/l3/users/viktor-dremkov/redhat/linux4.unix.bas/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 :28 :29 :30 :31 :32 :33 :34 :35 :36 :37 :38 :39 :40 :41 :42 :43 :44 |
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#find /sys -name '*01:00*'
/sys/bus/pci/drivers/atheros_eth/0000:01:00.0 /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:01:00.0 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.1/0000:01:00.0 |
#find /sys -name '*00:1f*'
/sys/bus/pci/drivers/ata_piix/0000:00:1f.2 /sys/bus/pci/drivers/PIIX_IDE/0000:00:1f.1 /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1f.2 /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1f.1 /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1f.0 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.1 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.0 |
#lspci | less
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#00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 4 Series Chipset DRAM Controller (rev 0
/sys/bus/pci/drivers/HDA Intel/0000:00:1b.0 /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1b.0 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0 |
#find /sys -name '*00:1b*' -ls
4387 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 /sys/bus/pci/drivers/HDA\ Intel/0000:00:1b.0 -> ../../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0 166 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 4 17:14 /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1b.0 -> ../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0 150 0 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jun 4 17:14 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0 |
#find /sys -name '*00:1b.0*'
/sys/bus/pci/drivers/HDA Intel/0000:00:1b.0 /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1b.0 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0 |
#date
Sat Jun 5 16:31:02 ALMT 2010 |
#ls /sys/bus/pci/drivers/
AEC62xx_IDE ALI15x3_IDE HDA Intel Promise_Old_IDE agpgart-ali AMD_IDE HPT34x_IDE RZ1000_IDE agpgart-amd64 ata_piix HPT366_IDE serial agpgart-amdk7 atheros_eth ITE821x IDE Serverworks_IDE agpgart-ati ATIIXP_IDE ohci_hcd SiI_IDE agpgart-efficeon bcm43xx parport_pc SIS_IDE agpgart-intel CMD64x_IDE pcieport-driver TRIFLEX_IDE agpgart-nvidia CS5530 IDE PCI_IDE uhci_hcd agpgart-serverworks CS5535_IDE pci-stub VIA_IDE agpgart-sis Cyrix_IDE PIIX_IDE yenta_cardbus agpgart-via ehci_hcd Promise_IDE |
#ls -l /sys/bus/pci/drivers/
total 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 AEC62xx_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-ali drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-amdk7 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-ati drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-efficeon drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-intel drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-nvidia drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-serverworks ... drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 Promise_Old_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 RZ1000_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 serial drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 Serverworks_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 SiI_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 SIS_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 TRIFLEX_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 uhci_hcd drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 VIA_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 yenta_cardbus |
#ls -l /sys/bus/pci/drivers/ | less
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#find /sys -name '*00:1b.0*'
/sys/bus/pci/drivers/HDA Intel/0000:00:1b.0 /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:1b.0 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0 |
#ls -l /sys/bus/pci/drivers/
total 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 AEC62xx_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-ali drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-amd64 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-amdk7 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-ati drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-efficeon drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-intel drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-nvidia drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 agpgart-serverworks ... drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 Promise_Old_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 RZ1000_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 serial drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 Serverworks_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 SiI_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 SIS_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 TRIFLEX_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 uhci_hcd drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 VIA_IDE drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 yenta_cardbus |
#ls -l /sys/bus/pci/drivers/
AEC62xx_IDE/ ATIIXP_IDE/ pci-stub/ agpgart-ali/ bcm43xx/ PIIX_IDE/ agpgart-amd64/ CMD64x_IDE/ Promise_IDE/ agpgart-amdk7/ CS5530 IDE/ Promise_Old_IDE/ agpgart-ati/ CS5535_IDE/ RZ1000_IDE/ agpgart-efficeon/ Cyrix_IDE/ serial/ agpgart-intel/ ehci_hcd/ Serverworks_IDE/ agpgart-nvidia/ HDA Intel/ SiI_IDE/ agpgart-serverworks/ HPT34x_IDE/ SIS_IDE/ agpgart-sis/ HPT366_IDE/ TRIFLEX_IDE/ agpgart-via/ ITE821x IDE/ uhci_hcd/ ALI15x3_IDE/ ohci_hcd/ VIA_IDE/ AMD_IDE/ parport_pc/ yenta_cardbus/ ata_piix/ pcieport-driver/ atheros_eth/ PCI_IDE/ |
#ls -l /sys/bus/pci/drivers/HDA\ Intel/
total 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 0000:00:1b.0 -> ../../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0 --w------- 1 root root 4096 Jun 5 11:21 bind lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 module -> ../../../../module/snd_hda_intel --w------- 1 root root 4096 Jun 5 11:21 new_id --w------- 1 root root 4096 Jun 5 11:21 remove_id --w------- 1 root root 4096 Jun 5 11:21 unbind |
#ls -l /sys
total 0 drwxr-xr-x 34 root root 0 Jun 5 16:02 block drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 0 Jun 4 17:14 bus drwxr-xr-x 30 root root 0 Jun 4 17:15 class drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 0 Jun 4 17:14 devices drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jun 4 23:14 firmware drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Jun 5 12:43 fs drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 kernel drwxr-xr-x 108 root root 0 Jun 5 16:02 module drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 Jun 4 17:14 power |
#ls '/sys/bus/pci/drivers/HDA Intel/'
0000:00:1b.0 bind module new_id remove_id unbind |
#ls -l '/sys/bus/pci/drivers/HDA Intel/'
total 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 0000:00:1b.0 -> ../../../../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0 --w------- 1 root root 4096 Jun 5 11:21 bind lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Jun 5 11:21 module -> ../../../../module/snd_hda_intel --w------- 1 root root 4096 Jun 5 11:21 new_id --w------- 1 root root 4096 Jun 5 11:21 remove_id --w------- 1 root root 4096 Jun 5 11:21 unbind |
#man readline
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#dmesg
Linux version 2.6.18-194.el5PAE (mockbuild@builder16.centos.org) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-48)) #1 SMP Fri Apr 2 15:37:44 EDT 2010 BIOS-provided physical RAM map: BIOS-e820: 0000000000010000 - 000000000009fc00 (usable) BIOS-e820: 000000000009fc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 00000000000e4000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 00000000ddd80000 (usable) BIOS-e820: 00000000ddd80000 - 00000000ddd8e000 (ACPI data) BIOS-e820: 00000000ddd8e000 - 00000000dddd0000 (ACPI NVS) BIOS-e820: 00000000dddd0000 - 00000000dde00000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 00000000fee00000 - 00000000fee01000 (reserved) ... sd 3:0:0:0: ioctl_internal_command return code = 8000002 : Current: sense key: No Sense Add. Sense: No additional sense information sd 3:0:0:0: ioctl_internal_command return code = 8000002 : Current: sense key: No Sense Add. Sense: No additional sense information sd 3:0:0:0: ioctl_internal_command return code = 8000002 : Current: sense key: No Sense Add. Sense: No additional sense information ACPI: PCI interrupt for device 0000:00:1b.0 disabled |
#dmesg | less
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#dmesg | grep -i dvd
ata1.01: ATAPI: Optiarc DVD RW AD-5240S, 1.02, max UDMA/100 Vendor: Optiarc Model: DVD RW AD-5240S Rev: 1.02 |
#dmesg | grep -i eth
Atheros(R) AR8121/AR8113/AR8114/AR8131/AR8132 PCI-E Ethernet Network Driver - version 1.0.0.11-test ATL1e: eth0 NIC Link is Up<10 Mbps Half Duplex> eth0: no IPv6 routers present 8139too Fast Ethernet driver 0.9.27 8139too: Unknown symbol mii_ethtool_sset 8139too: Unknown symbol mii_ethtool_gset 8139too Fast Ethernet driver 0.9.27 |
#dmesg | grep -i eth
Atheros(R) AR8121/AR8113/AR8114/AR8131/AR8132 PCI-E Ethernet Network Driver - version 1.0.0.11-test ATL1e: eth0 NIC Link is Up<10 Mbps Half Duplex> eth0: no IPv6 routers present 8139too Fast Ethernet driver 0.9.27 8139too: Unknown symbol mii_ethtool_sset 8139too: Unknown symbol mii_ethtool_gset 8139too Fast Ethernet driver 0.9.27 |
#lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 4 Series Chipset DRAM Controller (rev 03) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 03) 00:02.1 Display controller: Intel Corporation 4 Series Chipset Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 03) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family High Definition Audio Controller (rev 01) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family PCI Express Port 1 (rev 01) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family PCI Express Port 2 (rev 01) 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation N10/ICH7 Family USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01) 00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01) 00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01) 00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 01) 00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation N10/ICH 7 Family USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01) 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01) 00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE Controller (rev 01) 00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation N10/ICH7 Family SATA IDE Controller (rev 01) 01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications Atheros AR8121/AR8113/AR8114 PCI-E Ethernet Controller (rev b0) 03:01.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4318 [AirForce One 54g] 802.11g Wireless LAN Controller (rev 02) |
#lsusb
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 004 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 003 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 001 Device 003: ID 3538:0042 Power Quotient International Co., Ltd Cool Drive U339 Flash Disk Bus 001 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 005 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 |
#cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 23 model name : Pentium(R) Dual-Core CPU E5400 @ 2.70GHz stepping : 10 cpu MHz : 2700.197 cache size : 2048 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 2 ... fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 13 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr lahf_lm bogomips : 5399.95 |
#cat /proc/cpuinfo
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#dmidecode | less
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#dmidecode
# dmidecode 2.10 SMBIOS 2.5 present. 50 structures occupying 1916 bytes. Table at 0x000F06C0. Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes BIOS Information Vendor: American Megatrends Inc. Version: 0308 Release Date: 07/07/2009 Address: 0xF0000 ... OEM-specific Type Header and Data: 8B 36 30 00 07 10 22 01 00 00 00 20 04 04 32 55 F8 00 A2 02 A1 00 40 63 43 10 EB 82 03 DF 40 B2 00 20 00 73 3C 10 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 Strings: V1394GUID Handle 0x0031, DMI type 127, 4 bytes End Of Table |
#dmidecode | less
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#dmidecode | grep bios
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#dmidecode | grep -i "bios"
SMBIOS 2.5 present. BIOS Information BIOS is upgradeable BIOS shadowing is allowed BIOS ROM is socketed BIOS boot specification is supported BIOS Revision: 8.14 BIOS Language Information |
#dmidecode
# dmidecode 2.10 SMBIOS 2.5 present. 50 structures occupying 1916 bytes. Table at 0x000F06C0. Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes BIOS Information Vendor: American Megatrends Inc. Version: 0308 Release Date: 07/07/2009 Address: 0xF0000 ... OEM-specific Type Header and Data: 8B 36 30 00 07 10 22 01 00 00 00 20 04 04 32 55 F8 00 A2 02 A1 00 40 63 43 10 EB 82 03 DF 40 B2 00 20 00 73 3C 10 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 Strings: V1394GUID Handle 0x0031, DMI type 127, 4 bytes End Of Table |
#dmidecode | less
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#lsusb
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 004 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 003 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 001 Device 003: ID 3538:0042 Power Quotient International Co., Ltd Cool Drive U339 Flash Disk Bus 001 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 005 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 |
#dmidecode
# dmidecode 2.10 SMBIOS 2.5 present. 50 structures occupying 1916 bytes. Table at 0x000F06C0. Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes BIOS Information Vendor: American Megatrends Inc. Version: 0308 Release Date: 07/07/2009 Address: 0xF0000 ... OEM-specific Type Header and Data: 8B 36 30 00 07 10 22 01 00 00 00 20 04 04 32 55 F8 00 A2 02 A1 00 40 63 43 10 EB 82 03 DF 40 B2 00 20 00 73 3C 10 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 Strings: V1394GUID Handle 0x0031, DMI type 127, 4 bytes End Of Table |
#dmidecode | less
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#date
Sat Jun 5 16:48:45 ALMT 2010 |
#sysctl
usage: sysctl [-n] [-e] variable ... sysctl [-n] [-e] [-q] -w variable=value ... sysctl [-n] [-e] -a sysctl [-n] [-e] [-q] -p <file> (default /etc/sysctl.conf) sysctl [-n] [-e] -A |
#dmesg | grep -i sda
SCSI device sda: 976773168 512-byte hdwr sectors (500108 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back SCSI device sda: 976773168 512-byte hdwr sectors (500108 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back sda: sda1 sda2 sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi disk sda EXT3 FS on sda1, internal journal |
#dmesg | grep -i sda -B2
Vendor: ATA Model: ST3500418AS Rev: CC38 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05 SCSI device sda: 976773168 512-byte hdwr sectors (500108 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back SCSI device sda: 976773168 512-byte hdwr sectors (500108 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back sda: sda1 sda2 sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi disk sda -- device-mapper: multipath: version 1.0.5 loaded loop: loaded (max 8 devices) EXT3 FS on sda1, internal journal |
#dmesg | grep -i sda -B3
ata1.01: configured for UDMA/100 Vendor: ATA Model: ST3500418AS Rev: CC38 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05 SCSI device sda: 976773168 512-byte hdwr sectors (500108 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back SCSI device sda: 976773168 512-byte hdwr sectors (500108 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back sda: sda1 sda2 sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi disk sda -- md: ... autorun DONE. device-mapper: multipath: version 1.0.5 loaded loop: loaded (max 8 devices) EXT3 FS on sda1, internal journal |
#ls /proc/bus/
input pccard pci usb |
#dmesg | grep -i sda -B2
Vendor: ATA Model: ST3500418AS Rev: CC38 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05 SCSI device sda: 976773168 512-byte hdwr sectors (500108 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back SCSI device sda: 976773168 512-byte hdwr sectors (500108 MB) sda: Write Protect is off sda: Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 SCSI device sda: drive cache: write back sda: sda1 sda2 sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi disk sda -- device-mapper: multipath: version 1.0.5 loaded loop: loaded (max 8 devices) EXT3 FS on sda1, internal journal |
#dmesg | grep -i agp
Linux agpgart interface v0.101 (c) Dave Jones agpgart: Detected an Intel G41 Chipset. agpgart: Detected 32764K stolen memory. agpgart: AGP aperture is 256M @ 0xe0000000 |
#dmesg | grep -i vga
Console: colour VGA+ 80x25 |
#dmesg | grep -i vga -C5
Enabling fast FPU save and restore... done. Enabling unmasked SIMD FPU exception support... done. Initializing CPU#0 CPU 0 irqstacks, hard=c0765000 soft=c0745000 PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 12, 16384 bytes) Console: colour VGA+ 80x25 Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes) Memory: 4113132k/4718592k available (2175k kernel code, 44444k reserved, 898k data, 228k init, 3241472k highmem) Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode... Ok. hpet0: at MMIO 0xfed00000 (virtual 0xf8800000), IRQs 2, 8, 0 |
#dmesg | grep -i vga -C5 --color
Enabling fast FPU save and restore... done. Enabling unmasked SIMD FPU exception support... done. Initializing CPU#0 CPU 0 irqstacks, hard=c0765000 soft=c0745000 PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 12, 16384 bytes) Console: colour VGA+ 80x25 Dentry cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 7, 524288 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes) Memory: 4113132k/4718592k available (2175k kernel code, 44444k reserved, 898k data, 228k init, 3241472k highmem) Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode... Ok. hpet0: at MMIO 0xfed00000 (virtual 0xf8800000), IRQs 2, 8, 0 |
#dmesg | grep -i agp -C5 --color
PCI: Setting latency timer of device 0000:00:1c.1 to 64 pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5 Real Time Clock Driver v1.12ac hpet_resources: 0xfed00000 is busy Non-volatile memory driver v1.2 Linux agpgart interface v0.101 (c) Dave Jones agpgart: Detected an Intel G41 Chipset. agpgart: Detected 32764K stolen memory. agpgart: AGP aperture is 256M @ 0xe0000000 Serial: 8250/16550 driver $Revision: 1.90 $ 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled serial8250: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A 00:0c: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A brd: module loaded Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver Revision: 7.00alpha2 |
#cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 23 model name : Pentium(R) Dual-Core CPU E5400 @ 2.70GHz stepping : 10 cpu MHz : 2700.197 cache size : 2048 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 2 ... fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 13 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr lahf_lm bogomips : 5399.95 |
#cat /proc/cmdline
ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb quiet |
#cat /proc/
Display all 258 possibilities? (y or n) 1/ 1711/ 2590/ 7004/ asound/ 10/ 1716/ 2651/ 7005/ buddyinfo 10571/ 1719/ 2656/ 7115/ bus/ 10573/ 2/ 2660/ 7116/ cmdline 10631/ 201/ 2664/ 7207/ cpuinfo 10632/ 202/ 2667/ 7209/ crypto 10672/ 203/ 2669/ 7267/ devices 10799/ 204/ 2759/ 7268/ diskstats 10802/ 205/ 2771/ 7409/ dma ... 12561/ 2482/ 5986/ 8365/ slabinfo 127/ 2492/ 6/ 8366/ stat 128/ 2493/ 6007/ 8398/ swaps 131/ 2494/ 6010/ 8444/ sys/ 133/ 2495/ 6068/ 9/ sysrq-trigger 13969/ 2496/ 6069/ 9038/ sysvipc/ 13990/ 2498/ 6422/ 9085/ tty/ 15/ 2499/ 6488/ 9148/ uptime 1598/ 2501/ 6489/ 9149/ version 1599/ 2502/ 6845/ 9403/ vmcore |
#cat /proc/mounts
rootfs / rootfs rw 0 0 /dev/root / ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0 /dev /dev tmpfs rw 0 0 /proc /proc proc rw 0 0 /sys /sys sysfs rw 0 0 /proc/bus/usb /proc/bus/usb usbfs rw 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts rw 0 0 /dev/LVM/usr /usr ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0 /dev/LVM/home /home ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0 /dev/LVM/var /var ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0 /dev/LVM/tmp /tmp ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs rw 0 0 none /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc rw 0 0 sunrpc /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs rpc_pipefs rw 0 0 /etc/auto.misc /misc autofs rw,fd=7,pgrp=2398,timeout=300,minproto=5,maxproto=5,indirect 0 0 -hosts /net autofs rw,fd=13,pgrp=2398,timeout=300,minproto=5,maxproto=5,indirect 0 0 nfsd /proc/fs/nfsd nfsd rw 0 0 /dev/cdrom /mnt iso9660 ro 0 0 /dev/sdb1 /media vfat rw,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=cp437,iocharset=ascii,utf8 0 0 |
#cat /proc/net/
anycast6 ip6_flowlabel netstat rt6_stats stat/ arp ip_mr_cache packet rt_acct tcp dev ip_mr_vif protocols rt_cache tcp6 dev_mcast ipv6_route psched snmp tr_rif dev_snmp6/ mcfilter raw snmp6 udp if_inet6 mcfilter6 raw6 sockstat udp6 igmp netfilter/ route sockstat6 unix igmp6 netlink rpc/ softnet_stat wireless |
#cat /proc/net/route
Iface Destination Gateway Flags RefCnt Use Metric Mask MTU Window IRTT eth0 000FA8C0 00000000 0001 0 0 0 00FFFFFF 0 0 0 eth0 0000FEA9 00000000 0001 0 0 0 0000FFFF 0 0 0 eth0 00000000 FE0FA8C0 0003 0 0 0 00000000 0 0 0 |
#cat /proc/net/arp
IP address HW type Flags HW address Mask Device 192.168.15.5 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:56:70 * eth0 192.168.15.3 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:55:7C * eth0 192.168.15.7 0x1 0x2 E0:CB:4E:DD:EA:D7 * eth0 192.168.15.12 0x1 0x2 E0:CB:4E:DD:E8:A7 * eth0 192.168.15.13 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:56:60 * eth0 192.168.15.9 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:CA:E7:52 * eth0 192.168.15.254 0x1 0x2 00:1F:29:BC:3A:D8 * eth0 192.168.15.2 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:56:74 * eth0 192.168.15.11 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:CA:EE:82 * eth0 192.168.15.1 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:CA:E6:A2 * eth0 192.168.15.8 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:55:BB * eth0 192.168.15.10 0x1 0x2 E0:CB:4E:DD:EA:1A * eth0 |
#arp -an
? (192.168.15.5) at 00:26:18:E4:56:70 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.3) at 00:26:18:E4:55:7C [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.7) at E0:CB:4E:DD:EA:D7 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.12) at E0:CB:4E:DD:E8:A7 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.13) at 00:26:18:E4:56:60 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.9) at 00:26:18:CA:E7:52 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.254) at 00:1F:29:BC:3A:D8 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.2) at 00:26:18:E4:56:74 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.11) at 00:26:18:CA:EE:82 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.1) at 00:26:18:CA:E6:A2 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.8) at 00:26:18:E4:55:BB [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.10) at E0:CB:4E:DD:EA:1A [ether] on eth0 |
#cat /proc/net/arp
IP address HW type Flags HW address Mask Device 192.168.15.5 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:56:70 * eth0 192.168.15.3 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:55:7C * eth0 192.168.15.7 0x1 0x2 E0:CB:4E:DD:EA:D7 * eth0 192.168.15.12 0x1 0x2 E0:CB:4E:DD:E8:A7 * eth0 192.168.15.13 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:56:60 * eth0 192.168.15.9 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:CA:E7:52 * eth0 192.168.15.254 0x1 0x2 00:1F:29:BC:3A:D8 * eth0 192.168.15.2 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:56:74 * eth0 192.168.15.11 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:CA:EE:82 * eth0 192.168.15.1 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:CA:E6:A2 * eth0 192.168.15.8 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:55:BB * eth0 192.168.15.10 0x1 0x2 E0:CB:4E:DD:EA:1A * eth0 |
#ls /proc/sys
crypto debug dev fs kernel net sunrpc vm |
#cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
0 |
#echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
|
#cat /etc/sysctl.conf
# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 ... # Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmax = 65536 # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes kernel.shmmax = 4294967295 # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 268435456 |
#sysctl -a | grep icmp
net.ipv6.icmp.ratelimit = 1000 net.ipv4.icmp_ratemask = 6168 net.ipv4.icmp_ratelimit = 1000 net.ipv4.icmp_errors_use_inbound_ifaddr = 0 net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1 net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1 net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all = 0 |
#top
top - 16:59:43 up 23:45, 18 users, load average: 0.99, 0.96, 0.91 Tasks: 207 total, 2 running, 195 sleeping, 10 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 50.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 50.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4116824k total, 1103772k used, 3013052k free, 121052k buffers PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 716944k cached 11569 root 25 0 34448 29m 1448 R 99.8 0.7 117:54.23 l3-agent 1 root 15 0 2072 632 544 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.35 init 2 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 3 root 39 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksoftirqd/0 ... 16 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd/1 17 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kacpid 11 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthread 15 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd/0 16 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kblockd/1 17 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kacpid 127 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cqueue/0 128 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cqueue/1 131 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khubd 133 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kseriod |
#sysctl -a
sunrpc.max_resvport = 1023 sunrpc.min_resvport = 665 sunrpc.tcp_slot_table_entries = 16 sunrpc.udp_slot_table_entries = 16 sunrpc.nlm_debug = 0 sunrpc.nfsd_debug = 0 sunrpc.nfs_debug = 0 sunrpc.rpc_debug = 0 crypto.fips_enabled = 0 dev.cdrom.check_media = 0 ... fs.dir-notify-enable = 1 fs.leases-enable = 1 fs.overflowgid = 65534 fs.overflowuid = 65534 fs.dentry-state = 133331 130945 45 0 0 0 fs.nr_open = 1048576 fs.file-max = 381040 fs.file-nr = 2496 0 381040 fs.inode-state = 122315 2628 0 0 0 0 0 fs.inode-nr = 122315 2628 |
#sysctl -v net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts =0
error: Unknown parameter "-v" usage: sysctl [-n] [-e] variable ... sysctl [-n] [-e] [-q] -w variable=value ... sysctl [-n] [-e] -a sysctl [-n] [-e] [-q] -p <file> (default /etc/sysctl.conf) sysctl [-n] [-e] -A |
#sysctl -a | grep icmp
net.ipv6.icmp.ratelimit = 1000 net.ipv4.icmp_ratemask = 6168 net.ipv4.icmp_ratelimit = 1000 net.ipv4.icmp_errors_use_inbound_ifaddr = 0 net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1 net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1 net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all = 0 |
#vim sysctl
|
#sysctl net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts =0
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1 error: Malformed setting "=0" |
#sysctl -a | grep icmp
net.ipv6.icmp.ratelimit = 1000 net.ipv4.icmp_ratemask = 6168 net.ipv4.icmp_ratelimit = 1000 net.ipv4.icmp_errors_use_inbound_ifaddr = 0 net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1 net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1 net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all = 0 |
#sysctl net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 0
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1 error: Malformed setting "=" error: "0" is an unknown key |
#sysctl net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts=0
net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 0 |
#man sysctl
|
#sysctl -a | grep icmp
net.ipv6.icmp.ratelimit = 1000 net.ipv4.icmp_ratemask = 6168 net.ipv4.icmp_ratelimit = 1000 net.ipv4.icmp_errors_use_inbound_ifaddr = 0 net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1 net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 0 net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all = 0 |
#ping -b 192.168.15.255
WARNING: pinging broadcast address PING 192.168.15.255 (192.168.15.255) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.4: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.013 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.12: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.871 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.13: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.872 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.4: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.027 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.12: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.420 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.13: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.582 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.4: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.028 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.12: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.424 ms (DUP!) ... 64 bytes from 192.168.15.13: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.583 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.4: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.028 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.12: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.423 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.13: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.583 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.4: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.025 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.12: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.426 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.13: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.577 ms (DUP!) --- 192.168.15.255 ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 6 received, +12 duplicates, 0% packet loss, time 5005ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.013/0.384/0.872/0.284 ms |
#ping -b 192.168.15.255
WARNING: pinging broadcast address PING 192.168.15.255 (192.168.15.255) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.4: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.017 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.11: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=11.0 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=11.0 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.12: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=11.0 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.4: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.028 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.425 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.12: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.582 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.11: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.832 ms (DUP!) ... 64 bytes from 192.168.15.4: icmp_seq=167 ttl=64 time=0.023 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.5: icmp_seq=167 ttl=64 time=0.418 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.12: icmp_seq=167 ttl=64 time=0.577 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.7: icmp_seq=167 ttl=64 time=0.824 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.8: icmp_seq=167 ttl=64 time=0.825 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.11: icmp_seq=167 ttl=64 time=1.14 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.1: icmp_seq=167 ttl=64 time=1.14 ms (DUP!) --- 192.168.15.255 ping statistics --- 167 packets transmitted, 167 received, +725 duplicates, 0% packet loss, time 166075ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.017/1.509/45.804/3.872 ms |
#ping www.google.com
PING www.l.google.com (64.233.183.106) 56(84) bytes of data. --- www.l.google.com ping statistics --- 60 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 58996ms |
#ping -b 192.168.15.255
WARNING: pinging broadcast address PING 192.168.15.255 (192.168.15.255) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.4: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.013 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.11: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=10.2 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=10.2 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=10.5 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.12: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=10.5 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.7: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=10.9 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=10.9 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.6: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=40.7 ms (DUP!) ... 64 bytes from 192.168.15.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.421 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.5: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.582 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.12: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.827 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.7: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.828 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.6: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=1.23 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.11: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=10.7 ms (DUP!) 64 bytes from 192.168.15.8: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=11.1 ms (DUP!) --- 192.168.15.255 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, +35 duplicates, 0% packet loss, time 4003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.013/4.718/40.746/7.351 ms |
#ping -fb 192.168.15.255
WARNING: pinging broadcast address PING 192.168.15.255 (192.168.15.255) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.15.255 ping statistics --- 798 packets transmitted, 795 received, +5131 duplicates, 0% packet loss, time 1659ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.002/131.184/304.261/97.199 ms, pipe 217, ipg/ewma 2.081/263.395 ms |
#ping 192.168.15.3
PING 192.168.15.3 (192.168.15.3) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.377 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.377 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.381 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.380 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.380 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.380 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.384 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.372 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=0.366 ms ... 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=24 ttl=64 time=0.376 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=25 ttl=64 time=0.382 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=26 ttl=64 time=0.379 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=27 ttl=64 time=0.508 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=28 ttl=64 time=0.381 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=29 ttl=64 time=0.379 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=30 ttl=64 time=0.381 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=31 ttl=64 time=0.379 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=32 ttl=64 time=0.403 ms [6]+ Stopped ping 192.168.15.3 |
#fg
ping 192.168.15.3 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=33 ttl=64 time=0.377 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=34 ttl=64 time=0.381 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=35 ttl=64 time=0.380 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=36 ttl=64 time=0.385 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=37 ttl=64 time=0.382 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=38 ttl=64 time=0.369 ms ^L64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=39 ttl=64 time=0.378 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=40 ttl=64 time=0.377 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.3: icmp_seq=41 ttl=64 time=0.380 ms [6]+ Stopped ping 192.168.15.3 |
#kill 6
|
#df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 2.0G 352M 1.5G 19% / /dev/mapper/LVM-usr 9.7G 2.4G 6.9G 26% /usr /dev/mapper/LVM-home 3.0G 70M 2.7G 3% /home /dev/mapper/LVM-var 4.9G 183M 4.5G 4% /var /dev/mapper/LVM-tmp 2.0G 71M 1.8G 4% /tmp tmpfs 2.0G 0 2.0G 0% /dev/shm /dev/scd0 3.9G 3.9G 0 100% /mnt /dev/sdb1 499M 56M 443M 12% /media |
#cat /dev/cdrom > /usr/centos.iso
[2]+ Stopped cat /dev/cdrom > /usr/centos.iso |
#bg
[2]+ cat /dev/cdrom > /usr/centos.iso & |
# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 # Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmax = 65536 # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes kernel.shmmax = 4294967295 # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 268435456
Display all 258 possibilities? (y or n) 1/ 1711/ 2590/ 7004/ asound/ 10/ 1716/ 2651/ 7005/ buddyinfo 10571/ 1719/ 2656/ 7115/ bus/ 10573/ 2/ 2660/ 7116/ cmdline 10631/ 201/ 2664/ 7207/ cpuinfo 10632/ 202/ 2667/ 7209/ crypto 10672/ 203/ 2669/ 7267/ devices 10799/ 204/ 2759/ 7268/ diskstats 10802/ 205/ 2771/ 7409/ dma 10803/ 206/ 2773/ 7410/ dri/ 10804/ 2078/ 2774/ 7452/ driver/ 10805/ 2080/ 2777/ 7453/ execdomains 10806/ 2102/ 2823/ 7492/ fb 10807/ 2105/ 2824/ 7528/ filesystems 10808/ 2162/ 2885/ 7539/ fs/ 10809/ 2189/ 2886/ 7547/ ide/ 10810/ 2190/ 2930/ 7548/ interrupts 10813/ 2197/ 2957/ 7567/ iomem 10889/ 2221/ 2959/ 7576/ ioports 10898/ 2236/ 2961/ 7634/ irq/ 10956/ 2245/ 3/ 7635/ kallsyms 10957/ 2251/ 361/ 7669/ kcore 10999/ 2274/ 392/ 7677/ keys 11/ 2312/ 393/ 7687/ key-users 11463/ 2322/ 394/ 7780/ kmsg 11524/ 2336/ 398/ 7838/ loadavg 11539/ 2337/ 399/ 7839/ locks 11569/ 2344/ 4/ 7871/ mdstat 11600/ 2350/ 403/ 7873/ meminfo 11601/ 2359/ 416/ 7983/ misc 11770/ 2377/ 429/ 7987/ modules 11812/ 2398/ 454/ 8/ mounts 12429/ 2415/ 487/ 8045/ mtrr 12430/ 2420/ 5/ 8046/ net/ 12464/ 2433/ 5440/ 8078/ partitions 12494/ 2442/ 5667/ 8253/ schedstat 12502/ 2464/ 5725/ 8305/ scsi/ 12560/ 2472/ 5726/ 8307/ self/ 12561/ 2482/ 5986/ 8365/ slabinfo 127/ 2492/ 6/ 8366/ stat 128/ 2493/ 6007/ 8398/ swaps 131/ 2494/ 6010/ 8444/ sys/ 133/ 2495/ 6068/ 9/ sysrq-trigger 13969/ 2496/ 6069/ 9038/ sysvipc/ 13990/ 2498/ 6422/ 9085/ tty/ 15/ 2499/ 6488/ 9148/ uptime 1598/ 2501/ 6489/ 9149/ version 1599/ 2502/ 6845/ 9403/ vmcore
ro root=LABEL=/ rhgb quiet
processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 23 model name : Pentium(R) Dual-Core CPU E5400 @ 2.70GHz stepping : 10 cpu MHz : 2700.197 cache size : 2048 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 2 core id : 0 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 0 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 13 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr lahf_lm bogomips : 5400.39 processor : 1 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 23 model name : Pentium(R) Dual-Core CPU E5400 @ 2.70GHz stepping : 10 cpu MHz : 2700.197 cache size : 2048 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 2 core id : 1 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 1 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 13 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc pni monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr lahf_lm bogomips : 5399.95
rootfs / rootfs rw 0 0 /dev/root / ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0 /dev /dev tmpfs rw 0 0 /proc /proc proc rw 0 0 /sys /sys sysfs rw 0 0 /proc/bus/usb /proc/bus/usb usbfs rw 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts rw 0 0 /dev/LVM/usr /usr ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0 /dev/LVM/home /home ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0 /dev/LVM/var /var ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0 /dev/LVM/tmp /tmp ext3 rw,data=ordered 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs rw 0 0 none /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc rw 0 0 sunrpc /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs rpc_pipefs rw 0 0 /etc/auto.misc /misc autofs rw,fd=7,pgrp=2398,timeout=300,minproto=5,maxproto=5,indirect 0 0 -hosts /net autofs rw,fd=13,pgrp=2398,timeout=300,minproto=5,maxproto=5,indirect 0 0 nfsd /proc/fs/nfsd nfsd rw 0 0 /dev/cdrom /mnt iso9660 ro 0 0 /dev/sdb1 /media vfat rw,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=cp437,iocharset=ascii,utf8 0 0
anycast6 ip6_flowlabel netstat rt6_stats stat/ arp ip_mr_cache packet rt_acct tcp dev ip_mr_vif protocols rt_cache tcp6 dev_mcast ipv6_route psched snmp tr_rif dev_snmp6/ mcfilter raw snmp6 udp if_inet6 mcfilter6 raw6 sockstat udp6 igmp netfilter/ route sockstat6 unix igmp6 netlink rpc/ softnet_stat wireless
IP address HW type Flags HW address Mask Device 192.168.15.5 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:56:70 * eth0 192.168.15.3 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:55:7C * eth0 192.168.15.7 0x1 0x2 E0:CB:4E:DD:EA:D7 * eth0 192.168.15.12 0x1 0x2 E0:CB:4E:DD:E8:A7 * eth0 192.168.15.13 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:56:60 * eth0 192.168.15.9 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:CA:E7:52 * eth0 192.168.15.254 0x1 0x2 00:1F:29:BC:3A:D8 * eth0 192.168.15.2 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:56:74 * eth0 192.168.15.11 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:CA:EE:82 * eth0 192.168.15.1 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:CA:E6:A2 * eth0 192.168.15.8 0x1 0x2 00:26:18:E4:55:BB * eth0 192.168.15.10 0x1 0x2 E0:CB:4E:DD:EA:1A * eth0
Iface Destination Gateway Flags RefCnt Use Metric Mask MTU Window IRTT eth0 000FA8C0 00000000 0001 0 0 0 00FFFFFF 0 0 0 eth0 0000FEA9 00000000 0001 0 0 0 0000FFFF 0 0 0 eth0 00000000 FE0FA8C0 0003 0 0 0 00000000 0 0 0
0
Время первой команды журнала | 12:26:59 2010- 6- 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 13:18:11 2010- 6- 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 15.84 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.99 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.85 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 1.97 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
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В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
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Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
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Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008