/l3/users/22-06-2009/fbsd-adm/fbsd2.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 :28 :29 :30 :31 :32 :33 :34 :35 |
|
#su - 123
You can make a log of your terminal session with script(1). $ bash [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ touch /tmp/testdir/file2 [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ ls -l /tmp/testdir/file2 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:45 /tmp/testdir/file2 [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ id uid=1004(123) gid=1004(123) groups=1004(123) [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ exit exit $ exit |
#su - 123
You can make a log of your terminal session with script(1). $ bash [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ touch /tmp/testdir/file2 [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ ls -l /tmp/testdir/file2 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:45 /tmp/testdir/file2 [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ id uid=1004(123) gid=1004(123) groups=1004(123) [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ exit exit $ exit |
#su - 123
You can make a log of your terminal session with script(1). $ bash [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ touch /tmp/testdir/file2 [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ ls -l /tmp/testdir/file2 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:45 /tmp/testdir/file2 [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ id uid=1004(123) gid=1004(123) groups=1004(123) [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ exit exit $ exit |
#ls -l testdir/
total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0 Jul 8 21:43 file1 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:45 file2 |
#ls -l testdir/
total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0 Jul 8 21:43 file1 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:45 file2 |
#ls -l testdir/
total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0 Jul 8 21:43 file1 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:45 file2 |
#ls -ld testdir/
drwsr-xrwx 2 root wheel 512 Jul 8 21:45 testdir/ |
#ls -ld testdir/
drwsr-xrwx 2 root wheel 512 Jul 8 21:45 testdir/ |
#ls -ld testdir/
drwsr-xrwx 2 root wheel 512 Jul 8 21:45 testdir/ |
#chmod u-s,g+s testdir/
|
#chmod u-s,g+s testdir/
|
#chmod u-s,g+s testdir/
|
#ls -ld testdir/
drwxr-srwx 2 root wheel 512 Jul 8 21:45 testdir/ |
#ls -ld testdir/
drwxr-srwx 2 root wheel 512 Jul 8 21:45 testdir/ |
#ls -ld testdir/
drwxr-srwx 2 root wheel 512 Jul 8 21:45 testdir/ |
#touch testdir/file3
|
#ls -l testdir/
total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0 Jul 8 21:43 file1 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:45 file2 -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0 Jul 8 21:47 file3 |
#su - 123
If you `set watch = (0 any any)' in tcsh, you will be notified when someone logs in or out of your system. $ bash [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ touch /tmp/testdir/file4 [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ ls -l /tmp/testdir/ total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0 Jul 8 21:43 file1 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:45 file2 -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0 Jul 8 21:47 file3 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:47 file4 ... /dev/ad0s1a 1.9G 91M 1.7G 5% / devfs 1.0K 1.0K 0B 100% /dev /dev/ad0s2e 496M 1.0M 455M 0% /tmp /dev/ad0s2f 3.4G 2.5G 634M 80% /usr /dev/ad0s2d 1.9G 38M 1.7G 2% /var 192.168.16.254:/data/iso 220G 217G 3.4G 98% /mnt /dev/md0 4.3G 4.3G 0B 100% /mnt1 [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ exit exit $ exit |
#su - 123
If you `set watch = (0 any any)' in tcsh, you will be notified when someone logs in or out of your system. $ bash [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ touch /tmp/testdir/file4 [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ ls -l /tmp/testdir/ total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0 Jul 8 21:43 file1 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:45 file2 -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0 Jul 8 21:47 file3 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:47 file4 ... /dev/ad0s1a 1.9G 91M 1.7G 5% / devfs 1.0K 1.0K 0B 100% /dev /dev/ad0s2e 496M 1.0M 455M 0% /tmp /dev/ad0s2f 3.4G 2.5G 634M 80% /usr /dev/ad0s2d 1.9G 38M 1.7G 2% /var 192.168.16.254:/data/iso 220G 217G 3.4G 98% /mnt /dev/md0 4.3G 4.3G 0B 100% /mnt1 [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ exit exit $ exit |
#su - 123
If you `set watch = (0 any any)' in tcsh, you will be notified when someone logs in or out of your system. $ bash [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ touch /tmp/testdir/file4 [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ ls -l /tmp/testdir/ total 0 -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0 Jul 8 21:43 file1 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:45 file2 -rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 0 Jul 8 21:47 file3 -rw-r--r-- 1 123 wheel 0 Jul 8 21:47 file4 ... /dev/ad0s1a 1.9G 91M 1.7G 5% / devfs 1.0K 1.0K 0B 100% /dev /dev/ad0s2e 496M 1.0M 455M 0% /tmp /dev/ad0s2f 3.4G 2.5G 634M 80% /usr /dev/ad0s2d 1.9G 38M 1.7G 2% /var 192.168.16.254:/data/iso 220G 217G 3.4G 98% /mnt /dev/md0 4.3G 4.3G 0B 100% /mnt1 [123@fbsd2 /usr/home/123]$ exit exit $ exit |
#exit
exit There are stopped jobs. |
#exit
exit There are stopped jobs. |
#exit
exit There are stopped jobs. |
#ls
.ICEauthority .gnome2 .mailrc .bash_history .gnome2_private .metacity .bash_profile .gstreamer-0.10 .nautilus .bashrc .gtkrc-1.2-gnome2 .profile .cshrc .hushlogin .recently-used.xbel .dmrc .l3rc .rhosts .fontconfig .lilalo .shrc .gconf .login .xsession-errors .gconfd .login_conf 123 .gnome .mail_aliases Desktop |
#ls
.ICEauthority .gnome2 .mailrc .bash_history .gnome2_private .metacity .bash_profile .gstreamer-0.10 .nautilus .bashrc .gtkrc-1.2-gnome2 .profile .cshrc .hushlogin .recently-used.xbel .dmrc .l3rc .rhosts .fontconfig .lilalo .shrc .gconf .login .xsession-errors .gconfd .login_conf 123 .gnome .mail_aliases Desktop |
#file /dev/
acpi bpsm0 kbdmux0 nfslock ttyd0.init ttyv9 ad0 console klog null ttyd0.lock ttyva ad0s1 consolectl kmem pci ttyp0 ttyvb ad0s1a ctty log ppi0 ttyp1 ttyvc ad0s1c cuad0 lpt0 psm0 ttyp2 ttyvd ad0s2 cuad0.init lpt0.ctl ptyp0 ttyp3 ttyve ad0s2b cuad0.lock md0 ptyp1 ttyv0 ttyvf ad0s2c devctl mdctl ptyp2 ttyv1 ums0 ad0s2d devstat mem ptyp3 ttyv2 urandom ad0s2e fd/ net/ random ttyv3 usb ad0s2f fido net1 stderr ttyv4 usb0 apm geom.ctl net2 stdin ttyv5 xpt0 ata io net3 stdout ttyv6 zero atkbd0 kbd0 network sysmouse ttyv7 bpf0 kbd1 nfs4 ttyd0 ttyv8 |
#file /dev/io
/dev/io: character special (0/14) |
#file /dev/
acpi bpsm0 kbdmux0 nfslock ttyd0.init ttyv9 ad0 console klog null ttyd0.lock ttyva ad0s1 consolectl kmem pci ttyp0 ttyvb ad0s1a ctty log ppi0 ttyp1 ttyvc ad0s1c cuad0 lpt0 psm0 ttyp2 ttyvd ad0s2 cuad0.init lpt0.ctl ptyp0 ttyp3 ttyve ad0s2b cuad0.lock md0 ptyp1 ttyv0 ttyvf ad0s2c devctl mdctl ptyp2 ttyv1 ums0 ad0s2d devstat mem ptyp3 ttyv2 urandom ad0s2e fd/ net/ random ttyv3 usb ad0s2f fido net1 stderr ttyv4 usb0 apm geom.ctl net2 stdin ttyv5 xpt0 ata io net3 stdout ttyv6 zero atkbd0 kbd0 network sysmouse ttyv7 bpf0 kbd1 nfs4 ttyd0 ttyv8 |
#file /dev/io
/dev/io: character special (0/14) |
#file /dev/
acpi bpsm0 kbdmux0 nfslock ttyd0.init ttyv9 ad0 console klog null ttyd0.lock ttyva ad0s1 consolectl kmem pci ttyp0 ttyvb ad0s1a ctty log ppi0 ttyp1 ttyvc ad0s1c cuad0 lpt0 psm0 ttyp2 ttyvd ad0s2 cuad0.init lpt0.ctl ptyp0 ttyp3 ttyve ad0s2b cuad0.lock md0 ptyp1 ttyv0 ttyvf ad0s2c devctl mdctl ptyp2 ttyv1 ums0 ad0s2d devstat mem ptyp3 ttyv2 urandom ad0s2e fd/ net/ random ttyv3 usb ad0s2f fido net1 stderr ttyv4 usb0 apm geom.ctl net2 stdin ttyv5 xpt0 ata io net3 stdout ttyv6 zero atkbd0 kbd0 network sysmouse ttyv7 bpf0 kbd1 nfs4 ttyd0 ttyv8 |
#file /dev/io
/dev/io: character special (0/14) |
#less /etc/passwd
|
#less /etc/passwd
|
#less /etc/passwd
|
#passwd
Changing local password for root New Password: Retype New Password: |
#passwd
Changing local password for root New Password: Retype New Password: |
#passwd
Changing local password for root New Password: Retype New Password: |
#passwd
Changing local password for root New Password: Retype New Password: |
#passwd
Changing local password for root New Password: Retype New Password: |
#passwd
Changing local password for root New Password: Retype New Password: |
#pw
usage: pw [user|group|lock|unlock] [add|del|mod|show|next] [help|switches/values] |
#pw
usage: pw [user|group|lock|unlock] [add|del|mod|show|next] [help|switches/values] |
#pw
usage: pw [user|group|lock|unlock] [add|del|mod|show|next] [help|switches/values] |
#pw user
usage: pw user [add|del|mod|show|next] [help|switches/values] |
#pw user
usage: pw user [add|del|mod|show|next] [help|switches/values] |
#pw user
usage: pw user [add|del|mod|show|next] [help|switches/values] |
#dmesg
pid 2785 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2786 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2787 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2784 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2798 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2799 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2800 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2797 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2810 (gdmlogin), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2820 (gdmlogin), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) ... pid 3518 (gdmlogin), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 3528 (gdmlogin), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 3539 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3540 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3541 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3538 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 3552 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3553 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3554 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3551 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) |
#dmesg
pid 2785 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2786 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2787 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2784 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2798 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2799 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2800 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2797 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2810 (gdmlogin), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2820 (gdmlogin), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) ... pid 3518 (gdmlogin), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 3528 (gdmlogin), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 3539 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3540 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3541 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3538 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 3552 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3553 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3554 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3551 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) |
#dmesg
pid 2785 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2786 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2787 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2784 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2798 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2799 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2800 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2797 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2810 (gdmlogin), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2820 (gdmlogin), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) ... pid 3518 (gdmlogin), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 3528 (gdmlogin), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 3539 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3540 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3541 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3538 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 3552 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3553 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3554 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3551 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) |
#dmesg | grep ?86
|
#dmesg | grep ?86
|
#dmesg | grep ?86
|
#dmesg | grep 386
|
#dmesg | grep 386
|
#dmesg | grep 386
|
#dmesg | grep 486
pid 1486 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 |
#dmesg | grep 486
pid 1486 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 |
#dmesg | grep 486
pid 1486 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 |
#dmesg | grep 586
|
#dmesg | grep 586
|
#dmesg | grep 586
|
#dmesg | grep 586
|
#dmesg | grep `?`86
bash: 1: ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU Q6600 @ 2.40GHz (2405.53-MHz 686-class CPU) pid 1086 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 1486 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1867 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1868 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1869 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1866 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2086 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2286 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2786 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2869 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2986 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3086 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) |
#dmesg | grep `?`86
bash: 1: ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU Q6600 @ 2.40GHz (2405.53-MHz 686-class CPU) pid 1086 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 1486 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1867 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1868 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1869 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1866 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2086 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2286 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2786 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2869 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2986 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3086 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) |
#dmesg | grep `?`86
bash: 1: ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU Q6600 @ 2.40GHz (2405.53-MHz 686-class CPU) pid 1086 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 1486 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1867 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1868 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1869 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1866 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2086 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2286 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2786 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2869 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2986 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3086 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) |
#dmesg | grep `?`86
bash: 1: ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU Q6600 @ 2.40GHz (2405.53-MHz 686-class CPU) pid 1086 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 1486 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1867 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1868 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1869 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 1866 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2086 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2286 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2786 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 2869 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) pid 2986 (gdm-binary), uid 92: exited on signal 6 pid 3086 (gdmgreeter), uid 92: exited on signal 6 (core dumped) |
#jobs
|
#jobs
|
#jobs
|
#pstree
bash: pstree: ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ |
#pstree
bash: pstree: ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ |
#pstree
bash: pstree: ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ |
#ps tree
ps: /dev/ttyree and /dev/ree: No such file or directory |
#ps tree
ps: /dev/ttyree and /dev/ree: No such file or directory |
#ps tree
ps: /dev/ttyree and /dev/ree: No such file or directory |
#ps tree -t
ps: /dev/ttyree and /dev/ree: No such file or directory ps: option requires an argument -- t usage: ps [-aCcefHhjlmrSTuvwXxZ] [-O fmt | -o fmt] [-G gid[,gid...]] [-M core] [-N system] [-p pid[,pid...]] [-t tty[,tty...]] [-U user[,user...]] ps [-L] |
#ps tree -t
ps: /dev/ttyree and /dev/ree: No such file or directory ps: option requires an argument -- t usage: ps [-aCcefHhjlmrSTuvwXxZ] [-O fmt | -o fmt] [-G gid[,gid...]] [-M core] [-N system] [-p pid[,pid...]] [-t tty[,tty...]] [-U user[,user...]] ps [-L] |
#ps tree -t
ps: /dev/ttyree and /dev/ree: No such file or directory ps: option requires an argument -- t usage: ps [-aCcefHhjlmrSTuvwXxZ] [-O fmt | -o fmt] [-G gid[,gid...]] [-M core] [-N system] [-p pid[,pid...]] [-t tty[,tty...]] [-U user[,user...]] ps [-L] |
#top
last pid: 61133; load averages: 1.00, 1.00, 1.00 up 7+23:27:57 18:35:02 4 7 31 processes33.5 running 0.0 sleepin66.2 0.4 CPU states: 35.7% user, 0.0% nice, 64.3% system, 0.0% interrupt, 0.0% idle Command not understood Mem: 31M Active, 202M Inact, 66M Wired, 604K Cache, 48M Buf, 80M Free 5 8.68 5 0 8 nanslp 0 Displaying CPU ... 585 root 1 96 0 1404K 1072K select 0:01 0.00% syslogd 293 _dhcp 1 96 0 1472K 1124K select 0:01 0.00% dhclient 644 root 1 96 0 1296K 824K select 0:00 0.00% usbd 3543 root 1 96 0 7284K 6184K select 0:00 0.00% Xvnc 753 smmsp 1 20 0 3408K 2800K pause 0:00 0.00% sendmail 456 root 1 96 0 1436K 912K select 0:00 0.00% moused 60903 root 1 8 0 3316K 2148K wait 0:00 0.00% bash 60861 root 1 96 0 1348K 936K RUN 0:00 0.00% script 52506 root 1 5 0 3324K 2156K ttyin 0:00 0.00% bash 52464 root 1 96 0 1348K 936K select 0:00 0.00% script |
#top
last pid: 61133; load averages: 1.00, 1.00, 1.00 up 7+23:27:57 18:35:02 4 7 31 processes33.5 running 0.0 sleepin66.2 0.4 CPU states: 35.7% user, 0.0% nice, 64.3% system, 0.0% interrupt, 0.0% idle Command not understood Mem: 31M Active, 202M Inact, 66M Wired, 604K Cache, 48M Buf, 80M Free 5 8.68 5 0 8 nanslp 0 Displaying CPU ... 585 root 1 96 0 1404K 1072K select 0:01 0.00% syslogd 293 _dhcp 1 96 0 1472K 1124K select 0:01 0.00% dhclient 644 root 1 96 0 1296K 824K select 0:00 0.00% usbd 3543 root 1 96 0 7284K 6184K select 0:00 0.00% Xvnc 753 smmsp 1 20 0 3408K 2800K pause 0:00 0.00% sendmail 456 root 1 96 0 1436K 912K select 0:00 0.00% moused 60903 root 1 8 0 3316K 2148K wait 0:00 0.00% bash 60861 root 1 96 0 1348K 936K RUN 0:00 0.00% script 52506 root 1 5 0 3324K 2156K ttyin 0:00 0.00% bash 52464 root 1 96 0 1348K 936K select 0:00 0.00% script |
#top
last pid: 61133; load averages: 1.00, 1.00, 1.00 up 7+23:27:57 18:35:02 4 7 31 processes33.5 running 0.0 sleepin66.2 0.4 CPU states: 35.7% user, 0.0% nice, 64.3% system, 0.0% interrupt, 0.0% idle Command not understood Mem: 31M Active, 202M Inact, 66M Wired, 604K Cache, 48M Buf, 80M Free 5 8.68 5 0 8 nanslp 0 Displaying CPU ... 585 root 1 96 0 1404K 1072K select 0:01 0.00% syslogd 293 _dhcp 1 96 0 1472K 1124K select 0:01 0.00% dhclient 644 root 1 96 0 1296K 824K select 0:00 0.00% usbd 3543 root 1 96 0 7284K 6184K select 0:00 0.00% Xvnc 753 smmsp 1 20 0 3408K 2800K pause 0:00 0.00% sendmail 456 root 1 96 0 1436K 912K select 0:00 0.00% moused 60903 root 1 8 0 3316K 2148K wait 0:00 0.00% bash 60861 root 1 96 0 1348K 936K RUN 0:00 0.00% script 52506 root 1 5 0 3324K 2156K ttyin 0:00 0.00% bash 52464 root 1 96 0 1348K 936K select 0:00 0.00% script |
#pgrep
usage: pgrep [-LSfilnovx] [-d delim] [-F pidfile] [-G gid] [-M core] [-N system] [-P ppid] [-U uid] [-g pgrp] [-j jid] [-s sid] [-t tty] [-u euid] pattern ... |
#pgrep
usage: pgrep [-LSfilnovx] [-d delim] [-F pidfile] [-G gid] [-M core] [-N system] [-P ppid] [-U uid] [-g pgrp] [-j jid] [-s sid] [-t tty] [-u euid] pattern ... |
#pgrep
usage: pgrep [-LSfilnovx] [-d delim] [-F pidfile] [-G gid] [-M core] [-N system] [-P ppid] [-U uid] [-g pgrp] [-j jid] [-s sid] [-t tty] [-u euid] pattern ... |
#pgrep -l
usage: pgrep [-LSfilnovx] [-d delim] [-F pidfile] [-G gid] [-M core] [-N system] [-P ppid] [-U uid] [-g pgrp] [-j jid] [-s sid] [-t tty] [-u euid] pattern ... |
#pgrep -l
usage: pgrep [-LSfilnovx] [-d delim] [-F pidfile] [-G gid] [-M core] [-N system] [-P ppid] [-U uid] [-g pgrp] [-j jid] [-s sid] [-t tty] [-u euid] pattern ... |
#pgrep -l
usage: pgrep [-LSfilnovx] [-d delim] [-F pidfile] [-G gid] [-M core] [-N system] [-P ppid] [-U uid] [-g pgrp] [-j jid] [-s sid] [-t tty] [-u euid] pattern ... |
#pgrep -aux
pgrep: illegal option -- a usage: pgrep [-LSfilnovx] [-d delim] [-F pidfile] [-G gid] [-M core] [-N system] [-P ppid] [-U uid] [-g pgrp] [-j jid] [-s sid] [-t tty] [-u euid] pattern ... |
#pgrep -aux
pgrep: illegal option -- a usage: pgrep [-LSfilnovx] [-d delim] [-F pidfile] [-G gid] [-M core] [-N system] [-P ppid] [-U uid] [-g pgrp] [-j jid] [-s sid] [-t tty] [-u euid] pattern ... |
#pgrep -aux
pgrep: illegal option -- a usage: pgrep [-LSfilnovx] [-d delim] [-F pidfile] [-G gid] [-M core] [-N system] [-P ppid] [-U uid] [-g pgrp] [-j jid] [-s sid] [-t tty] [-u euid] pattern ... |
#ps
PID TT STAT TIME COMMAND 52463 v0 Is+ 0:00,01 login [pam] (login) 52464 v0 I+ 0:00,03 script -t 0 -q /root/.lilalo//3073729372792917454-124 800 v1 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv1 60857 v2 Is+ 0:00,02 login [pam] (login) 60861 v2 S+ 0:00,06 script -t 0 -q /root/.lilalo//25739257201673323819-12 802 v3 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv3 803 v4 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv4 804 v5 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv5 805 v6 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv6 806 v7 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv7 273 con- I+ 0:01,13 dhclient: re0 [priv] (dhclient) 52506 p0 Is+ 0:00,04 /usr/local/bin/bash -i 60903 p1 Ss 0:00,10 /usr/local/bin/bash -i 61179 p1 R+ 0:00,00 ps |
#ps
PID TT STAT TIME COMMAND 52463 v0 Is+ 0:00,01 login [pam] (login) 52464 v0 I+ 0:00,03 script -t 0 -q /root/.lilalo//3073729372792917454-124 800 v1 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv1 60857 v2 Is+ 0:00,02 login [pam] (login) 60861 v2 S+ 0:00,06 script -t 0 -q /root/.lilalo//25739257201673323819-12 802 v3 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv3 803 v4 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv4 804 v5 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv5 805 v6 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv6 806 v7 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv7 273 con- I+ 0:01,13 dhclient: re0 [priv] (dhclient) 52506 p0 Is+ 0:00,04 /usr/local/bin/bash -i 60903 p1 Ss 0:00,10 /usr/local/bin/bash -i 61179 p1 R+ 0:00,00 ps |
#ps
PID TT STAT TIME COMMAND 52463 v0 Is+ 0:00,01 login [pam] (login) 52464 v0 I+ 0:00,03 script -t 0 -q /root/.lilalo//3073729372792917454-124 800 v1 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv1 60857 v2 Is+ 0:00,02 login [pam] (login) 60861 v2 S+ 0:00,06 script -t 0 -q /root/.lilalo//25739257201673323819-12 802 v3 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv3 803 v4 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv4 804 v5 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv5 805 v6 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv6 806 v7 Is+ 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv7 273 con- I+ 0:01,13 dhclient: re0 [priv] (dhclient) 52506 p0 Is+ 0:00,04 /usr/local/bin/bash -i 60903 p1 Ss 0:00,10 /usr/local/bin/bash -i 61179 p1 R+ 0:00,00 ps |
#pa aux
bash: pa: ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ |
#pa aux
bash: pa: ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ |
#pa aux
bash: pa: ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ |
#ps aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TT STAT STARTED TIME COMMAND root 3542 96,7 1,4 12028 5420 ?? R 1ÉÀÌ09 9872:47,16 /usr/local/sbin/g root 12 1,7 0,0 0 8 ?? WL 1ÉÀÌ09 1484:44,80 [swi4: clock sio] root 0 0,0 0,0 0 0 ?? WLs 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [swapper] root 1 0,0 0,1 768 388 ?? ILs 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,02 /sbin/init -- root 2 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:36,88 [g_event] root 3 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 2:10,56 [g_up] root 4 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 3:35,18 [g_down] root 5 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [thread taskq] root 6 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [xpt_thrd] ... root 60861 0,0 0,2 1348 936 v2 S+ 18:10 0:00,06 script -t 0 -q /r root 802 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v3 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/gett root 803 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v4 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/gett root 804 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v5 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/gett root 805 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v6 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/gett root 806 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v7 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/gett root 273 0,0 0,3 1472 1064 con- I+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:01,13 dhclient: re0 [pr root 52506 0,0 0,5 3324 2156 p0 Is+ 19:50 0:00,04 /usr/local/bin/ba root 60903 0,0 0,5 3316 2148 p1 Ss 18:10 0:00,10 /usr/local/bin/ba root 61195 0,0 0,3 1500 1036 p1 R+ 18:41 0:00,00 ps aux |
#ps aux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TT STAT STARTED TIME COMMAND root 3542 96,7 1,4 12028 5420 ?? R 1ÉÀÌ09 9872:47,16 /usr/local/sbin/g root 12 1,7 0,0 0 8 ?? WL 1ÉÀÌ09 1484:44,80 [swi4: clock sio] root 0 0,0 0,0 0 0 ?? WLs 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [swapper] root 1 0,0 0,1 768 388 ?? ILs 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,02 /sbin/init -- root 2 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:36,88 [g_event] root 3 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 2:10,56 [g_up] root 4 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 3:35,18 [g_down] root 5 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [thread taskq] root 6 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [xpt_thrd] ... root 60861 0,0 0,2 1348 936 v2 S+ 18:10 0:00,06 script -t 0 -q /r root 802 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v3 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/gett root 803 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v4 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/gett root 804 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v5 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/gett root 805 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v6 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/gett root 806 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v7 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/gett root 273 0,0 0,3 1472 1064 con- I+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:01,13 dhclient: re0 [pr root 52506 0,0 0,5 3324 2156 p0 Is+ 19:50 0:00,04 /usr/local/bin/ba root 60903 0,0 0,5 3316 2148 p1 Ss 18:10 0:00,10 /usr/local/bin/ba root 61195 0,0 0,3 1500 1036 p1 R+ 18:41 0:00,00 ps aux |
#ps waux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TT STAT STARTED TIME COMMAND root 3542 99,0 1,4 12028 5420 ?? R 1ÉÀÌ09 9874:16,11 /usr/local/sbin/gdm-binary root 0 0,0 0,0 0 0 ?? WLs 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [swapper] root 1 0,0 0,1 768 388 ?? ILs 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,02 /sbin/init -- root 2 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:36,88 [g_event] root 3 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 2:10,58 [g_up] root 4 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 3:35,19 [g_down] root 5 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [thread taskq] root 6 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [xpt_thrd] root 7 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [acpi_task_0] ... root 60861 0,0 0,2 1348 936 v2 S+ 18:10 0:00,06 script -t 0 -q /root/.lilalo//25739257201673323819-1247152229.script root 802 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v3 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv3 root 803 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v4 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv4 root 804 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v5 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv5 root 805 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v6 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv6 root 806 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v7 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv7 root 273 0,0 0,3 1472 1064 con- I+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:01,13 dhclient: re0 [priv] (dhclient) root 52506 0,0 0,5 3324 2156 p0 Is+ 19:50 0:00,04 /usr/local/bin/bash -i root 60903 0,0 0,5 3316 2148 p1 Ss 18:10 0:00,11 /usr/local/bin/bash -i root 61203 0,0 0,3 1500 1036 p1 R+ 18:42 0:00,00 ps waux |
#ps waux
USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TT STAT STARTED TIME COMMAND root 3542 99,0 1,4 12028 5420 ?? R 1ÉÀÌ09 9874:16,11 /usr/local/sbin/gdm-binary root 0 0,0 0,0 0 0 ?? WLs 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [swapper] root 1 0,0 0,1 768 388 ?? ILs 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,02 /sbin/init -- root 2 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:36,88 [g_event] root 3 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 2:10,58 [g_up] root 4 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 3:35,19 [g_down] root 5 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [thread taskq] root 6 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [xpt_thrd] root 7 0,0 0,0 0 8 ?? DL 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 [acpi_task_0] ... root 60861 0,0 0,2 1348 936 v2 S+ 18:10 0:00,06 script -t 0 -q /root/.lilalo//25739257201673323819-1247152229.script root 802 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v3 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv3 root 803 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v4 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv4 root 804 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v5 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv5 root 805 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v6 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv6 root 806 0,0 0,2 1352 936 v7 Is+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:00,00 /usr/libexec/getty Pc ttyv7 root 273 0,0 0,3 1472 1064 con- I+ 1ÉÀÌ09 0:01,13 dhclient: re0 [priv] (dhclient) root 52506 0,0 0,5 3324 2156 p0 Is+ 19:50 0:00,04 /usr/local/bin/bash -i root 60903 0,0 0,5 3316 2148 p1 Ss 18:10 0:00,11 /usr/local/bin/bash -i root 61203 0,0 0,3 1500 1036 p1 R+ 18:42 0:00,00 ps waux |
Время первой команды журнала | 20:45:39 2009- 7- 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 17:41:22 2009- 7- 9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 34.65 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 5.94 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.81 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 2.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008