/l3/users/clint/nt-lnet-2006-06-26/linux2.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 |
|
#ssh m01
Last login: Wed Jun 28 10:22:07 2006 l3-agent is already running: pid=3408; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
#exit
exit Connection to m01 closed. |
#ls -al ~/.ssh/
total 11 drwx------ 2 root root 1024 2006-06-28 10:17 . drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 1024 2006-06-27 17:35 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1218 2006-06-28 10:24 authorized_keys -rw------- 1 root root 1192 2006-06-28 10:19 id_dsa -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1121 2006-06-28 10:19 id_dsa.pub -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2676 2006-06-27 17:12 known_hosts |
#ssh-keygen -P -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
Too many arguments. Usage: ssh-keygen [options] Options: -a trials Number of trials for screening DH-GEX moduli. -B Show bubblebabble digest of key file. -b bits Number of bits in the key to create. -C comment Provide new comment. -c Change comment in private and public key files. -e Convert OpenSSH to IETF SECSH key file. -F hostname Find hostname in known hosts file. ... -p Change passphrase of private key file. -q Quiet. -R hostname Remove host from known_hosts file. -r hostname Print DNS resource record. -S start Start point (hex) for generating DH-GEX moduli. -T file Screen candidates for DH-GEX moduli. -t type Specify type of key to create. -v Verbose. -W gen Generator to use for generating DH-GEX moduli. -y Read private key file and print public key. |
#ssh-keygen -p -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
Key has comment '/root/.ssh/id_dsa' Enter new passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase. |
#ssh m01
Enter passphrase for key '/root/.ssh/id_dsa': Last login: Wed Jun 28 10:25:00 2006 from linux2.linux.nt l3-agent is already running: pid=3408; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
#eval `ssh-agent`
Agent pid 5245 |
#ssh-add
Enter passphrase for /root/.ssh/id_dsa: Identity added: /root/.ssh/id_dsa (/root/.ssh/id_dsa) |
#ssh m01
Last login: Wed Jun 28 10:29:08 2006 from linux2.linux.nt l3-agent is already running: pid=3408; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
#exit
exit Connection to m01 closed. |
#exit
exit Connection to m01 closed. |
#vi ~/.bash_profile
2a3,16 > #-------------------------------------------------- > . ~/.ssh-agent > /dev/null 2>&1 > > if ! grep -q ssh-agent /proc/$SSH_AGENT_PID/cmdline 2> /dev/null > then > ssh-agent > ~/.ssh-agent > . ~/.ssh-agent > /dev/null > ssh-add > fi > > echo Agent pid $SSH_AGENT_PID > #-------------------------------------------------- > > |
#ssh-add -l
2048 82:77:a8:e8:3c:3c:1a:27:04:dc:b7:9d:21:94:85:ff /root/.ssh/id_dsa (DSA) |
#cat ~/.bash_profile
l3-agent #-------------------------------------------------- . ~/.ssh-agent > /dev/null 2>&1 if ! grep -q ssh-agent /proc/$SSH_AGENT_PID/cmdline 2> /dev/null then ssh-agent > ~/.ssh-agent . ~/.ssh-agent > /dev/null ssh-add fi echo Agent pid $SSH_AGENT_PID #-------------------------------------------------- . ~/.bashrc |
#ssh-agent
SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/tmp/ssh-YwXNjG5503/agent.5503; export SSH_AUTH_SOCK; SSH_AGENT_PID=5504; export SSH_AGENT_PID; echo Agent pid 5504; |
#ssh-keygen -p -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
Enter old passphrase: Key has comment '/root/.ssh/id_dsa' Enter new passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase. |
#ls /proc
1 3580 3714 3892 3970 4184 5245 6 crypto iomem mtrr version 189 3585 3715 3893 3971 4215 53 707 devices ioports net vmstat 2 3608 3716 3895 3992 4216 5365 708 diskstats irq partitions 2266 3630 3772 3897 3993 4455 5420 709 dma kallsyms self 2286 3641 3812 3898 4 4459 5422 710 dri kcore slabinfo 2755 3657 3822 3902 40 4490 5460 978 driver kmsg stat 3 3663 3850 3904 4024 4491 5461 acpi execdomains loadavg swaps 324 3676 3878 3910 4025 4694 5504 asound fb locks sys 3414 3683 3881 3911 4128 5 5516 buddyinfo filesystems meminfo sysrq-trigger 3420 3706 3883 3925 4161 50 5517 bus fs misc sysvipc 3437 3712 3885 3936 4162 51 5518 cmdline ide modules tty 3575 3713 3890 3937 4183 52 5519 cpuinfo interrupts mounts uptime |
#cat /proc/5504/cmdline ; echo
ssh-agent |
#cat /proc/978/cmdline ; echo
|
#cat /proc/53/cmdline ; echo
|
#cat /proc/4128/cmdline ; echo
script-f-q/home/user/.lilalo//147752172431783675-1151477153.script |
#cat /proc/3885/cmdline ; echo
kdeinit: kded --new-startup |
#eval #(ssh-agent)
|
#ssh-add
Could not open a connection to your authentication agent. |
#ssh_add
bash: ssh_add: command not found |
#ssh-add
Could not open a connection to your authentication agent. |
#ssh-keygen -p -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa
Enter old passphrase: Key has comment '/root/.ssh/id_dsa' Enter new passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase. |
#eval #(ssh-agent)
|
#ssh-add
Could not open a connection to your authentication agent. |
#eval #(ssh-agent)
|
#eval $(ssh-agent)
Agent pid 5778 |
#ssh-add
exit Enter passphrase for /root/.ssh/id_dsa: Identity added: /root/.ssh/id_dsa (/root/.ssh/id_dsa) |
#ssh m01
Last login: Wed Jun 28 10:29:34 2006 from linux2.linux.nt l3-agent is already running: pid=3408; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
#ssh-add -l
2048 82:77:a8:e8:3c:3c:1a:27:04:dc:b7:9d:21:94:85:ff /root/.ssh/id_dsa (DSA) |
#ssh -N -f -L 22000:127.0.0.1:22 m01
|
#exit
exit Connection to m01 closed. |
#xclock
Error: Can't open display: localhost:10.0 |
#less /etc/ssh/sshd_config
|
#ssh -X user@192.168.15.254
The authenticity of host '192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 6f:48:13:41:a9:66:cb:02:0a:ca:65:38:70:45:79:d7. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.15.254' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. Password: Linux herz.linux.nt 2.6.17 #1 PREEMPT Sun Jun 25 09:50:55 EEST 2006 i686 GNU/Linux The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. No mail. Last login: Wed Jun 28 10:48:34 2006 from linux1 Agent pid 21833 user@herz:~$ xclock Xlib: connection to "localhost:11.0" refused by server Xlib: Invalid MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 key Error: Can't open display: localhost:11.0 user@herz:~$ exit logout Connection to 192.168.15.254 closed. |
#xterm
Warning: This program is an suid-root program or is being run by the root user. The full text of the error or warning message cannot be safely formatted in this environment. You may get a more descriptive message by running the program as a non-root user or by removing the suid bit on the executable. xterm Xt error: Can't open display: %s xterm: DISPLAY is not set |
#export DISPLAY=192.168.15.2:0.0
|
#export DISPLAY=192.168.15.15:0.0
|
#xterm
Xlib: connection to "192.168.15.15:0.0" refused by server Xlib: No protocol specified Warning: This program is an suid-root program or is being run by the root user. The full text of the error or warning message cannot be safely formatted in this environment. You may get a more descriptive message by running the program as a non-root user or by removing the suid bit on the executable. xterm Xt error: Can't open display: %s |
#export "DISPLAY=192.168.15.15:0.0"
# Package generated configuration file # See the sshd(8) manpage for details # What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for Port 1000 Port 22 # Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to #ListenAddress :: #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 Protocol 2 # HostKeys for protocol version 2 ... LoginGraceTime 120 PermitRootLogin yes StrictModes yes RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes #AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files IgnoreRhosts yes # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts /etc/ssh/sshd_config: unmodified: line 1 |
#xterm
Xlib: connection to "192.168.15.15:0.0" refused by server Xlib: No protocol specified Warning: This program is an suid-root program or is being run by the root user. The full text of the error or warning message cannot be safely formatted in this environment. You may get a more descriptive message by running the program as a non-root user or by removing the suid bit on the executable. xterm Xt error: Can't open display: %s |
#xauth
xauth xauth_switch_to_sun-des-1 |
#xauth
Using authority file /root/.Xauthority |
#man xauth
|
#telnet 127.0.0.1 2000
Trying 127.0.0.1... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused |
#ping 195.95.210.89
PING 195.95.210.89 (195.95.210.89) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 195.95.210.89: icmp_seq=1 ttl=249 time=67.5 ms 64 bytes from 195.95.210.89: icmp_seq=2 ttl=249 time=83.0 ms 64 bytes from 195.95.210.89: icmp_seq=3 ttl=249 time=106 ms --- 195.95.210.89 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 67.503/85.610/106.286/15.938 ms |
#ping -f 195.95.210.89 -s 5000
PING 195.95.210.89 (195.95.210.89) 5000(5028) bytes of data. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ --- 195.95.210.89 ping statistics --- 3148 packets transmitted, 36 received, 98% packet loss, time 45254ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 70.902/373.806/619.226/237.072 ms, pipe 53, ipg/ewma 14.380/552.195 ms |
#ping -f 195.95.210.89 -s 5000
PING 195.95.210.89 (195.95.210.89) 5000(5028) bytes of data. ..................................................................................................................................................................... --- 195.95.210.89 ping statistics --- 181 packets transmitted, 16 received, 91% packet loss, time 2896ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 69.054/116.960/165.051/29.098 ms, pipe 12, ipg/ewma 16.089/125.991 ms |
#vi /etc/resolv.conf
|
#whois
Usage: whois [OPTION]... OBJECT... -l one level less specific lookup [RPSL only] -L find all Less specific matches -m find first level more specific matches -M find all More specific matches -c find the smallest match containing a mnt-irt attribute -x exact match [RPSL only] -d return DNS reverse delegation objects too [RPSL only] -i ATTR[,ATTR]... do an inverse lookup for specified ATTRibutes -T TYPE[,TYPE]... only look for objects of TYPE ... -t TYPE request template for object of TYPE ('all' for a list) -v TYPE request verbose template for object of TYPE -q [version|sources|types] query specified server info [RPSL only] -F fast raw output (implies -r) -h HOST connect to server HOST -p PORT connect to PORT -H hide legal disclaimers --verbose explain what is being done --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit |
#whoami
root |
#ping 195.95.210.3
PING 195.95.210.3 (195.95.210.3) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 195.95.210.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=57 time=9.51 ms 64 bytes from 195.95.210.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=57 time=8.56 ms 64 bytes from 195.95.210.3: icmp_seq=3 ttl=57 time=8.79 ms 64 bytes from 195.95.210.3: icmp_seq=4 ttl=57 time=9.15 ms --- 195.95.210.3 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3005ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 8.565/9.007/9.510/0.365 ms |
#dig mail.ru a
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> mail.ru a ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 18282 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mail.ru. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: mail.ru. 15407 IN A 194.67.57.26 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: mail.ru. 15407 IN NS ns4.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15407 IN NS ns5.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15407 IN NS ns.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15407 IN NS ns1.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15407 IN NS ns2.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15407 IN NS ns3.mail.ru. ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.254#53(192.168.15.254) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 11:47:23 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 148 |
#dig mail.ru ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> mail.ru ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 52587 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 6, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mail.ru. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: mail.ru. 15373 IN NS ns4.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15373 IN NS ns5.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15373 IN NS ns.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15373 IN NS ns1.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15373 IN NS ns2.mail.ru. mail.ru. 15373 IN NS ns3.mail.ru. ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.254#53(192.168.15.254) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 11:47:56 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 132 |
#dig linux.nt ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> linux.nt ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 64251 ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;linux.nt. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: linux.nt. 10800000 IN NS linux.nt. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: linux.nt. 10800000 IN A 192.168.15.254 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.254#53(192.168.15.254) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 11:48:33 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 56 |
#dig ua ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> ua ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 6537 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 10, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;ua. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: ua. 172767 IN NS ns.uu.net. ua. 172767 IN NS ns.lucky.net. ... ua. 172767 IN NS aunic.aunic.net. ua. 172767 IN NS ns-ua.ripe.net. ua. 172767 IN NS sunic.sunet.se. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: sunic.sunet.se. 19434 IN A 192.36.125.2 sunic.sunet.se. 19429 IN AAAA 2001:6b0:7::2 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.254#53(192.168.15.254) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 11:48:49 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 292 |
#dig ua @ns.lucky.net. ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> ua @ns.lucky.net. ns ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 3138 ;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 10, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 13 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;ua. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: ua. 172800 IN NS pch.ns.net.ua. ... ns2.nic.fr. 10222 IN AAAA 2001:660:3005:1::1:2 ns2.nic.fr. 19707 IN A 192.93.0.4 aunic.aunic.net. 18987 IN A 203.29.5.1 ns.lucky.net. 86400 IN A 193.193.193.100 ns-ua.ripe.net. 10225 IN A 193.0.12.232 ns-ua.ripe.net. 10225 IN AAAA 2001:610:240:0:53:cc:12:232 ;; Query time: 17 msec ;; SERVER: 193.193.193.100#53(193.193.193.100) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 11:52:05 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 492 |
#dig ua ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> ua ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 60221 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 10, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 3 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;ua. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: ua. 172560 IN NS ns2.nic.fr. ua. 172560 IN NS pch.ns.net.ua. ... ua. 172560 IN NS he1.ns.net.ua. ua. 172560 IN NS ho1.ns.net.ua. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns.lucky.net. 86389 IN A 193.193.193.100 sunic.sunet.se. 19227 IN A 192.36.125.2 sunic.sunet.se. 19222 IN AAAA 2001:6b0:7::2 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.254#53(192.168.15.254) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 11:52:16 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 308 |
#dig ua ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> ua ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 46631 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 10, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 3 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;ua. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: ua. 172559 IN NS ns2.nic.fr. ua. 172559 IN NS pch.ns.net.ua. ... ua. 172559 IN NS he1.ns.net.ua. ua. 172559 IN NS ho1.ns.net.ua. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns.lucky.net. 86388 IN A 193.193.193.100 sunic.sunet.se. 19226 IN A 192.36.125.2 sunic.sunet.se. 19221 IN AAAA 2001:6b0:7::2 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.254#53(192.168.15.254) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 11:52:17 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 308 |
#dig ua ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> ua ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 29939 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 10, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 3 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;ua. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: ua. 172558 IN NS sunic.sunet.se. ua. 172558 IN NS ns.uu.net. ... ua. 172558 IN NS aunic.aunic.net. ua. 172558 IN NS ns-ua.ripe.net. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns.lucky.net. 86387 IN A 193.193.193.100 sunic.sunet.se. 19225 IN A 192.36.125.2 sunic.sunet.se. 19220 IN AAAA 2001:6b0:7::2 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.254#53(192.168.15.254) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 11:52:18 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 308 |
#dig ua ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> ua ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 39919 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 10, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 3 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;ua. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: ua. 172557 IN NS ns2.nic.fr. ua. 172557 IN NS pch.ns.net.ua. ... ua. 172557 IN NS he1.ns.net.ua. ua. 172557 IN NS ho1.ns.net.ua. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns.lucky.net. 86386 IN A 193.193.193.100 sunic.sunet.se. 19224 IN A 192.36.125.2 sunic.sunet.se. 19219 IN AAAA 2001:6b0:7::2 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.254#53(192.168.15.254) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 11:52:19 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 308 |
#dig mil.gov.ua ns
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> mil.gov.ua ns ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 8921 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mil.gov.ua. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: mil.gov.ua. 86400 IN NS ns.gu.net. mil.gov.ua. 86400 IN NS ns.mil.gov.ua. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns.gu.net. 172789 IN A 194.93.190.123 ;; Query time: 14 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.15.254#53(192.168.15.254) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 11:53:59 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 84 |
#apt-get install bind
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Suggested packages: bind-doc The following NEW packages will be installed bind 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 15 not upgraded. Need to get 903kB of archives. After unpacking 2122kB of additional disk space will be used. WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! bind Install these packages without verification [y/N]? y Get: 1 http://debian.org.ua testing/main bind 1:8.4.6-1 [903kB] Fetched 903kB in 4s (201kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package bind. (Reading database ... 66788 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking bind (from .../bind_1%3a8.4.6-1_i386.deb) ... Setting up bind (8.4.6-1) ... Starting domain name service: named. |
#dpkg -L | grep /etc
dpkg-query: --listfiles needs at least one package name argument Use --help for help about querying packages; Use --license for copyright license and lack of warranty (GNU GPL). |
#dpkg -L bind | grep /etc
/etc /etc/bind /etc/bind/db.127 /etc/bind/db.0 /etc/bind/db.255 /etc/bind/db.local /etc/bind/db.root /etc/bind/named.conf /etc/bind/named.conf.local /etc/bind/named.conf.options /etc/init.d /etc/init.d/bind |
#cat /etc/bind/named.conf
// This is the primary configuration file for the BIND DNS server named. // // Please read /usr/share/doc/bind/README.Debian for information on the // structure of BIND configuration files in Debian for BIND versions 8.2.1 // and later, *BEFORE* you customize this configuration file. // include "/etc/bind/named.conf.options"; // reduce log verbosity on issues outside our control logging { category lame-servers { null; }; ... zone "0.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.0"; }; zone "255.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.255"; }; // add local zone definitions here include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local"; |
#cat /etc/bind/named.conf
// This is the primary configuration file for the BIND DNS server named. // // Please read /usr/share/doc/bind/README.Debian for information on the // structure of BIND configuration files in Debian for BIND versions 8.2.1 // and later, *BEFORE* you customize this configuration file. // include "/etc/bind/named.conf.options"; // reduce log verbosity on issues outside our control logging { category lame-servers { null; }; ... zone "0.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.0"; }; zone "255.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.255"; }; // add local zone definitions here include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local"; |
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf
|
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf.options
25,27c25,27 < // forwarders { < // 0.0.0.0; < // }; --- > forwarders { > 192.168.15.254; > }; |
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf.options
27a28,30 > allow-query { > 127.0.0.1 > 192.168.15.0 } |
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
Stopping domain name service: named. Starting domain name service: named. |
#dig @127.0.0.1 mail.ru a
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @127.0.0.1 mail.ru a ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 27031 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mail.ru. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: mail.ru. 12872 IN A 194.67.57.26 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: mail.ru. 12872 IN NS ns.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12872 IN NS ns1.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12872 IN NS ns2.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12872 IN NS ns3.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12872 IN NS ns4.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12872 IN NS ns5.mail.ru. ;; Query time: 3 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:29:37 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 155 |
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf.options
29,30c29,30 < 127.0.0.1 < 192.168.15.0 } --- > 127.0.0.1/32 > 192.168.15.0/24 } |
#dig @127.0.0.1 mail.ru a
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @127.0.0.1 mail.ru a ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 63962 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mail.ru. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: mail.ru. 12750 IN A 194.67.57.26 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: mail.ru. 12750 IN NS ns.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12750 IN NS ns1.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12750 IN NS ns2.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12750 IN NS ns3.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12750 IN NS ns4.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12750 IN NS ns5.mail.ru. ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:31:39 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 148 |
#/etc/bind restart
bash: /etc/bind: is a directory |
#ls /etc
adduser.conf etter.conf login.defs protocols adjtime exim4 logrotate.conf python aliases fdmount.conf logrotate.d python2.3 alternatives fonts lsb-base python2.4 apm fpc.cfg mactab qt3 apt fstab magic rc0.d arpwatch.conf gpm.conf mailcap rc1.d at.deny groff mailcap.order rc2.d bash.bashrc group mailname rc3.d bash_completion group- mail.rc rc4.d ... dirmngr ksysguarddrc pam.conf udev discover.conf ldap pam.d updatedb.conf discover.conf-2.6 ld.so.cache pango vga discover.d ld.so.conf papersize w3m dpkg ld.so.hwcappkgs passwd wgetrc emacs libpaper.d passwd- X11 email-addresses locale.alias perl xdg enscript.cfg locale.gen ppp xinetd.conf environment localtime printcap xinetd.d esound logcheck profile |
#vi /etc/resolv.conf
|
#vi /etc/resolv.conf
2c2 < nameserver 192.168.15.254 --- > nameserver 127.0.0.1 |
#dig @127.0.0.1 mail.ru a
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @127.0.0.1 mail.ru a ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 62220 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mail.ru. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: mail.ru. 12563 IN A 194.67.57.26 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: mail.ru. 12563 IN NS ns.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12563 IN NS ns1.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12563 IN NS ns2.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12563 IN NS ns3.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12563 IN NS ns4.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12563 IN NS ns5.mail.ru. ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:34:46 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 148 |
#ls /etc
adduser.conf etter.conf login.defs protocols adjtime exim4 logrotate.conf python aliases fdmount.conf logrotate.d python2.3 alternatives fonts lsb-base python2.4 apm fpc.cfg mactab qt3 apt fstab magic rc0.d arpwatch.conf gpm.conf mailcap rc1.d at.deny groff mailcap.order rc2.d bash.bashrc group mailname rc3.d bash_completion group- mail.rc rc4.d ... dirmngr ksysguarddrc pam.conf udev discover.conf ldap pam.d updatedb.conf discover.conf-2.6 ld.so.cache pango vga discover.d ld.so.conf papersize w3m dpkg ld.so.hwcappkgs passwd wgetrc emacs libpaper.d passwd- X11 email-addresses locale.alias perl xdg enscript.cfg locale.gen ppp xinetd.conf environment localtime printcap xinetd.d esound logcheck profile |
#ls /etc/bind/ restart
ls: restart: No such file or directory /etc/bind/: db.0 db.255 db.root named.conf.local db.127 db.local named.conf named.conf.options |
#/etc/init.d/bind restart
Stopping domain name service: named. Starting domain name service: named. |
#dig @127.0.0.1 mail.ru a
; <<>> DiG 9.3.2 <<>> @127.0.0.1 mail.ru a ; (1 server found) ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 8001 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mail.ru. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: mail.ru. 12505 IN A 194.67.57.26 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: mail.ru. 12505 IN NS ns2.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12505 IN NS ns3.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12505 IN NS ns4.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12505 IN NS ns5.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12505 IN NS ns.mail.ru. mail.ru. 12505 IN NS ns1.mail.ru. ;; Query time: 4 msec ;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1) ;; WHEN: Wed Jun 28 12:35:44 2006 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 155 |
#vi /etc/bind/named.conf.options
24c24 < --- > version 'netu' |
#apt-cache search bind doc
aleph-doc - The Aleph programming language - documentation aplus-fsf-el - XEmacs lisp for A+ development bind-doc - documentation for BIND bind9-doc - Documentation for BIND c2hs-doc - C->Haskell Interface Generator -- Documentation package cl-arnesi - small Common Lisp utilities emacs-goodies-el - Miscellaneous add-ons for Emacs fte - Text editor for programmers - base package fte-docs - Documentation and examples for the FTE editor gnade-doc - Documentation files for the GNat Ada Database Environment ... samba - a LanManager-like file and printer server for Unix sctplib-dev - userland implementation of the SCTP protocol RFC 2960 sctplib-doc - userland implementation of the SCTP protocol RFC 2960 sctplib1 - userland implementation of the SCTP protocol RFC 2960 slang-gsl - GNU Scientific Library binding for S-Lang tclcurl - Tcl bindings to libcurl translucency-source - Filesystem translucency module - module source treeline - versatile tree-like structured custom data manager xulrunner - XUL + XPCOM application runner yasgml - Yet Another Linuxdoc-DTD only SGML mode |
#apt-cache search bind doc dns
|
#apt-cache search bind dns
autodns-dhcp - Automatic DNS updates for DHCP bindgraph - DNS statistics RRDtool frontend for BIND9 chiark-scripts - chiark system administration scripts dlint - Checks dns zone information using nameserver lookups dnsutils - Clients provided with BIND firedns - Runtime binaries for firedns, an asynch. dns resolver library gbindadmin - GTK+ configuration tool for bind9 hesiod - Utilities for Project Athena's service name resolution protocol host - utility for querying DNS servers ldap2dns - LDAP based DNS management system. ... libnet-dns-fingerprint-perl - library to determine DNS server vendor, product and version lwresd - Lightweight Resolver Daemon nslint - Lint for DNS files, checks integrity python-adns - Python bindings to the asynchronous DNS resolver library python-geoip - python bindings for the GeoIP IP-to-country resolver library python-twisted-names - A DNS protocol implementation with client and server python2.3-adns - A Python 2.3 interface to the asynchronous DNS resolver library python2.3-twisted-names - A DNS protocol implementation with client and server python2.4-adns - A Python 2.4 interface to the asynchronous DNS resolver library python2.4-twisted-names - A DNS protocol implementation with client and server |
#man bind
|
#ls /etc/bind/ restart
ls: restart: No such file or directory /etc/bind/: db.0 db.255 db.root named.conf.local db.127 db.local named.conf named.conf.options |
// This is the primary configuration file for the BIND DNS server named. // // Please read /usr/share/doc/bind/README.Debian for information on the // structure of BIND configuration files in Debian for BIND versions 8.2.1 // and later, *BEFORE* you customize this configuration file. // include "/etc/bind/named.conf.options"; // reduce log verbosity on issues outside our control logging { category lame-servers { null; }; category cname { null; }; }; // prime the server with knowledge of the root servers zone "." { type hint; file "/etc/bind/db.root"; }; // be authoritative for the localhost forward and reverse zones, and for // broadcast zones as per RFC 1912 zone "localhost" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.local"; }; zone "127.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.127"; }; zone "0.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.0"; }; zone "255.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.255"; }; // add local zone definitions here include "/etc/bind/named.conf.local";
l3-agent #-------------------------------------------------- . ~/.ssh-agent > /dev/null 2>&1 if ! grep -q ssh-agent /proc/$SSH_AGENT_PID/cmdline 2> /dev/null then ssh-agent > ~/.ssh-agent . ~/.ssh-agent > /dev/null ssh-add fi echo Agent pid $SSH_AGENT_PID #-------------------------------------------------- . ~/.bashrc
Время первой команды журнала | 10:23:41 2006- 6-28 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 12:39:06 2006- 6-28 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 15.84 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 1.98 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 2.26 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 0.75 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
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В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
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Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
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Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008