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Журнал

Четверг (06/29/06)

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Журнал

Четверг (06/29/06)

/dev/pts/2

11:11:43

#[root@linux1:mail]# mail

No mail for root

11:11:47

#mail

No mail for root

11:13:00

#[root@linux1:mail]# echo test | mail user@linux2.unix.nt

/dev/pts/8

11:18:38

#vi /etc/mail/sendmail.mc

/dev/pts/2

11:25:08

#echo test | mail user@linux2.unix.nt

11:26:57

#echo testmail | mail root@linux2.unix.nt

11:27:25

#mail

No mail for root

11:27:29

#mail

No mail for root

11:30:39

#[root@linux1:mail]# mail

No mail for root

11:32:19

#netstat -lnp | grep :25

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     6142/sendmail: MTA:

11:34:21

#[root@linux1:mail]# mail

No mail for root

11:43:36

#[root@linux1:mail]# iptables

iptables v1.2.11: no command specified
Try `iptables -h' or 'iptables --help' for more information.

11:49:07

#iptables -L

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

11:49:16

#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

11:50:25

#iptables -L

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:ssh
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

11:50:27

#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --syn -j DROP

11:51:01

#iptables -L

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:ssh
DROP       tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp flags:SYN,RST,ACK/SYN
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

11:51:03

#iptables -?

iptables v1.2.11: Unknown arg `-?'
Try `iptables -h' or 'iptables --help' for more information.

11:51:16

#iptables -h

iptables v1.2.11
Usage: iptables -[AD] chain rule-specification [options]
       iptables -[RI] chain rulenum rule-specification [options]
       iptables -D chain rulenum [options]
       iptables -[LFZ] [chain] [options]
       iptables -[NX] chain
       iptables -E old-chain-name new-chain-name
       iptables -P chain target [options]
       iptables -h (print this help information)
Commands:
...
  --out-interface -o [!] output name[+]
                                network interface name ([+] for wildcard)
  --table       -t table        table to manipulate (default: `filter')
  --verbose     -v              verbose mode
  --line-numbers                print line numbers when listing
  --exact       -x              expand numbers (display exact values)
[!] --fragment  -f              match second or further fragments only
  --modprobe=<command>          try to insert modules using this command
  --set-counters PKTS BYTES     set the counter during insert/append
[!] --version   -V              print package version.

11:51:19

#iptables -F

11:51:50

#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

11:51:53

#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 587 -j ACCEPT

/dev/pts/8

11:54:42

#netstat -lnp

Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:773             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     2711/rpc.statd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:7               0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     2576/inetd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:587             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     6142/sendmail: MTA:
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     2043/portmap
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:113             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     2576/inetd
tcp        0      0 192.168.15.1:53         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     3772/named
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:53            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     3772/named
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     6142/sendmail: MTA:
...
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     4719     2599/xfs            /tmp/.font-unix/fs7100
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     7269     3479/artsd          /tmp/mcop-user/linux1_unix_nt-0d97-44a37358
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     7164     3463/kdeinit Runnin /tmp/ksocket-user/kdeinit__0
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     7166     3463/kdeinit Runnin /tmp/ksocket-user/kdeinit-:0
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     7193     3468/kdeinit: klaun /tmp/ksocket-user/klauncher1mKrHb.slave-socket
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     7172     3466/kdeinit: dcops /tmp/.ICE-unix/dcop3466-1151562582
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     7328     3484/kdeinit: ksmse /tmp/.ICE-unix/3484
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     8084     3772/named          /var/run/ndc
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     4688     2580/lpd            /dev/printer
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     12779    6142/sendmail: MTA: /var/run/sendmail/mta/smcontrol

11:58:05

#su -user

su: invalid option -- u
Usage: su [OPTS] [-] [username [ARGS]]
        -       make this a login shell
        -c, --command=<command>
                pass command to the invoked shell using its -c
                option
       -m, -p, --preserve-environment
                do not reset environment variables, and keep the
                same shell
       -s, --shell=<shell>
                use shell instead of the default in /etc/passwd

/dev/pts/2

11:58:29

#iptables -L

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:ssh
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:submission
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

11:58:33

#iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --syn -j DROP

11:58:44

#iptables -L

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:ssh
ACCEPT     tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp dpt:submission
DROP       tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere            tcp flags:SYN,RST,ACK/SYN
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination

11:58:46

#[root@linux1:mail]# echo new mail | mail user@linux2.unix.nt

11:59:33

#pas

passwd  paste

11:59:33

#less /etc/pa

11:59:33

#less /etc/passwd | mail user

12:00:52

#less /etc/passwd | mail user@linux2.unix.nt

/dev/pts/8

12:01:00

#su -u user

su: invalid option -- u
Usage: su [OPTS] [-] [username [ARGS]]
        -       make this a login shell
        -c, --command=<command>
                pass command to the invoked shell using its -c
                option
       -m, -p, --preserve-environment
                do not reset environment variables, and keep the
                same shell
       -s, --shell=<shell>
                use shell instead of the default in /etc/passwd

12:01:04

#su - user

12:01:09

$[user@linux1:user]$ mail

Mail version 8.1.2 01/15/2001.  Type ? for help.
"/var/mail/user": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 root@localhost.lo  Thu Jun 29 12:00   39/1686
& t 1
& d 1
& tsage 1:localhost.localdomain  Thu Jun 29 12:00:52 2006
No applicable messagescaldomain  Thu Jun 29 12:00:52 2006
& qe: Thu, 29 Jun 2006 12:00:47 +0300n>
From: root <root@localhost.localdomain>
To: user@localhost.localdomain
...
user:x:1000:1000:user,,,:/home/user:/bin/bashe
identd:x:100:65534::/var/run/identd:/bin/false
sshd:x:101:65534::/var/run/sshd:/bin/false
saned:x:106:106::/home/saned:/bin/false/var/lib/sendmail:/bin/false
smmta:x:103:107:Mail Transfer Agent,,,:/var/lib/sendmail:/bin/falsealse
smmsp:x:104:108:Mail Submission Program,,,:/var/lib/sendmail:/bin/false
~
~
~
~

/dev/pts/2

12:02:05

#less /etc/s | mail user@linux2.unix.nt

sane.d       security     shadow       shells       ssh          sysctl.conf
securetty    services     shadow-      skel         sudoers      syslog.conf

12:02:05

#less /etc/shadow | mail user@linux2.unix.nt

12:02:52

#nmap 195.95.210.89

top - 12:12:13 up  2:55,  1 user,  load average: 0.18, 0.12, 0.07
Tasks:  81 total,   1 running,  80 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  2.7% us,  2.0% sy,  0.0% ni, 95.3% id,  0.0% wa,  0.0% hi,  0.0% si
Mem:   1027912k total,   339540k used,   688372k free,    43484k buffers
  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
Swap:   976712k total,        0k used,   976712k free,   175204k cached
 3372 root      15   0  147m  15m 133m S  2.3  1.6   2:13.55 XFree86
 3479 user      15   0 56176 8872  11m S  1.0  0.9   0:43.42 artsd
 3505 user      15   0 31044  16m  26m S  0.7  1.7   0:45.34 kdeinit
 3492 user      15   0 30752  16m  27m S  0.3  1.6   0:06.82 kdeinit
...
  587 root      16   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.03 kjournald
  588 root      15   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.13 kjournald
  589 root      15   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.25 kjournald
  818 root      15   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 khubd
 2043 daemon    16   0  1608  452 1432 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 portmap
 2513 root      15   0  2256  776 2084 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.16 syslogd
 2516 root      16   0  2396 1484 1336 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.14 klogd
 2576 root      16   0  2236  720 2076 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.01 inetd
 2580 lp        18   0  2460  892 2264 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.00 lpd
 2584 root      18   0  2356  828 2180 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.00 pptpd

/dev/pts/8

12:04:45

$[user@linux1:user]$ el

elif  else

12:04:45

$pi

pi1toppm  pi3topbm  pic       pico      piconv    pidof     ping      ping6     pinky

12:04:45

$pine

bash: pine: command not found

/dev/pts/5

12:08:14

#kill ping

bash: kill: ping: no such pid

12:08:22

#kill 8185

bash: kill: (8185) - No such process

12:08:29

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8264  0.0  0.0  3732  724 pts/6    S+   12:08   0:00 grep ping

12:08:44

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8271  0.0  0.0  3600  544 pts/6    R+   12:08   0:00 grep ping

12:08:48

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8278  0.0  0.0  3604  716 pts/6    R+   12:08   0:00 grep ping

12:08:49

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8285  0.0  0.0  3732  724 pts/6    S+   12:08   0:00 grep ping

12:08:50

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8292  0.0  0.0  3732  724 pts/6    S+   12:08   0:00 grep ping

12:08:51

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8299  0.0  0.0  3732  724 pts/6    S+   12:08   0:00 grep ping

12:08:52

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8306  0.0  0.0  3732  724 pts/6    S+   12:08   0:00 grep ping

12:08:53

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8313  0.0  0.0  3732  724 pts/6    S+   12:08   0:00 grep ping

12:08:53

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8320  0.0  0.0  3604  716 pts/6    R+   12:08   0:00 grep ping

12:08:54

#ps aux |grep ping

12:08:56

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8334  0.0  0.0  3604  716 pts/6    R+   12:09   0:00 grep ping

12:08:57

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8341  0.0  0.0  3732  724 pts/6    S+   12:09   0:00 grep ping

12:08:58

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8348  0.0  0.0  3732  724 pts/6    S+   12:09   0:00 grep ping

12:08:59

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8355  0.0  0.0  3732  724 pts/6    S+   12:09   0:00 grep ping

12:09:00

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8362  0.0  0.0  3732  724 pts/6    S+   12:09   0:00 grep ping

12:09:01

#ps aux |grep ping

12:10:00

#ps aux |grep ping

root      8390  0.0  0.0  1460  240 pts/6    R+   12:10   0:00 grep ping

12:10:02

#top

top - 12:11:00 up  2:54,  1 user,  load average: 0.09, 0.09, 0.05
Tasks:  78 total,   1 running,  77 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s): 11.5% us,  0.6% sy,  0.0% ni, 87.7% id,  0.0% wa,  0.2% hi,  0.0% si
PID to kill:
Mem:   1027912k total,   338108k used,   689804k free,    43132k buffers
  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
Swap:   976712k total,        0k used,   976712k free,   175080k cached
 6644 root      17   0 11096 7176 5568 S  5.4  0.7   0:36.53 l3-agent
  1,I       Toggle SMP view: '1' single/separate states; 'I' Irix/Solaris mode
 7848 user      17   0  9092 7108 3516 S  5.3  0.7   0:47.34 l3-agent
...
  325 root      15   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.14 kjournald
  586 root      15   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.46 kjournald
  587 root      16   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.03 kjournald
  588 root      15   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.13 kjournald
  589 root      15   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.24 kjournald
  818 root      15   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 khubd
 2043 daemon    16   0  1608  452 1432 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 portmap
 2513 root      16   0  2256  776 2084 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.16 syslogd
 2516 root      16   0  2396 1484 1336 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.14 klogd
 2576 root      16   0  2236  720 2076 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.01 inetd

12:11:13

#top | grep ping

Tasks:  79 total,   2 running,  77 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Tasks:  79 total,   2 running,  77 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Tasks:  79 total,   1 running,  78 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Tasks:  79 total,   2 running,  77 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Tasks:  79 total,   1 running,  78 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie

12:11:40

#top

top - 12:12:13 up  2:55,  1 user,  load average: 0.18, 0.12, 0.07
Tasks:  81 total,   1 running,  80 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  2.7% us,  2.0% sy,  0.0% ni, 95.3% id,  0.0% wa,  0.0% hi,  0.0% si
Mem:   1027912k total,   339540k used,   688372k free,    43484k buffers
  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
Swap:   976712k total,        0k used,   976712k free,   175204k cached
 3372 root      15   0  147m  15m 133m S  2.3  1.6   2:13.55 XFree86
 3479 user      15   0 56176 8872  11m S  1.0  0.9   0:43.42 artsd
 3505 user      15   0 31044  16m  26m S  0.7  1.7   0:45.34 kdeinit
 3492 user      15   0 30752  16m  27m S  0.3  1.6   0:06.82 kdeinit
...
  587 root      16   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.03 kjournald
  588 root      15   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.13 kjournald
  589 root      15   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.25 kjournald
  818 root      15   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 khubd
 2043 daemon    16   0  1608  452 1432 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 portmap
 2513 root      15   0  2256  776 2084 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.16 syslogd
 2516 root      16   0  2396 1484 1336 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.14 klogd
 2576 root      16   0  2236  720 2076 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.01 inetd
 2580 lp        18   0  2460  892 2264 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.00 lpd
 2584 root      18   0  2356  828 2180 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.00 pptpd

/dev/pts/2

12:13:30

#apt-get install screen

top - 12:12:13 up  2:55,  1 user,  load average: 0.18, 0.12, 0.07
Tasks:  81 total,   1 running,  80 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
Cpu(s):  2.7% us,  2.0% sy,  0.0% ni, 95.3% id,  0.0% wa,  0.0% hi,  0.0% si
Mem:   1027912k total,   339540k used,   688372k free,    43484k buffers
  PID USER      PR  NI  VIRT  RES  SHR S %CPU %MEM    TIME+  COMMAND
Swap:   976712k total,        0k used,   976712k free,   175204k cached
 3372 root      15   0  147m  15m 133m S  2.3  1.6   2:13.55 XFree86
 3479 user      15   0 56176 8872  11m S  1.0  0.9   0:43.42 artsd
 3505 user      15   0 31044  16m  26m S  0.7  1.7   0:45.34 kdeinit
 3492 user      15   0 30752  16m  27m S  0.3  1.6   0:06.82 kdeinit
...
(Reading database ... 63372 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking screen (from .../screen_4.0.2-4.1_i386.deb) ....13 kjournald
Setting up screen (4.0.2-4.1) ...    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.25 kjournald
  818 root      15   0     0    0    0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 khubd
 2043 daemon    16   0  1608  452 1432 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 portmap
 2513 root      15   0  2256  776 2084 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.16 syslogd
 2516 root      16   0  2396 1484 1336 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.14 klogd
 2576 root      16   0  2236  720 2076 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.01 inetd
 2580 lp        18   0  2460  892 2264 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.00 lpd
 2584 root      18   0  2356  828 2180 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.00 pptpd

12:13:47

#[root@linux1:mail]# apt-get install popa3

Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
E: Couldn't find package popa3

/dev/pts/5

12:15:08

bash: q: command not found

/dev/pts/2

12:15:51

#apt-get install popa3d

Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  debianutils e2fslibs e2fsprogs initscripts libc6 libc6-dev libdevmapper1.02 libselinux1 libsepol1 locales lsb-base
  mktemp sysv-rc sysvinit tzdata
Suggested packages:
  gpart parted e2fsck-static glibc-doc sysv-rc-conf bum
Recommended packages:
  exim4 mail-transport-agent
The following packages will be REMOVED:
...
The following packages will be upgraded:
  debianutils e2fslibs e2fsprogs initscripts libc6 libc6-dev locales sysv-rc sysvinit
9 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 3 to remove and 602 not upgraded.
Need to get 31,5kB/12,9MB of archives.
After unpacking 42,5MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://debian.org.ua testing/main popa3d 1.0.2-1 [31,5kB]
Fetched 31,5kB in 0s (128kB/s)
E: This installation run will require temporarily removing the essential package e2fsprogs due to a Conflicts/Pre-Depends loop. This is often bad, but if you really want to do it, activate the APT::Force-LoopBreak option.
E: Internal Error, Could not early remove e2fsprogs

12:16:05

Display all 148 possibilities? (y or n)

12:16:05

#/etc/init.d/popa3d start

bash: /etc/init.d/popa3d: No such file or directory

12:18:42

#apt-get install popa3d

Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  debianutils e2fslibs e2fsprogs initscripts libc6 libc6-dev libdevmapper1.02 libselinux1 libsepol1 locales lsb-base
  mktemp sysv-rc sysvinit tzdata
Suggested packages:
  gpart parted e2fsck-static glibc-doc sysv-rc-conf bum
Recommended packages:
  exim4 mail-transport-agent
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  base-config initrd-tools kernel-image-2.6.8-2-686-smp
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libdevmapper1.02 libselinux1 libsepol1 lsb-base mktemp popa3d tzdata
The following packages will be upgraded:
  debianutils e2fslibs e2fsprogs initscripts libc6 libc6-dev locales sysv-rc sysvinit
9 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 3 to remove and 602 not upgraded.
Need to get 0B/12,9MB of archives.
After unpacking 42,5MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
E: This installation run will require temporarily removing the essential package e2fsprogs due to a Conflicts/Pre-Depends loop. This is often bad, but if you really want to do it, activate the APT::Force-LoopBreak option.
E: Internal Error, Could not early remove e2fsprogs

12:19:23

#vi /etc/apt/sources.list

4,5c4,5
< #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main
< #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main
---
> deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main
> deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main

12:19:57

#apt-get install popa3d

Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  debianutils e2fslibs e2fsprogs initscripts libc6 libc6-dev libdevmapper1.02 libselinux1 libsepol1 locales lsb-base
  mktemp sysv-rc sysvinit tzdata
Suggested packages:
  gpart parted e2fsck-static glibc-doc sysv-rc-conf bum
Recommended packages:
  exim4 mail-transport-agent
The following packages will be REMOVED:
...
Need to get 0B/12,9MB of archives.
After unpacking 42,5MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-2%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)] unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-2%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-1%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-1%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems
E: This installation run will require temporarily removing the essential package e2fsprogs due to a Conflicts/Pre-Depends loop. This is often bad, but if you really want to do it, activate the APT::Force-LoopBreak option.
E: Internal Error, Could not early remove e2fsprogs

12:20:17

#/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/

bash: /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/: is a directory

12:21:15

#vi /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/70debconf

12:21:15

#vi /etc/apt/

12:21:15

#ssh 192.168.0.2

ssh: connect to host 192.168.0.2 port 22: No route to host

12:21:37

#vi /etc/apt/

12:21:37

#vi /etc/apt/apt.conf

12:22:07

#ssh 192.168.15.2

Enter passphrase for key '/root/.ssh/id_dsa':
Last login: Thu Jun 29 10:15:00 2006 from 192.168.15.15
Linux linux2.unix.nt 2.6.8-2-686-smp #1 SMP Mon Jan 24 02:32:52 EST 2005 i686
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
l3-agent is already running: pid=7841; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid
Agent pid 3641

12:22:37

#scp /etc/apt/apt.conf root@192.168.15.1:/etc/apt/apt.conf

apt.conf                                                                                 100%   59     0.1KB/s   00:00

12:23:33

#exit

exit
Connection to 192.168.15.2 closed.

12:24:58

#apt-get install popa3d

    I repeat, this is very dangerous. If at all in doubt, answer
    no. If you know exactly what you are doing, and are prepared to
    hose your system, then answer Yes.
Remove the running kernel image (not recommended) [No]?
dpkg: error processing kernel-image-2.6.8-2-686-smp (--remove):
 subprocess pre-removal script returned error exit status 1
dpkg: initrd-tools: dependency problems, but removing anyway as you request:
 kernel-image-2.6.8-2-686-smp depends on initrd-tools (>= 0.1.63).
Removing initrd-tools ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 kernel-image-2.6.8-2-686-smp
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-2%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)] unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-2%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-1%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-1%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

12:25:18

#[root@linux1:mail]# /etc/init.d/popa3d start

bash: /etc/init.d/popa3d: No such file or directory

12:25:41

#make

Updating auth ...
sasl2-bin not installed, not configuring sendmail support.
To enable sendmail SASL2 support at a later date, invoke "/usr/share/sendmail/update_auth"
Updating tls ...
OpenSSL is not installed, will not configure sendmail support for it.
to install openssl, get openssl.
To enable sendmail TLS support at a later date, invoke "/usr/share/sendmail/update_tls"
Creating /etc/mail/relay-domains
# Optional file...
The following file(s) have changed:
** ** You should issue `/etc/init.d/sendmail reload` ** **

12:25:55

#[root@linux1:mail]# apt-get update

Err cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Packages
  Please use apt-cdrom to make this CD recognized by APT. apt-get update cannot be used to add new CDs
Ign cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Release
Err cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)] unstable/main Packages
  Please use apt-cdrom to make this CD recognized by APT. apt-get update cannot be used to add new CDs
Ign cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)] unstable/main Release
Err cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Packages
  Please use apt-cdrom to make this CD recognized by APT. apt-get update cannot be used to add new CDs
Ign cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Release
Err cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/main Packages
...
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-2%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)] unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-2%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-1%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-1%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-2%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)] unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-2%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-1%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: Couldn't stat source package list cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-1%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) - stat (2 No such file or directory)
W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems
E: Some index files failed to download, they have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

12:27:21

#vi /etc/apt/sources.list

4,5c4,5
< deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main
< deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main
---
> #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main
> #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main

12:27:47

#apt-get update

Hit http://debian.org.ua testing/main Sources
Hit http://debian.org.ua testing/main Release
Get:1 http://debian.org.ua testing/main Packages [5328kB]
Hit http://debian.org.ua testing/main Release
Hit http://debian.org.ua testing/main Sources
Hit http://debian.org.ua testing/main Release
Fetched 5328kB in 41s (128kB/s)
Reading Package Lists... Done

12:28:31

#apt-get install evolution

Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
You might want to run ‘apt-get -f install’ to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
  evolution: Depends: gtkhtml3.8 (>= 3.10.1) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libatk1.0-0 (>= 1.9.0) but 1.8.0-4 is to be installed
             Depends: libavahi-client3 (>= 0.6.0) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libavahi-common3 (>= 0.6.10) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libavahi-glib1 (>= 0.6.0) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libbonobo2-0 (>= 2.13.0) but it is not going to be installed
...
             Depends: libtasn1-2 (>= 0.2.13) but 0.2.10-3 is to be installed
             Depends: libxfixes3 but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libxinerama1 but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libxml2 (>= 2.6.24) but 2.6.11-5 is to be installed
             Depends: gconf2 (>= 2.10.1-2) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: evolution-data-server (>= 1.6.1) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: gnome-icon-theme but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: dbus but it is not going to be installed
  kernel-image-2.6.8-2-686-smp: Depends: initrd-tools (>= 0.1.63) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try ‘apt-get -f install’ with no packages (or specify a solution).

12:29:07

#apt-get -h

apt 0.5.28.1 for linux i386 compiled on Jan 10 2005 14:25:31
Usage: apt-get [options] command
       apt-get [options] install|remove pkg1 [pkg2 ...]
       apt-get [options] source pkg1 [pkg2 ...]
apt-get is a simple command line interface for downloading and
installing packages. The most frequently used commands are update
and install.
Commands:
   update - Retrieve new lists of packages
   upgrade - Perform an upgrade
...
  -f  Attempt to continue if the integrity check fails
  -m  Attempt to continue if archives are unlocatable
  -u  Show a list of upgraded packages as well
  -b  Build the source package after fetching it
  -V  Show verbose version numbers
  -c=? Read this configuration file
  -o=? Set an arbitary configuration option, eg -o dir::cache=/tmp
See the apt-get(8), sources.list(5) and apt.conf(5) manual
pages for more information and options.
                       This APT has Super Cow Powers.

12:29:34

#apt-get -f install evolution

Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
You might want to run ‘apt-get -f install’ to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
  evolution: Depends: gtkhtml3.8 (>= 3.10.1) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libatk1.0-0 (>= 1.9.0) but 1.8.0-4 is to be installed
             Depends: libavahi-client3 (>= 0.6.0) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libavahi-common3 (>= 0.6.10) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libavahi-glib1 (>= 0.6.0) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libbonobo2-0 (>= 2.13.0) but it is not going to be installed
...
             Depends: libtasn1-2 (>= 0.2.13) but 0.2.10-3 is to be installed
             Depends: libxfixes3 but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libxinerama1 but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libxml2 (>= 2.6.24) but 2.6.11-5 is to be installed
             Depends: gconf2 (>= 2.10.1-2) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: evolution-data-server (>= 1.6.1) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: gnome-icon-theme but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: dbus but it is not going to be installed
  kernel-image-2.6.8-2-686-smp: Depends: initrd-tools (>= 0.1.63) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try ‘apt-get -f install’ with no packages (or specify a solution).

12:29:47

#evolution

bash: evolution: command not found

12:30:10

#apt-get install evolution

Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
You might want to run ‘apt-get -f install’ to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
  evolution: Depends: gtkhtml3.8 (>= 3.10.1) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libatk1.0-0 (>= 1.9.0) but 1.8.0-4 is to be installed
             Depends: libavahi-client3 (>= 0.6.0) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libavahi-common3 (>= 0.6.10) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libavahi-glib1 (>= 0.6.0) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libbonobo2-0 (>= 2.13.0) but it is not going to be installed
...
             Depends: libtasn1-2 (>= 0.2.13) but 0.2.10-3 is to be installed
             Depends: libxfixes3 but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libxinerama1 but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libxml2 (>= 2.6.24) but 2.6.11-5 is to be installed
             Depends: gconf2 (>= 2.10.1-2) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: evolution-data-server (>= 1.6.1) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: gnome-icon-theme but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: dbus but it is not going to be installed
  kernel-image-2.6.8-2-686-smp: Depends: initrd-tools (>= 0.1.63) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try ‘apt-get -f install’ with no packages (or specify a solution).

12:30:26

#apt-get upgrade

Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
You might want to run ‘apt-get -f install’ to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
  kernel-image-2.6.8-2-686-smp: Depends: initrd-tools (>= 0.1.63) but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.

12:30:40

#apt-get -f install

Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  initrd-tools
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  initrd-tools
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 611 not upgraded.
Need to get 32,1kB of archives.
After unpacking 184kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://debian.org.ua testing/main initrd-tools 0.1.84.1 [32,1kB]
Fetched 32,1kB in 0s (353kB/s)
Selecting previously deselected package initrd-tools.
(Reading database ... 63306 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking initrd-tools (from .../initrd-tools_0.1.84.1_all.deb) ...
Setting up initrd-tools (0.1.84.1) ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/mkinitrd/mkinitrd.conf ...

12:31:51

#apt-get install evolution

Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
Since you only requested a single operation it is extremely likely that
the package is simply not installable and a bug report against
that package should be filed.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
...
             Depends: libgnomeui-0 (>= 2.8.0) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libgtk2.0-0 (>= 2.8.0) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libgtkhtml3.8-15 (>= 3.10.1) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libnotify1 but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libpango1.0-0 (>= 1.12.1) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libxfixes3 but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libxinerama1 but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: gnome-icon-theme but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: dbus but it is not going to be installed
E: Broken packages

12:31:58

#ev

eval   eview  evim

12:31:58

#evolutin

bash: evolutin: command not found

12:32:27

#evolution

bash: evolution: command not found

12:32:30

#[root@linux1:mail]# evolution

bash: evolution: command not found

12:32:50

#apt-get install evolution

Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
Since you only requested a single operation it is extremely likely that
the package is simply not installable and a bug report against
that package should be filed.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
...
             Depends: libgnomeui-0 (>= 2.8.0) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libgtk2.0-0 (>= 2.8.0) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libgtkhtml3.8-15 (>= 3.10.1) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libnotify1 but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libpango1.0-0 (>= 1.12.1) but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libxfixes3 but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: libxinerama1 but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: gnome-icon-theme but it is not going to be installed
             Depends: dbus but it is not going to be installed
E: Broken packages

12:33:01

#apt-get install libgtk2.0-0

Reading Package Lists... Done
Building Dependency Tree... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
Since you only requested a single operation it is extremely likely that
the package is simply not installable and a bug report against
that package should be filed.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
  libgtk2.0-0: Depends: libgtk2.0-bin (>= 2.8.18-1) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libcairo2 (>= 1.0.2-2) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libpango1.0-0 (>= 1.12.1) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libxfixes3 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libxinerama1 but it is not going to be installed
E: Broken packages

Статистика

Время первой команды журнала 11:11:43 2006- 6-29

Время последней команды журнала 12:33:01 2006- 6-29

Количество командных строк в журнале 101

Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % 33.66

Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % 7.92

Суммарное время работы с терминалом ^*, час 1.35

Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин 1.24

Частота использования команд

`grep`	19	\|==============\| 14.84%
`ps`	17	\|=============\| 13.28%
`apt-get`	15	\|===========\| 11.72%
`iptables`	13	\|==========\| 10.16%
`mail`	11	\|========\| 8.59%
`[root@linux1:mail]#`	10	\|=======\| 7.81%
`vi`	7	\|=====\| 5.47%
`less`	5	\|===\| 3.91%
`top`	3	\|==\| 2.34%
`su`	3	\|==\| 2.34%
`evolution`	2	\|=\| 1.56%
`echo`	2	\|=\| 1.56%
`netstat`	2	\|=\| 1.56%
`[user@linux1:user]$`	2	\|=\| 1.56%
`kill`	2	\|=\| 1.56%
`ssh`	2	\|=\| 1.56%
`pas`	1	\|\| 0.78%
`q`	1	\|\| 0.78%
`make`	1	\|\| 0.78%
`/etc/init.d/popa3d`	1	\|\| 0.78%
`nmap`	1	\|\| 0.78%
`scp`	1	\|\| 0.78%
`pi`	1	\|\| 0.78%
`evolutin`	1	\|\| 0.78%
`ev`	1	\|\| 0.78%
`/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/`	1	\|\| 0.78%
`d`	1	\|\| 0.78%
`exit`	1	\|\| 0.78%
`pine`	1	\|\| 0.78%

____
*) Интервалы неактивности длительностью 30 минут и более не учитываются

Справка

Для того чтобы использовать LiLaLo, не нужно знать ничего особенного: всё происходит само собой. Однако, чтобы ведение и последующее использование журналов было как можно более эффективным, желательно иметь в виду следующее:

В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l

bash: l: command not found
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4
Обратите внимание на то, что код завершения команды может быть отличен от нуля не только в тех случаях, когда команда была выполнена с ошибкой. Многие команды используют код завершения, например, для того чтобы показать результаты проверки

Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.

$ find / -name abc

find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C

Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id

uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root)
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc

2a3,5 > if [ -f /usr/local/etc/bash_completion ]; then > . /usr/local/etc/bash_completion > fi
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc
В данном случае изменения применяются к файлу ~/.bashrc
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.

Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
```
$ whoami
```
```
user
```
```
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?
```
в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
```
$ whoami
```
```
user
```
Интересно, кто я?

Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:

$ whoami

user

$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?

Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым 
мы зарегистрировались в системе.
-
Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении 
в этом мире.

В журнале это будет выглядеть так:

$ whoami

user

Интересно, кто я?

Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым
мы зарегистрировались в системе.

Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении
в этом мире.

Для разделения нескольких абзацев между собой используйте символ "-", один в строке.

Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=

Содержимое файла может быть показано в журнале. Для этого его нужно вывести с помощью программы cat. Если вывод команды отметить симоволами #!, содержимое файла будет показано в журнале в специально отведённой для этого секции.

Для того чтобы вставить скриншот интересующего вас окна в журнал, нужно воспользоваться командой l3shot. После того как команда вызвана, нужно с помощью мыши выбрать окно, которое должно быть в журнале.

Команды в журнале расположены в хронологическом порядке. Если две команды давались одна за другой, но на разных терминалах, в журнале они будут рядом, даже если они не имеют друг к другу никакого отношения.
```
1
    2
3   
    4
```
Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.

О программе

LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008

$Id$