/l3/users/devi/xen-for-zen/xen1.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 :28 :29 :30 :31 :32 :33 :34 :35 :36 :37 :38 :39 :40 :41 :42 :43 :44 :45 :46
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Журнал лабораторных работ

Содержание

Журнал

Воскресенье (04/08/07)

/dev/pts/10
10:02:52
#brctl showmacs xenbr2 | sort -n
port no mac addr                is local?       ageing timer
  1     00:16:3e:01:00:c3       no               292.08
  2     00:16:3e:01:01:c2       no               292.08
  3     00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec       no                 2.72
  4     00:02:44:22:a5:b4       no                96.15
  4     00:02:44:24:c6:2a       no                69.70
  4     00:02:44:4c:34:14       no                26.80
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:12       no                 0.30
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:5a       no                 1.43
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:66       no                 1.10
...
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:82       no               146.39
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:e9       no               217.44
  4     00:19:aa:10:6b:78       no               219.64
  4     00:1a:2f:26:57:8d       no               145.61
  4     00:1a:2f:83:3e:b7       no                26.94
  4     00:20:af:be:10:e4       no                44.33
  4     00:30:48:51:5b:5e       no               273.91
  4     00:50:04:af:07:3d       no               239.72
  4     00:60:b0:57:8d:50       no                 5.06
  4     fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff       yes                0.00
10:02:53
#brctl showmacs xenbr2 | sort -n
port no mac addr                is local?       ageing timer
  1     00:16:3e:01:00:c3       no               292.91
  2     00:16:3e:01:01:c2       no               292.91
  3     00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec       no                 3.56
  4     00:02:44:22:a5:b4       no                96.98
  4     00:02:44:24:c6:2a       no                70.53
  4     00:02:44:4c:34:14       no                27.63
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:12       no                 1.14
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:5a       no                 0.26
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:66       no                 0.34
...
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:82       no               147.22
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:e9       no               218.27
  4     00:19:aa:10:6b:78       no               220.47
  4     00:1a:2f:26:57:8d       no               146.44
  4     00:1a:2f:83:3e:b7       no                27.78
  4     00:20:af:be:10:e4       no                45.17
  4     00:30:48:51:5b:5e       no               274.74
  4     00:50:04:af:07:3d       no               240.55
  4     00:60:b0:57:8d:50       no                 5.89
  4     fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff       yes                0.00
10:02:54
#brctl showmacs xenbr2 | sort -n
port no mac addr                is local?       ageing timer
  1     00:16:3e:01:00:c3       no               294.42
  2     00:16:3e:01:01:c2       no               294.42
  3     00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec       no                 5.06
  4     00:02:44:22:a5:b4       no                98.49
  4     00:02:44:24:c6:2a       no                72.04
  4     00:02:44:4c:34:14       no                29.14
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:12       no                 2.64
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:5a       no                 1.77
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:66       no                 1.84
...
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:82       no               148.73
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:e9       no               219.78
  4     00:19:aa:10:6b:78       no               221.98
  4     00:1a:2f:26:57:8d       no               147.95
  4     00:1a:2f:83:3e:b7       no                29.28
  4     00:20:af:be:10:e4       no                46.67
  4     00:30:48:51:5b:5e       no               276.25
  4     00:50:04:af:07:3d       no               242.06
  4     00:60:b0:57:8d:50       no                 7.40
  4     fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff       yes                0.00
10:02:55
#brctl showmacs xenbr2 | sort -n
port no mac addr                is local?       ageing timer
  3     00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec       no                19.08
  4     00:02:44:22:a5:b4       no                36.23
  4     00:02:44:24:c6:2a       no                37.53
  4     00:02:44:4c:34:14       no               114.49
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:12       no                 4.66
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:5a       no                 1.80
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:66       no                 1.87
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:fe       no                 1.23
  4     00:03:47:f1:49:58       no                 1.65
...
  4     00:18:ba:c8:08:18       no                 1.16
  4     00:19:56:fd:74:89       no               174.76
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:2d       no               117.83
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:82       no               282.75
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:c0       no               105.59
  4     00:1a:2f:26:57:8d       no               281.97
  4     00:1a:2f:83:3e:b7       no               163.31
  4     00:20:af:be:10:e4       no               180.69
  4     00:60:b0:57:8d:50       no                21.37
  4     fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff       yes                0.00
10:05:09
#brctl showmacs xenbr2 | sort -n
port no mac addr                is local?       ageing timer
  3     00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec       no                29.51
  4     00:02:44:22:a5:b4       no                46.66
  4     00:02:44:24:c6:2a       no                47.96
  4     00:02:44:4c:34:14       no               124.92
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:12       no                 4.10
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:5a       no                 0.23
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:66       no                 0.30
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:fe       no                 1.66
  4     00:03:47:f1:49:58       no                 0.08
...
  4     00:18:ba:c8:08:18       no                 1.57
  4     00:19:56:fd:74:89       no               185.19
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:2d       no               128.27
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:82       no               293.18
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:c0       no               116.03
  4     00:1a:2f:26:57:8d       no               292.41
  4     00:1a:2f:83:3e:b7       no               173.74
  4     00:20:af:be:10:e4       no               191.13
  4     00:60:b0:57:8d:50       no                31.80
  4     fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff       yes                0.00
10:05:20
#dpkg -S brctl
bridge-utils: /usr/sbin/brctl
zsh: /usr/share/zsh/4.3.2/functions/Completion/Linux/_brctl
bridge-utils: /usr/share/man/man8/brctl.8.gz
10:05:41
#dpkg -L bridge-utils
/.
/etc
/etc/network
/etc/network/if-pre-up.d
/etc/network/if-pre-up.d/bridge
/etc/network/if-post-down.d
/etc/network/if-post-down.d/bridge
/usr
/usr/sbin
/usr/sbin/brctl
...
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/PROJECTS
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/SMPNOTES
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/WISHLIST
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/changelog.gz
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/copyright
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/README.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/man
/usr/share/man/man8
/usr/share/man/man8/brctl.8.gz
10:05:55
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/README
10:06:52
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/
10:06:52
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/HOWTO
10:08:39
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/
10:08:39
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/TODO
10:09:15
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/
10:09:15
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/WISHLIST
10:09:39
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/PROJECTS
прошло 15 минут
10:24:59
#ping 192.168.4.4 
PING 192.168.4.4 (192.168.4.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
--- 192.168.4.4 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 4009ms
прошло >9 часов
20:18:12
#ping 192.168.4.4 
PING 192.168.4.4 (192.168.4.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
--- 192.168.4.4 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3005ms
20:18:23
#brctl show
bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
service0                8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.0
                                                        vif5.0
xenbr0          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif0.1
                                                        peth1
                                                        vif1.0
xenbr1          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.1
xenbr2          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.2
                                                        vif5.1
                                                        vif0.2
                                                        peth0
xenbr3          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif5.2
xenbr4          8000.000000000000       no
20:19:12
#ifconfig eth0
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:13:D4:B2:4F:EC
          inet addr:192.168.16.1  Bcast:192.168.16.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::213:d4ff:feb2:4fec/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:519852 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1869 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:197627982 (188.4 MiB)  TX bytes:60084 (58.6 KiB)
20:19:20
#vconfig add eth0 4
WARNING:  Could not open /proc/net/vlan/config.  Maybe you need to load the 8021q module, or maybe you are not using PROCFS??
Added VLAN with VID == 4 to IF -:eth0:-
20:19:29
#modprobe 8021q










20:19:41




#vconfig add eth0 4


ERROR: trying to add VLAN #4 to IF -:eth0:-  error: Invalid argument











20:19:42




#vconfig delete eth0 4





Unknown command -:delete:-
Usage: add             [interface-name] [vlan_id]
       rem             [vlan-name]
       set_flag        [interface-name] [flag-num]       [0 | 1]
       set_egress_map  [vlan-name]      [skb_priority]   [vlan_qos]
       set_ingress_map [vlan-name]      [skb_priority]   [vlan_qos]
       set_name_type   [name-type]
* The [interface-name] is the name of the ethernet card that hosts
  the VLAN you are talking about.
* The vlan_id is the identifier (0-4095) of the VLAN you are operating on.
...
              DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005), DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)
* bind-type:  PER_DEVICE  # Allows vlan 5 on eth0 and eth1 to be unique.
              PER_KERNEL  # Forces vlan 5 to be unique across all devices.
* FLAGS:  1 REORDER_HDR  When this is set, the VLAN device will move the
            ethernet header around to make it look exactly like a real
            ethernet device.  This may help programs such as DHCPd which
            read the raw ethernet packet and make assumptions about the
            location of bytes.  If you don't need it, don't turn it on, because
            there will be at least a small performance degradation.  Default
            is OFF.











20:19:52




#vconfig rem eth0.4


Removed VLAN -:eth0.4:-











20:20:14




#vconfig add eth0 4


Added VLAN with VID == 4 to IF -:eth0:-











20:20:18




#ifconfig eth0.4


eth0.4    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:13:D4:B2:4F:EC
          BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)











20:20:22




#ifconfig eth0.4 192.168.4.1










прошло 39 минут




21:00:02




#ping 192.168.4.4


PING 192.168.4.4 (192.168.4.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.4.4: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.517 ms
--- 192.168.4.4 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.517/0.517/0.517/0.000 ms









Понедельник (04/09/07)


09:37:56




#ping 192.168.4.3


PING 192.168.4.3 (192.168.4.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.4.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.457 ms
--- 192.168.4.3 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.457/0.457/0.457/0.000 ms











09:37:57




#ping 192.168.4.254


PING 192.168.4.254 (192.168.4.254) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.4.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.26 ms
--- 192.168.4.254 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.269/1.269/1.269/0.000 ms











09:37:58




#ip link show


1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,PROMISC,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff











09:38:04




#brctl show


bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
service0                8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.0
                                                        vif5.0
xenbr0          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif0.1
                                                        peth1
                                                        vif1.0
xenbr1          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.1
xenbr2          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.2
                                                        vif5.1
                                                        vif0.2
                                                        peth0
xenbr3          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif5.2
xenbr4          8000.000000000000       no











09:38:16




#brctl show xenbr2


bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
service0                8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.0
                                                        vif5.0
xenbr0          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif0.1
                                                        peth1
                                                        vif1.0
xenbr1          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.1
xenbr2          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.2
                                                        vif5.1
                                                        vif0.2
                                                        peth0
xenbr3          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif5.2
xenbr4          8000.000000000000       no











09:38:19




#brctl show


bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
service0                8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.0
                                                        vif5.0
xenbr0          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif0.1
                                                        peth1
                                                        vif1.0
xenbr1          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.1
xenbr2          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.2
                                                        vif5.1
                                                        vif0.2
                                                        peth0
xenbr3          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif5.2
xenbr4          8000.000000000000       no











09:38:32




#ip link show


1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,PROMISC,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff











09:38:42




#ip link show


1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,PROMISC,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff











09:43:02




#ip





Usage: ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
       ip [ -force ] [-batch filename
where  OBJECT := { link | addr | route | rule | neigh | ntable | tunnel |
                   maddr | mroute | monitor | xfrm | moo }
       OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -r[esolve] |
                    -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx | dnet | link } |
                    -o[neline] | -t[imestamp] }











09:43:26




#less /etc/xen/scripts/network-bridge










09:43:45




#ip





Usage: ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
       ip [ -force ] [-batch filename
where  OBJECT := { link | addr | route | rule | neigh | ntable | tunnel |
                   maddr | mroute | monitor | xfrm | moo }
       OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -r[esolve] |
                    -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx | dnet | link } |
                    -o[neline] | -t[imestamp] }











09:43:46




# link





link: missing operand
Try `link --help' for more information.











09:43:51




#ip


1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,PROMISC,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff











09:43:53




#ip  link help





Usage: ip link set DEVICE { up | down |
                             arp { on | off } |
                             dynamic { on | off } |
                             multicast { on | off } |
                             allmulticast { on | off } |
                             promisc { on | off } |
                             trailers { on | off } |
                             txqueuelen PACKETS |
                             name NEWNAME |
                             address LLADDR | broadcast LLADDR |
                             mtu MTU }
       ip link show [ DEVICE ]











09:43:55




#ip link


1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,PROMISC,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff











09:44:02




#ip  link help





Usage: ip link set DEVICE { up | down |
                             arp { on | off } |
                             dynamic { on | off } |
                             multicast { on | off } |
                             allmulticast { on | off } |
                             promisc { on | off } |
                             trailers { on | off } |
                             txqueuelen PACKETS |
                             name NEWNAME |
                             address LLADDR | broadcast LLADDR |
                             mtu MTU }
       ip link show [ DEVICE ]











09:44:18




#ip  link set peth0 promisc off












09:44:37




#ip link


1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff











09:44:53




#brctl show


bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
service0                8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.0
                                                        vif5.0
xenbr0          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif0.1
                                                        peth1
                                                        vif1.0
xenbr1          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.1
xenbr2          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.2
                                                        vif5.1
                                                        vif0.2
                                                        peth0
xenbr3          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif5.2
xenbr4          8000.000000000000       no











09:45:03




#ip  link set vif0.2 promisc off












09:45:18




#ip link | grep -i promisc















09:46:20




#ip link


1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff











09:46:23




#ping 192.168.4.1


PING 192.168.4.1 (192.168.4.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.4.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.037 ms
--- 192.168.4.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.037/0.037/0.037/0.000 ms









прошло 24 минуты




10:11:07




#ping 192.168.4.3


PING 192.168.4.3 (192.168.4.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.4.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.65 ms
--- 192.168.4.3 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.654/1.654/1.654/0.000 ms











10:11:08




#ping 192.168.4.4


PING 192.168.4.4 (192.168.4.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.4.4: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.451 ms
--- 192.168.4.4 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.451/0.451/0.451/0.000 ms











10:11:09




#ping 192.168.4.254


PING 192.168.4.254 (192.168.4.254) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.4.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.613 ms
--- 192.168.4.254 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.613/0.613/0.613/0.000 ms











10:11:10




#ip link show


1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff











10:13:02




#ip link set peth0 promisc on












10:13:20




#xm help --long


Usage: xm <subcommand> [args]
Control, list, and manipulate Xen guest instances.
xm full list of subcommands:
 console              Attach to <Domain>'s console.
 create               Create a domain based on <ConfigFile>.
 destroy              Terminate a domain immediately.
 domid                Convert a domain name to domain id.
 domname              Convert a domain id to domain name.
 dump-core            Dump core for a specific domain.
 list                 List information about all/some domains.
...
 getlabel             Show security label for domain or resource.
 dry-run              Test if a domain can access its resources.
 resources            Show info for each labeled resource.
 makepolicy           Build policy and create .bin/.map files.
 loadpolicy           Load binary policy into hypervisor.
 cfgbootpolicy        Add policy to boot configuration.
 dumppolicy           Print hypervisor ACM state information.
<Domain> can either be the Domain Name or Id.
For more help on 'xm' see the xm(1) man page.
For more help on 'xm create' see the xmdomain.cfg(5)  man page.











10:14:37




#xm network-list





No domain parameter given
Usage: xm network-list <Domain> [--long]
List virtual network interfaces for a domain.
  -l, --long                     List resources as SXP











10:14:50




#xm network-list xenomips0


Idx BE     MAC Addr.     handle state evt-ch tx-/rx-ring-ref BE-path
0   0  00:16:3e:01:0:c1     0     4      9     1547 /1548    /local/domain/0/backend/vif/4/0
1   0  00:16:3e:01:0:c2     1     4      10    1549 /1550    /local/domain/0/backend/vif/4/1
2   0  00:16:3e:01:0:c3     2     4      11    1551 /1552    /local/domain/0/backend/vif/4/2











10:14:58




#ip link show


1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,PROMISC,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff











10:15:56




#man tcpdump








прошло 36 минут




10:52:40




#brctl show


bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
service0                8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.0
                                                        vif5.0
xenbr0          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif0.1
                                                        peth1
                                                        vif1.0
xenbr1          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.1
xenbr2          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.2
                                                        vif5.1
                                                        vif0.2
                                                        peth0
xenbr3          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif5.2
xenbr4          8000.000000000000       no











10:52:56




#tcpdump -n -i xenbr2 arp and vlan 4





tcpdump: WARNING: xenbr2: no IPv4 address assigned
tcpdump: expression rejects all packets











10:53:10




#tcpdump -n -i xenbr2


tcpdump: WARNING: xenbr2: no IPv4 address assigned
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on xenbr2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes
10:53:25.733786 arp who-has 10.0.1.21 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 10.0.1.21
10:53:25.966743 IP 10.0.16.3.137 > 10.255.255.255.137: NBT UDP PACKET(137): REGISTRATION; REQUEST; BROADCAST
10:53:26.348896 arp who-has 10.0.1.9 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 10.0.1.9
10:53:26.606425 arp who-has 10.0.13.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 10.0.13.1
10:53:26.717869 IP 10.0.16.3.137 > 10.255.255.255.137: NBT UDP PACKET(137): REGISTRATION; REQUEST; BROADCAST
10:53:26.809148 arp who-has 10.0.13.2 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 10.0.13.2
10:53:27.384963 arp who-has 10.0.1.5 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 10.0.1.5
...
10:53:29.891546 IP 10.0.64.254.138 > 10.255.255.255.138: NBT UDP PACKET(138)
10:53:29.992796 IP 10.0.16.3.137 > 10.255.255.255.137: NBT UDP PACKET(137): REGISTRATION; REQUEST; BROADCAST
10:53:30.344347 arp who-has 10.0.1.9 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 10.0.1.9
10:53:30.611912 arp who-has 10.0.13.1 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 10.0.13.1
10:53:30.743934 IP 10.0.16.3.137 > 10.255.255.255.137: NBT UDP PACKET(137): REGISTRATION; REQUEST; BROADCAST
10:53:30.808649 arp who-has 10.0.13.2 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 10.0.13.2
10:53:31.379469 arp who-has 10.0.1.5 (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) tell 10.0.1.5
24 packets captured
24 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel











10:53:31




#tcpdump -n -i xenbr2 vlan 4


tcpdump: WARNING: xenbr2: no IPv4 address assigned
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on xenbr2, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes
10:53:36.589978 vlan 4, p 0, 00:0a:01:d4:d1:39 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype 802.1Q (0x8100), length 64:
        0x0000:  0004 88a2 1000 ffff ff01 0000 0000 0000  ................
        0x0010:  0000 0000 0000 0e0e 0e0e 0e0e 0e0e 0e0e  ................
        0x0020:  0e0e 0e0e 0e0e 0e0e 0e0e 0e0e 0e0e 0e0e  ................
        0x0030:  0e0e                                     ..
10:53:37.169001 vlan 4, p 0, IP 192.168.4.254 > 192.168.4.3: ICMP echo request, id 43897, seq 1, length 64
10:53:37.169574 vlan 4, p 0, IP 192.168.4.3 > 192.168.4.254: ICMP echo reply, id 43897, seq 1, length 64
10:53:38.170228 vlan 4, p 0, IP 192.168.4.254 > 192.168.4.3: ICMP echo request, id 43897, seq 2, length 64
10:53:38.170763 vlan 4, p 0, IP 192.168.4.3 > 192.168.4.254: ICMP echo reply, id 43897, seq 2, length 64
10:53:39.221633 vlan 4, p 0, IP 192.168.4.254 > 192.168.4.3: ICMP echo request, id 43897, seq 3, length 64
10:53:39.222146 vlan 4, p 0, IP 192.168.4.3 > 192.168.4.254: ICMP echo reply, id 43897, seq 3, length 64
10:53:40.224938 vlan 4, p 0, IP 192.168.4.254 > 192.168.4.3: ICMP echo request, id 43897, seq 4, length 64
10:53:40.225483 vlan 4, p 0, IP 192.168.4.3 > 192.168.4.254: ICMP echo reply, id 43897, seq 4, length 64
9 packets captured
9 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel









прошло >2 часов




13:04:06




#lspci


00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory Controller Hub (rev 02)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
00:02.1 Display controller: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) High Definition Audio Controller (rev 01)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 1 (rev 01)
00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 2 (rev 01)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 3 (rev 01)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) PCI Express Port 4 (rev 01)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) IDE Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) Serial ATA Storage Controller IDE (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 01)
01:04.0 Mass storage controller: Integrated Technology Express, Inc. ITE 8211F Single Channel UDMA 133 (ASUS 8211 (ITE IT8212 ATA RAID Controller)) (rev 11)
01:09.0 Ethernet controller: 3Com Corporation 3c905C-TX/TX-M [Tornado] (rev 74)
04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82573V Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper) (rev 03)









прошло >6 часов




19:17:37




#ifconfig


eth0.4    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:13:D4:B2:4F:EC
          inet addr:192.168.4.1  Bcast:192.168.4.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::213:d4ff:feb2:4fec/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:1439 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1432 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:72302 (70.6 KiB)  TX bytes:52952 (51.7 KiB)
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
...
          TX packets:3269 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:768 (768.0 b)  TX bytes:104884 (102.4 KiB)
xenbr4    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00
          inet6 addr: fe80::200:ff:fe00:0/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:3269 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:104884 (102.4 KiB)









прошло 14 минут




19:32:34




#ifconfig eth1


eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:04:76:A1:F0:5D
          inet addr:192.168.15.251  Bcast:192.168.15.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea1:f05d/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:849889 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:16397 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:221359792 (211.1 MiB)  TX bytes:3637875 (3.4 MiB)











19:32:57




#ifconfig eth1


eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:04:76:A1:F0:5D
          inet addr:192.168.15.251  Bcast:192.168.15.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea1:f05d/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:849925 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:16415 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:221362404 (211.1 MiB)  TX bytes:3641829 (3.4 MiB)











19:33:00




#ifconfig eth0


eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:13:D4:B2:4F:EC
          inet addr:192.168.16.1  Bcast:192.168.16.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::213:d4ff:feb2:4fec/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:837050 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:4696 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:220230898 (210.0 MiB)  TX bytes:157680 (153.9 KiB)











19:33:01




#ifconfig eth1


eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:04:76:A1:F0:5D
          inet addr:192.168.15.251  Bcast:192.168.15.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::204:76ff:fea1:f05d/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:849980 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:16447 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:221366446 (211.1 MiB)  TX bytes:3648069 (3.4 MiB)











19:33:04




#tcpdump -n -i eth1


19:33:20.659838 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 39168:39344(176) ack 49 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893741 49345144>
19:33:20.660170 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 39344:39520(176) ack 49 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893741 49345144>
19:33:20.660504 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 39520:39696(176) ack 49 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893741 49345144>
19:33:20.660834 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 39696:39872(176) ack 49 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893741 49345144>
19:33:20.661170 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 39872:40048(176) ack 49 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893741 49345144>
19:33:20.661504 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 40048:40224(176) ack 49 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893741 49345144>
19:33:20.682939 IP 192.168.15.254.38096 > 192.168.15.251.22: . ack 40224 win 1002 <nop,nop,timestamp 49345151 48893740>
19:33:20.682970 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 40224:40400(176) ack 49 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893747 49345151>
19:33:20.683331 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 40400:40688(288) ack 49 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893747 49345151>
19:33:20.683414 IP 192.168.15.254.38096 > 192.168.15.251.22: . ack 40400 win 1002 <nop,nop,timestamp 49345151 48893747>
...
19:33:20.772208 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 62448:62624(176) ack 97 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893767 49345172>
19:33:20.772517 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 62624:62800(176) ack 97 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893767 49345172>
19:33:20.797321 IP 192.168.15.254.38096 > 192.168.15.251.22: . ack 62800 win 1002 <nop,nop,timestamp 49345180 48893767>
19:33:20.797356 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 62800:63328(528) ack 97 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893776 49345180>
19:33:20.797720 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 63328:63616(288) ack 97 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893776 49345180>
19:33:20.797899 IP 192.168.15.254.38096 > 192.168.15.251.22: . ack 63328 win 1002 <nop,nop,timestamp 49345180 48893776>
19:33:20.797983 IP 192.168.15.254.38096 > 192.168.15.251.22: . ack 63616 win 1002 <nop,nop,timestamp 49345180 48893776>
19:33:20.798322 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 63616:63792(176) ack 97 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893776 49345180>
19:33:20.798544 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 63792:64080(288) ack 97 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893776 49345180>
19:33:20.798962 IP 192.168.15.251.22 > 192.168.15.254.38096: P 64080:64256(176) ack 97 win 93 <nop,nop,timestamp 48893776 49345180>











19:33:21




#tcpdump -n -i eth1 cdp





tcpdump: syntax error











19:33:23




#grep cdp /etc/protocols















19:33:41




#tcpdump -n -i eth1 host 192.168.200.1


tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes
0 packets captured
0 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel











19:34:01




#tcpdump -n -i eth1 host 192.168.200.2


tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes
19:34:16.941711 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.17
19:34:45.131535 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.25
19:34:54.111330 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.19
19:35:19.387645 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.26
19:35:22.315081 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.13
19:36:11.448939 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.23
19:37:13.580615 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.16
19:37:33.181225 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.21
...
19:41:37.538295 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.19
19:42:00.108450 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.26
19:42:06.680476 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.13
19:42:47.606965 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.118
19:42:56.915615 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.23
19:43:56.899540 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.16
19:44:14.279657 arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.21
21 packets captured
21 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel









прошло 11 минут




19:45:12




#tcpdump -n -i eth1 -e host 192.168.200.2


tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes
19:46:00.480216 00:19:56:fd:71:26 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.11
19:46:49.322576 00:19:aa:10:6a:82 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.18
19:47:04.785893 00:19:aa:10:6b:78 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.15
19:47:07.737848 00:1a:2f:83:3e:b7 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.20
19:47:58.173120 00:19:aa:10:6a:e9 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.17
19:48:11.815655 00:15:62:92:e2:8a > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.25
19:48:20.875643 00:19:aa:10:6a:2d > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.19
19:48:30.295822 00:17:5a:75:69:c4 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.12
...
19:53:57.221250 00:19:aa:10:6b:78 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.15
19:54:44.481151 00:19:aa:10:6a:e9 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.17
19:54:55.440918 00:15:62:92:e2:8a > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.25
19:55:16.221775 00:19:aa:10:6a:2d > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.19
19:55:28.863251 00:14:6a:ff:49:4f > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.26
19:55:35.304746 00:19:56:fd:75:0a > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.13
19:56:28.530250 00:19:56:fd:74:89 > ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff, ethertype ARP (0x0806), length 60: arp who-has 192.168.200.2 tell 192.168.200.23
24 packets captured
24 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel









прошло 11 минут




19:56:59




#tcpdump -n -i eth1 mac 00:18:ba:c8:08:40





tcpdump: syntax error











19:57:38




#man tcpdump










19:57:58




#tcpdump -n -i eth1 ethernet





tcpdump: syntax error











19:58:05




#tcpdump -n -i eth1 ethernet src 00:18:ba:c8:08:40





tcpdump: syntax error











19:58:12




#tcpdump -n -i eth1 ether src 00:18:ba:c8:08:40


tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 96 bytes
20:05:52.733558 arp who-has 10.0.1.0 tell 10.0.3.4
20:06:01.726013 arp who-has 10.0.1.0 tell 10.0.3.4
20:22:16.833462 arp who-has 10.0.1.0 tell 10.0.3.4
20:22:19.836639 arp who-has 10.0.1.0 tell 10.0.3.4
20:22:25.844781 arp who-has 10.0.1.0 tell 10.0.3.4
^X
5 packets captured
5 packets received by filter
0 packets dropped by kernel









прошло 27 минут




20:26:02




#apt-cache seach cisco





E: Invalid operation seach











20:30:59




#apt-cache search cisco


cdpr - Cisco Discovery Protocol Reporter
filtergen - packet filter generator for various firewall systems
flowscan - flow-based IP traffic analysis and visualization tool
fwlogwatch - Firewall log analyzer
hlfl - translator for firewalling rules
ipcalc - parameter calculator for IPv4 addresses
ipcheck - Dyndns.org client to register your dynamic IP address
jffnms - web-based Network Management System (NMS) for IP networks
kvpnc - vpn clients frontend for KDE
libcflow-perl - perl module for analyzing raw IP flow files written by cflowd
...
sing - A fully programmable ping replacement
sipcalc - Advanced console-based ip subnet calculator
ulog-acctd - Accounting daemon for Linux 2.4+ netfilter
vpnc - Cisco-compatible VPN client
wflogs - The modular firewall log analyzer of the WallFire project
yardradius - YARD Radius Auth/Acct Server
irpas - Internetwork Routing Protocol Attack Suite
rancid-cgi - CGI for rancid
rancid-core - rancid -- Really Awesome New Cisco confIg Differ
rancid-util - Utilities for rancid











20:31:04




#apt-get install cdpr


Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  cdpr
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 145 not upgraded.
Need to get 15.2kB of archives.
After unpacking 73.7kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://192.168.15.251 testing/main cdpr 2.2.1-1 [15.2kB]
Fetched 15.2kB in 3s (4534B/s)
Selecting previously deselected package cdpr.
(Reading database ... 32971 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking cdpr (from .../archives/cdpr_2.2.1-1_i386.deb) ...
Setting up cdpr (2.2.1-1) ...











20:31:31




#cdpr





cdpr - Cisco Discovery Protocol Reporter
Version 2.2.1
Copyright (c) 2002-2006 - MonkeyMental.com
1. peth0 (No description available)
2. vif0.1 (No description available)
3. vif0.2 (No description available)
4. eth0 (No description available)
5. xenbr0 (No description available)
6. eth0.4 (No description available)
7. peth1 (No description available)
...
17. vif5.0 (No description available)
18. vif5.1 (No description available)
19. vif5.2 (No description available)
20. any (Pseudo-device that captures on all interfaces)
21. lo (No description available)
Enter the interface number (1-21):8
Using Device: eth1
Waiting for CDP advertisement:
(default config is to transmit CDP packets every 60 seconds)
Aborting due to timeout









прошло 38 минут




21:09:32




#man cdpr










21:10:49




#cdpr -d eth1





cdpr - Cisco Discovery Protocol Reporter
Version 2.2.1
Copyright (c) 2002-2006 - MonkeyMental.com
Using Device: eth1
Waiting for CDP advertisement:
(default config is to transmit CDP packets every 60 seconds)
Aborting due to timeout











21:15:53




#cdpr -d eth0





cdpr - Cisco Discovery Protocol Reporter
Version 2.2.1
Copyright (c) 2002-2006 - MonkeyMental.com
Using Device: eth0
Waiting for CDP advertisement:
(default config is to transmit CDP packets every 60 seconds)











21:20:03




#apt-cache search wireshark


ethereal - dummy upgrade package for ethereal -> wireshark
ethereal-common - dummy upgrade package for ethereal -> wireshark
ethereal-dev - dummy upgrade package for ethereal -> wireshark
tethereal - dummy upgrade package for ethereal -> wireshark
tshark - network traffic analyzer (console)
wireshark - network traffic analyzer
wireshark-common - network traffic analyser (common files)
wireshark-dev - network traffic analyser (development tools)











21:20:09




#apt-get install tshark





Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  libadns1 wireshark-common
Recommended packages:
  libadns1-bin
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libadns1 tshark wireshark-common
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 145 not upgraded.
Need to get 7658kB of archives.
After unpacking 31.6MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]?
Get:1 http://192.168.15.251 testing/main libadns1 1.4-0.1 [56.7kB]
Err http://192.168.15.251 testing/main wireshark-common 0.99.4-4
  404 file not found on backend
Err http://192.168.15.251 testing/main tshark 0.99.4-4
  404 file not found on backend
Fetched 56.7kB in 0s (91.1kB/s)
Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.251:9999/debian/pool/main/w/wireshark/wireshark-common_0.99.4-4_i386.deb  404 file not found on backend
Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.251:9999/debian/pool/main/w/wireshark/tshark_0.99.4-4_i386.deb  404 file not found on backend
E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?











21:20:16




#apt-get updat





E: Invalid operation updat











21:20:20




#apt-get update





Get:1 http://192.168.15.251 testing Release.gpg [189B]
Get:2 http://192.168.15.251 testing Release [68.5kB]
Get:3 http://192.168.15.251 testing/main Packages/DiffIndex [509B]
Get:4 http://192.168.15.251 testing/contrib Packages/DiffIndex [367B]
Get:5 http://192.168.15.251 testing/non-free Packages/DiffIndex [229B]
Get:6 http://192.168.15.251 testing/main Packages [4469kB]
Get:7 http://192.168.15.251 testing/main Packages [4469kB]
Get:8 http://192.168.15.251 testing/contrib Packages [63.2kB]
Get:9 http://192.168.15.251 testing/contrib Packages [63.2kB]
Get:10 http://192.168.15.251 testing/non-free Packages [85.7kB]
Get:11 http://192.168.15.251 testing/non-free Packages [85.7kB]
99% [7 Packages bzip2 0]                                                                                                         48.8kB/s 0s











21:23:08




#apt-get update





Get:1 http://192.168.15.251 testing Release.gpg [189B]
Hit http://192.168.15.251 testing Release
Hit http://192.168.15.251 testing/main Packages/DiffIndex
Hit http://192.168.15.251 testing/contrib Packages/DiffIndex
Hit http://192.168.15.251 testing/non-free Packages/DiffIndex
Get:2 http://192.168.15.251 testing/contrib Packages [63.2kB]
Get:3 http://192.168.15.251 testing/contrib Packages [63.2kB]
Ign http://192.168.15.251 testing/non-free Packages
Ign http://192.168.15.251 testing/non-free Packages
Err http://192.168.15.251 testing/non-free Packages
  Bad header line
Err http://192.168.15.251 testing/non-free Packages
  Bad header line
99% [3 Packages bzip2 0]
99% [3 Packages bzip2 0]
99% [3 Packages bzip2 0]
99% [3 Packages bzip2 0]











21:23:27




#/etc/init.d/apt-proxy restart


Stopping apt-proxy.
Starting apt-proxy.











21:23:36




#apt-get update





Get:1 http://192.168.15.251 testing Release.gpg [189B]
Hit http://192.168.15.251 testing Release
Hit http://192.168.15.251 testing/main Packages/DiffIndex
Hit http://192.168.15.251 testing/contrib Packages/DiffIndex
Hit http://192.168.15.251 testing/non-free Packages/DiffIndex
Get:2 http://192.168.15.251 testing/non-free Packages [85.7kB]
Get:3 http://192.168.15.251 testing/non-free Packages [85.7kB]
99% [3 Packages bzip2 0]











21:25:43




#tail /var/log/apt-proxy.log


2007/04/09 21:23 EEST [FetcherHttpClient,client] [CacheEntry] transfer_file:/var/cache/apt-proxy/debian/dists/testing/non-free/binary-i386/Packages.bz2
2007/04/09 21:23 EEST [FetcherHttpClient,client] Stopping factory <apt_proxy.fetchers.HttpFetcher instance at 0xb7799ecc>
2007/04/09 21:23 EEST [Channel,0,192.168.15.251] [CacheEntry] file_sent:/var/cache/apt-proxy/debian/dists/testing/non-free/binary-i386/Packages.bz2
2007/04/09 21:23 EEST [-] [verify] cache file verification FAILED for /var/cache/apt-proxy/debian/dists/testing/non-free/binary-i386/Packages.bz2: bunzip2 failed
2007/04/09 21:23 EEST [-] [CacheEntry] start download:dists/testing/non-free/binary-i386/Packages.bz2
2007/04/09 21:23 EEST [-] Starting factory <apt_proxy.fetchers.HttpFetcher instance at 0xb7799fac>
2007/04/09 21:23 EEST [FetcherHttpClient,client] [CacheEntry] download started:/var/cache/apt-proxy/debian/dists/testing/non-free/binary-i386/Packages.bz2
2007/04/09 21:23 EEST [FetcherHttpClient,client] [CacheEntry] download_data_end:/var/cache/apt-proxy/debian/dists/testing/non-free/binary-i386/Packages.bz2
2007/04/09 21:23 EEST [FetcherHttpClient,client] [CacheEntry] file_sent:/var/cache/apt-proxy/debian/dists/testing/non-free/binary-i386/Packages.bz2
2007/04/09 21:23 EEST [FetcherHttpClient,client] Stopping factory <apt_proxy.fetchers.HttpFetcher instance at 0xb7799fac>











21:25:50




#vi /etc/apt/sources.list


3,4c3,4
< #deb http://debian.org.ua/debian unstable main contrib non-free
< deb http://192.168.15.251:9999/debian testing main contrib non-free
---
> deb http://debian.org.ua/debian unstable main contrib non-free
> #deb http://192.168.15.251:9999/debian testing main contrib non-free









21:26:08




#apt-get update


Get:1 http://debian.org.ua unstable Release.gpg [189B]
Get:2 http://debian.org.ua unstable Release [79.6kB]
Get:3 http://debian.org.ua unstable/main Packages [4647kB]
Get:4 http://debian.org.ua unstable/contrib Packages [68.9kB]
Get:5 http://debian.org.ua unstable/non-free Packages [93.0kB]
Fetched 4889kB in 50s (97.6kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done











21:27:02




#apt-get install tshark


Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  libadns1 wireshark-common
Recommended packages:
  libadns1-bin
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libadns1 tshark wireshark-common
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 220 not upgraded.
Need to get 7942kB/7999kB of archives.
...
Selecting previously deselected package libadns1.
(Reading database ... 32978 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking libadns1 (from .../libadns1_1.4-0.1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package wireshark-common.
Unpacking wireshark-common (from .../wireshark-common_0.99.5-1_i386.deb) ...
Selecting previously deselected package tshark.
Unpacking tshark (from .../tshark_0.99.5-1_i386.deb) ...
Setting up libadns1 (1.4-0.1) ...
Setting up wireshark-common (0.99.5-1) ...
Setting up tshark (0.99.5-1) ...











21:28:57




#tshark -i eth0 -V -f "ether host 01000ccccccc" -c 2


Capturing on eth0
Frame 1 (60 bytes on wire, 60 bytes captured)
    Arrival Time: Apr  9, 2007 21:34:31.722513000
    [Time delta from previous packet: 0.000000000 seconds]
    [Time since reference or first frame: 0.000000000 seconds]
    Frame Number: 1
    Packet Length: 60 bytes
    Capture Length: 60 bytes
    [Frame is marked: False]
    [Protocols in frame: eth:llc:dtp]
...
        Status: 0x04
    Dtptype: 0x40
        Type: Type (0x0003)
        Length: 5
        Dtptype: 0x40
    Neighbor: 00:18:ba:c8:08:18
        Type: Neighbor (0x0004)
        Length: 10
        Neighbor: Cisco_c8:08:18 (00:18:ba:c8:08:18)
2 packets captured









Статистика
Время первой команды журнала10:02:52 2007- 4- 8
Время последней команды журнала21:28:57 2007- 4- 9
Количество командных строк в журнале101
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, %20.79
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % 0.00
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час 2.61
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин 0.65
Частота использования команд
ip17|===============| 15.89%
tcpdump12|===========| 11.21%
brctl11|==========| 10.28%
ping9|========|  8.41%
less9|========|  8.41%
ifconfig8|=======|  7.48%
apt-get8|=======|  7.48%
sort5|====|  4.67%
vconfig5|====|  4.67%
man3|==|  2.80%
cdpr3|==|  2.80%
xm3|==|  2.80%
apt-cache3|==|  2.80%
dpkg2|=|  1.87%
grep2|=|  1.87%
/etc/init.d/apt-proxy1||  0.93%
lspci1||  0.93%
link1||  0.93%
tshark1||  0.93%
tail1||  0.93%
vi1||  0.93%
modprobe1||  0.93%
____
*) Интервалы неактивности длительностью 30 минут и более не учитываются
Справка
    Для того чтобы использовать LiLaLo, не нужно знать ничего особенного:
    всё происходит само собой.
    Однако, чтобы ведение и последующее использование журналов
    было как можно более эффективным, желательно иметь в виду следующее:
    
    
    
  1.  
    В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
    
    2. 
    
  2. 
    Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, 
    и команды записываются, дайте команду w.
    В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, 
    должна быть указана программа script.
    
    3. 
    
  3. 
    Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, 
    выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:

    

    


    $ l s-l
    

    bash: l: command not found

    
    		

    

    

    
    
    4. 
    
  4. 
    Если код завершения команды равен нулю, 
    команда была выполнена без ошибок.
    Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.

    

    


    $ test 5 -lt 4
    

    		

    

    
    Обратите внимание на то, что код завершения команды может быть отличен от нуля
    не только в тех случаях, когда команда была выполнена с ошибкой.
    Многие команды используют код завершения, например, для того чтобы показать результаты проверки

    
    
    5. 
    
  5. 
    Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.

    

    


    $ find / -name abc
    

    find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung
find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung
find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung
find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung
find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung
^C

    
    		

    

    

    
    
    6. 
    
  6. 
    Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя,
    выделяются слева красной чертой.

    

    


    # id
    

    uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root)

    
    		

    

    
    
    
    
    7. 
    
  7. 
    Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, 
    запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed.
    Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки,
    начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.

    

    


    $ vi ~/.bashrc
    

    2a3,5
>    if [ -f /usr/local/etc/bash_completion ]; then
>         . /usr/local/etc/bash_completion
>        fi

    		

    

    
    
    
    
    8. 
    
  8. 
    Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте
    изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch.
    Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в
    качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения,
    и всавить скопированный текст:

    

    


    $ patch ~/.bashrc
    
    		

    

    
    В данном случае изменения применяются к файлу ~/.bashrc
    
    9. 
    
  9. 
    Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, 
    нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое
    описание команды.
    
    
    
    
    Если справочная информация о команде есть, 
    команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi.
    Если справочная информация отсутствует,
    команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe.
    Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, 
    если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно;
    (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo.
    Последнее возможно для редких команд.
    
    10. 
    
  10. 
    Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше 
    всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer.
    В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, 
    а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
    
    11. 
    
  11. 
    Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени 
    начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, 
    когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
    
    12. 
    
  12. 
    Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке.
    Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал
    текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
    
    13. 
    
  13. 
    Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала,
    таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить.
    Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом
    вверху страницы.
    
    14. 
    
  14. 
    Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки.
    Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v.
    Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий:
    ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей.
    Например, если в командной строке было введено:

    $ whoami

    

    user

    

    $ #^ Интересно, кто я?

    
    в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
    

    $ whoami

    

    user

    

    

      Интересно, кто я?
     
     
    
    15. 
    
  15. 
    Если комментарий содержит несколько строк,
    его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:

    $ whoami

    

    user

    

    $ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?

    

    Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым 
мы зарегистрировались в системе.
-
Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении 
в этом мире.

    
    В журнале это будет выглядеть так:

    

    


    $ whoami
    

    user

    

    Интересно, кто я?
    
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым
    
мы зарегистрировались в системе.
    

    
Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении
    
в этом мире.
    

    
    		

    

    
    Для разделения нескольких абзацев между собой
    используйте символ "-", один в строке.
    
    

    16. 
    
  16. 
    Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, 
    добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v 
    нужно использовать символы #=
    
    17. 

    
  17. 
    Содержимое файла может быть показано в журнале.
    Для этого его нужно вывести с помощью программы cat.
    Если вывод команды отметить симоволами #!, 
    содержимое файла будет показано в журнале
    в специально отведённой для этого секции.
    
    18. 

    
    
    
  18. 
    Для того чтобы вставить скриншот интересующего вас окна в журнал,
    нужно воспользоваться командой l3shot.
    После того как команда вызвана, нужно с помощью мыши выбрать окно, которое
    должно быть в журнале.
    
    19. 
    
    

    
    
    
  19. 
    Команды в журнале расположены в хронологическом порядке.
    Если две команды давались одна за другой, но на разных терминалах,
    в журнале они будут рядом, даже если они не имеют друг к другу никакого отношения.

    1
    2
3   
    4

    
    Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией.
    Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды.
    Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, 
    нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
    
    20. 
    
    



О программе
    

    LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.

    Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.

    (c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008

    

$Id$