/l3/users/clint/nt-lnet-2006-06-26/linux2.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 |
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#man named.conf
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#dig @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind.
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind. ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 47116 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. CH TXT ;; ANSWER SECTION: VERSION.BIND. 0 CH TXT "8.4.6-REL-NOESW" ;; Query time: 4 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:40:17 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 70 |
#dig @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind.
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind. ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 48468 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. CH TXT ;; ANSWER SECTION: VERSION.BIND. 0 CH TXT "8.4.6-REL-NOESW" ;; Query time: 4 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:41:04 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 70 |
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
Stopping domain name service: named. Starting domain name service: named. |
#dig @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 46884 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. CH TXT ;; ANSWER SECTION: VERSION.BIND. 0 CH TXT "8.4.6-REL-NOESW" ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:41:36 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 70 |
#dig @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind.
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind. ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 11890 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. CH TXT ;; ANSWER SECTION: VERSION.BIND. 0 CH TXT "8.4.6-REL-NOESW" ;; Query time: 4 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:41:45 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 70 |
#dig @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind.
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind. ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 58640 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. CH TXT ;; ANSWER SECTION: VERSION.BIND. 0 CH TXT "netU" ;; Query time: 4 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:42:44 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 59 |
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
Stopping domain name service: named. Starting domain name service: named. |
#dig @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 44875 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. CH TXT ;; ANSWER SECTION: VERSION.BIND. 0 CH TXT "netU" ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:42:12 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 59 |
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf.options
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#dig @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind.
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind. ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 26787 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. CH TXT ;; ANSWER SECTION: VERSION.BIND. 0 CH TXT "netU" ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:42:46 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 59 |
#dig @192.168.15.15 chaos txt version.bind.
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#dig @192.168.15.1 chaos txt version.bind.
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @192.168.15.1 chaos txt version.bind. ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 46629 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. CH TXT ;; ANSWER SECTION: VERSION.BIND. 0 CH TXT "8.4.4-NOESW" ;; Query time: 4 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.1#53(192.168.15.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:42:59 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 66 |
#dig @192.168.15.15 chaos txt version.bind.
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#dig @192.168.15.15 chaos txt version.bind.
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#vi /etc/resolv.conf
1c1 < search unix.nt --- > Search unix.nt |
#dig @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @127.0.0.1 chaos txt version.bind ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 35852 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;version.bind. CH TXT ;; ANSWER SECTION: VERSION.BIND. 0 CH TXT "netU" ;; Query time: 1 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:47:56 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 59 |
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf.options
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#dig td-lin.com ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 60488 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;td-lin.com. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: td-lin.com. 172800 IN NS ns2.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 172800 IN NS ns.secondary.net.ua. ... td-lin.com. 172800 IN NS ns.secondary.net.ua. td-lin.com. 172800 IN NS ns1.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 172800 IN NS ns2.xt-labs.com. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns2.xt-labs.com. 172800 IN A 65.110.63.139 ns1.xt-labs.com. 172800 IN A 67.18.135.62 ;; Query time: 443 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:51:38 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 189 |
#dig td-lin.com @ns1.xt-labs.com axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com @ns1.xt-labs.com axfr ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ; Transfer failed. |
#dig td-lin.com @ns1.xt-labs.com axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com @ns1.xt-labs.com axfr ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ; Transfer failed. |
#dig td-lin.com @ns1.xt-labs.com axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com @ns1.xt-labs.com axfr ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ; Transfer failed. |
#dig td-lin.com ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 36067 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;td-lin.com. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: td-lin.com. 172724 IN NS ns1.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 172724 IN NS ns2.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 172724 IN NS ns.secondary.net.ua. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns1.xt-labs.com. 3552 IN A 67.18.135.62 ns2.xt-labs.com. 172724 IN A 65.110.63.139 ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:52:54 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 137 |
#dig td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd td-lin.com. 3600 IN SOA ns1.xt-labs.com. admin.xt-labs.com. 20051103 10800 3600 604800 86400 td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns1.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns2.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns.secondary.net.ua. td-lin.com. 3600 IN MX 10 server.td-lin.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN MX 20 mx.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.132 server.td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 195.95.210.90 www.td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.132 td-lin.com. 3600 IN SOA ns1.xt-labs.com. admin.xt-labs.com. 20051103 10800 3600 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 502 msec ;; SERVER: 65.110.63.139#53(65.110.63.139) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:53:18 2006 ;; XFR size: 10 records (messages 10) |
#netstat -rn
netstat: invalid option -- - usage: netstat [-veenNcCF] [<Af>] -r netstat {-V|--version|-h|--help} netstat [-vnNcaeol] [<Socket> ...] netstat { [-veenNac] -i | [-cnNe] -M | -s } -r, --route display routing table -i, --interfaces display interface table -g, --groups display multicast group memberships -s, --statistics display networking statistics (like SNMP) -M, --masquerade display masqueraded connections -v, --verbose be verbose ... -a, --all, --listening display all sockets (default: connected) -o, --timers display timers -F, --fib display Forwarding Information Base (default) -C, --cache display routing cache instead of FIB <Socket>={-t|--tcp} {-u|--udp} {-w|--raw} {-x|--unix} --ax25 --ipx --netrom <AF>=Use '-6|-4' or '-A <af>' or '--<af>'; default: inet List of possible address families (which support routing): inet (DARPA Internet) inet6 (IPv6) ax25 (AMPR AX.25) netrom (AMPR NET/ROM) ipx (Novell IPX) ddp (Appletalk DDP) x25 (CCITT X.25) |
#netstat -lr
netstat: invalid option -- - usage: netstat [-veenNcCF] [<Af>] -r netstat {-V|--version|-h|--help} netstat [-vnNcaeol] [<Socket> ...] netstat { [-veenNac] -i | [-cnNe] -M | -s } -r, --route display routing table -i, --interfaces display interface table -g, --groups display multicast group memberships -s, --statistics display networking statistics (like SNMP) -M, --masquerade display masqueraded connections -v, --verbose be verbose ... -a, --all, --listening display all sockets (default: connected) -o, --timers display timers -F, --fib display Forwarding Information Base (default) -C, --cache display routing cache instead of FIB <Socket>={-t|--tcp} {-u|--udp} {-w|--raw} {-x|--unix} --ax25 --ipx --netrom <AF>=Use '-6|-4' or '-A <af>' or '--<af>'; default: inet List of possible address families (which support routing): inet (DARPA Internet) inet6 (IPv6) ax25 (AMPR AX.25) netrom (AMPR NET/ROM) ipx (Novell IPX) ddp (Appletalk DDP) x25 (CCITT X.25) |
#netstat -lr
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface localnet * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 default 192.168.15.254 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 |
#netstat -ln
Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:32768 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:7 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:22000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:113 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 192.168.15.2:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN ... unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6180 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 13461 /tmp/ssh-RoIvmW5364/agent.5364 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 13130 /tmp/ssh-OMSJnL5244/agent.5244 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6361 /tmp/ksocket-user/kdeinit__0 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6363 /tmp/ksocket-user/kdeinit-:0 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6395 /tmp/ksocket-user/klauncheriaztVa.slave-socket unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6589 /tmp/ksocket-user/linux2.unix.nt-0f3e-44a223b2 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5843 /dev/gpmctl unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6374 /tmp/.ICE-unix/dcop3881-1151476646 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6468 /tmp/.ICE-unix/3892 |
#netstat -ln -A inet
Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:32768 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:7 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:22000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:113 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 192.168.15.2:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6010 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:32768 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:32778 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 192.168.15.2:53 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:838 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* |
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
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#vi /etc/bind/named.conf.options
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#dig td-lin.com ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 10452 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;td-lin.com. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: td-lin.com. 169452 IN NS ns1.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 169452 IN NS ns2.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 169452 IN NS ns.secondary.net.ua. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns1.xt-labs.com. 280 IN A 67.18.135.62 ns2.xt-labs.com. 352 IN A 65.110.63.139 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 13:47:26 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 137 |
#dig td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com.
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com. ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 57078 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 3 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;td-lin.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.132 ... td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns2.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns.secondary.net.ua. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns1.xt-labs.com. 3600 IN A 67.18.135.62 ns2.xt-labs.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.139 ns.secondary.net.ua. 21943 IN A 195.149.112.1 ;; Query time: 179 msec ;; SERVER: 65.110.63.139#53(65.110.63.139) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 13:47:35 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 169 |
#dig td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd td-lin.com. 3600 IN SOA ns1.xt-labs.com. admin.xt-labs.com. 20051103 10800 3600 604800 86400 td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns1.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns2.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns.secondary.net.ua. td-lin.com. 3600 IN MX 10 server.td-lin.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN MX 20 mx.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.132 server.td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 195.95.210.90 www.td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.132 td-lin.com. 3600 IN SOA ns1.xt-labs.com. admin.xt-labs.com. 20051103 10800 3600 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 502 msec ;; SERVER: 65.110.63.139#53(65.110.63.139) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 13:47:43 2006 ;; XFR size: 10 records (messages 10) |
#dig etalon.kiev.ua ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> etalon.kiev.ua ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 64125 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;etalon.kiev.ua. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: etalon.kiev.ua. 86400 IN NS app.etalon.kiev.ua. etalon.kiev.ua. 86400 IN NS ns2.lucky.net. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: etalon.kiev.ua. 86400 IN NS app.etalon.kiev.ua. etalon.kiev.ua. 86400 IN NS ns2.lucky.net. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: app.etalon.kiev.ua. 86400 IN A 193.193.221.90 ;; Query time: 277 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 13:50:02 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 135 |
#dig td-lin.com @ns2.lucky.net.
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com @ns2.lucky.net. axfr ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ; Transfer failed. |
#dig etalon.kiev.ua @ns2.lucky.net. axfr
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> etalon.kiev.ua @ns2.lucky.net. axfr ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ; Transfer failed. |
#dig etalon.kiev.ua ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> etalon.kiev.ua ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 28204 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;etalon.kiev.ua. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: etalon.kiev.ua. 86335 IN NS ns2.lucky.net. etalon.kiev.ua. 86335 IN NS app.etalon.kiev.ua. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns2.lucky.net. 86351 IN A 193.193.193.115 app.etalon.kiev.ua. 86335 IN A 193.193.221.90 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 13:51:07 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 109 |
#dig proshector.kiev.ua ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> proshector.kiev.ua ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 29143 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;proshector.kiev.ua. IN NS ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: kiev.ua. 10800 IN SOA ho1.ns.kiev.ua. hostmaster.kiev.ua. 2006062810 14400 7200 2419200 86400 ;; Query time: 124 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 13:51:45 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 97 |
#dig microcom.com.ua ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> microcom.com.ua ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 21995 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;microcom.com.ua. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: microcom.com.ua. 86400 IN NS a.ns.microcom.com.ua. microcom.com.ua. 86400 IN NS b.ns.microcom.com.ua. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: microcom.com.ua. 86400 IN NS a.ns.microcom.com.ua. microcom.com.ua. 86400 IN NS b.ns.microcom.com.ua. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: a.ns.microcom.com.ua. 86400 IN A 195.95.210.3 b.ns.microcom.com.ua. 86400 IN A 195.68.210.40 ;; Query time: 210 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 13:54:41 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 143 |
#dig microcom.com.ua @ ns.microcom.com.ua.
dig: couldn't get address for '': not found |
#dig microcom.com.ua @ns.microcom.com.ua. axfr
dig: couldn't get address for 'ns.microcom.com.ua.': not found |
#dig microcom.com.ua @ns.microcom.com.ua. axfr
dig: couldn't get address for 'ns.microcom.com.ua.': not found |
#dig microcom.com.ua @a.ns.microcom.com.ua. axfr
;; Connection to 195.95.210.3#53(195.95.210.3) for microcom.com.ua failed: connection refused. |
#telnet 195.92.210.3 53
Trying 195.92.210.3... |
#nmap 195.95.210.3
Starting Nmap 4.03 ( http://www.insecure.org/nmap/ ) at 2006-06-28 13:57 EEST Stats: 0:01:22 elapsed; 0 hosts completed (1 up), 1 undergoing SYN Stealth Scan SYN Stealth Scan Timing: About 46.91% done; ETC: 14:00 (0:01:24 remaining) RTTVAR has grown to over 2.3 seconds, decreasing to 2.0 RTTVAR has grown to over 2.3 seconds, decreasing to 2.0 Interesting ports on a.ns.microcom.com.ua (195.95.210.3): (The 1665 ports scanned but not shown below are in state: closed) PORT STATE SERVICE 21/tcp open ftp 22/tcp open ssh 80/tcp open http 389/tcp filtered ldap 873/tcp open rsync 993/tcp open imaps 995/tcp open pop3s 1993/tcp filtered snmp-tcp-port 5432/tcp open postgres Nmap finished: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 1543.940 seconds |
#ping -f 195.95.210.3 -s 65000
PING 195.95.210.3 (195.95.210.3) 65000(65028) bytes of data. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ --- 195.95.210.3 ping statistics --- 2652 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 34011ms |
#ping -f 195.95.210.3 -s 6500
PING 195.95.210.3 (195.95.210.3) 6500(6528) bytes of data. ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... --- 195.95.210.3 ping statistics --- 258 packets transmitted, 13 received, 94% packet loss, time 4049ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 84.909/227.500/599.128/123.800 ms, pipe 38, ipg/ewma 15.756/246.857 ms |
#ping -f 195.95.210.3 -s 650
PING 195.95.210.3 (195.95.210.3) 650(678) bytes of data. .......... --- 195.95.210.3 ping statistics --- 1887 packets transmitted, 1877 received, 0% packet loss, time 27718ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 17.144/18.548/90.872/3.322 ms, pipe 6, ipg/ewma 14.697/28.201 ms |
#ping -f 195.68.210.40 -s 650
PING 195.68.210.40 (195.68.210.40) 650(678) bytes of data. . --- 195.68.210.40 ping statistics --- 586 packets transmitted, 585 received, 0% packet loss, time 8381ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 16.264/17.295/26.783/0.887 ms, pipe 2, ipg/ewma 14.328/17.644 ms |
#ping -f 195.68.210.40 -s 6500
PING 195.68.210.40 (195.68.210.40) 6500(6528) bytes of data. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ --- 195.68.210.40 ping statistics --- 1207 packets transmitted, 82 received, 93% packet loss, time 17400ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 89.488/525.422/723.129/161.340 ms, pipe 55, ipg/ewma 14.427/613.872 ms |
#apt-get install john
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Suggested packages: wenglish wordlist The following NEW packages will be installed john 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 15 not upgraded. Need to get 553kB of archives. After unpacking 1098kB of additional disk space will be used. WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! john Install these packages without verification [y/N]? y Get: 1 http://debian.org.ua testing/main john 1.6-40 [553kB] Fetched 553kB in 8s (68,7kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously deselected package john. (Reading database ... 66832 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking john (from .../archives/john_1.6-40_i386.deb) ... Setting up john (1.6-40) ... |
#man john
|
#john
.aptitude/ .kde/ .mcop/ .bash_history .kderc .profile .bash_profile .l3rc .qt/ .bashrc .lesshst .serverauth.6638 dbootstrap_settings .lilalo/ .ssh/ Desktop/ .local/ .ssh-agent .ICEauthority log.eci .Xauthority install-report.template log.ecp .xsession-errors |
#vi /etc/bind/
|
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
44c44,49 < --- > zone "m02.linux2" { > type master; > file "/etc/bind/db.linux2"; > forwarders{}; > allow-tranfer {}; > }; |
#vi /etc/bind/db.linux2
3c3 < NS linux15.sergey.unix.nt --- > NS linux15.sergey.unix.nt. 5c5 < MX m02.linux2.unix.nt. --- > MX 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 m02.linux2.unix.nt. |
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
48c48 < allow-tranfer {}; --- > allow-tranfer {127.0.0.1; 192.168.15.0}; |
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
48c48 < allow-tranfer {127.0.0.1; 192.168.15.0}; --- > allow-tranfer {127.0.0.1; 192.168.15.15}; |
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
|
#dig td-lin.com ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> td-lin.com ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 53601 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;td-lin.com. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: td-lin.com. 166739 IN NS ns.secondary.net.ua. td-lin.com. 166739 IN NS ns1.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 166739 IN NS ns2.xt-labs.com. ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 14:32:39 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 105 |
#dig @ns2.xt-labs.com td-lin.com axfr
;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 62327 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 3 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;td-lin.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.132 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns1.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns2.xt-labs.com. ... ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 48487 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;axfrd-lin.com. IN NS ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: com. 900 IN SOA a.gtld-servers.net. nstld.verisign-grs.com. 1151494392 1800 900 604800 900 ;; Query time: 208 msec ;; SERVER: 65.110.63.139#53(65.110.63.139) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 14:33:40 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 104 |
#screen -X
|
#apt-get install screen
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done The following NEW packages will be installed screen 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 15 not upgraded. Need to get 582kB of archives. After unpacking 1004kB of additional disk space will be used. WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! screen Install these packages without verification [y/N]? E: Some packages could not be authenticated |
#apt-get install screen
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done The following NEW packages will be installed screen 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 15 not upgraded. Need to get 582kB of archives. After unpacking 1004kB of additional disk space will be used. WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! screen Install these packages without verification [y/N]? Y Get: 1 http://debian.org.ua testing/main screen 4.0.2-4.1 [582kB] Fetched 582kB in 2s (195kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously deselected package screen. (Reading database ... 66876 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking screen (from .../screen_4.0.2-4.1_i386.deb) ... Setting up screen (4.0.2-4.1) ... |
#scr
[root@linux2:~]# [root@linux2:~]# [root@linux2:~]# [root@linux2:~]# # hello [root@linux2:~]# screen screendump script scriptreplay |
#screen -x
|
## zdes' budet vidno oK
[root@linux2:~]# [root@linux2:~]# [root@linux2:~]# [root@linux2:~]# # hello [root@linux2:~]# # zdes' budet vidno oK [root@linux2:~]# di |
#dig td-lin.com ns
td-lin.com. 166598 IN NS ns2.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 166598 IN NS ns.secondary.net.ua. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns1.xt-labs.com. 172719 IN A 67.18.135.62 ns2.xt-labs.com. 172719 IN A 65.110.63.139 ;; Query time: 11 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 14:35:00 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 137 |
#dig td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr
td-lin.com. 3600 IN NS ns.secondary.net.ua. td-lin.com. 3600 IN MX 10 server.td-lin.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN MX 20 mx.xt-labs.com. td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.132 server.td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 195.95.210.90 www.td-lin.com. 3600 IN A 65.110.63.132 td-lin.com. 3600 IN SOA ns1.xt-labs.com. admin.xt-labs.com. 20051103 10800 3600 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 494 msec ;; SERVER: 65.110.63.139#53(65.110.63.139) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 14:35:09 2006 ;; XFR size: 10 records (messages 10) |
#dig td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr > /etc/bind/db.
td-lin.com. 3600 IN SOA ns1.xt-labs.com. admin.xt-labs.com. 20051103 10800 3600 604800 86400 ;; Query time: 494 msec ;; SERVER: 65.110.63.139#53(65.110.63.139) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 14:35:09 2006 ;; XFR size: 10 records (messages 10) [root@linux2:~]# dig td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr > /etc/bind/db. db.0 db.127 db.255 db.local db.root [root@linux2:~]# dig td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr > /etc/bind/db. db.0 db.127 db.255 db.local db.root [root@linux2:~]# dig td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr > /etc/bind/db. db.0 db.127 db.255 db.local db.root |
#dig td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr > /etc/bind/db.
db.0 db.127 db.255 db.local db.root |
#vi /etc/bind/db.fifa2006.unix.nt
|
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
|
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
$TTL 1h @ SOA m02.linux2.unix.nt. root.linux2.unix.nt. 2006062701 10800 3600 6 04800 86400 NS ns1.xt-labs.com..ua. MX 10 m02.linux2.unix.nt. Stopping domain name service: named. brasilia A 192.168.15.2 Starting domain name service: named.5 ukraine A 192.168.15.254 ukrai www lsergey.unix.nt. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ |
#tail /var/log/daemon.log
Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: master zone "255.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: /etc/bind/named.conf:48: syntax error near 'allow-tranfer' Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: db_load could not open: /etc/bind/db.linux2: No such file or directory Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near 'allow-tranfer' Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: Forwarding source address is [::].32795 Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9799]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32796 Jun 28 14:47:04 linux2 named[9800]: Ready to answer queries. |
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
48c48 < allow-tranfer {127.0.0.1; 192.168.15.15}; --- > allow-transfer {127.0.0.1; 192.168.15.15}; 55c55 < allow-tranfer {127.0.0.1; 192.168.15.15}; --- > allow-transfer {127.0.0.1; 192.168.15.15}; |
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
Stopping domain name service: named. Starting domain name service: named. |
#tail /var/log/daemon.log
Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: master zone "255.in-addr.arpa" (IN) loaded (serial 1) Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: /etc/bind/named.conf:48: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: db_load could not open: /etc/bind/db.linux2: No such file or directory Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: /etc/bind/named.conf:55: syntax error near '}' Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: master zone "fifa2006.unix.nt" (IN) loaded (serial 2006062701) Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: listening on [127.0.0.1].53 (lo) Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: listening on [192.168.15.2].53 (eth0) Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: Forwarding source address is [::].32796 Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9829]: Forwarding source address is [0.0.0.0].32797 Jun 28 14:47:41 linux2 named[9830]: Ready to answer queries. |
#dig england.fifa2006.unix.nt a
;; ANSWER SECTION: england.fifa2006.unix.nt. 3600 IN A 192.168.15.15 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: fifa2006.unix.nt. 3600 IN NS m02.linux2.unix.nt. ;; Query time: 10 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 14:47:58 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 83 |
#ping england.fifa2006.unix.nt
64 bytes from 192.168.15.15: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.199 ms ukrai 64 bytes from 192.168.15.15: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.205 ms ~ 64 bytes from 192.168.15.15: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.198 ms ~ 64 bytes from 192.168.15.15: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms ~ 64 bytes from 192.168.15.15: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.208 ms ~ 64 bytes from 192.168.15.15: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.187 ms ~ 64 bytes from 192.168.15.15: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.190 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.15: icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=0.191 ms --- england.fifa2006.unix.nt ping statistics --- 9 packets transmitted, 9 received, 0% packet loss, time 17011ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.187/0.201/0.234/0.018 ms |
#dig td-lin.com @ns2.xt-labs.com axfr
$TTL 1h @ SOA m02.linux2.unix.nt. root.linux2.unix.nt. 2006062701 10800 3600 6 04800 86400 NS ns1.xt-labs.com..ua. MX 10 m02.linux2.unix.nt. argentina A 192.168.15.1 brasilia A 192.168.15.2 england A 192.168.15.15 ukraine A 192.168.15.254 ukrai www lsergey.unix.nt. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ |
#vi /etc/bind/db.fifa2006.unix.nt
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.fifa2006.unix.nt
|
#vi /etc/bind/db.fifa2006.unix.nt
|
#vi /etc/rc
|
#vi /etc/rc
|
#vi /etc/rc.conf
|
#vi /etc/rc
|
#vi /etc/rc
|
#rm -rf /etc/rc.conf
$TTL 1h @ SOA m02.linux2.unix.nt. root.linux2.unix.nt. 2006062701 10800 3600 6 04800 86400 NS ns1.xt-labs.com..ua. MX 10 m02.linux2.unix.nt. argentina A 192.168.15.1 brasilia A 192.168.15.2 england A 192.168.15.15 ukraine A 192.168.15.254 ukrai www lsergey.unix.nt. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ |
#ps waux | grep named
$TTL 1h @ SOA m02.linux2.unix.nt. root.linux2.unix.nt. 2006062701 10800 3600 6 04800 86400 NS ns1.xt-labs.com..ua. MX 10 m02.linux2.unix.nt. root 9830 0.0 0.1 2896 1804 ? Ss 14:47 0:00 /usr/sbin/named brasilia A 192.168.15.2 root 10024 0.0 0.0 3340 612 pts/16 R+ 15:03 0:00 grep named ukraine A 192.168.15.254 ukrai www lsergey.unix.nt. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ |
#dig @localhost.dobro.nt
$TTL 1h @ SOA m02.linux2.unix.nt. root.linux2.unix.nt. 2006062701 10800 3600 6 04800 86400 NS ns1.xt-labs.com..ua. MX 10 m02.linux2.unix.nt. dig: couldn't get address for 'localhost.dobro.nt': not found brasilia A 192.168.15.2 england A 192.168.15.15 ukraine A 192.168.15.254 ukrai www lsergey.unix.nt. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ |
Время первой команды журнала | 12:39:06 2006- 6-28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 15:03:59 2006- 6-28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 12.87 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 1.73 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 0.97 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008