16:17:24
|
#ping 192.168.16.0
Do you want to ping broadcast? Then -b |
| /l3/users/clint/nt-lnet-2006-06-26/linux2.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 |
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.1
PING 192.168.16.1 (192.168.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.116 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.080 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.080 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.080 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.079 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.080 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.1: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.082 ms --- 192.168.16.1 ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 7 received, 0% packet loss, time 5999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.079/0.085/0.116/0.014 ms |
|
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.16.63 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.3
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.1
PING 192.168.16.1 (192.168.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.63 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.63 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.63 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable --- 192.168.16.1 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 3000ms , pipe 3 |
|
#ping 192.168.16.16
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.63 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.63 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.63 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 3999ms , pipe 3 |
|
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.16.62 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.3
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.16
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.62 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.62 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.62 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 3000ms , pipe 3 |
|
#mii-tool
eth0: negotiated 100baseTx-FD flow-control, link ok eth1: negotiated 100baseTx-FD flow-control, link ok |
|
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.16.62 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.0
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.16
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.62 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.62 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.62 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 3999ms , pipe 3 |
|
#iptables -T
iptables v1.2.11: Unknown arg `-T' Try `iptables -h' or 'iptables --help' for more information. |
|
#natstat -rn
bash: natstat: command not found |
|
#ssh -P 192.168.16.62:2200
ssh: 192.168.16.62:2200: Name or service not known |
|
#netstat -rn
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 192.168.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
|
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.16.62 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.16
|
|
#ifconfig eth1 192.168.16.65 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.62
|
|
#ssh -P 192.168.16.62 : 2200
The authenticity of host '192.168.16.62 (192.168.16.62)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 07:18:94:2c:0b:9b:a6:d6:e1:70:03:f4:b8:e5:91:31. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.16.62' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. root@192.168.16.62's password: |
|
#exit
exit Connection to 192.168.16.126 closed. |
|
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:79:67:96:71
inet addr:192.168.16.62 Bcast:192.168.16.16 Mask:255.255.255.192
inet6 addr: fe80::204:79ff:fe67:9671/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:251452 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:251249 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:665
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:283370021 (270.2 MiB) TX bytes:289787471 (276.3 MiB)
Interrupt:209 Base address:0xdc00
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:E9:45:0D:2C
...
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:308 (308.0 b)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:4361 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:4361 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:229130 (223.7 KiB) TX bytes:229130 (223.7 KiB)
|
|
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.16.62 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.63
|
|
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.16.62 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.127
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.16
connect: Network is unreachable |
|
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.16.62 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.63
|
|
#ifconfig eth1 192.168.16.65 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.127
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.16
connect: Network is unreachable |
|
#netstat -rn
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 192.168.16.64 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.192 U 0 0 0 eth1 |
|
#ping 192.168.16.126
PING 192.168.16.126 (192.168.16.126) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable --- 192.168.16.126 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 3999ms , pipe 3 |
|
#route add 192.168.16.16 gw default
route: default: cannot use a NETWORK as gateway!
Usage: route [-nNvee] [-FC] [<AF>] List kernel routing tables
route [-v] [-FC] {add|del|flush} ... Modify routing table for AF.
route {-h|--help} [<AF>] Detailed usage syntax for specified AF.
route {-V|--version} Display version/author and exit.
-v, --verbose be verbose
-n, --numeric don't resolve names
-e, --extend display other/more information
-F, --fib display Forwarding Information Base (default)
-C, --cache display routing cache instead of FIB
<AF>=Use '-A <af>' or '--<af>'; default: inet
List of possible address families (which support routing):
inet (DARPA Internet) inet6 (IPv6) ax25 (AMPR AX.25)
netrom (AMPR NET/ROM) ipx (Novell IPX) ddp (Appletalk DDP)
x25 (CCITT X.25)
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.126
PING 192.168.16.126 (192.168.16.126) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable --- 192.168.16.126 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 3999ms , pipe 3 |
|
#ping 192.168.16.16
connect: Network is unreachable |
|
#ping 192.168.16.16
connect: Network is unreachable |
|
#ping 192.168.16.16
connect: Network is unreachable |
|
$w
16:28:59 up 5:50, 5 users, load average: 0,08, 0,02, 0,01 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT user tty1 - 11:50 3:45m 0.25s 0.07s script -f -q /home/user/.lilalo//1792612375262078454-115139 root tty2 - 12:33 3:55m 0.05s 0.05s script -f -q /root/.lilalo//578825205307258209-1151400782.s user pts/2 linux2.linux.nt 10:56 3:48m 0.03s 0.03s script -f -q /home/user/.lilalo//36926889171453624-11513949 root pts/4 linux.nt 12:31 3:57m 0.03s 0.03s script -f -q /root/.lilalo//4667966236383854-1151400671.scr user pts/12 linux16-16.linux 16:28 0.00s 0.02s 0.02s script -f -q /home/user/.lilalo//557015631924218053-1151414 |
|
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.16.62 netmask 255.255.255.192
|
|
$id
uid=1000(user) gid=1000(user) groups=20(dialout),24(cdrom),25(floppy),29(audio),44(video),46(plugdev),1000(user) |
|
$exit
exit Connection to 192.168.16.62 closed. user@sergix:~$ exit logout Connection to 192.168.16.16 closed. |
|
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:79:67:96:71
inet addr:192.168.16.62 Bcast:192.168.16.63 Mask:255.255.255.192
inet6 addr: fe80::204:79ff:fe67:9671/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:251467 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:251249 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:665
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:283370921 (270.2 MiB) TX bytes:289787471 (276.3 MiB)
Interrupt:209 Base address:0xdc00
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:E9:45:0D:2C
...
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1589 (1.5 KiB) TX bytes:882 (882.0 b)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:4371 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:4371 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:230250 (224.8 KiB) TX bytes:230250 (224.8 KiB)
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.126
PING 192.168.16.126 (192.168.16.126) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=7 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=8 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=9 Destination Host Unreachable ... From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=36 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=37 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=38 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=39 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=40 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=41 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.65 icmp_seq=42 Destination Host Unreachable --- 192.168.16.126 ping statistics --- 44 packets transmitted, 0 received, +42 errors, 100% packet loss, time 42995ms , pipe 4 |
|
#ifconfig eth1 192.168.16.64 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.127
|
|
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.16.62 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.63
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.62
PING 192.168.16.62 (192.168.16.62) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.16.62: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.170 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.62: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.080 ms --- 192.168.16.62 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.080/0.125/0.170/0.045 ms |
|
#mii-tool
eth0: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok eth1: no link |
|
#mii-tool
eth0: negotiated 100baseTx-FD flow-control, link ok eth1: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok |
|
#mii-tool
eth0: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok eth1: negotiated 100baseTx-FD flow-control, link ok |
|
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.16.64 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.127
|
|
#ifconfig eth1 192.168.16.62 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.63
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.16
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.321 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.183 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.184 ms --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.183/0.229/0.321/0.065 ms |
|
#ping 192.168.16.126
PING 192.168.16.126 (192.168.16.126) 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.16.64 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.64 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.64 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.64 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.64 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.16.64 icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable --- 192.168.16.126 ping statistics --- 9 packets transmitted, 0 received, +6 errors, 100% packet loss, time 8000ms , pipe 4 |
|
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:04:79:67:96:71
inet addr:192.168.16.64 Bcast:192.168.16.127 Mask:255.255.255.192
inet6 addr: fe80::204:79ff:fe67:9671/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:251471 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:251258 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:665
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:283371209 (270.2 MiB) TX bytes:289788011 (276.3 MiB)
Interrupt:209 Base address:0xdc00
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:E9:45:0D:2C
...
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2723 (2.6 KiB) TX bytes:3150 (3.0 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:4428 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:4428 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:236522 (230.9 KiB) TX bytes:236522 (230.9 KiB)
|
|
#ifconfig eth0 192.168.16.65 netmask 255.255.255.192 broadcast 192.168.16.127
|
|
#ping mail.ru
ping: unknown host mail.ru |
|
#ping mail.ru
ping: unknown host mail.ru |
|
#iptables -t nat -L
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
|
#ls
adduser.conf exim4 logrotate.conf python adjtime fdmount.conf logrotate.d python2.3 aliases fonts lsb-base python2.4 alternatives fpc.cfg mactab qt3 apm fstab magic rc0.d apt gpm.conf mailcap rc1.d arpwatch.conf groff mailcap.order rc2.d at.deny group mailname rc3.d bash.bashrc group- mail.rc rc4.d bash_completion gshadow manpath.config rc5.d ... discover.conf ldap pam.d updatedb.conf discover.conf-2.6 ld.so.cache pango vga discover.d ld.so.conf papersize w3m dpkg ld.so.hwcappkgs passwd wgetrc emacs libpaper.d passwd- X11 email-addresses locale.alias perl xdg enscript.cfg locale.gen ppp xinetd.conf environment localtime printcap xinetd.d esound logcheck profile etter.conf login.defs protocols |
|
#cd /X11
bash: cd: /X11: No such file or directory |
|
#cd /X11
bash: cd: /X11: No such file or directory |
|
#ls -l
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2673 2004-12-07 00:45 debconf.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17 2005-06-06 20:50 debian_version drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-27 15:47 default drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:17 defoma -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 600 2006-04-26 17:01 deluser.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1518 2004-11-04 18:31 dhclient.conf -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6635 2005-12-04 00:06 dhclient-script drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 08:25 dictionaries-common drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:16 dirmngr -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 630 2006-03-28 15:00 discover.conf ... -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1260 2004-10-28 21:50 ucf.conf drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:16 udev -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 805 2006-05-13 15:04 updatedb.conf drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:16 vga drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 08:25 w3m -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4221 2005-10-13 14:26 wgetrc drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 1024 2006-06-26 12:15 X11 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:13 xdg -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1723 2006-06-27 13:31 xinetd.conf drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-27 12:33 xinetd.d |
|
#dpkg-reconfigure xdm
┌────────────────┤ Configuring xdm ├─────────────────┐
│ Выберите желаемый менеджер дисплеев по умолчанию. │
│ │
│ kdm │
│ xdm │
│ │
│ │
│ <Ok> │
│ │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
System startup links for /etc/init.d/xdm already exist.
|
|
#ls -l
total 36 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:17 app-defaults -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 2006-06-26 12:15 default-display-manager drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1024 2006-06-26 10:40 fonts -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17371 2006-06-12 06:40 rgb.txt lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 2006-06-26 10:40 X -> /usr/bin/Xorg drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 10:35 xdm drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 10:35 xinit -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3211 2006-06-27 13:34 xorg.conf drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-12 06:46 Xresources -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3929 2006-06-12 06:40 Xsession drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 2006-06-26 11:16 Xsession.d -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 265 2006-06-12 06:40 Xsession.options -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 2006-05-08 06:36 XvMCConfig -rw------- 1 root root 614 2006-06-26 10:35 Xwrapper.config |
|
#apt-get install console-cyrillic
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done The following extra packages will be installed: console-terminus Suggested packages: libunicode-string-perl console-setup The following NEW packages will be installed console-cyrillic console-terminus 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 15 not upgraded. Need to get 500kB of archives. ... WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! console-terminus console-cyrillic Install these packages without verification [y/N]? y Errhttp://debian.org.ua testing/main console-terminus 4.20-2 Temporary failure resolving ‘debian.org.ua’ Errhttp://debian.org.ua testing/main console-cyrillic 0.9-13 Temporary failure resolving ‘debian.org.ua’ Failed to fetch http://debian.org.ua/debian/pool/main/x/xfonts-terminus/console-terminus_4.20-2_all.deb Temporary failure resolving ‘debian.org.ua’ Failed to fetch http://debian.org.ua/debian/pool/main/c/console-cyrillic/console-cyrillic_0.9-13_all.deb Temporary failure resolving ‘debian.org.ua’ E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing? |
|
#apt-get install console-cyrillic
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done The following extra packages will be installed: console-terminus Suggested packages: libunicode-string-perl console-setup The following NEW packages will be installed console-cyrillic console-terminus 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 15 not upgraded. Need to get 500kB of archives. After unpacking 3543kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! console-terminus console-cyrillic Install these packages without verification [y/N]? N E: Some packages could not be authenticated |
|
#vi /etc/ap
|
|
#vi /etc/ap
|
|
#vi /etc/apt/sources.list
3c3 < #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main --- > deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main 7,8c7,8 < #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main < #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main --- > deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main > deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main 14,15c14,15 < deb http://debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main < deb-src http://debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main --- > #deb http://debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main > #deb-src http://debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main |
|
#apt-get install console-cyrillic
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done The following extra packages will be installed: console-terminus Suggested packages: libunicode-string-perl The following NEW packages will be installed console-cyrillic console-terminus 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0B/295kB of archives. After unpacking 3178kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! console-terminus console-cyrillic Install these packages without verification [y/N]? n W: Duplicate sources.list entry cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/contrib Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-1%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Packages) W: Duplicate sources.list entry cdrom://[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)] unstable/main Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/Debian%20GNU_Linux%20testing%20%5fSarge%5f%20-%20Official%20Snapshot%20i386%20Binary-1%20(20050211)_dists_unstable_main_binary-i386_Packages) W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems E: Some packages could not be authenticated |
|
#vi /etc/apt/sources.list
3c3 < deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main --- > #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main 7,8c7,8 < deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main < deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main --- > #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-2 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main > #deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux testing _Sarge_ - Official Snapshot i386 Binary-1 (20050211)]/ unstable contrib main 12c12 < #deb-src http://debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main --- > deb-src http://debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main 14,15c14,15 < #deb http://debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main < #deb-src http://debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main --- > deb http://debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main > deb-src http://debian.org.ua/debian/ testing main |
|
#apt-get install console-cyrillic
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done The following extra packages will be installed: console-terminus Suggested packages: libunicode-string-perl console-setup The following NEW packages will be installed console-cyrillic console-terminus 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 15 not upgraded. Need to get 500kB of archives. After unpacking 3543kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! console-terminus console-cyrillic Install these packages without verification [y/N]? N E: Some packages could not be authenticated |
|
#apt-get install fp-compiler
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done fp-compiler is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 15 not upgraded. |
|
#apt-get install console-cyrillic
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done The following extra packages will be installed: console-terminus Suggested packages: libunicode-string-perl console-setup The following NEW packages will be installed console-cyrillic console-terminus 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 15 not upgraded. Need to get 500kB of archives. After unpacking 3543kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Yes WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! console-terminus console-cyrillic Install these packages without verification [y/N]? E: Some packages could not be authenticated |
|
#apt-get install xservr-xfree86
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done E: Couldn't find package xservr-xfree86 |
|
#apt-get install xserver-xfree86
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done xserver-xfree86 is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 15 not upgraded. |
|
#apt-get install xserver
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Package xserver is a virtual package provided by: xserver-xorg-dbg 6.9.0.dfsg.1-6 xserver-xorg-core 1:1.0.2-8 vncserver 3.3.7-12 vnc4server 4.1.1+X4.3.0-10 You should explicitly select one to install. E: Package xserver has no installation candidate |
|
#apt-get install kde
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done kde is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 15 not upgraded. |
|
#apt-get install xde
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done E: Couldn't find package xde |
|
#apt-get install gnm
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done E: Couldn't find package gnm |
|
#apt-cache gnome
E: Invalid operation gnome |
|
#apt-cache gnom
E: Invalid operation gnom |
|
#apt-cache search gnom
multi-gnome-terminal-doc - Enhanced the GNOME Terminal -- documentation files nap - napster console client nautilus - file manager and graphical shell for GNOME nautilus-actions - nautilus extension to configure programs to launch nautilus-cd-burner - CD Burning front-end for Nautilus nautilus-data - data files for nautilus nautilus-dbg - file manager and graphical shell for GNOME - debugging version nethack-common - Common files for Nethack dungeon crawl game nethack-gnome - Text-based/Gnome overhead view D&D-style adventure game netmon-applet - GNOME2 Network Load Applet ... xmms-status-plugin - Status panel applet for XMMS xmp-esd - EsounD driver for XMP xpenguins-applet - GNOME2 panel applet implementation of xpenguins xulrunner-gnome-support - Support for Gnome in xulrunner applications xxdiff - a graphical file and directories comparison and merge tool yank - yet another notekeeper yarssr - RSS reader for the notification area yelp - Help browser for GNOME 2 zapping - television viewer for the GNOME environment zenity - Display graphical dialog boxes from shell scripts |
|
#apt-cache search kde
libkbanking1 - KDE frontend library for AqBanking libkcal2-dev - KDE calendaring library [development] libkcal2b - KDE calendaring library libkcddb1 - CDDB library for KDE libkde3-java - kdelibs bindings for Java libkde3-jni - kdelibs bindings for java ( Native libraries ) libkdeedu-dev - development files for KDE educational library libkdeedu3 - library for use with KDE educational apps libkdegames-dev - KDE games library headers libkdegames-doc - API documentation for the KDE games library ... xchat-systray - xchat systray notification icon xfwm4 - window manager of the Xfce project xlassie - Dockable mail notifier w/ message count & POP3/APOP/IMAP support xmms-arts - aRts Output plugin for xmms xmms-kde - MP3 player integrated into the KDE panel xmms-status-plugin - Status panel applet for XMMS xxdiff - a graphical file and directories comparison and merge tool yakuake - a Quake-style terminal emulator based on KDE Konsole technology yarssr - RSS reader for the notification area zinf-plugin-arts - aRts plugin for ZINF |
|
#ping mail.ru
ping: unknown host mail.ru |
|
#apt-cache search gnom
multi-gnome-terminal-doc - Enhanced the GNOME Terminal -- documentation files nap - napster console client nautilus - file manager and graphical shell for GNOME nautilus-actions - nautilus extension to configure programs to launch nautilus-cd-burner - CD Burning front-end for Nautilus nautilus-data - data files for nautilus nautilus-dbg - file manager and graphical shell for GNOME - debugging version nethack-common - Common files for Nethack dungeon crawl game nethack-gnome - Text-based/Gnome overhead view D&D-style adventure game netmon-applet - GNOME2 Network Load Applet ... xmms-status-plugin - Status panel applet for XMMS xmp-esd - EsounD driver for XMP xpenguins-applet - GNOME2 panel applet implementation of xpenguins xulrunner-gnome-support - Support for Gnome in xulrunner applications xxdiff - a graphical file and directories comparison and merge tool yank - yet another notekeeper yarssr - RSS reader for the notification area yelp - Help browser for GNOME 2 zapping - television viewer for the GNOME environment zenity - Display graphical dialog boxes from shell scripts |
|
#apt-get install gnome
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done The following extra packages will be installed: abiword-common abiword-gnome bug-buddy bzip2 capplets-data cdrecord dbus desktop-base desktop-file-utils dia-common dia-gnome dia-libs docbook-xml eog esound evince evolution evolution-data-server file-roller galeon galeon-common gamin gcalctool gconf-editor gconf2 gconf2-common gdm gdm-themes gedit gedit-common gimp gimp-data gksu gnome-about gnome-applets gnome-applets-data gnome-backgrounds gnome-control-center gnome-core gnome-cups-manager gnome-desktop-data gnome-desktop-environment gnome-doc-utils gnome-games gnome-games-data gnome-icon-theme gnome-keyring gnome-keyring-manager gnome-media gnome-menus gnome-mime-data gnome-netstatus-applet gnome-nettool gnome-office gnome-panel gnome-panel-data gnome-session gnome-system-monitor gnome-system-tools gnome-terminal gnome-terminal-data gnome-themes gnome-themes-extras gnome-utils gnome-volume-manager gnome2-user-guide gnomemeeting gnumeric gnumeric-common gstreamer0.10-alsa gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gstreamer0.10-plugins-good ... gnome-nettool gnome-system-monitor system-tools-backends gnome-system-tools gtk2-engines-pixbuf gtk2-engines-thinice gtk2-engines-crux gtk2-engines-redmond95 gtk2-engines-lighthouseblue gtk2-engines-smooth gtk2-engines-mist gtk2-engines-clearlooks gnome-themes gnome2-user-guide gnome-utils libvolume-id0 udev hal pmount gnome-volume-manager libpt-1.10.0 libopenh323-1.18.0 libpt-plugins-alsa libpt-plugins-v4l gnomemeeting gucharmap libgnomevfs2-extra mkisofs nautilus-cd-burner gstreamer0.8-vorbis gstreamer0.8-flac gstreamer0.8-gnomevfs sound-juicer liblircclient0 libtotem-plparser0 totem-xine totem vino zenity gnome-desktop-environment libgsf-gnome-1-114 libgoffice-1-common libgoffice-1-2 gnumeric-common gnumeric libgda2-common libgda2-3 planner libglibmm-2.4-1c2a libgtkmm-2.4-1c2a inkscape gnome-office libgnomecupsui1.0-1c2a gnome-cups-manager gtk2-engines-spherecrystal gtk2-engines-industrial gnome-themes-extras libgpod0 libsexy1 gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs libvisual0.2 gstreamer0.10-plugins-base liba52-0.7.4 libdvdread3 libid3tag0 libmpeg2-4 libsidplay1 gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly rhythmbox synaptic gnome Install these packages without verification [y/N]? E: Some packages could not be authenticated |
|
#ssh cherep@192.168.15.254
ssh: connect to host 192.168.15.254 port 22: Network is unreachable |
|
#apt-get install rsync
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done The following NEW packages will be installed rsync 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 15 not upgraded. Need to get 250kB of archives. After unpacking 430kB of additional disk space will be used. WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! rsync Install these packages without verification [y/N]? Y Get: 1 http://debian.org.ua testing/main rsync 2.6.8-2 [250kB] Fetched 250kB in 1s (145kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package rsync. (Reading database ... 66774 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking rsync (from .../rsync_2.6.8-2_i386.deb) ... Setting up rsync (2.6.8-2) ... rsync daemon not enabled in /etc/default/rsync |
|
#host linux1.linux.nt
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.16
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.199 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.181 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.209 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.182 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.183 ms --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.181/0.190/0.209/0.020 ms |
|
#ping -f 192.168.16.16
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 6081 packets transmitted, 6081 received, 0% packet loss, time 5260ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.123/0.130/0.351/0.017 ms, pipe 2, ipg/ewma 0.865/0.130 ms |
|
#ping -f 192.168.16.16 -s 1992
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 1992(2020) bytes of data. . --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 3788 packets transmitted, 3787 received, 0% packet loss, time 2952ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.494/0.507/7.062/0.109 ms, ipg/ewma 0.779/0.505 ms |
|
#ping -f 192.168.16.16 -s 19922
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 19922(19950) bytes of data. .. --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 835 packets transmitted, 833 received, 0% packet loss, time 3348ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 3.656/3.685/3.786/0.059 ms, ipg/ewma 4.015/3.672 ms |
|
#ping 192.168.16.16
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.201 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.190 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.186 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.187 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.188 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.183 ms --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 5000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.183/0.189/0.201/0.009 ms |
|
#rsync -avz m02:/etc/ m02_etc_tar/etc/
The authenticity of host 'm02 (192.168.15.2)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 07:18:94:2c:0b:9b:a6:d6:e1:70:03:f4:b8:e5:91:31. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added 'm02' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. root@m02's password: receiving file list ... done rsync: mkdir "/etc/m02_etc_tar/etc" failed: No such file or directory (2) rsync error: error in file IO (code 11) at main.c(509) [receiver=2.6.8] |
|
#echo 1 /proc/sys
sys/ sysrq-trigger sysvipc/ |
|
#echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
|
|
#rsync -avz m01:/etc/ m01_etc_tar/etc/
The authenticity of host 'm01 (192.168.15.1)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is cd:7d:92:44:f9:34:eb:df:3f:cc:a0:15:69:94:a9:d7. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added 'm01' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. Password: bash: line 1: rsync: command not found rsync: connection unexpectedly closed (0 bytes received so far) [receiver] rsync error: remote command not found (code 127) at io.c(463) [receiver=2.6.8] |
|
#cd /tmp
|
|
#ping 192.168.16.16
PING 192.168.16.16 (192.168.16.16) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.239 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.16.16: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.190 ms --- 192.168.16.16 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.190/0.214/0.239/0.028 ms |
| Время первой команды журнала | 16:17:24 2006- 6-27 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Время последней команды журнала | 17:09:37 2006- 6-27 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 41.58 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 1.98 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.87 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 1.93 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
| Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1
2
3
4
Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией.
Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды.
Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса,
нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008