/l3/users/eb/2009/linux9/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 :28 :29 :30 :31 :32 :33 :34 :35 :36 :37 :38 :39 |
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#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:8c:64:2c:4a inet addr:192.168.15.9 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21e:8cff:fe64:2c4a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:100993 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:89248 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:2 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:53021190 (50.5 MiB) TX bytes:21794660 (20.7 MiB) eth0.105 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:8c:64:2c:4a inet addr:192.168.105.1 Bcast:192.168.105.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 ... TX packets:8326 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:426735 (416.7 KiB) TX bytes:426735 (416.7 KiB) tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:172.16.1.5 P-t-P:172.16.1.6 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) |
#ip route
172.16.1.6 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.1.5 192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 192.168.106.0/24 via 172.16.1.6 dev tun0 default via 192.168.205.1 dev eth0.205 |
#ip route show table 2
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#ip route show table 3
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#ip route add default via 192.168.215.1 dev eth0.215 table 3
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#ip rule add from 192.168.205.2 lookup 2
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#ip rule add from 192.168.215.2 lookup 3
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#ping -I 192.168.215.2 192.168.215.1
PING 192.168.215.1 (192.168.215.1) from 192.168.215.2 : 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.215.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.594 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.215.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.582 ms ^C --- 192.168.215.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.582/0.588/0.594/0.006 ms |
#ping -I 192.168.215.2 10.0.35.1
PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) from 192.168.215.2 : 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.253 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.254 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=0.250 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=0.242 ms ^C --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.242/0.249/0.254/0.019 ms |
#netstat -rn
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 172.16.1.6 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.215.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0.215 192.168.15.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.205.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0.205 192.168.105.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0.105 192.168.106.0 172.16.1.6 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 0.0.0.0 192.168.205.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0.205 |
#vi /etc/network/interfaces
--- /tmp/l3-saved-30944.31361.8761 2009-06-03 21:14:43.000000000 +0300 +++ /etc/network/interfaces 2009-06-03 21:15:15.000000000 +0300 @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ up ifconfig eth0.205 192.168.205.2 || true #network 255.255.255.0 -up route add default gw 192.168.205.1 || true +#up route add default gw 192.168.205.1 || true #vlan_raw_device eth0 |
#/etc/init.d/networking restart
Reconfiguring network interfaces...if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0]: waiting for interface eth0.105 before doing NFS mounts (warning). if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0]: waiting for interface eth0.205 before doing NFS mounts (warning). if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0]: waiting for interface eth0.215 before doing NFS mounts (warning). Ignoring unknown interface eth0.105=eth0.105. Ignoring unknown interface eth0.205=eth0.205. Ignoring unknown interface eth0.215=eth0.215. done. |
#ip route show table 2
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#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:8c:64:2c:4a inet addr:192.168.15.9 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21e:8cff:fe64:2c4a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:101399 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:89742 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:2 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:53056557 (50.5 MiB) TX bytes:21836807 (20.8 MiB) eth0.105 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:8c:64:2c:4a inet addr:192.168.105.1 Bcast:192.168.105.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 ... TX packets:8379 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:431367 (421.2 KiB) TX bytes:431367 (421.2 KiB) tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:172.16.1.5 P-t-P:172.16.1.6 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) |
#/etc/init.d/networking start
Configuring network interfaces...if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0]: waiting for interface eth0.105 before doing NFS mounts (warning). if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0]: waiting for interface eth0.205 before doing NFS mounts (warning). if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0]: waiting for interface eth0.215 before doing NFS mounts (warning). Set name-type for VLAN subsystem. Should be visible in /proc/net/vlan/config Added VLAN with VID == 105 to IF -:eth0:- if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0.105]: waiting for interface eth0.205 before doing NFS mounts (warning). if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0.105]: waiting for interface eth0.215 before doing NFS mounts (warning). Set name-type for VLAN subsystem. Should be visible in /proc/net/vlan/config Added VLAN with VID == 205 to IF -:eth0:- if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0.205]: waiting for interface eth0.215 before doing NFS mounts (warning). Set name-type for VLAN subsystem. Should be visible in /proc/net/vlan/config Added VLAN with VID == 215 to IF -:eth0:- done. |
#ping -I 192.168.215.2 10.0.35.1
PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) from 192.168.215.2 : 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.278 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.241 ms ^C --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.241/0.259/0.278/0.024 ms |
#./chroute
RTNETLINK answers: No such file or directory 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.240 ms --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.240/0.240/0.240/0.000 ms PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) from 192.168.205.2 : 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.205.2 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 0ms RTNETLINK answers: No such file or directory ... PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) from 192.168.205.2 : 56(84) bytes of data. From 192.168.205.2 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 0ms PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) from 192.168.215.2 : 56(84) bytes of data. RTNETLINK answers: No such file or directory 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.260 ms --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.260/0.260/0.260/0.000 ms |
#netstat -rn
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 172.16.1.6 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.215.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0.215 192.168.15.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.205.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0.205 192.168.105.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0.105 192.168.106.0 172.16.1.6 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 |
#netstat -rn
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 172.16.1.6 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 192.168.215.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0.215 192.168.15.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.205.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0.205 192.168.105.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0.105 192.168.106.0 172.16.1.6 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 |
#ip route show
172.16.1.6 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.1.5 192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 192.168.106.0/24 via 172.16.1.6 dev tun0 |
#/etc/init.d/openvpn stop
Stopping virtual private network daemon: server. |
#ip route show
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 |
#ip route show
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 |
#ip route show
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 |
#ip route show
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 |
#ip route show
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 |
#ip route show
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 |
#ip route show
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 |
#ip route show
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 default via 192.168.215.1 dev eth0.215 |
#ip route show
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 default via 192.168.205.1 dev eth0.205 |
#ip route show
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 default via 192.168.205.1 dev eth0.205 |
#ssh 10.0.35.100
Host key fingerprint is 69:b5:3e:1a:9a:b7:c3:c3:96:03:c7:b7:b4:69:1d:3b +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | | | | | . | | o . | | .S . | | ..o.o . | | =.+o= o | | oXo=.E | | ooo* . | +-----------------+ root@10.0.35.100's password: Linux linux0 2.6.18-6-xen-686 #1 SMP Sun Feb 10 22:43:13 UTC 2008 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Thu Jun 4 10:30:09 2009 from 192.168.214.2 l3-agent is already running: pid=4804; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
#ping 10.0.35.1
PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.251 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.246 ms ^C --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.246/0.248/0.251/0.015 ms |
#ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:8c:64:2c:4a inet addr:192.168.15.9 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21e:8cff:fe64:2c4a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:161998 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:150119 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:2 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:58840219 (56.1 MiB) TX bytes:27470771 (26.1 MiB) eth0.105 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:8c:64:2c:4a inet addr:192.168.105.1 Bcast:192.168.105.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 ... collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:295562 (288.6 KiB) TX bytes:356793 (348.4 KiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:8426 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8426 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:437023 (426.7 KiB) TX bytes:437023 (426.7 KiB) |
#ip route
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 default via 192.168.205.1 dev eth0.205 |
#ip route
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 default via 192.168.205.1 dev eth0.205 |
#vi /etc/network/interfaces
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#ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0
|
#ping 192.168.105.2
PING 192.168.105.2 (192.168.105.2) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.105.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2017ms |
#ping 192.168.105.1
PING 192.168.105.1 (192.168.105.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.105.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.038 ms ^C --- 192.168.105.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.038/0.038/0.038/0.000 ms |
#ip route
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 default via 192.168.205.1 dev eth0.205 |
#/etc/init.d/openvpn restart
Stopping virtual private network daemon:. Starting virtual private network daemon: server. |
#ping 192.168.206.1
PING 192.168.206.1 (192.168.206.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.206.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.618 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.206.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.718 ms ^C --- 192.168.206.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.618/0.668/0.718/0.050 ms |
#ping 10.0.35.1
PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.244 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.247 ms ^C --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.244/0.245/0.247/0.015 ms |
#ping 172.16.1.5
PING 172.16.1.5 (172.16.1.5) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.16.1.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.040 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.1.5: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.050 ms ^C --- 172.16.1.5 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.040/0.045/0.050/0.005 ms |
#ping 172.16.1.6
PING 172.16.1.6 (172.16.1.6) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.16.1.6: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.544 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.1.6: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.338 ms ^C --- 172.16.1.6 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.338/0.441/0.544/0.103 ms |
#ping 192.168.206.1
PING 192.168.206.1 (192.168.206.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.206.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.699 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.206.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.622 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.206.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=68.3 ms ^C --- 192.168.206.1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2004ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.622/23.225/68.356/31.912 ms |
#ping 192.168.106.2
PING 192.168.106.2 (192.168.106.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.106.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.855 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.106.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.625 ms ^C --- 192.168.106.2 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.625/0.740/0.855/0.115 ms |
#iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0.215 -j MASQUERADE
|
#iptables -t nat -L -v
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 12578 packets, 797K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 47454 packets, 3886K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 44 2694 MASQUERADE all -- any eth0.205 anywhere anywhere 0 0 MASQUERADE all -- any eth0.215 anywhere anywhere Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 43874 packets, 3671K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination |
#iptables -t nat -F
|
#iptables -t nat -L -v
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 12669 packets, 803K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 47457 packets, 3886K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 43882 packets, 3672K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination |
#ping 192.168.105.2
PING 192.168.105.2 (192.168.105.2) 56(84) bytes of data. cFrom 192.168.105.1 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.105.1 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 192.168.105.1 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- 192.168.105.2 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 3013ms , pipe 3 |
#ip route show
172.16.1.6 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.1.5 192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 192.168.106.0/24 via 172.16.1.6 dev tun0 default via 192.168.205.1 dev eth0.205 |
#ping 10.0.35.1
PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.231 ms ^C --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.231/0.231/0.231/0.000 ms |
#ping 192.168.206.2
PING 192.168.206.2 (192.168.206.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.206.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.271 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.206.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.322 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.206.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.335 ms ^C --- 192.168.206.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.271/0.309/0.335/0.031 ms |
#ping 192.168.206.2
PING 192.168.206.2 (192.168.206.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.206.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.239 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.206.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.267 ms ^C --- 192.168.206.2 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.239/0.253/0.267/0.014 ms |
#ssh 192.168.215.1
Connection to 192.168.215.1 closed by remote host. |
#ping 192.168.105.2
PING 192.168.105.2 (192.168.105.2) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.105.2 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 999ms |
#ip route show
172.16.1.6 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.1.5 192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 192.168.106.0/24 via 172.16.1.6 dev tun0 default via 192.168.205.1 dev eth0.205 |
#ping 192.168.105.1
PING 192.168.105.1 (192.168.105.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.105.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.027 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.105.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.039 ms ^C --- 192.168.105.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.027/0.033/0.039/0.006 ms |
#ping 192.168.105.2
PING 192.168.105.2 (192.168.105.2) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.105.2 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 0ms |
#ssh 192.168.215.1
Connection to 192.168.215.1 closed by remote host. |
#ping 192.168.105.2
PING 192.168.105.2 (192.168.105.2) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.105.2 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1008ms |
#traceroute 192.168.105.2
traceroute to 192.168.105.2 (192.168.105.2), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets^C |
#ip route shw
Command "shw" is unknown, try "ip route help". |
#ip route sh
172.16.1.6 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.1.5 192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 192.168.106.0/24 via 172.16.1.6 dev tun0 default via 192.168.205.1 dev eth0.205 |
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:8c:64:2c:4a inet6 addr: fe80::21e:8cff:fe64:2c4a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:168256 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:157867 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:2 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:60650774 (57.8 MiB) TX bytes:28943744 (27.6 MiB) eth0.105 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:8c:64:2c:4a inet addr:192.168.105.1 Bcast:192.168.105.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21e:8cff:fe64:2c4a/64 Scope:Link ... TX packets:8466 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:441095 (430.7 KiB) TX bytes:441095 (430.7 KiB) tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:172.16.1.5 P-t-P:172.16.1.6 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:3438 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1665 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:336741 (328.8 KiB) TX bytes:647087 (631.9 KiB) |
#ping 192.168.105.1
PING 192.168.105.1 (192.168.105.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.105.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.039 ms ^C --- 192.168.105.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.039/0.039/0.039/0.000 ms |
#ping 192.168.105.1
PING 192.168.105.1 (192.168.105.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.105.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.024 ms ^C --- 192.168.105.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.024/0.024/0.024/0.000 ms |
#ping 192.168.105.2
PING 192.168.105.2 (192.168.105.2) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.105.2 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 0ms |
#cat /etc/default/openvpn
# This is the configuration file for /etc/init.d/openvpn # # Start only these VPNs automatically via init script. # Allowed values are "all", "none" or space separated list of # names of the VPNs. If empty, "all" is assumed. # #AUTOSTART="all" #AUTOSTART="none" #AUTOSTART="home office" # # Refresh interval (in seconds) of default status files # located in /var/run/openvpn.$NAME.status # Defaults to 10, 0 disables status file generation # #STATUSREFRESH=10 #STATUSREFRESH=0 # Optional arguments to openvpn's command line OPTARGS="" |
#ssh 10.0.35.100
Host key fingerprint is 69:b5:3e:1a:9a:b7:c3:c3:96:03:c7:b7:b4:69:1d:3b +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | | | | | . | | o . | | .S . | | ..o.o . | | =.+o= o | | oXo=.E | | ooo* . | +-----------------+ root@10.0.35.100's password: Linux linux0 2.6.18-6-xen-686 #1 SMP Sun Feb 10 22:43:13 UTC 2008 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Thu Jun 4 14:20:48 2009 from 192.168.202.2 l3-agent is already running: pid=4804; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
#vi /etc/default/openvpn
--- /tmp/l3-saved-30944.26550.13123 2009-06-04 10:20:58.000000000 +0300 +++ /etc/default/openvpn 2009-06-04 10:21:17.000000000 +0300 @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ # names of the VPNs. If empty, "all" is assumed. # #AUTOSTART="all" -#AUTOSTART="none" +AUTOSTART="none" #AUTOSTART="home office" # # Refresh interval (in seconds) of default status files |
#iptables -t nat -L
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
#ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:8c:64:2c:4a inet6 addr: fe80::21e:8cff:fe64:2c4a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:169359 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:159190 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:2 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:60815874 (57.9 MiB) TX bytes:29100954 (27.7 MiB) eth0.105 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1e:8c:64:2c:4a inet addr:192.168.105.1 Bcast:192.168.105.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::21e:8cff:fe64:2c4a/64 Scope:Link ... collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:1190730 (1.1 MiB) TX bytes:1509606 (1.4 MiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:8470 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8470 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:441487 (431.1 KiB) TX bytes:441487 (431.1 KiB) |
#/etc/init.d/networking restart
Reconfiguring network interfaces...Removed VLAN -:eth0.105:- SIOCDELRT: No such process Removed VLAN -:eth0.215:- if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0]: waiting for interface eth0.105 before doing NFS mounts (warning). if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0]: waiting for interface eth0.205 before doing NFS mounts (warning). if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0]: waiting for interface eth0.215 before doing NFS mounts (warning). Set name-type for VLAN subsystem. Should be visible in /proc/net/vlan/config Added VLAN with VID == 105 to IF -:eth0:- if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0.105]: waiting for interface eth0.205 before doing NFS mounts (warning). if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0.105]: waiting for interface eth0.215 before doing NFS mounts (warning). Set name-type for VLAN subsystem. Should be visible in /proc/net/vlan/config ERROR: trying to add VLAN #205 to IF -:eth0:- error: File exists if-up.d/mountnfs[eth0.205]: waiting for interface eth0.215 before doing NFS mounts (warning). Set name-type for VLAN subsystem. Should be visible in /proc/net/vlan/config Added VLAN with VID == 215 to IF -:eth0:- done. |
#ping 10.0.35.1
PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.244 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.232 ms ^C --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.232/0.238/0.244/0.006 ms |
#ping 192.168.105.2
PING 192.168.105.2 (192.168.105.2) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.105.2 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2015ms |
#mii-tool
eth0: negotiated 1000baseT-FD flow-control, link ok |
#eth-tool
bash: eth-tool: команда не найдена |
#apt-get install eth-tool
Чтение списков пакетов... Готово Построение дерева зависимостей Чтение информации о состоянии... Готово E: Не удалось найти пакет eth-tool |
#vi /etc/apt/sources.list
|
#dig eb.co.ua
; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-P1 <<>> eb.co.ua ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 28842 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;eb.co.ua. IN A ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: eb.co.ua. 3054 IN SOA dns.eb.co.ua. uiyn.email.ua. 200712056 10800 3600 604800 3600 ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 10.0.35.1#53(10.0.35.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Jun 4 10:55:51 2009 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 77 |
#dig mail.ru
; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-P1 <<>> mail.ru ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 162 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 4, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mail.ru. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: mail.ru. 2949 IN A 194.67.57.26 mail.ru. 2949 IN A 194.67.57.126 ... mail.ru. 2636 IN NS ns.mail.ru. mail.ru. 2636 IN NS ns2.mail.ru. mail.ru. 2636 IN NS ns1.mail.ru. mail.ru. 2636 IN NS ns5.mail.ru. mail.ru. 2636 IN NS ns4.mail.ru. mail.ru. 2636 IN NS ns3.mail.ru. ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 10.0.35.1#53(10.0.35.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Jun 4 10:56:24 2009 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 196 |
#dig mail.ru mx
; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-P1 <<>> mail.ru mx ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 51109 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 6, ADDITIONAL: 1 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mail.ru. IN MX ;; ANSWER SECTION: mail.ru. 3600 IN MX 10 mxs.mail.ru. ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: ... mail.ru. 2622 IN NS ns.mail.ru. mail.ru. 2622 IN NS ns1.mail.ru. mail.ru. 2622 IN NS ns5.mail.ru. mail.ru. 2622 IN NS ns4.mail.ru. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: mxs.mail.ru. 3600 IN A 94.100.176.20 ;; Query time: 87 msec ;; SERVER: 10.0.35.1#53(10.0.35.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Jun 4 10:56:38 2009 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 168 |
#dig ua NS
; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-P1 <<>> ua NS ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 40588 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 10, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 4 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;ua. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: ua. 172771 IN NS pch.ns.ua. ua. 172771 IN NS ns.uu.net. ... ua. 172771 IN NS he1.ns.ua. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns2.nic.fr. 109139 IN A 192.93.0.4 ns2.nic.fr. 109139 IN AAAA 2001:660:3005:1::1:2 sunic.sunet.se. 5356 IN A 192.36.125.2 sunic.sunet.se. 5356 IN AAAA 2001:6b0:7::2 ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 10.0.35.1#53(10.0.35.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Jun 4 10:58:22 2009 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 334 |
#dig ua ns
; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-P1 <<>> ua ns ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 49507 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 10, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 4 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;ua. IN NS ;; ANSWER SECTION: ua. 172756 IN NS sunic.sunet.se. ua. 172756 IN NS ho1.ns.ua. ... ua. 172756 IN NS ns.lucky.net. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns2.nic.fr. 109124 IN A 192.93.0.4 ns2.nic.fr. 109124 IN AAAA 2001:660:3005:1::1:2 sunic.sunet.se. 5341 IN A 192.36.125.2 sunic.sunet.se. 5341 IN AAAA 2001:6b0:7::2 ;; Query time: 0 msec ;; SERVER: 10.0.35.1#53(10.0.35.1) ;; WHEN: Thu Jun 4 10:58:37 2009 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 334 |
#ping 198.162.15.10
PING 198.162.15.10 (198.162.15.10) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 198.162.15.10 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1001ms |
#ip route
192.168.215.0/24 dev eth0.215 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.215.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.9 192.168.205.0/24 dev eth0.205 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.205.2 192.168.105.0/24 dev eth0.105 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.105.1 default via 192.168.205.1 dev eth0.205 |
#vi /approx/approx.conf
|
#~ +q436f+q6b75+q6b64+q6b72+q6b6c+q2332+q2334+q2569+q2a37+q6b31
1 # Here are some examples of remote repository mappings. 2 # See http://www.debian.org/mirror/list for mirror sites. 3 4 #debian http://10.0.35.100:9999/debian/ 5 #debian http://ftp.debian.org/debian 6 #security http://security.debian.org/debian-security 7 #volatile http://volatile.debian.org/debian-volatile 8 9 # The following are the default parameter values, so there is 10 # no need to uncomment them unless you want a different value. 11 # See approx.conf(5) for details. 12 13 #$max_wait 10 14 #$max_rate unlimited 15 #$user approx 16 #$group approx 17 #$syslog daemon 18 #$pdiffs true 19 #$verbose false 20 #$debug false "/etc/approx/approx.conf" 20L, 596C |
#~ +q436f+q6b75+q6b64+q6b72+q6b6c+q2332+q2334+q2569+q2a37+q6b31
PING 10.0.15.100 (10.0.15.100) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 10.0.15.100 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1008ms |
#vi /etc/approx/approx.conf
|
#vi /etc/apt/sources.list
|
# This is the configuration file for /etc/init.d/openvpn # # Start only these VPNs automatically via init script. # Allowed values are "all", "none" or space separated list of # names of the VPNs. If empty, "all" is assumed. # #AUTOSTART="all" #AUTOSTART="none" #AUTOSTART="home office" # # Refresh interval (in seconds) of default status files # located in /var/run/openvpn.$NAME.status # Defaults to 10, 0 disables status file generation # #STATUSREFRESH=10 #STATUSREFRESH=0 # Optional arguments to openvpn's command line OPTARGS=""
1
Время первой команды журнала | 21:09:39 2009- 6- 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 11:03:56 2009- 6- 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 16.83 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.99 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 1.90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 0.89 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008