/l3/users/kolya/nt-lnet-2006-06-26/linux1.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 |
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#ping 192.168.16.16
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3999ms |
#ping 192.168.16.16
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3999ms |
#traceroute -n 192.168.16.16
traceroute to 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16), 30 hops max, 38 byte packets 1 192.168.16.65 1.081 ms 0.184 ms 0.176 ms |
#traceroute -n 192.168.16.16
traceroute to 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16), 30 hops max, 38 byte packets 1 192.168.16.65 1.081 ms 0.184 ms 0.176 ms |
#ping 192.168.16.16
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.360 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.317 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=0.318 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=0.318 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=5 ttl=63 time=0.317 ms --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.317/0.326/0.360/0.017 ms |
#ping 192.168.16.16
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.360 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.317 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=0.318 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=0.318 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=5 ttl=63 time=0.317 ms --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.317/0.326/0.360/0.017 ms |
#ping 192.168.16.254
PING 192.168.16.254 (192.168.16.254) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=1 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=2 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=3 Destination Net Unreachable --- 192.168.16.254 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 2000ms |
#ping 192.168.16.254
PING 192.168.16.254 (192.168.16.254) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=1 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=2 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=3 Destination Net Unreachable --- 192.168.16.254 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 2000ms |
#ping 192.168.16.254
PING 192.168.16.254 (192.168.16.254) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=1 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=2 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=3 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=4 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=5 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=6 Destination Net Unreachable --- 192.168.16.254 ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 0 received, +6 errors, 100% packet loss, time 5000ms |
#ping 192.168.16.254
PING 192.168.16.254 (192.168.16.254) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=1 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=2 Destination Net Unreachable PING 192.168.16.254 (192.168.16.254) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=1 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=2 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=3 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=4 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=5 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=6 Destination Net Unreachable --- 192.168.16.254 ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 0 received, +6 errors, 100% packet loss, time 5000ms |
#ping 192.168.16.254
PING 192.168.16.254 (192.168.16.254) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=1 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=2 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=3 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=4 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=5 Destination Net Unreachable --- 192.168.16.254 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, +5 errors, 100% packet loss, time 4003ms |
#ping 192.168.16.254
PING 192.168.16.254 (192.168.16.254) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=1 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=2 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=3 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=4 Destination Net Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=5 Destination Net Unreachable --- 192.168.16.254 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, +5 errors, 100% packet loss, time 4003ms |
#ping 192.168.16.254
PING 192.168.16.254 (192.168.16.254) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.16.254 ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 5999ms |
#ping 192.168.16.254
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=0.475 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=0.489 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=0.483 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 time=0.535 ms PING 192.168.16.254 (192.168.16.254) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.16.254 ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 5999ms |
#ping 192.168.15.254
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=0.475 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=0.489 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=0.483 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 time=0.535 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=5 ttl=62 time=0.487 ms --- 192.168.15.254 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.475/0.493/0.535/0.035 ms |
#ping 192.168.15.254
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=0.475 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=0.489 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=0.483 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 time=0.535 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=5 ttl=62 time=0.487 ms --- 192.168.15.254 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.475/0.493/0.535/0.035 ms |
#iptables
iptables v1.2.11: no command specified Try `iptables -h' or 'iptables --help' for more information. |
#iptables
iptables v1.2.11: no command specified Try `iptables -h' or 'iptables --help' for more information. |
#iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp flags:SYN,RST,ACK/SYN Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
#iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp flags:SYN,RST,ACK/SYN Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
#iptables -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 22000 -j DNAT --to 192.168.15.254:22
iptables: No chain/target/match by that name |
#iptables -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 22000 -j DNAT --to 192.168.15.254:22
iptables: No chain/target/match by that name |
#iptables -T
iptables v1.2.11: Unknown arg `-T' Try `iptables -h' or 'iptables --help' for more information. |
#ssh -P 192.168.16.62:2200
ssh: 192.168.16.62:2200: Name or service not known |
#iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 22000 -j DNAT --to 192.168.15.254:22
|
#iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 22000 -j DNAT --to 192.168.15.254:22
|
#iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp flags:SYN,RST,ACK/SYN Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
#iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp flags:SYN,RST,ACK/SYN Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
#iptables -h
iptables v1.2.11 Usage: iptables -[AD] chain rule-specification [options] iptables -[RI] chain rulenum rule-specification [options] iptables -D chain rulenum [options] iptables -[LFZ] [chain] [options] iptables -[NX] chain iptables -E old-chain-name new-chain-name iptables -P chain target [options] iptables -h (print this help information) Commands: ... --out-interface -o [!] output name[+] network interface name ([+] for wildcard) --table -t table table to manipulate (default: `filter') --verbose -v verbose mode --line-numbers print line numbers when listing --exact -x expand numbers (display exact values) [!] --fragment -f match second or further fragments only --modprobe=<command> try to insert modules using this command --set-counters PKTS BYTES set the counter during insert/append [!] --version -V print package version. |
#iptables -h
iptables v1.2.11 Usage: iptables -[AD] chain rule-specification [options] iptables -[RI] chain rulenum rule-specification [options] iptables -D chain rulenum [options] iptables -[LFZ] [chain] [options] iptables -[NX] chain iptables -E old-chain-name new-chain-name iptables -P chain target [options] iptables -h (print this help information) Commands: ... --out-interface -o [!] output name[+] network interface name ([+] for wildcard) --table -t table table to manipulate (default: `filter') --verbose -v verbose mode --line-numbers print line numbers when listing --exact -x expand numbers (display exact values) [!] --fragment -f match second or further fragments only --modprobe=<command> try to insert modules using this command --set-counters PKTS BYTES set the counter during insert/append [!] --version -V print package version. |
#ssh -P 192.168.16.62 : 2200
The authenticity of host '192.168.16.62 (192.168.16.62)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 07:18:94:2c:0b:9b:a6:d6:e1:70:03:f4:b8:e5:91:31. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.16.62' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. root@192.168.16.62's password: |
#iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp flags:SYN,RST,ACK/SYN Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
#iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp flags:SYN,RST,ACK/SYN Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
#ifconfig
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A inet addr:192.168.16.126 Bcast:192.168.16.127 Mask:255.255.255.192 inet6 addr: fe80::260:8ff:fe13:792a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:727 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:784 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:76965 (75.1 KiB) TX bytes:265692 (259.4 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:69988 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69988 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120321843 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120321843 (114.7 MiB) |
#ifconfig
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A inet addr:192.168.16.126 Bcast:192.168.16.127 Mask:255.255.255.192 inet6 addr: fe80::260:8ff:fe13:792a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:727 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:784 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:76965 (75.1 KiB) TX bytes:265692 (259.4 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:69988 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69988 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120321843 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120321843 (114.7 MiB) |
#iptables -A
iptables v1.2.11: Unknown arg `-A' Try `iptables -h' or 'iptables --help' for more information. |
#iptables -A
iptables v1.2.11: Unknown arg `-A' Try `iptables -h' or 'iptables --help' for more information. |
#iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp flags:SYN,RST,ACK/SYN Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
#iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp flags:SYN,RST,ACK/SYN Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
#[root@linux1:user]# mii-tool
eth0: no link eth1: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok |
#[root@linux1:user]# mii-tool
eth0: no link eth1: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok |
#iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp flags:SYN,RST,ACK/SYN Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
#iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp flags:SYN,RST,ACK/SYN Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
#ifconfig
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A inet addr:192.168.16.126 Bcast:192.168.16.127 Mask:255.255.255.192 inet6 addr: fe80::260:8ff:fe13:792a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:910 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:955 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:299997 (292.9 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:69988 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69988 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120321843 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120321843 (114.7 MiB) |
#ifconfig
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A inet addr:192.168.16.126 Bcast:192.168.16.127 Mask:255.255.255.192 inet6 addr: fe80::260:8ff:fe13:792a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:910 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:955 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:299997 (292.9 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:69988 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69988 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120321843 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120321843 (114.7 MiB) |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 inet addr:192.168.15.1 Bcast:192.168.16.65 Mask:255.255.255.192 inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea0:a912/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:148391 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142370 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:187527391 (178.8 MiB) TX bytes:187136210 (178.4 MiB) Interrupt:201 Base address:0xc000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A ... RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:300325 (293.2 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:69988 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69988 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120321843 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120321843 (114.7 MiB) |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 inet addr:192.168.15.1 Bcast:192.168.16.65 Mask:255.255.255.192 inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea0:a912/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:148391 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142370 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:187527391 (178.8 MiB) TX bytes:187136210 (178.4 MiB) Interrupt:201 Base address:0xc000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A ... RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:300325 (293.2 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:69988 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69988 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120321843 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120321843 (114.7 MiB) |
#ping 192.168.15.254
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.126 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.126 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.126 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.126 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable --- 192.168.15.254 ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 0 received, +4 errors, 100% packet loss, time 5002ms , pipe 4 |
#ping 192.168.15.254
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.126 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.126 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.126 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.126 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable --- 192.168.15.254 ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 0 received, +4 errors, 100% packet loss, time 5002ms , pipe 4 |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 inet addr:192.168.15.1 Bcast:192.168.16.65 Mask:255.255.255.192 inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea0:a912/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:148397 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142372 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:187527811 (178.8 MiB) TX bytes:187136350 (178.4 MiB) Interrupt:201 Base address:0xc000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A ... RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:300865 (293.8 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:69996 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69996 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120322683 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120322683 (114.7 MiB) |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 inet addr:192.168.15.1 Bcast:192.168.16.65 Mask:255.255.255.192 inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea0:a912/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:148397 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142372 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:187527811 (178.8 MiB) TX bytes:187136350 (178.4 MiB) Interrupt:201 Base address:0xc000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A ... RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:300865 (293.8 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:69996 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69996 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120322683 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120322683 (114.7 MiB) |
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.15.254 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.15.255
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.106 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.089 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.087 ms --- 192.168.15.254 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.087/0.094/0.106/0.008 ms |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 inet addr:192.168.15.254 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea0:a912/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:148427 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142372 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:187530967 (178.8 MiB) TX bytes:187136350 (178.4 MiB) Interrupt:201 Base address:0xc000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A ... RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:304645 (297.5 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:70038 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:70038 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120326371 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120326371 (114.7 MiB) |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 inet addr:192.168.15.254 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea0:a912/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:148427 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142372 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:187530967 (178.8 MiB) TX bytes:187136350 (178.4 MiB) Interrupt:201 Base address:0xc000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A ... RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:304645 (297.5 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:70038 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:70038 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120326371 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120326371 (114.7 MiB) |
#ping 192.168.15.254
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.106 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.089 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.087 ms --- 192.168.15.254 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.087/0.094/0.106/0.008 ms |
#ping 192.168.15.254
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.106 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.089 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.087 ms --- 192.168.15.254 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.087/0.094/0.106/0.008 ms |
#[root@linux1:user]# ifconfig eth0 192.168.15.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.15.255
|
#[root@linux1:user]# ifconfig eth0 192.168.15.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.15.255
|
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 inet addr:192.168.15.1 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea0:a912/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:148439 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142380 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:187531911 (178.8 MiB) TX bytes:187136854 (178.4 MiB) Interrupt:201 Base address:0xc000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A ... RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:304645 (297.5 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:70054 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:70054 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120327475 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120327475 (114.7 MiB) |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 inet addr:192.168.15.1 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea0:a912/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:148439 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142380 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:187531911 (178.8 MiB) TX bytes:187136854 (178.4 MiB) Interrupt:201 Base address:0xc000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A ... RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:304645 (297.5 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:70054 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:70054 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120327475 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120327475 (114.7 MiB) |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 inet addr:192.168.15.1 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea0:a912/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:148442 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142380 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:187532187 (178.8 MiB) TX bytes:187136854 (178.4 MiB) Interrupt:201 Base address:0xc000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A ... RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:304645 (297.5 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:70054 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:70054 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120327475 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120327475 (114.7 MiB) |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 inet addr:192.168.15.1 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea0:a912/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:148442 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:142380 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:187532187 (178.8 MiB) TX bytes:187136854 (178.4 MiB) Interrupt:201 Base address:0xc000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:60:08:13:79:2A ... RX bytes:96166 (93.9 KiB) TX bytes:304645 (297.5 KiB) Interrupt:185 Base address:0xc400 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:70054 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:70054 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:120327475 (114.7 MiB) TX bytes:120327475 (114.7 MiB) |
#ping 192.168.15.254
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.262 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.262 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.234 ms --- 192.168.15.254 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.234/0.252/0.262/0.022 ms |
#ping 192.168.15.254
PING 192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.262 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.262 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.234 ms --- 192.168.15.254 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.234/0.252/0.262/0.022 ms |
#[root@linux1:user]# ssh m02 mount /cdrom
The authenticity of host 'm02 (192.168.15.2)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 07:18:94:2c:0b:9b:a6:d6:e1:70:03:f4:b8:e5:91:31. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? y Please type 'yes' or 'no': yes Warning: Permanently added 'm02' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. root@m02's password: |
#[root@linux1:user]# ssh m02 mount /cdrom
The authenticity of host 'm02 (192.168.15.2)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 07:18:94:2c:0b:9b:a6:d6:e1:70:03:f4:b8:e5:91:31. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? y Please type 'yes' or 'no': yes Warning: Permanently added 'm02' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. root@m02's password: |
#cd /etc/X11
|
#ls -l
total 36 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:17 app-defaults -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 2006-06-26 12:15 default-display-manager drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2006-06-26 10:40 fonts -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17371 2006-06-12 06:40 rgb.txt lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 2006-06-26 10:40 X -> /usr/bin/Xorg drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 10:35 xdm drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 10:35 xinit -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3211 2006-06-27 13:34 xorg.conf drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-12 06:46 Xresources -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3929 2006-06-12 06:40 Xsession drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:16 Xsession.d -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 265 2006-06-12 06:40 Xsession.options -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 2006-05-08 06:36 XvMCConfig -rw------- 1 root root 614 2006-06-26 10:35 Xwrapper.config |
#exit
exit Connection to 192.168.16.65 closed. |
#ssh m02 /dev/cdrom | mount /cdrom
mount: No medium found root@m02's password: bash: /dev/cdrom: Permission denied |
#ssh m02 /dev/cdrom | mount /cdrom
mount: No medium found root@m02's password: bash: /dev/cdrom: Permission denied |
#mount /cdrom | ssh m02 /dev/cdrom
mount: No medium found root@m02's password: bash: /dev/cdrom: Permission denied |
#mount /cdrom | ssh m02 /dev/cdrom
mount: No medium found root@m02's password: bash: /dev/cdrom: Permission denied |
#ssh m02 mount /cdrom
root@m02's password: mount: /dev/hdc already mounted or /media/cdrom0 busy mount: according to mtab, /dev/hdc is already mounted on /media/cdrom0 |
#ssh m02 mount /cdrom
root@m02's password: mount: /dev/hdc already mounted or /media/cdrom0 busy mount: according to mtab, /dev/hdc is already mounted on /media/cdrom0 |
#ssh m02 mount
root@m02's password: /dev/hda1 on / type ext3 (rw,errors=remount-ro) proc on /proc type proc (rw) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620) /dev/hda7 on /home type ext3 (rw) /dev/hda8 on /tmp type ext3 (rw) /dev/hda9 on /usr type ext3 (rw) /dev/hda6 on /var type ext3 (rw) usbfs on /proc/bus/usb type usbfs (rw) /dev/hdc on /media/cdrom0 type iso9660 (ro,noexec,nosuid,nodev) |
Время первой команды журнала | 16:07:52 2006- 6-27 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 17:10:20 2006- 6-27 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 34.65 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 1.98 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 1.04 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 1.62 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
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Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
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Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008