/l3/users/eb/2009/linux13/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 :28 :29 :30 :31 :32 :33 :34 :35 :36 :37 :38 :39 :40 :41 :42 :43 :44 :45 :46 :47 :48 :49 :50 :51 :52 :53 :54 :55 :56 :57 :58 :59 :60 :61 :62 :63 :64 :65 :66 :67 :68 :69 :70 :71 :72 :73 :74 :75 :76 |
|
#rsync --exclude={/dev,/proc,/sys,/mnt} /* /mn/
skipping directory bin skipping directory boot skipping directory etc skipping directory home skipping directory lib skipping directory lost+found skipping directory media skipping directory mntflash skipping directory opt skipping directory root skipping directory sbin skipping directory selinux skipping directory srv skipping directory tmp skipping directory usr skipping directory var skipping non-regular file "initrd.img" skipping non-regular file "vmlinuz" |
#rsync --exclude={/dev,/proc,/sys,/mnt} /* /mn/
skipping directory bin skipping directory boot skipping directory etc skipping directory home skipping directory lib skipping directory lost+found skipping directory media skipping directory mntflash skipping directory opt skipping directory root skipping directory sbin skipping directory selinux skipping directory srv skipping directory tmp skipping directory usr skipping directory var skipping non-regular file "initrd.img" skipping non-regular file "vmlinuz" |
#ls
11 harddisk.img passswd samba.dot screen.dot shtdown vol1 file lv-table passswd1 samba.png screen.png usaddscript |
#ls
11 harddisk.img passswd samba.dot screen.dot shtdown vol1 file lv-table passswd1 samba.png screen.png usaddscript |
#ls
bin dev home lib media mnt opt root selinux sys usr vmlinuz boot etc initrd.img lost+found mn mntflash proc sbin srv tmp var |
#ls
bin dev home lib media mnt opt root selinux sys usr vmlinuz boot etc initrd.img lost+found mn mntflash proc sbin srv tmp var |
#ls
bin boot etc home lib lost+found media mn mntflash opt root sbin selinux srv tmp usr var |
#ls
bin boot etc home lib lost+found media mn mntflash opt root sbin selinux srv tmp usr var |
#rsync --exclude={/dev,/proc,/sys,/mnt} /* /mnt/
skipping directory bin skipping directory boot skipping directory etc skipping directory home skipping directory lib skipping directory lost+found skipping directory media skipping directory mntflash skipping directory opt skipping directory root skipping directory sbin skipping directory selinux skipping directory srv skipping directory tmp skipping directory usr skipping directory var skipping non-regular file "initrd.img" skipping non-regular file "vmlinuz" |
#rsync --exclude={/dev,/proc,/sys,/mnt} /* /mnt/
skipping directory bin skipping directory boot skipping directory etc skipping directory home skipping directory lib skipping directory lost+found skipping directory media skipping directory mntflash skipping directory opt skipping directory root skipping directory sbin skipping directory selinux skipping directory srv skipping directory tmp skipping directory usr skipping directory var skipping non-regular file "initrd.img" skipping non-regular file "vmlinuz" |
#nc 192.168.15.1 110
+OK Qpopper (version 4.0.9) at linux1.unix.nt starting. <14988.1243849474@linux1.unix.nt> USER dsfb +OK Password required for dsfb. PASS dfklb'ndf -ERR [AUTH] Password supplied for "dsfb" is incorrect. +OK Pop server at linux1.unix.nt signing off. |
#nc 192.168.15.1 110
+OK Qpopper (version 4.0.9) at linux1.unix.nt starting. <14988.1243849474@linux1.unix.nt> USER dsfb +OK Password required for dsfb. PASS dfklb'ndf -ERR [AUTH] Password supplied for "dsfb" is incorrect. +OK Pop server at linux1.unix.nt signing off. |
#cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md1 : active raid1 sdb3[0] 19534976 blocks [2/1] [U_] md0 : active raid1 sdb5[1] sda5[0] 4891648 blocks [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> |
#cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md1 : active raid1 sdb3[0] 19534976 blocks [2/1] [U_] md0 : active raid1 sdb5[1] sda5[0] 4891648 blocks [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> |
#arp -an
? (192.168.15.254) at 00:15:60:7a:63:80 [ether] on eth0 |
#ping 192.168.15.14
PING 192.168.15.14 (192.168.15.14) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.14: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=3.04 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.14: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.228 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.14: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.224 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.14: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.226 ms ^C --- 192.168.15.14 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.224/0.929/3.041/1.219 ms |
#ping 192.168.15.14
PING 192.168.15.14 (192.168.15.14) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.15.14: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=3.04 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.14: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.228 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.14: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.224 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.15.14: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.226 ms ^C --- 192.168.15.14 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.224/0.929/3.041/1.219 ms |
#arp -an
? (192.168.15.254) at 00:15:60:7a:63:80 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.14) at 00:1b:fc:7d:bd:0e [ether] on eth0 |
#arp -an
? (192.168.15.254) at 00:15:60:7a:63:80 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.14) at 00:1b:fc:7d:bd:0e [ether] on eth0 |
#Ñзе-Ðapt-get install arping
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: portmap Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: libnet1 libpcap0.8 The following NEW packages will be installed: arping libnet1 libpcap0.8 ... (Reading database ... 56018 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libnet1 (from .../libnet1_1.1.2.1-5_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package libpcap0.8. Unpacking libpcap0.8 (from .../libpcap0.8_1.0.0-1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package arping. Unpacking arping (from .../arping_2.08-1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up libnet1 (1.1.2.1-5) ... Setting up libpcap0.8 (1.0.0-1) ... Setting up arping (2.08-1) ... |
#Ñзе-Ðapt-get install arping
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: portmap Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: libnet1 libpcap0.8 The following NEW packages will be installed: arping libnet1 libpcap0.8 ... (Reading database ... 56018 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libnet1 (from .../libnet1_1.1.2.1-5_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package libpcap0.8. Unpacking libpcap0.8 (from .../libpcap0.8_1.0.0-1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package arping. Unpacking arping (from .../arping_2.08-1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up libnet1 (1.1.2.1-5) ... Setting up libpcap0.8 (1.0.0-1) ... Setting up arping (2.08-1) ... |
#arping 192.168.16.1
ARPING 192.168.16.1 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=0 time=223.160 usec 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=1 time=221.968 usec 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=2 time=226.974 usec 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=3 time=223.875 usec 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=4 time=226.974 usec ^C --- 192.168.16.1 statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% unanswered |
#arping 192.168.16.1
ARPING 192.168.16.1 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=0 time=223.160 usec 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=1 time=221.968 usec 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=2 time=226.974 usec 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=3 time=223.875 usec 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=4 time=226.974 usec ^C --- 192.168.16.1 statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% unanswered |
#ping 192.168.16.1
PING 192.168.16.1 (192.168.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.16.1 ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 5040ms |
#ping 192.168.16.1
PING 192.168.16.1 (192.168.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 192.168.16.1 ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 5040ms |
#for i in {1..253Ð}
> do > arping -c 1 192.168.16.$i >& /dev/null && echo $i > done 1 ^C ^[[A^[[A ^C ^Z [1]+ Stopped arping -c 1 192.168.16.$i >&/dev/null |
#for i in {1..253Ð}
> do > arping -c 1 192.168.16.$i >& /dev/null && echo $i > done 1 ^C ^[[A^[[A ^C ^Z [1]+ Stopped arping -c 1 192.168.16.$i >&/dev/null |
#kill %
|
#ls /tmp/arping.log
/tmp/arping.log [1]+ Terminated arping -c 1 192.168.16.$i >> /tmp/arping.log 2>&1 |
#ls /tmp/arping.log
/tmp/arping.log [1]+ Terminated arping -c 1 192.168.16.$i >> /tmp/arping.log 2>&1 |
#cat /tmp/arping.log
ARPING 192.168.16.1 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=0 time=223.160 usec --- 192.168.16.1 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% unanswered ARPING 192.168.16.2 --- 192.168.16.2 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered ARPING 192.168.16.3 --- 192.168.16.3 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered ARPING 192.168.16.4 --- 192.168.16.4 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered ARPING 192.168.16.5 --- 192.168.16.5 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered |
#cat /tmp/arping.log
ARPING 192.168.16.1 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=0 time=223.160 usec --- 192.168.16.1 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% unanswered ARPING 192.168.16.2 --- 192.168.16.2 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered ARPING 192.168.16.3 --- 192.168.16.3 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered ARPING 192.168.16.4 --- 192.168.16.4 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered ARPING 192.168.16.5 --- 192.168.16.5 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered |
#apt-get install tcpdump
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: portmap Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following NEW packages will be installed: tcpdump 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 20 not upgraded. Need to get 325kB of archives. After this operation, 733kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://192.168.15.13 sid/main tcpdump 4.0.0-2 [325kB] Fetched 325kB in 0s (3921kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package tcpdump. (Reading database ... 56048 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking tcpdump (from .../tcpdump_4.0.0-2_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up tcpdump (4.0.0-2) ... |
#apt-get install tcpdump
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: portmap Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following NEW packages will be installed: tcpdump 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 20 not upgraded. Need to get 325kB of archives. After this operation, 733kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://192.168.15.13 sid/main tcpdump 4.0.0-2 [325kB] Fetched 325kB in 0s (3921kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package tcpdump. (Reading database ... 56048 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking tcpdump (from .../tcpdump_4.0.0-2_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up tcpdump (4.0.0-2) ... |
#apt-get install ettercap
ettercap ettercap-common ettercap-gtk ettercap-plugins |
#apt-get install ettercap
ettercap ettercap-common ettercap-gtk ettercap-plugins |
#apt-get install ettercap
ettercap ettercap-common ettercap-gtk ettercap-plugins |
#apt-get install ettercap
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: portmap Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: ettercap-common The following NEW packages will be installed: ettercap ettercap-common ... Get:2 http://192.168.15.13 sid/main ettercap 1:0.7.3-1.2+b1 [191kB] Fetched 500kB in 6s (81.8kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package ettercap-common. (Reading database ... 56060 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking ettercap-common (from .../ettercap-common_1%3a0.7.3-1.2+b1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package ettercap. Unpacking ettercap (from .../ettercap_1%3a0.7.3-1.2+b1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up ettercap-common (1:0.7.3-1.2+b1) ... Setting up ettercap (1:0.7.3-1.2+b1) ... |
#apt-get install ettercap
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: portmap Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: ettercap-common The following NEW packages will be installed: ettercap ettercap-common ... Get:2 http://192.168.15.13 sid/main ettercap 1:0.7.3-1.2+b1 [191kB] Fetched 500kB in 6s (81.8kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package ettercap-common. (Reading database ... 56060 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking ettercap-common (from .../ettercap-common_1%3a0.7.3-1.2+b1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package ettercap. Unpacking ettercap (from .../ettercap_1%3a0.7.3-1.2+b1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up ettercap-common (1:0.7.3-1.2+b1) ... Setting up ettercap (1:0.7.3-1.2+b1) ... |
#nc 192.168.15.1 110
+OK Qpopper (version 4.0.9) at linux1.unix.nt starting. <14844.1243849317@linux1.unix.nt> USER fear +OK Password required for fear. PASS password -ERR [AUTH] Password supplied for "fear" is incorrect. |
#nc 192.168.15.1 110
+OK Qpopper (version 4.0.9) at linux1.unix.nt starting. <14844.1243849317@linux1.unix.nt> USER fear +OK Password required for fear. PASS password -ERR [AUTH] Password supplied for "fear" is incorrect. |
#ettercap -M arp /192.168.15.14 /192.168.15.1
ettercap NG-0.7.3 copyright 2001-2004 ALoR & NaGA Incorrect number of token (//) in TARGET !! |
#ettercap -M arp /192.168.15.14 /192.168.15.1
ettercap NG-0.7.3 copyright 2001-2004 ALoR & NaGA Incorrect number of token (//) in TARGET !! |
#ettercap -M arp /192.168.15.4/ /192.168.15.1/ -L log -T
ettercap NG-0.7.3 copyright 2001-2004 ALoR & NaGA Listening on eth0... (Ethernet) eth0 -> 00:1B:FC:C1:52:E8 192.168.15.13 255.255.255.0 SSL dissection needs a valid 'redir_command_on' script in the etter.conf file Privileges dropped to UID 65534 GID 65534... 28 plugins 39 protocol dissectors 53 ports monitored 7587 mac vendor fingerprint 1698 tcp OS fingerprint 2183 known services Scanning for merged targets (2 hosts)... * |==================================================>| 100.00 % 2 hosts added to the hosts list... ARP poisoning victims: GROUP 1 : 192.168.15.4 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 GROUP 2 : 192.168.15.1 00:1B:FC:7D:BB:47 Starting Unified sniffing... Text only Interface activated... Hit 'h' for inline help User requested a CTRL+C... (deprecated, next time use proper shutdown) |
#ettercap -M arp /192.168.15.4/ /192.168.15.1/ -L log -T
ettercap NG-0.7.3 copyright 2001-2004 ALoR & NaGA Listening on eth0... (Ethernet) eth0 -> 00:1B:FC:C1:52:E8 192.168.15.13 255.255.255.0 SSL dissection needs a valid 'redir_command_on' script in the etter.conf file Privileges dropped to UID 65534 GID 65534... 28 plugins 39 protocol dissectors 53 ports monitored 7587 mac vendor fingerprint 1698 tcp OS fingerprint 2183 known services Scanning for merged targets (2 hosts)... * |==================================================>| 100.00 % 2 hosts added to the hosts list... ARP poisoning victims: GROUP 1 : 192.168.15.4 00:04:76:A0:A9:12 GROUP 2 : 192.168.15.1 00:1B:FC:7D:BB:47 Starting Unified sniffing... Text only Interface activated... Hit 'h' for inline help User requested a CTRL+C... (deprecated, next time use proper shutdown) |
#arp -an
? (192.168.15.1) at 00:1b:fc:7d:bb:47 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.254) at 00:15:60:7a:63:80 [ether] on eth0 |
#arp -an
? (192.168.15.1) at 00:1b:fc:7d:bb:47 [ether] on eth0 ? (192.168.15.254) at 00:15:60:7a:63:80 [ether] on eth0 |
#nmap -p 22 '192.168.15.*' >& /dev/null
|
#arp -an | awk '{print $2" "$4}' | tr -d '()'
192.168.15.10 00:13:d4:b2:4f:e0 192.168.15.1 00:1b:fc:7d:bb:47 192.168.15.14 00:1b:fc:7d:bd:0e 192.168.15.6 00:1b:fc:7d:b5:a7 192.168.15.254 00:15:60:7a:63:80 192.168.15.5 00:0a:01:d4:d3:5a 192.168.15.12 00:1b:fc:7d:bc:f0 192.168.15.7 00:1b:fc:7d:b5:98 192.168.15.2 00:1e:8c:64:2a:64 192.168.15.3 00:07:e9:3c:2c:ba 192.168.15.11 00:1b:fc:7d:bc:f5 192.168.15.16 00:04:76:a1:f0:5d 192.168.15.4 00:04:76:a0:a9:12 192.168.15.15 00:22:15:c8:4e:d2 192.168.15.8 00:1e:8c:64:2a:66 192.168.15.253 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 192.168.15.9 00:1e:8c:64:2c:4a |
#arp -an | awk '{print $2" "$4}' | tr -d '()'
192.168.15.10 00:13:d4:b2:4f:e0 192.168.15.1 00:1b:fc:7d:bb:47 192.168.15.14 00:1b:fc:7d:bd:0e 192.168.15.6 00:1b:fc:7d:b5:a7 192.168.15.254 00:15:60:7a:63:80 192.168.15.5 00:0a:01:d4:d3:5a 192.168.15.12 00:1b:fc:7d:bc:f0 192.168.15.7 00:1b:fc:7d:b5:98 192.168.15.2 00:1e:8c:64:2a:64 192.168.15.3 00:07:e9:3c:2c:ba 192.168.15.11 00:1b:fc:7d:bc:f5 192.168.15.16 00:04:76:a1:f0:5d 192.168.15.4 00:04:76:a0:a9:12 192.168.15.15 00:22:15:c8:4e:d2 192.168.15.8 00:1e:8c:64:2a:66 192.168.15.253 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 192.168.15.9 00:1e:8c:64:2c:4a |
#сфе cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md1 : active raid1 sdb3[0] 19534976 blocks [2/1] [U_] md0 : active raid1 sdb5[1] sda5[0] 4891648 blocks [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> |
#сфе cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md1 : active raid1 sdb3[0] 19534976 blocks [2/1] [U_] md0 : active raid1 sdb5[1] sda5[0] 4891648 blocks [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> |
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md1 : active raid1 sdb3[0] 19534976 blocks [2/1] [U_] md0 : active raid1 sdb5[1] sda5[0] 4891648 blocks [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none>
ARPING 192.168.16.1 60 bytes from 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 (192.168.16.1): index=0 time=223.160 usec --- 192.168.16.1 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% unanswered ARPING 192.168.16.2 --- 192.168.16.2 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered ARPING 192.168.16.3 --- 192.168.16.3 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered ARPING 192.168.16.4 --- 192.168.16.4 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered ARPING 192.168.16.5 --- 192.168.16.5 statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% unanswered
Время первой команды журнала | 11:12:28 2009- 6- 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 14:19:41 2009- 6- 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 5.94 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 1.98 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.98 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 1.72 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
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Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008