usage: isoinfo [options] -i filename Options: -help,-h Print this help -version Print version info and exit -debug Print additional debug info -d Print information from the primary volume descriptor -f Generate output similar to 'find . -print' -J Print information from Joliet extensions -j charset Use charset to display Joliet file names -l Generate output similar to 'ls -lR' -p Print Path Table -R Print information from Rock Ridge extensions -s Print file size infos in multiples of sector size (2048 bytes). -N sector Sector number where ISO image should start on CD -T sector Sector number where actual session starts on CD -i filename Filename to read ISO-9660 image from dev=target SCSI target to use as CD/DVD-Recorder -x pathname Extract specified file to stdout |
$[user@linux3:user]$ kdepasswd
ERROR: KUniqueApplication: Can't determine DISPLAY. Aborting. |
$kdepasswd -h
kdepasswd: ??????????? ???????? '-h'. kdepasswd: ??????????? --help ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????. |
$kdepasswd -h
kdepasswd: Неизвестный параметр '-h'. kdepasswd: Используйте --help для вывода списка доступных параметров командной строки. |
$kdepasswd --help
Применение: kdepasswd [параметры Qt] [параметры KDE] [user] Изменяет пароль в UNIX. Общие параметры: --help Показать справку о параметрах --help-qt Показать специфические параметры Qt --help-kde Показать специфические параметры KDE --help-all Показать все параметры --author Показать сведения об авторе -v, --version Показать сведения о версии --license Показать сведения о лицензии -- Конец параметров Аргументы: user Изменить пароль данного пользователя |
$kdepasswd --license
Copyright (c) 2000 Geert Jansen Программа распространяется на условиях Artistic License. The "Artistic License" Preamble The intent of this document is to state the conditions under which a Package may be copied, such that the Copyright Holder maintains some semblance of artistic control over the development of the package, while giving the users of the package the right to use and distribute the Package in a more-or-less customary fashion, plus the right to make reasonable modifications. ... when no overt attempt is made to make this Package's interfaces visible to the end user of the commercial distribution. Such use shall not be construed as a distribution of this Package. The name of the Copyright Holder may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS PACKAGE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. The End |
$xinit
exit X: user not authorized to run the X server, aborting. xinit: Server error. |
$ssh user@linux4
Password: |
$xinit
X: user not authorized to run the X server, aborting. xinit: Server error. |
$exit
exit Connection to linux4 closed. |
$sudo
exit usage: sudo -K | -L | -V | -h | -k | -l | -v usage: sudo [-HPSb] [-p prompt] [-u username|#uid] { -e file [...] | -i | -s | <command> } |
$apt-cache search background
blt - the BLT extension library for Tcl/Tk - run-time package blt-demo - the BLT extension library for Tcl/Tk - demos and examples blt-dev - the BLT extension library for Tcl/Tk - development files cadubi - Creative ASCII Drawing Utility By Ian came - Rewrite of the xawtv webcam app using imlib2 cd-circleprint - prints round cd-labels chameleon - Application for putting pictures or color in the root window chbg - tool for changing the desktop background image in X11 chrony - Sets your computer's clock from time servers on the Net cinepaint - motion picture image painting and retouching tool ... xcftools - command-line tools for extracting data for XCF files xcolmix - an RGB colour mixer xdesktopwaves - Simulation of water waves on the X Window System xfce4-notes-plugin - Sticky notes plugin for the Xfce4 desktop xfdesktop4 - Provides desktop background and root menu xfishtank - turns your X root into an aquarium xlbiff - X Literate Biff. Displays From and Subject lines of your new mail xstarfish - X wallpaper generator xtoolwait - Allows to start X applications serially xvfb - virtual framebuffer X server |
$apt-cache search wallpaper
gsetroot - a C/Gtk-based front-end for Esetroot habak - utility for creating multi-layered backgrounds in X11 hsetroot - tool for compose root-pixmaps for X11 kali - Draw tilings, frieze patterns, and so on kde-wallpapers-lineartreworked - Some reworks of the lineart background that comes with KDE 3.4 kdeartwork - themes, styles and more from the official KDE release kdewallpapers - wallpapers released with KDE kipi-plugins - image manipulation/handling plugins for KIPI aware programs telak - display remote or local pictures on your desktop wallpaper-tray - wallpaper changing utility for GNOME xfce4-artwork - additional artwork for the XFce4 Desktop Environment xstarfish - X wallpaper generator |
$su
# Host alias specification # User alias specification "/etc/sudoers" [только для чтения] 18L, 320C # Cmnd alias specification # User privilege specification ~ ~ ~ ~ root@linux3:/home/user# exit exit |
$sudo apt-get install kdewallpapers
We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things: #1) Respect the privacy of others. #2) Think before you type. #3) With great power comes great responsibility. Password: Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done kdewallpapers is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 339 not upgraded. |
$dpkg -L kdewallpapers
/. /usr /usr/share /usr/share/doc /usr/share/doc/kdewallpapers /usr/share/doc/kdewallpapers/copyright /usr/share/doc/kdewallpapers/changelog.Debian.gz /usr/share/wallpapers /usr/share/wallpapers/mystical_rightturn.jpg /usr/share/wallpapers/fulmine.jpg.desktop ... /usr/share/wallpapers/blue_angle_swirl.jpg /usr/share/wallpapers/fulmine.jpg /usr/share/wallpapers/gear-flowers.svgz.desktop /usr/share/wallpapers/kraftwurm.jpg /usr/share/wallpapers/Appropriately-Left-Handed-2.jpg /usr/share/wallpapers/gear-flowers.svgz /usr/share/wallpapers/vegetative_fog.jpg /usr/share/wallpapers/bluegreencrisscross.jpg /usr/share/wallpapers/Water01.jpg /usr/share/wallpapers/The-Good-Times-1.jpg |
$sudo apt-get install gqview
Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree... Done Suggested packages: xpaint The following NEW packages will be installed: gqview 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 339 not upgraded. Need to get 736kB of archives. After unpacking 2032kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://ftp.debian.org unstable/main gqview 2.0.1-1 [736kB] Fetched 736kB in 16s (43.3kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package gqview. (Reading database ... 105186 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking gqview (from .../gqview_2.0.1-1_i386.deb) ... Setting up gqview (2.0.1-1) ... |
$gqview /usr/share/wallpapers/
Создаем каталог GQview/home/user/.gqview Создаем каталог GQview/home/user/.gqview/collections Создаем каталог GQview/home/user/.gqview/thumbnails Создаем каталог GQview/home/user/.gqview/metadata |
$su
Password: |
$xvidtune
backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/bin/sh list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/bin/sh irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/bin/sh gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/bin/sh nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/bin/sh Debian-exim:x:102:102::/var/spool/exim4:/bin/false user:x:1000:1000:user,,,:/home/user:/bin/bash dictd:x:103:103::/var/lib/dictd:/bin/false identd:x:100:65534::/var/run/identd:/bin/false sshd:x:101:65534::/var/run/sshd:/bin/false ... saned:x:109:109::/home/saned:/bin/false Vendor: , Model: gdm:x:105:110:Gnome Display Manager:/var/lib/gdm:/bin/false Num hsync: 1, Num vsync: 1 ~ hsync range 0: 28.00 - 80.00 ~ vsync range 0: 43.00 - 100.00 ~ 28,1 Весь Video are not settable on this chip |
$xrandr
SZ: Pixels Physical Refresh *0 1024 x 768 ( 321mm x 241mm ) *85 1 800 x 600 ( 321mm x 241mm ) 86 2 640 x 480 ( 321mm x 241mm ) 86 Current rotation - normal Current reflection - none Rotations possible - normal Reflections possible - none |
$sudo apt-get install openoffice.org
Setting up openoffice.org-impress (2.0.2-1) ... Setting up openoffice.org-math (2.0.2-1) ... Setting up openoffice.org-java-common (2.0.2-1) ... Setting up openoffice.org-base (2.0.2-1) ... Setting up openoffice.org (2.0.2-1) ... |
$oof
ooffice oofromtemplate |
$oof
ooffice oofromtemplate |
$oof
ooffice oofromtemplate |
$ooffice
Ñ [1]+ Stopped ooffice |
$bg
[1]+ ooffice & |
$apt-cache search openoffice.org | grep ua
myspell-lt - myspell dictionary for Lithuanian (LT) openoffice.org-hyphenation-lt - Lithuanian hyphenation pattern for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-af - Afrikaans language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-be-by - Belarussian language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-bg - Bulgarian language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-bn - Bengali language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-bs - Bosnian language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-ca - Catalan language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-cs - Czech language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-cy - Welsh language package for OpenOffice.org ... openoffice.org-l10n-th - Thai language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-tn - Tswana language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-tr - Turkish language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-ts - Tsonga language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-vi - Vietnamese language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-xh - Xhosa language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-zh-cn - Chinese_simplified language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-zh-tw - Chinese_traditional language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-l10n-zu - Zulu language package for OpenOffice.org openoffice.org-math - OpenOffice.org office suite - equation editor |
$apt-cache search openoffice.org | grep -- -ua
|
$apt-cache search openoffice.org | grep lang | less
|
$[user@linux3:user]$ su
Password: |
#[root@linux3:user]# exot
bash: exot: command not found |
#exit
exit |
Время первой команды журнала | 14:19:40 2006- 3-16 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 12:02:00 2006- 3-17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 28.71 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 7.92 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 2.54 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 0.66 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008