11:37:08
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#man sfdisk
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| /l3/users/eb/2009/linux13/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 :28 :29 :30 :31 :32 :33 :34 :35 :36 :37 :38 :39 :40 :41 :42 :43 :44 :45 :46 :47 :48 :49 :50 :51 :52 :53 :54 :55 :56 :57 :58 :59 :60 :61 :62 :63 :64 :65 :66 :67 :68 :69 :70 :71 :72 :73 :74 :75 :76 |
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#mount
tmpfs on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) procbususb on /proc/bus/usb type usbfs (rw) udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=620) rootfs on / type rootfs (rw) |
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#echo ';' | sfdisk /dev/sdb1
Checking that no-one is using this disk right now ... BLKRRPART: Invalid argument OK Warning: start=63 - this looks like a partition rather than the entire disk. Using fdisk on it is probably meaningless. [Use the --force option if you really want this] |
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#echo ';' | sfdisk /dev/sdb1
Checking that no-one is using this disk right now ... BLKRRPART: Invalid argument OK Warning: start=63 - this looks like a partition rather than the entire disk. Using fdisk on it is probably meaningless. [Use the --force option if you really want this] |
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#echo ';' | sfdisk /dev/sdb
Checking that no-one is using this disk right now ... OK Disk /dev/sdb: 9729 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track Old situation: Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 0+ 9728 9729- 78148161 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sdb2 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb3 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty ... /dev/sdb2 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb3 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty Warning: no primary partition is marked bootable (active) This does not matter for LILO, but the DOS MBR will not boot this disk. Successfully wrote the new partition table Re-reading the partition table ... If you created or changed a DOS partition, /dev/foo7, say, then use dd(1) to zero the first 512 bytes: dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/foo7 bs=512 count=1 (See fdisk(8).) |
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#echo ';' | sfdisk /dev/sdb
Checking that no-one is using this disk right now ... OK Disk /dev/sdb: 9729 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track Old situation: Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 0+ 9728 9729- 78148161 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sdb2 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb3 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty ... /dev/sdb2 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb3 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty Warning: no primary partition is marked bootable (active) This does not matter for LILO, but the DOS MBR will not boot this disk. Successfully wrote the new partition table Re-reading the partition table ... If you created or changed a DOS partition, /dev/foo7, say, then use dd(1) to zero the first 512 bytes: dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/foo7 bs=512 count=1 (See fdisk(8).) |
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#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 9729 78148192 83 Linux ^C q ^C ^C |
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#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 9729 78148192 83 Linux ^C q ^C ^C |
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#fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9729. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel ... w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 2 No free sectors available Command (m for help): ^C |
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#fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9729. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel ... w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 2 No free sectors available Command (m for help): ^C |
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#dmesg | tail
[ 8323.372127] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 0 [ 8323.372133] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 1 [ 8323.372137] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 2 [ 8323.372140] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 3 [ 8323.372143] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 4 [ 8323.372146] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 5 [ 8323.372149] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 6 [ 8323.372152] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 7 [ 8323.372157] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 8 [ 8323.372160] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 9 |
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#dmesg | tail
[ 8323.372127] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 0 [ 8323.372133] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 1 [ 8323.372137] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 2 [ 8323.372140] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 3 [ 8323.372143] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 4 [ 8323.372146] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 5 [ 8323.372149] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 6 [ 8323.372152] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 7 [ 8323.372157] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 8 [ 8323.372160] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 9 |
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#dmesg | tail
[ 8323.372127] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 0 [ 8323.372133] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 1 [ 8323.372137] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 2 [ 8323.372140] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 3 [ 8323.372143] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 4 [ 8323.372146] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 5 [ 8323.372149] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 6 [ 8323.372152] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 7 [ 8323.372157] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 8 [ 8323.372160] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 9 |
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#dmesg | tail
[ 8323.372127] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 0 [ 8323.372133] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 1 [ 8323.372137] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 2 [ 8323.372140] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 3 [ 8323.372143] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 4 [ 8323.372146] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 5 [ 8323.372149] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 6 [ 8323.372152] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 7 [ 8323.372157] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 8 [ 8323.372160] Buffer I/O error on device etherd/e1.1, logical block 9 |
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#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 9729 78148192 83 Linux |
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#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 9729 78148192 83 Linux |
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#echo ';' | sfdisk /dev/sdb
Checking that no-one is using this disk right now ... OK Disk /dev/sdb: 9729 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track Old situation: Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 0+ 9728 9729- 78148192 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb3 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty ... /dev/sdb2 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb3 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty Warning: no primary partition is marked bootable (active) This does not matter for LILO, but the DOS MBR will not boot this disk. Successfully wrote the new partition table Re-reading the partition table ... If you created or changed a DOS partition, /dev/foo7, say, then use dd(1) to zero the first 512 bytes: dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/foo7 bs=512 count=1 (See fdisk(8).) |
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#echo ';' | sfdisk /dev/sdb
Checking that no-one is using this disk right now ... OK Disk /dev/sdb: 9729 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track Old situation: Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 0+ 9728 9729- 78148192 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb3 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty ... /dev/sdb2 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb3 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty Warning: no primary partition is marked bootable (active) This does not matter for LILO, but the DOS MBR will not boot this disk. Successfully wrote the new partition table Re-reading the partition table ... If you created or changed a DOS partition, /dev/foo7, say, then use dd(1) to zero the first 512 bytes: dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/foo7 bs=512 count=1 (See fdisk(8).) |
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#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2435 9729 58597087+ 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 2435 9729 58597056 83 Linux |
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#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2435 9729 58597087+ 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 2435 9729 58597056 83 Linux |
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#fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9729. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 2 No free sectors available Command (m for help): ^C |
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#fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9729. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 2 No free sectors available Command (m for help): ^C |
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#fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9729. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) ... 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2435 3651 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb4 3652 9729 48821535 5 Extended Command (m for help): Ñn First cylinder (3652-9729, default 3652): ^C |
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#fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9729. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) ... 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2435 3651 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb4 3652 9729 48821535 5 Extended Command (m for help): Ñn First cylinder (3652-9729, default 3652): ^C |
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#fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9729. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes ... s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. |
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#fdisk /dev/sdb
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9729. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes ... s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. |
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#fdisk /dev/sda
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9964. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes ... Using default value 2433 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (2433-9964, default 9964): Using default value 9964 Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot. Syncing disks. |
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#fdisk /dev/sda
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9964. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes ... Using default value 2433 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (2433-9964, default 9964): Using default value 9964 Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot. Syncing disks. |
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#apt-get install parted
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: portmap Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: libparted1.8-10 Suggested packages: libparted1.8-dev libparted1.8-i18n parted-doc ... Get:2 http://192.168.15.13 sid/main parted 1.8.8.git.2008.03.24-11.1 [64.5kB] Fetched 262kB in 0s (5176kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package libparted1.8-10. (Reading database ... 55786 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libparted1.8-10 (from .../libparted1.8-10_1.8.8.git.2008.03.24-11.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package parted. Unpacking parted (from .../parted_1.8.8.git.2008.03.24-11.1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up libparted1.8-10 (1.8.8.git.2008.03.24-11.1) ... Setting up parted (1.8.8.git.2008.03.24-11.1) ... |
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#apt-get install parted
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: portmap Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: libparted1.8-10 Suggested packages: libparted1.8-dev libparted1.8-i18n parted-doc ... Get:2 http://192.168.15.13 sid/main parted 1.8.8.git.2008.03.24-11.1 [64.5kB] Fetched 262kB in 0s (5176kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package libparted1.8-10. (Reading database ... 55786 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libparted1.8-10 (from .../libparted1.8-10_1.8.8.git.2008.03.24-11.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package parted. Unpacking parted (from .../parted_1.8.8.git.2008.03.24-11.1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up libparted1.8-10 (1.8.8.git.2008.03.24-11.1) ... Setting up parted (1.8.8.git.2008.03.24-11.1) ... |
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#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2433 9964 60500790 5 Extended Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2435 9729 58597087+ 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 2435 9729 58597056 83 Linux |
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#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2433 9964 60500790 5 Extended Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2435 9729 58597087+ 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 2435 9729 58597056 83 Linux |
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#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2433 9964 60500790 5 Extended Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2435 9729 58597087+ 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 2435 9729 58597056 83 Linux |
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#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2433 9964 60500790 5 Extended Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2435 9729 58597087+ 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 2435 9729 58597056 83 Linux |
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#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2433 9964 60500790 5 Extended Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2435 9729 58597087+ 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 2435 9729 58597056 83 Linux |
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#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2433 9964 60500790 5 Extended Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2435 9729 58597087+ 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 2435 9729 58597056 83 Linux |
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#fdisk -lu /dev/sdb1
Disk /dev/sdb1: 10.0 GB, 10010133504 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1216 cylinders, total 19551042 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdb1 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
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#fdisk -lu /dev/sdb1
Disk /dev/sdb1: 10.0 GB, 10010133504 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1216 cylinders, total 19551042 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sdb1 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
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#mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb5
mke2fs 1.41.5 (23-Apr-2009)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
3662848 inodes, 14649264 blocks
732463 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=0
448 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8176 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
|
|
#mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb5
mke2fs 1.41.5 (23-Apr-2009)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
3662848 inodes, 14649264 blocks
732463 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=0
448 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8176 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
|
|
#blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: UUID="3fb4ed89-4529-46e9-b1cd-79ec8f913ff7" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" |
|
#blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: UUID="3fb4ed89-4529-46e9-b1cd-79ec8f913ff7" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" |
|
#blkid /dev/sdb5
/dev/sdb5: UUID="4b4ca4f8-2bac-4f59-9811-f0ee094db8ec" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" |
|
#blkid /dev/sdb5
/dev/sdb5: UUID="4b4ca4f8-2bac-4f59-9811-f0ee094db8ec" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" |
|
#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2433 9964 60500790 5 Extended Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2435 9729 58597087+ 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 2435 9729 58597056 83 Linux |
|
#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 2432 19535008+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2433 9964 60500790 5 Extended Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 2435 9729 58597087+ 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 2435 9729 58597056 83 Linux |
|
#fdisk -lu
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders, total 160086528 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 63 39070079 19535008+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 39070080 160071659 60500790 5 Extended Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders, total 156301488 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 63 19551104 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 19551105 39102209 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 39102210 156296384 58597087+ 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 39102273 156296384 58597056 83 Linux |
|
#fdisk -lu
Disk /dev/sda: 81.9 GB, 81964302336 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9964 cylinders, total 160086528 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x337073c8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 63 39070079 19535008+ 83 Linux /dev/sda2 39070080 160071659 60500790 5 Extended Disk /dev/sdb: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders, total 156301488 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x4cf22bff Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 63 19551104 9775521 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 19551105 39102209 9775552+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb3 39102210 156296384 58597087+ 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 39102273 156296384 58597056 83 Linux |
|
#vol_id /dev/sdb1
ID_FS_USAGE=filesystem ID_FS_TYPE=ext3 ID_FS_VERSION=1.0 ID_FS_UUID=3fb4ed89-4529-46e9-b1cd-79ec8f913ff7 ID_FS_UUID_ENC=3fb4ed89-4529-46e9-b1cd-79ec8f913ff7 ID_FS_LABEL= ID_FS_LABEL_ENC= |
|
#vol_id /dev/sdb1
ID_FS_USAGE=filesystem ID_FS_TYPE=ext3 ID_FS_VERSION=1.0 ID_FS_UUID=3fb4ed89-4529-46e9-b1cd-79ec8f913ff7 ID_FS_UUID_ENC=3fb4ed89-4529-46e9-b1cd-79ec8f913ff7 ID_FS_LABEL= ID_FS_LABEL_ENC= |
|
#tune2fs /dev/sdb1 -U 3fb4ed891-4529-46e9-b1cd-79ec8f913ff7
tune2fs 1.41.5 (23-Apr-2009) tune2fs: Invalid UUID format |
|
#tune2fs /dev/sdb1 -U 3fb4ed891-4529-46e9-b1cd-79ec8f913ff7
tune2fs 1.41.5 (23-Apr-2009) tune2fs: Invalid UUID format |
|
#tune2fs /dev/sdb1 -U 3fb4ed89-4521-46e9-b1cd-79ec8f913ff7
tune2fs 1.41.5 (23-Apr-2009) |
|
#tune2fs /dev/sdb1 -U 3fb4ed89-4521-46e9-b1cd-79ec8f913ff7
tune2fs 1.41.5 (23-Apr-2009) |
|
#vi /etc/fstab
--- /tmp/l3-saved-4219.10026.10727 2009-05-30 12:22:16.000000000 +0300 +++ /etc/fstab 2009-05-30 12:31:36.000000000 +0300 @@ -1 +1,2 @@ # UNCONFIGURED FSTAB FOR BASE SYSTEM +LABEL=FEARDATA1 /data ext3 defaults 1 0 |
|
#vi /etc/fstab
--- /tmp/l3-saved-4219.3576.25905 2009-05-30 12:39:07.000000000 +0300 +++ /etc/fstab 2009-05-30 12:39:48.000000000 +0300 @@ -1,2 +1,4 @@ # UNCONFIGURED FSTAB FOR BASE SYSTEM LABEL=FEARDATA1 /data ext3 defaults 1 0 +/dev/sdc1 /mnt/flash auto user,noauto 0 0 + |
|
#vi /etc/fstab
--- /tmp/l3-saved-4219.14936.7488 2009-05-30 12:39:50.000000000 +0300 +++ /etc/fstab 2009-05-30 12:41:24.000000000 +0300 @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ # UNCONFIGURED FSTAB FOR BASE SYSTEM LABEL=FEARDATA1 /data ext3 defaults 1 0 -/dev/sdc1 /mnt/flash auto user,noauto 0 0 +/dev/sdc1 /mnt/flash auto owner,noauto 0 0 |
| Время первой команды журнала | 11:11:26 2009- 5-30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Время последней команды журнала | 12:40:40 2009- 5-30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 13.86 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 1.98 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 1.49 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 1.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
| Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1
2
3
4
Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией.
Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды.
Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса,
нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008