Журнал лабораторных работ

Содержание

Журнал

Воскресенье (04/08/07)

/dev/pts/10
10:02:52
#brctl showmacs xenbr2 | sort -n
port no mac addr                is local?       ageing timer
  1     00:16:3e:01:00:c3       no               292.08
  2     00:16:3e:01:01:c2       no               292.08
  3     00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec       no                 2.72
  4     00:02:44:22:a5:b4       no                96.15
  4     00:02:44:24:c6:2a       no                69.70
  4     00:02:44:4c:34:14       no                26.80
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:12       no                 0.30
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:5a       no                 1.43
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:66       no                 1.10
...
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:82       no               146.39
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:e9       no               217.44
  4     00:19:aa:10:6b:78       no               219.64
  4     00:1a:2f:26:57:8d       no               145.61
  4     00:1a:2f:83:3e:b7       no                26.94
  4     00:20:af:be:10:e4       no                44.33
  4     00:30:48:51:5b:5e       no               273.91
  4     00:50:04:af:07:3d       no               239.72
  4     00:60:b0:57:8d:50       no                 5.06
  4     fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff       yes                0.00
10:02:53
#brctl showmacs xenbr2 | sort -n
port no mac addr                is local?       ageing timer
  1     00:16:3e:01:00:c3       no               292.91
  2     00:16:3e:01:01:c2       no               292.91
  3     00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec       no                 3.56
  4     00:02:44:22:a5:b4       no                96.98
  4     00:02:44:24:c6:2a       no                70.53
  4     00:02:44:4c:34:14       no                27.63
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:12       no                 1.14
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:5a       no                 0.26
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:66       no                 0.34
...
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:82       no               147.22
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:e9       no               218.27
  4     00:19:aa:10:6b:78       no               220.47
  4     00:1a:2f:26:57:8d       no               146.44
  4     00:1a:2f:83:3e:b7       no                27.78
  4     00:20:af:be:10:e4       no                45.17
  4     00:30:48:51:5b:5e       no               274.74
  4     00:50:04:af:07:3d       no               240.55
  4     00:60:b0:57:8d:50       no                 5.89
  4     fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff       yes                0.00
10:02:54
#brctl showmacs xenbr2 | sort -n
port no mac addr                is local?       ageing timer
  1     00:16:3e:01:00:c3       no               294.42
  2     00:16:3e:01:01:c2       no               294.42
  3     00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec       no                 5.06
  4     00:02:44:22:a5:b4       no                98.49
  4     00:02:44:24:c6:2a       no                72.04
  4     00:02:44:4c:34:14       no                29.14
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:12       no                 2.64
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:5a       no                 1.77
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:66       no                 1.84
...
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:82       no               148.73
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:e9       no               219.78
  4     00:19:aa:10:6b:78       no               221.98
  4     00:1a:2f:26:57:8d       no               147.95
  4     00:1a:2f:83:3e:b7       no                29.28
  4     00:20:af:be:10:e4       no                46.67
  4     00:30:48:51:5b:5e       no               276.25
  4     00:50:04:af:07:3d       no               242.06
  4     00:60:b0:57:8d:50       no                 7.40
  4     fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff       yes                0.00
10:02:55
#brctl showmacs xenbr2 | sort -n
port no mac addr                is local?       ageing timer
  3     00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec       no                19.08
  4     00:02:44:22:a5:b4       no                36.23
  4     00:02:44:24:c6:2a       no                37.53
  4     00:02:44:4c:34:14       no               114.49
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:12       no                 4.66
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:5a       no                 1.80
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:66       no                 1.87
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:fe       no                 1.23
  4     00:03:47:f1:49:58       no                 1.65
...
  4     00:18:ba:c8:08:18       no                 1.16
  4     00:19:56:fd:74:89       no               174.76
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:2d       no               117.83
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:82       no               282.75
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:c0       no               105.59
  4     00:1a:2f:26:57:8d       no               281.97
  4     00:1a:2f:83:3e:b7       no               163.31
  4     00:20:af:be:10:e4       no               180.69
  4     00:60:b0:57:8d:50       no                21.37
  4     fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff       yes                0.00
10:05:09
#brctl showmacs xenbr2 | sort -n
port no mac addr                is local?       ageing timer
  3     00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec       no                29.51
  4     00:02:44:22:a5:b4       no                46.66
  4     00:02:44:24:c6:2a       no                47.96
  4     00:02:44:4c:34:14       no               124.92
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:12       no                 4.10
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:5a       no                 0.23
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:66       no                 0.30
  4     00:03:47:32:f9:fe       no                 1.66
  4     00:03:47:f1:49:58       no                 0.08
...
  4     00:18:ba:c8:08:18       no                 1.57
  4     00:19:56:fd:74:89       no               185.19
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:2d       no               128.27
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:82       no               293.18
  4     00:19:aa:10:6a:c0       no               116.03
  4     00:1a:2f:26:57:8d       no               292.41
  4     00:1a:2f:83:3e:b7       no               173.74
  4     00:20:af:be:10:e4       no               191.13
  4     00:60:b0:57:8d:50       no                31.80
  4     fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff       yes                0.00
10:05:20
#dpkg -S brctl
bridge-utils: /usr/sbin/brctl
zsh: /usr/share/zsh/4.3.2/functions/Completion/Linux/_brctl
bridge-utils: /usr/share/man/man8/brctl.8.gz
10:05:41
#dpkg -L bridge-utils
/.
/etc
/etc/network
/etc/network/if-pre-up.d
/etc/network/if-pre-up.d/bridge
/etc/network/if-post-down.d
/etc/network/if-post-down.d/bridge
/usr
/usr/sbin
/usr/sbin/brctl
...
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/PROJECTS
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/SMPNOTES
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/WISHLIST
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/changelog.gz
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/copyright
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/README.Debian.gz
/usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/changelog.Debian.gz
/usr/share/man
/usr/share/man/man8
/usr/share/man/man8/brctl.8.gz
10:05:55
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/README
10:06:52
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/
10:06:52
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/HOWTO
10:08:39
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/
10:08:39
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/TODO
10:09:15
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/
10:09:15
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/WISHLIST
10:09:39
#less /usr/share/doc/bridge-utils/PROJECTS
прошло 15 минут
10:24:59
#ping 192.168.4.4
PING 192.168.4.4 (192.168.4.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
--- 192.168.4.4 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 4009ms
прошло >9 часов
20:18:12
#ping 192.168.4.4
PING 192.168.4.4 (192.168.4.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
--- 192.168.4.4 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3005ms
20:18:23
#brctl show
bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
service0                8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.0
                                                        vif5.0
xenbr0          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif0.1
                                                        peth1
                                                        vif1.0
xenbr1          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.1
xenbr2          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.2
                                                        vif5.1
                                                        vif0.2
                                                        peth0
xenbr3          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif5.2
xenbr4          8000.000000000000       no
20:19:12
#ifconfig eth0
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:13:D4:B2:4F:EC
          inet addr:192.168.16.1  Bcast:192.168.16.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::213:d4ff:feb2:4fec/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:519852 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1869 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:197627982 (188.4 MiB)  TX bytes:60084 (58.6 KiB)
20:19:20
#vconfig add eth0 4
WARNING:  Could not open /proc/net/vlan/config.  Maybe you need to load the 8021q module, or maybe you are not using PROCFS??
Added VLAN with VID == 4 to IF -:eth0:-
20:19:29
#modprobe 8021q

20:19:41
#vconfig add eth0 4
ERROR: trying to add VLAN #4 to IF -:eth0:-  error: Invalid argument
20:19:42
#vconfig delete eth0 4
Unknown command -:delete:-
Usage: add             [interface-name] [vlan_id]
       rem             [vlan-name]
       set_flag        [interface-name] [flag-num]       [0 | 1]
       set_egress_map  [vlan-name]      [skb_priority]   [vlan_qos]
       set_ingress_map [vlan-name]      [skb_priority]   [vlan_qos]
       set_name_type   [name-type]
* The [interface-name] is the name of the ethernet card that hosts
  the VLAN you are talking about.
* The vlan_id is the identifier (0-4095) of the VLAN you are operating on.
...
              DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005), DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)
* bind-type:  PER_DEVICE  # Allows vlan 5 on eth0 and eth1 to be unique.
              PER_KERNEL  # Forces vlan 5 to be unique across all devices.
* FLAGS:  1 REORDER_HDR  When this is set, the VLAN device will move the
            ethernet header around to make it look exactly like a real
            ethernet device.  This may help programs such as DHCPd which
            read the raw ethernet packet and make assumptions about the
            location of bytes.  If you don't need it, don't turn it on, because
            there will be at least a small performance degradation.  Default
            is OFF.
20:19:52
#vconfig rem eth0.4
Removed VLAN -:eth0.4:-
20:20:14
#vconfig add eth0 4
Added VLAN with VID == 4 to IF -:eth0:-
20:20:18
#ifconfig eth0.4
eth0.4    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:13:D4:B2:4F:EC
          BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
20:20:22
#ifconfig eth0.4 192.168.4.1

прошло 39 минут
21:00:02
#ping 192.168.4.4
PING 192.168.4.4 (192.168.4.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.4.4: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.517 ms
--- 192.168.4.4 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.517/0.517/0.517/0.000 ms

Понедельник (04/09/07)

09:37:56
#ping 192.168.4.3
PING 192.168.4.3 (192.168.4.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.4.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.457 ms
--- 192.168.4.3 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.457/0.457/0.457/0.000 ms
09:37:57
#ping 192.168.4.254
PING 192.168.4.254 (192.168.4.254) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.4.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.26 ms
--- 192.168.4.254 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.269/1.269/1.269/0.000 ms
09:37:58
#ip link show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,PROMISC,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
09:38:04
#brctl show
bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
service0                8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.0
                                                        vif5.0
xenbr0          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif0.1
                                                        peth1
                                                        vif1.0
xenbr1          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.1
xenbr2          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.2
                                                        vif5.1
                                                        vif0.2
                                                        peth0
xenbr3          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif5.2
xenbr4          8000.000000000000       no
09:38:16
#brctl show xenbr2
bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
service0                8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.0
                                                        vif5.0
xenbr0          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif0.1
                                                        peth1
                                                        vif1.0
xenbr1          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.1
xenbr2          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.2
                                                        vif5.1
                                                        vif0.2
                                                        peth0
xenbr3          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif5.2
xenbr4          8000.000000000000       no
09:38:19
#brctl show
bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
service0                8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.0
                                                        vif5.0
xenbr0          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif0.1
                                                        peth1
                                                        vif1.0
xenbr1          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.1
xenbr2          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif4.2
                                                        vif5.1
                                                        vif0.2
                                                        peth0
xenbr3          8000.feffffffffff       no              vif5.2
xenbr4          8000.000000000000       no
09:38:32
#ip link show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,PROMISC,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
09:38:42
#ip link show
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,PROMISC,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
09:43:02
#ip
Usage: ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
       ip [ -force ] [-batch filename
where  OBJECT := { link | addr | route | rule | neigh | ntable | tunnel |
                   maddr | mroute | monitor | xfrm | moo }
       OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -r[esolve] |
                    -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx | dnet | link } |
                    -o[neline] | -t[imestamp] }
09:43:26
#less /etc/xen/scripts/network-bridge
09:43:45
#ip
Usage: ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }
       ip [ -force ] [-batch filename
where  OBJECT := { link | addr | route | rule | neigh | ntable | tunnel |
                   maddr | mroute | monitor | xfrm | moo }
       OPTIONS := { -V[ersion] | -s[tatistics] | -r[esolve] |
                    -f[amily] { inet | inet6 | ipx | dnet | link } |
                    -o[neline] | -t[imestamp] }
09:43:46
# link
link: missing operand
Try `link --help' for more information.
09:43:51
#ip
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,PROMISC,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
09:43:53
#ip link help
Usage: ip link set DEVICE { up | down |
                             arp { on | off } |
                             dynamic { on | off } |
                             multicast { on | off } |
                             allmulticast { on | off } |
                             promisc { on | off } |
                             trailers { on | off } |
                             txqueuelen PACKETS |
                             name NEWNAME |
                             address LLADDR | broadcast LLADDR |
                             mtu MTU }
       ip link show [ DEVICE ]
09:43:55
#ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,10000> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: peth0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,PROMISC,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: peth1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
    link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
5: vif0.0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
...
28: vif4.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
29: vif5.0: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
30: vif5.1: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
31: vif5.2: <BROADCAST,NOARP,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether fe:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
33: eth0.4@eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,10000> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
    link/ether 00:13:d4:b2:4f:ec brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
09:44:02
#ip link help
Usage: ip link set DEVICE { up | down |
                             arp { on | off } |
                             dynamic { on | off } |
                             multicast { on | off } |
                             allmulticast { on | off } |
                             promisc { on | off } |
                             trailers { on | off } |
                             txqueuelen PACKETS |
                             name NEWNAME |
                             address LLADDR | broadcast LLADDR |
                             mtu MTU }
       ip link show [ DEVICE ]
09:44:18