/l3/users/29-05-2007/nt-lnet/linux1.net.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 :28 :29 :30 :31 :32 :33 :34 :35 :36 :37 :38 :39 :40 |
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#ifconfig
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms eth3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:90:27:35:58:F2 inet addr:192.168.16.1 Bcast:192.168.16.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::290:27ff:fe35:58f2/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:23060 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:19239 errors:1 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:1 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:7118045 (6.7 MiB) TX bytes:2944570 (2.8 MiB) eth3:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:90:27:35:58:F2 inet addr:172.21.1.2 Bcast:172.21.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:7908 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:7908 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:385597 (376.5 KiB) TX bytes:385597 (376.5 KiB) |
#route add -host 192.168.16.4/24 gw 172.16.21.2
64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms route: netmask 000000ff doesn't make sense with host route Usage: route [-nNvee] [-FC] [<AF>] List kernel routing tables route [-v] [-FC] {add|del|flush} ... Modify routing table for AF. route {-h|--help} [<AF>] Detailed usage syntax for specified AF. route {-V|--version} Display version/author and exit. -v, --verbose be verbose -n, --numeric don't resolve names -e, --extend display other/more information -F, --fib display Forwarding Information Base (default) -C, --cache display routing cache instead of FIB <AF>=Use '-A <af>' or '--<af>'; default: inet List of possible address families (which support routing): inet (DARPA Internet) inet6 (IPv6) ax25 (AMPR AX.25) netrom (AMPR NET/ROM) ipx (Novell IPX) ddp (Appletalk DDP) x25 (CCITT X.25) |
#route add -host 192.168.16.4 gw 172.16.21.2
NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms SIOCADDRT: Network is unreachable |
#route add -host 192.168.16.4 gw 172.16.21.1
NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms SIOCADDRT: Network is unreachable |
#ifconfig
eth3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:90:27:35:58:F2 inet addr:192.168.16.1 Bcast:192.168.16.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::290:27ff:fe35:58f2/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:23705 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:19884 errors:1 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:1 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:7162527 (6.8 MiB) TX bytes:3112299 (2.9 MiB) eth3:1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:90:27:35:58:F2 inet addr:172.21.1.2 Bcast:172.21.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:7908 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:7908 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:385597 (376.5 KiB) TX bytes:385597 (376.5 KiB) |
#route add -host 192.168.16.4/32 gw 172.16.21.1
NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms SIOCADDRT: Network is unreachable |
#route add -host 192.168.16.4/32 gw 172.21.1.1
sit0 Link encap:IPv6-in-IPv4 NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms |
#ping 192.168.16.4
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms PING 192.168.16.4 (192.168.16.4) 56(84) bytes of data. ^[[A --- 192.168.16.4 ping statistics --- 8 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 7001ms |
#tracert 192.168.16.4
NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms bash: tracert: command not found |
#traceroute -n 192.168.16.4
NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms traceroute: "192.168.16.4" bad value for packet length |
#traceroute -n 192.168.16.4
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms traceroute to 192.168.16.4 (192.168.16.4), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets |
#ping 172.21.1.1
PING 172.21.1.1 (172.21.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.268 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.239 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.247 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.1 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.237/0.247/0.268/0.022 ms |
#route -n
[root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.4 172.21.1.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth3 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth3 172.21.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth3 0.0.0.0 192.168.16.15 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth3 |
#traceroute -n 192.168.16.4
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms traceroute to 192.168.16.4 (192.168.16.4), 30 hops max, 40 byte packets 1 * |
#tcpdump -n icmp -i eth3:1
[root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth3:1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes 0 packets captured 0 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel |
#ssh 192.168.16.3
root@192.168.16.3's password: Last login: Thu May 31 11:47:18 2007 from linux1.net.nt Linux linux3 2.6.18-4-686 #1 SMP Mon Mar 26 17:17:36 UTC 2007 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. l3-agent is already running: pid=2884; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
#ssh 192.168.16.3
172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms root@192.168.16.3's password: Last login: Thu May 31 11:54:42 2007 from linux1.net.nt Linux linux3 2.6.18-4-686 #1 SMP Mon Mar 26 17:17:36 UTC 2007 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. l3-agent is already running: pid=2884; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
#tcpdump -n -i eth0 icmp
64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes 11:55:50.355399 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 93, length 64 11:55:51.355245 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 94, length 64 11:55:52.355144 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 95, length 64 11:55:53.355128 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 96, length 64 11:55:54.354943 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 97, length 64 11:55:55.354841 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 98, length 64 11:55:56.354740 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 99, length 64 11:55:57.354651 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 100, length 64 11:55:58.354556 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 101, length 64 11:55:59.354440 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 102, length 64 10 packets captured 10 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel |
#tcpdump -n -i eth1 icmp
[root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes 0 packets captured 0 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel |
#cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms 0 |
#echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
sit0 Link encap:IPv6-in-IPv4 NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms |
#tcpdump -n -i eth1 icmp
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes 11:56:34.350974 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 137, length 64 11:56:35.350909 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 138, length 64 11:56:36.351131 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 139, length 64 11:56:37.354631 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 140, length 64 11:56:38.358538 IP 192.168.16.4 > 172.21.1.2: ICMP echo request, id 9233, seq 141, length 64 5 packets captured 5 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel |
#ls -lh /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2007-05-31 11:57 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward |
#cat /proc/cpuinfo
--- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 15 model : 1 model name : Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 1.80GHz stepping : 3 cpu MHz : 1800.167 cache size : 128 KB fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 2 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm up bogomips : 3603.78 |
#ls -lh /proc/cpuinfo
NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 2007-05-31 11:57 /proc/cpuinfo |
#ls -lh /proc/
dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 0 2007-05-31 09:51 10 dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 0 2007-05-31 09:51 1133 dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 0 2007-05-31 09:51 129 dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 0 2007-05-31 09:51 130 dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 0 2007-05-31 09:51 131 dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 0 2007-05-31 09:51 132 dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 0 2007-05-31 09:51 1428 dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 0 2007-05-31 09:51 1524 dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 0 2007-05-31 09:51 1763 dr-xr-xr-x 5 root root 0 2007-05-31 09:51 1804 ... -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 2007-05-31 11:57 stat -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 2007-05-31 11:57 swaps dr-xr-xr-x 8 root root 0 2007-05-31 11:57 sys --w------- 1 root root 0 2007-05-31 11:57 sysrq-trigger dr-xr-xr-x 2 root root 0 2007-05-31 11:57 sysvipc dr-xr-xr-x 4 root root 0 2007-05-31 11:57 tty -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 2007-05-31 11:57 uptime -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 2007-05-31 11:57 version -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 2007-05-31 11:57 vmstat -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 2007-05-31 11:57 zoneinfo |
#~~
bash: ~~: command not found |
# ls -l /proc/bu
[root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ls -l /proc/bu buddyinfo bus/ [root@linux1:~]# ls -l /proc/bu buddyinfo bus/ [root@linux1:~]# ls -l /proc/bus/ input/ pci/ usb/ [root@linux1:~]# ls -l /proc/bus/pci/ buddyinfo bus/ |
# ls -l /proc/bu
buddyinfo bus/ |
# ls -l /proc/bus/
input/ pci/ usb/ |
# ls -l /proc/bus/pci/
00/ 01/ devices |
# ls -l /proc/bus/pci/devices
buddyinfo bus/ [root@linux1:~]# ls -l /proc/bus/ input/ pci/ usb/ [root@linux1:~]# ls -l /proc/bus/pci/ 00/ 01/ devices [root@linux1:~]# ls -l /proc/bus/pci/devices -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 2007-05-31 09:27 /proc/bus/pci/devices [root@linux1:~]# cat /proc/bus/pci/devices 0000 80862560 0 d8000008 0 0 0 0 0 0 4000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 agpgart-intel 0010 80862562 a9 d0000008 de100000 0 0 0 0 2 8000000 80000 0 0 0 0 0 ... 00ef 808624cd c1 de180000 0 0 0 0 0 0 400 0 0 0 0 0 0 ehci_hcd 00f0 8086244e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00f8 808624c0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00f9 808624cb b9 0 0 0 0 f001 50000000 0 0 0 0 0 10 400 0 PIIX_IDE 00fb 808624c3 c9 0 0 0 0 5001 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 i801_smbus 00fd 808624c5 c9 e001 e401 de181000 de182000 0 0 0 100 40 200 100 0 0 0 Intel ICH 0100 80861229 a9 de000008 c001 dd000000 0 0 0 dc000000 1000 20 100000 0 0 0 100000 e100 0110 10b79200 b9 c401 dd100000 0 0 0 0 de020000 80 80 0 0 0 0 20000 3c59x [root@linux1:~]# -r--r--r-- 1 root root 0 2007-05-31 09:27 /proc/bus/pci/devices |
#cat /proc/bus/pci/devices
0000 80862560 0 d8000008 0 0 0 0 0 0 4000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 agpgart-intel 0010 80862562 a9 d0000008 de100000 0 0 0 0 2 8000000 80000 0 0 0 0 0 00e8 808624c2 a9 0 0 0 0 d801 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 uhci_hcd 00e9 808624c4 b1 0 0 0 0 d001 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 uhci_hcd 00ea 808624c7 b9 0 0 0 0 d401 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 uhci_hcd 00ef 808624cd c1 de180000 0 0 0 0 0 0 400 0 0 0 0 0 0 ehci_hcd 00f0 8086244e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00f8 808624c0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00f9 808624cb b9 0 0 0 0 f001 50000000 0 0 0 0 0 10 400 0 PIIX_IDE 00fb 808624c3 c9 0 0 0 0 5001 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 i801_smbus 00fd 808624c5 c9 e001 e401 de181000 de182000 0 0 0 100 40 200 100 0 0 0 Intel ICH 0100 80861229 a9 de000008 c001 dd000000 0 0 0 dc000000 1000 20 100000 0 0 0 100000 e100 0110 10b79200 b9 c401 dd100000 0 0 0 0 de020000 80 80 0 0 0 0 20000 3c59x FORWARD cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward |
#grep forward /etc/sysctl.conf
00fb 80850013 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 i801_smbus 0 c9 e001 e401 de181000 de182000 00fd 80862405 0 0 100 40 20 100 0 0 0 Intel ICH 0 a9 de000008 c001 dd000000 0 0100 80861209 0 dc000000 1000 20 10000 0 0 0 100000 e100 0 b9 c401 dd100000 0 0 0110 10b79200 0 de020000 80 80 ... # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 [root@linux1:~]# # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
#ssh 192.168.16.3
00f8 808624c0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00f9 808624cb b9 0 0 0 0 f001 50000000 0 0 0 0 0 10 400 0 PIIX_IDE 00fb 808624c3 c9 0 0 0 0 5001 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 i801_smbus 00fd 808624c5 c9 e001 e401 de181000 de182000 0 0 0 100 40 200 100 0 0 0 Intel ICH 0100 80861229 a9 de000008 c001 dd000000 0 0 0 dc000000 1000 20 100000 0 0 0 100000 e100 0110 10b79200 b9 c401 dd100000 0 0 0 0 de020000 80 80 0 0 0 0 20000 3c59x [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ... [root@linux1:~]# grep forward /etc/sysctl.conf # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ssh 192.168.16.3 [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss |
#ls /etc/ss
[root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# #^ FORWARD cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward [root@linux1:~]# grep forward /etc/sysctl.conf # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 ... [root@linux1:~]# ssh 192.168.16.3 [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config ssh/ ssl/ |
#ls /etc/ss
ssh/ ssl/ |
#ls /etc/ssh/
moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key |
#ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config
/etc/ssh/sshd_config |
#man vim
|
#route -n
# Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ssh 192.168.16.3 [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ ... moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.4 172.21.1.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth3 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth3 172.21.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth3 0.0.0.0 192.168.16.15 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth3 |
#> .ssh/known_hosts
[root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# #^ FORWARD cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward [root@linux1:~]# grep forward /etc/sysctl.conf # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 ... [root@linux1:~]# ssh 192.168.16.3 [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config |
#ssh 192.168.16.3
ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config The authenticity of host '192.168.16.3 (192.168.16.3)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 32:96:02:ad:e2:cc:89:02:bd:a9:df:27:25:39:e7:43. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.16.3' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. root@192.168.16.3's password: Last login: Thu May 31 12:04:21 2007 Linux linux3 2.6.18-4-686 #1 SMP Mon Mar 26 17:17:36 UTC 2007 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. l3-agent is already running: pid=2884; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
#exit
[root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# #^ FORWARD cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward [root@linux1:~]# grep forward /etc/sysctl.conf # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 [root@linux1:~]# ... [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config Connection to 192.168.16.3 closed. |
#ssh 192.168.16.3
[root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ssh 192.168.16.3 [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config root@192.168.16.3's password: Last login: Thu May 31 12:18:08 2007 from linux1.net.nt Linux linux3 2.6.18-4-686 #1 SMP Mon Mar 26 17:17:36 UTC 2007 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. l3-agent is already running: pid=2884; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
#exit
Connection to 192.168.16.3 closed. |
#ls -l /etc/ssh/
итого 160 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 132777 2007-03-05 18:38 moduli -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1424 2007-03-05 18:38 ssh_config -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1874 2007-05-25 19:15 sshd_config -rw------- 1 root root 668 2007-05-25 19:15 ssh_host_dsa_key -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 601 2007-05-25 19:15 ssh_host_dsa_key.pub -rw------- 1 root root 1675 2007-05-25 19:15 ssh_host_rsa_key -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 393 2007-05-25 19:15 ssh_host_rsa_key.pub |
#md5sum /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
[root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# #^ FORWARD cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward [root@linux1:~]# grep forward /etc/sysctl.conf # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 [root@linux1:~]# ... [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config 995310d5353ee666d51b81bb0d36753e /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub |
#md5sum /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
c8a112d23c67d362b488a5aeb6e505a2 /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key |
#route del -host 192.168.16.4
[root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# #^ FORWARD cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward [root@linux1:~]# grep forward /etc/sysctl.conf # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 ... [root@linux1:~]# ssh 192.168.16.3 [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth3 172.21.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth3 0.0.0.0 192.168.16.15 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth3 |
#man ssh
|
#apt-get install openssh-server
[root@linux1:~]# #^ FORWARD cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward [root@linux1:~]# grep forward /etc/sysctl.conf # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ssh 192.168.16.3 ... ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config Чтение списков пакетов... Готово Построение дерева зависимостей... Готово Уже установлена самая новая версия openssh-server. обновлено 0, установлено 0 новых пакетов, для удаления отмечено 0 пакетов, и 0 пакетов не обновлено. |
#vim .bashrc
17a18 > . /etc/bash_completion |
#. .bashrc
|
#apt-cache search ssh
secvpn - Secure Virtual Private Network shfs-source - (secure) SHell File System module source shfs-utils - (secure) SHell File System mount programs slbackup - Skolelinux Backup system ssh - Secure shell client and server (transitional package) ssh-askpass - under X, asks user for a passphrase for ssh-add ssh-askpass-fullscreen - Under Gnome2, asks user for a passphrase for ssh-add ssh-askpass-gnome - under X, asks user for a passphrase for ssh-add ssh-krb5 - Secure shell client and server (transitional package) sshfs - filesystem client based on SSH File Transfer Protocol ... tinyhoneypot - Small honeypot to trap attackers tramp - remote file access in Emacs unison - A file-synchronization tool for Unix and Windows unison2.9.1 - A file-synchronization tool for Unix and Windows vncsnapshot - A utility that takes JPEG snapshots from VNC servers webcam - capture and upload images whowatch - Real-time user logins monitoring tool xutils - X Window System utility programs zssh - interactive file transfers over ssh libssl0.9.8 - SSL shared libraries |
#apt-cache search ssh | less
|
#dpkg -l | grep openssh*
ii openssh-client 4.3p2-9 Secure shell client, an rlogin/rsh/rcp repla ii openssh-server 4.3p2-9 Secure shell server, an rshd replacement ii openssl 0.9.8e-4 Secure Socket Layer (SSL) binary and related |
#ls -l /usr/share/doc/open
#net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ssh 192.168.16.3 [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ ... /etc/ssh/sshd_config openbsd-inetd/ openoffice.org-gnome/ openoffice.org-l10n-sr-cs/ openoffice.org/ openoffice.org-gtk/ openoffice.org-math/ openoffice.org-base/ openoffice.org-help-en-us/ openoffice.org-thesaurus-en-us/ openoffice.org-calc/ openoffice.org-help-ru/ openoffice.org-writer/ openoffice.org-common/ openoffice.org-impress/ openssh-client/ openoffice.org-core/ openoffice.org-java-common/ openssh-server/ openoffice.org-draw/ openoffice.org-l10n-be-by/ openssl/ openoffice.org-evolution/ openoffice.org-l10n-bg/ openoffice.org-gcj/ openoffice.org-l10n-ru/ |
#ls -l /usr/share/doc/openssh-server/
[root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# #^ FORWARD cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward [root@linux1:~]# grep forward /etc/sysctl.conf # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ... ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config changelog.Debian.gz copyright OVERVIEW.gz README.Debian.gz README.tun.gz changelog.gz NEWS.Debian.gz README README.dns |
#zless /usr/share/doc/openssh-server/OVERVIEW.gz
|
#zless /usr/share/doc/openssh-server/
|
#zless /usr/share/doc/openssh-server/
|
#ss
ss ssh ssh-add ssh-agent ssh-argv0 ssh-copy-id sshd ssh-keygen ssh-keyscan |
#ssh --version
usage: ssh [-1246AaCfgKkMNnqsTtVvXxY] [-b bind_address] [-c cipher_spec] [-D [bind_address:]port] [-e escape_char] [-F configfile] [-i identity_file] [-L [bind_address:]port:host:hostport] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec] [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-p port] [-R [bind_address:]port:host:hostport] [-S ctl_path] [-w tunnel:tunnel] [user@]hostname [command] |
#man ssh
|
#ls -l /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
[root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# #^ FORWARD cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward [root@linux1:~]# grep forward /etc/sysctl.conf # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 [root@linux1:~]# ... [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config -rw------- 1 root root 668 2007-05-25 19:15 /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key |
#ssh --help
-6 Forces sshd to use IPv6 addresses only. -b bits SSHD(8) BSD System Manager’s Manual SSHD(8) NAME sshd - OpenSSH SSH daemon SYNOPSIS sshd [-46Ddeiqt] [-b bits] [-f config_file] [-g login_grace_time] [-h host_key_file] [-k key_gen_time] [-o option] [-p port] [-u len] DESCRIPTION sshd (OpenSSH Daemon) is the daemon program for ssh(1). Together these programs replace rlogin and rsh, and provide ... -d Debug mode. The server sends verbose debug output to the system log, and does not put itself in the back‐ ground. The server also will not fork and will only process one connection. This option is only intended for debugging for the server. Multiple -d options increase the debugging level. Maximum is 3. -e When this option is specified, sshd will send the output to the standard error instead of the system log. -f configuration_file Specifies the name of the configuration file. The default is /etc/ssh/sshd_config. sshd refuses to start if there is no configuration file. -g login_grace_time Gives the grace time for clients to authenticate themselves (default 120 seconds). If the client fails to authenticate the user within this many seconds, the server disconnects and exits. A value of zero indicates |
#^M
: command not found |
#vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
|
#man sshd
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#man sshd
|
#man sshd
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#man sshd_config
|
#apt-get install vim
[root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config Чтение списков пакетов... Готово Построение дерева зависимостей... Готово Некоторые пакеты невозможно установить. Возможно, Вы просите невозможного, или же используете нестабильного дистрибутив, и запрошенные Вами пакеты ещё не созданы или были удалены из Incoming. Так как Вы просили выполнить только одну операцию, то вероятнее всего, что пакет просто не может быть установлен из-за ошибок в самом пакете. Необходимо послать отчёт об этой ошибке. Следующая информация возможно поможет Вам: Пакеты, имеющие неудовлетворённые зависимости: vim: Зависит: vim-common (= 1:7.0-122+1etch2) но 1:7.0-219+1 будет установлен E: Сломанные пакеты |
#apt-get update
[root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ssh 192.168.16.3 [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ... Получено:1 http://debian.org.ua etch Release.gpg [378B] В кэше http://debian.org.ua etch Release Ign http://debian.org.ua etch/contrib Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://debian.org.ua etch/main Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://debian.org.ua etch/non-free Packages/DiffIndex В кэше http://debian.org.ua etch/contrib Packages В кэше http://debian.org.ua etch/main Packages В кэше http://debian.org.ua etch/non-free Packages Получено 378B за 1s (204B/c) Чтение списков пакетов... Готово |
#apt-get install vim
Чтение списков пакетов... Готово Построение дерева зависимостей... Готово Некоторые пакеты невозможно установить. Возможно, Вы просите невозможного, или же используете нестабильного дистрибутив, и запрошенные Вами пакеты ещё не созданы или были удалены из Incoming. Так как Вы просили выполнить только одну операцию, то вероятнее всего, что пакет просто не может быть установлен из-за ошибок в самом пакете. Необходимо послать отчёт об этой ошибке. Следующая информация возможно поможет Вам: Пакеты, имеющие неудовлетворённые зависимости: vim: Зависит: vim-common (= 1:7.0-122+1etch2) но 1:7.0-219+1 будет установлен E: Сломанные пакеты |
#apt-get --purge remove vim-
[root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# #^ FORWARD cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward [root@linux1:~]# grep forward /etc/sysctl.conf # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv4 #net.ipv4.conf.default.forwarding=1 # Uncomment the next line to enable packet forwarding for IPv6 #net.ipv6.conf.default.forwarding=1 [root@linux1:~]# ... [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config vim-common vim-tiny |
#apt-get --purge remove vim-
vim-common vim-tiny |
#apt-get --purge remove vim-
vim-common vim-tiny |
#apt-get --purge remove vim-common vi
vim-common vim-tiny vino |
#apt-get --purge remove vim-common vim-tiny -y
[root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# [root@linux1:~]# ssh 192.168.16.3 [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ss ssh/ ssl/ [root@linux1:~]# ls /etc/ssh/ moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub ... ЧÑение ÑпиÑков пакеÑов... ÐоÑово ÐоÑÑÑоение деÑева завиÑимоÑÑей... ÐоÑово ÐакеÑÑ, коÑоÑÑе бÑдÑÑ Ð£ÐÐÐ-common* vim-tiny* обновлено 0, ÑÑÑановлено 0 новÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑов, Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ´Ð°Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ÑмеÑено 2 пакеÑов, и 0 пакеÑов не обновлено. ÐÐµÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ ÑкаÑаÑÑ 0РаÑÑ Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ð². ÐоÑле ÑаÑпаковки обÑем занÑÑого диÑкового пÑоÑÑÑанÑÑва ÑменÑÑиÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° 1630kB. (ЧÑение Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ... на даннÑй Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑÑановлено 85147 Ñайлов и каÑалогов.) УдалÑеÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑ vim-tiny... УдалÑеÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑ vim-common... УдалÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð¹Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑигÑÑаÑии пакеÑа vim-common... |
#apt-get install vim
vim vim-common vim-runtime обновлено 0, установлено 3 новых пакетов, для удаления отмечено 0 пакетов, и 0 пакетов не обновлено. Необходимо скачать 7379kБ архивов. После распаковки объем занятого дискового пространства возрастёт на 24,0MB. Хотите продолжить [Д/н]? y Получено:1 http://debian.org.ua etch/main vim-common 1:7.0-122+1etch2 [204kB] Получено:2 http://debian.org.ua etch/main vim-runtime 1:7.0-122+1etch2 [6430kB] Получено:3 http://debian.org.ua etch/main vim 1:7.0-122+1etch2 [745kB] Получено 7379kB за 33s (218kB/c) Выбор ранее не выбранного пакета vim-common. (Чтение базы данных... на данный момент установлено 85047 файлов и каталогов.) Распаковывается пакет vim-common (из файла .../vim-common_1%3a7.0-122+1etch2_i386.deb)... Выбор ранее не выбранного пакета vim-runtime. Распаковывается пакет vim-runtime (из файла .../vim-runtime_1%3a7.0-122+1etch2_all.deb)... Выбор ранее не выбранного пакета vim. Распаковывается пакет vim (из файла .../vim_1%3a7.0-122+1etch2_i386.deb)... Настраивается пакет vim-common (7.0-122+1etch2) ... Настраивается пакет vim-runtime (7.0-122+1etch2) ... Processing /usr/share/vim/addons/doc Настраивается пакет vim (7.0-122+1etch2) ... |
#vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
|
#man sshd_config
|
#vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
|
0000 80862560 0 d8000008 0 0 0 0 0 0 4000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 agpgart-intel 0010 80862562 a9 d0000008 de100000 0 0 0 0 2 8000000 80000 0 0 0 0 0 00e8 808624c2 a9 0 0 0 0 d801 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 uhci_hcd 00e9 808624c4 b1 0 0 0 0 d001 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 uhci_hcd 00ea 808624c7 b9 0 0 0 0 d401 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 uhci_hcd 00ef 808624cd c1 de180000 0 0 0 0 0 0 400 0 0 0 0 0 0 ehci_hcd 00f0 8086244e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00f8 808624c0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00f9 808624cb b9 0 0 0 0 f001 50000000 0 0 0 0 0 10 400 0 PIIX_IDE 00fb 808624c3 c9 0 0 0 0 5001 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 0 i801_smbus 00fd 808624c5 c9 e001 e401 de181000 de182000 0 0 0 100 40 200 100 0 0 0 Intel ICH 0100 80861229 a9 de000008 c001 dd000000 0 0 0 dc000000 1000 20 100000 0 0 0 100000 e100 0110 10b79200 b9 c401 dd100000 0 0 0 0 de020000 80 80 0 0 0 0 20000 3c59x
--- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 15 model : 1 model name : Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 1.80GHz stepping : 3 cpu MHz : 1800.167 cache size : 128 KB fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 2 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm up bogomips : 3603.78
NOARP MTU:1480 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) [root@linux3:~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 172.21.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth1 [root@linux3:~]# . /etc/bash_completion [root@linux3:~]# route add default gw 172.21.1.2 [root@linux3:~]# ping 172.21.1.2 PING 172.21.1.2 (172.21.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.246 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 172.21.1.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.237 ms --- 172.21.1.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.201/0.228/0.246/0.019 ms 0
Время первой команды журнала | 11:49:33 2007- 5-31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 12:36:32 2007- 5-31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 100 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 26.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 5.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.78 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 2.13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008