14:50:35
|
#man bash | wc -l
3560 |
| /l3/users/eb/2009/linux3/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 :28 :29 :30 :31 :32 :33 :34 :35 :36 :37 :38 |
|
|
#ssh -l qашчfixcon
|
|
#парпроssh -l quiz 10.0.35.100
-----------------------------------------------------------------[39/39]----- Вы создали файловую систему и теперь хотите, чтобы она автоматически монтировалась при загрузке. В каком файле вам необходимо создать запись о ней? 1. /etc/mtab 2. /etc/vmtab 3. /etc/fstab 4. /etc/inittab 5. /etc/default/fs 6. /etc/default/mount --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 Your score: 33 Connection to 10.0.35.100 closed. |
|
#vconfig -a eth0 102
WARNING: Could not open /proc/net/vlan/config. Maybe you need to load the 8021q module, or maybe you are not using PROCFS??
Unknown command -:-a:-
Usage: add [interface-name] [vlan_id]
rem [vlan-name]
set_flag [interface-name] [flag-num] [0 | 1]
set_egress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
set_ingress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
set_name_type [name-type]
* The [interface-name] is the name of the ethernet card that hosts
the VLAN you are talking about.
...
* vlan_qos is the 3 bit priority in the VLAN header
* name-type: VLAN_PLUS_VID (vlan0005), VLAN_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (vlan5),
DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005), DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)
* FLAGS: 1 REORDER_HDR When this is set, the VLAN device will move the
ethernet header around to make it look exactly like a real
ethernet device. This may help programs such as DHCPd which
read the raw ethernet packet and make assumptions about the
location of bytes. If you don't need it, don't turn it on, because
there will be at least a small performance degradation. Default
is OFF.
|
|
#vconfig -a eth0 102
WARNING: Could not open /proc/net/vlan/config. Maybe you need to load the 8021q module, or maybe you are not using PROCFS??
Unknown command -:-a:-
Usage: add [interface-name] [vlan_id]
rem [vlan-name]
set_flag [interface-name] [flag-num] [0 | 1]
set_egress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
set_ingress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
set_name_type [name-type]
* The [interface-name] is the name of the ethernet card that hosts
the VLAN you are talking about.
...
* vlan_qos is the 3 bit priority in the VLAN header
* name-type: VLAN_PLUS_VID (vlan0005), VLAN_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (vlan5),
DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005), DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)
* FLAGS: 1 REORDER_HDR When this is set, the VLAN device will move the
ethernet header around to make it look exactly like a real
ethernet device. This may help programs such as DHCPd which
read the raw ethernet packet and make assumptions about the
location of bytes. If you don't need it, don't turn it on, because
there will be at least a small performance degradation. Default
is OFF.
|
|
#vconfig eth0 102
WARNING: Could not open /proc/net/vlan/config. Maybe you need to load the 8021q module, or maybe you are not using PROCFS??
Unknown command -:eth0:-
Usage: add [interface-name] [vlan_id]
rem [vlan-name]
set_flag [interface-name] [flag-num] [0 | 1]
set_egress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
set_ingress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
set_name_type [name-type]
* The [interface-name] is the name of the ethernet card that hosts
the VLAN you are talking about.
...
* vlan_qos is the 3 bit priority in the VLAN header
* name-type: VLAN_PLUS_VID (vlan0005), VLAN_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (vlan5),
DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005), DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)
* FLAGS: 1 REORDER_HDR When this is set, the VLAN device will move the
ethernet header around to make it look exactly like a real
ethernet device. This may help programs such as DHCPd which
read the raw ethernet packet and make assumptions about the
location of bytes. If you don't need it, don't turn it on, because
there will be at least a small performance degradation. Default
is OFF.
|
|
#vconfig eth0 102
WARNING: Could not open /proc/net/vlan/config. Maybe you need to load the 8021q module, or maybe you are not using PROCFS??
Unknown command -:eth0:-
Usage: add [interface-name] [vlan_id]
rem [vlan-name]
set_flag [interface-name] [flag-num] [0 | 1]
set_egress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
set_ingress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
set_name_type [name-type]
* The [interface-name] is the name of the ethernet card that hosts
the VLAN you are talking about.
...
* vlan_qos is the 3 bit priority in the VLAN header
* name-type: VLAN_PLUS_VID (vlan0005), VLAN_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (vlan5),
DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005), DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)
* FLAGS: 1 REORDER_HDR When this is set, the VLAN device will move the
ethernet header around to make it look exactly like a real
ethernet device. This may help programs such as DHCPd which
read the raw ethernet packet and make assumptions about the
location of bytes. If you don't need it, don't turn it on, because
there will be at least a small performance degradation. Default
is OFF.
|
|
#vconfig eth0 102
Unknown command -:eth0:-
Usage: add [interface-name] [vlan_id]
rem [vlan-name]
set_flag [interface-name] [flag-num] [0 | 1]
set_egress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
set_ingress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
set_name_type [name-type]
* The [interface-name] is the name of the ethernet card that hosts
the VLAN you are talking about.
* The vlan_id is the identifier (0-4095) of the VLAN you are operating on.
* skb_priority is the priority in the socket buffer (sk_buff).
* vlan_qos is the 3 bit priority in the VLAN header
* name-type: VLAN_PLUS_VID (vlan0005), VLAN_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (vlan5),
DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005), DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)
* FLAGS: 1 REORDER_HDR When this is set, the VLAN device will move the
ethernet header around to make it look exactly like a real
ethernet device. This may help programs such as DHCPd which
read the raw ethernet packet and make assumptions about the
location of bytes. If you don't need it, don't turn it on, because
there will be at least a small performance degradation. Default
is OFF.
|
|
#vconfig eth0 102
Unknown command -:eth0:-
Usage: add [interface-name] [vlan_id]
rem [vlan-name]
set_flag [interface-name] [flag-num] [0 | 1]
set_egress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
set_ingress_map [vlan-name] [skb_priority] [vlan_qos]
set_name_type [name-type]
* The [interface-name] is the name of the ethernet card that hosts
the VLAN you are talking about.
* The vlan_id is the identifier (0-4095) of the VLAN you are operating on.
* skb_priority is the priority in the socket buffer (sk_buff).
* vlan_qos is the 3 bit priority in the VLAN header
* name-type: VLAN_PLUS_VID (vlan0005), VLAN_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (vlan5),
DEV_PLUS_VID (eth0.0005), DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD (eth0.5)
* FLAGS: 1 REORDER_HDR When this is set, the VLAN device will move the
ethernet header around to make it look exactly like a real
ethernet device. This may help programs such as DHCPd which
read the raw ethernet packet and make assumptions about the
location of bytes. If you don't need it, don't turn it on, because
there will be at least a small performance degradation. Default
is OFF.
|
|
#ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:3c:2c:ba
inet addr:192.168.15.3 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::207:e9ff:fe3c:2cba/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:39165 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:30398 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:14153717 (13.4 MiB) TX bytes:3629193 (3.4 MiB)
eth0.102 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:3c:2c:ba
inet addr:192.168.102.1 Bcast:192.168.102.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
...
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:468 (468.0 B)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:1231 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1231 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:8035396 (7.6 MiB) TX bytes:8035396 (7.6 MiB)
|
|
#ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:3c:2c:ba
inet addr:192.168.15.3 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::207:e9ff:fe3c:2cba/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:39165 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:30398 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:14153717 (13.4 MiB) TX bytes:3629193 (3.4 MiB)
eth0.102 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:3c:2c:ba
inet addr:192.168.102.1 Bcast:192.168.102.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
...
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:468 (468.0 B)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:1231 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1231 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:8035396 (7.6 MiB) TX bytes:8035396 (7.6 MiB)
|
|
#ip route
192.168.102.0/24 dev eth0.102 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.102.1 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.3 192.168.202.0/24 dev eth0.202 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.202.2 default via 192.168.15.254 dev eth0 |
|
#ip route
192.168.102.0/24 dev eth0.102 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.102.1 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.3 192.168.202.0/24 dev eth0.202 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.202.2 default via 192.168.15.254 dev eth0 |
|
#traceroute -n 192.168.201.1
traceroute to 192.168.201.1 (192.168.201.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.201.1 3.016 ms 3.164 ms 3.376 ms |
|
#traceroute -n 192.168.201.1
traceroute to 192.168.201.1 (192.168.201.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.201.1 3.016 ms 3.164 ms 3.376 ms |
|
#traceroute -n 192.168.201.2
traceroute to 192.168.201.2 (192.168.201.2), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 25.608 ms 25.791 ms 26.131 ms 2 192.168.201.2 6.939 ms 0.151 ms 0.315 ms |
|
#traceroute -n 192.168.201.2
traceroute to 192.168.201.2 (192.168.201.2), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 25.608 ms 25.791 ms 26.131 ms 2 192.168.201.2 6.939 ms 0.151 ms 0.315 ms |
|
#traceroute -n 192.168.101.1
traceroute to 192.168.101.1 (192.168.101.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 1.206 ms 1.381 ms 1.561 ms 2 * * * 3 10.0.35.22 2.682 ms 2.877 ms 3.185 ms 4 * * * 5 10.0.35.22 3.302 ms 3.510 ms 3.779 ms 6 * * * 7 10.0.35.22 3.330 ms 2.573 ms 2.652 ms 8 * * * 9 10.0.35.22 2.518 ms 1.681 ms 1.742 ms 10 * * * 11 10.0.35.22 1.560 ms 1.165 ms 1.194 ms 12 *^C |
|
#traceroute -n 192.168.101.1
traceroute to 192.168.101.1 (192.168.101.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 1.206 ms 1.381 ms 1.561 ms 2 * * * 3 10.0.35.22 2.682 ms 2.877 ms 3.185 ms 4 * * * 5 10.0.35.22 3.302 ms 3.510 ms 3.779 ms 6 * * * 7 10.0.35.22 3.330 ms 2.573 ms 2.652 ms 8 * * * 9 10.0.35.22 2.518 ms 1.681 ms 1.742 ms 10 * * * 11 10.0.35.22 1.560 ms 1.165 ms 1.194 ms 12 *^C |
|
#traceroute -n 192.168.210.1
traceroute to 192.168.210.1 (192.168.210.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 24.056 ms 24.298 ms 24.470 ms 2 * * * 3 * * * 4 * * * 5 * * * 6 * * * 7 *^C |
|
#traceroute -n 192.168.210.1
traceroute to 192.168.210.1 (192.168.210.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 24.056 ms 24.298 ms 24.470 ms 2 * * * 3 * * * 4 * * * 5 * * * 6 * * * 7 *^C |
|
#traceroute -n 192.168.208.1
traceroute to 192.168.208.1 (192.168.208.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.208.1 3.037 ms 3.221 ms 3.402 ms |
|
#traceroute -n 192.168.208.1
traceroute to 192.168.208.1 (192.168.208.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.208.1 3.037 ms 3.221 ms 3.402 ms |
|
#traceroute -n 192.168.209.1
traceroute to 192.168.209.1 (192.168.209.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 6.779 ms 6.988 ms 7.176 ms 2 * * * 3 * * * 4 * * * 5 * * * 6 * * * 7 *^C |
|
#traceroute -n 192.168.209.1
traceroute to 192.168.209.1 (192.168.209.1), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 6.779 ms 6.988 ms 7.176 ms 2 * * * 3 * * * 4 * * * 5 * * * 6 * * * 7 *^C |
|
#openvpn --help
as well as pushes it to connecting clients.
--learn-address cmd : Run script cmd to validate client virtual addresses.
--connect-freq n s : Allow a maximum of n new connections per s seconds.
--max-clients n : Allow a maximum of n simultaneously connected clients.
--max-routes-per-client n : Allow a maximum of n internal routes per client.
--port-share host port : When run in TCP mode, proxy incoming HTTPS sessions
to a web server at host:port.
Client options (when connecting to a multi-client server):
--client : Helper option to easily configure client mode.
--auth-user-pass [up] : Authenticate with server using username/password.
...
Tun/tap config mode (available with linux 2.4+):
--mktun : Create a persistent tunnel.
--rmtun : Remove a persistent tunnel.
--dev tunX|tapX : tun/tap device
--dev-type dt : Device type. See tunnel options above for details.
--user user : User to set privilege to.
--group group : Group to set privilege to.
PKCS#11 standalone options:
--show-pkcs11-ids provider [cert_private] : Show PKCS#11 available ids.
--verb option can be added *BEFORE* this.
|
|
#openvpn --help
as well as pushes it to connecting clients.
--learn-address cmd : Run script cmd to validate client virtual addresses.
--connect-freq n s : Allow a maximum of n new connections per s seconds.
--max-clients n : Allow a maximum of n simultaneously connected clients.
--max-routes-per-client n : Allow a maximum of n internal routes per client.
--port-share host port : When run in TCP mode, proxy incoming HTTPS sessions
to a web server at host:port.
Client options (when connecting to a multi-client server):
--client : Helper option to easily configure client mode.
--auth-user-pass [up] : Authenticate with server using username/password.
...
Tun/tap config mode (available with linux 2.4+):
--mktun : Create a persistent tunnel.
--rmtun : Remove a persistent tunnel.
--dev tunX|tapX : tun/tap device
--dev-type dt : Device type. See tunnel options above for details.
--user user : User to set privilege to.
--group group : Group to set privilege to.
PKCS#11 standalone options:
--show-pkcs11-ids provider [cert_private] : Show PKCS#11 available ids.
--verb option can be added *BEFORE* this.
|
|
#ping 192.168.102.2
PING 192.168.102.2 (192.168.102.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.102.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.125 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.102.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.089 ms ^C --- 192.168.102.2 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.089/0.107/0.125/0.018 ms |
|
#ping 192.168.102.2
PING 192.168.102.2 (192.168.102.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.102.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.125 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.102.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.089 ms ^C --- 192.168.102.2 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.089/0.107/0.125/0.018 ms |
|
#traceroute 10.0.35.100
traceroute to 10.0.35.100 (10.0.35.100), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets ^C |
|
#traceroute 10.0.35.100
traceroute to 10.0.35.100 (10.0.35.100), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets ^C |
|
#traceroute -n 10.0.35.100
traceroute to 10.0.35.100 (10.0.35.100), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 0.925 ms 1.094 ms 1.282 ms 2 * * * 3 * * * 4 * * * 5 * * * 6 * * * 7 * * * 8 * * * 9 * * * 10 * * * 11 * * * 12 * *^C |
|
#traceroute -n 10.0.35.100
traceroute to 10.0.35.100 (10.0.35.100), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 0.925 ms 1.094 ms 1.282 ms 2 * * * 3 * * * 4 * * * 5 * * * 6 * * * 7 * * * 8 * * * 9 * * * 10 * * * 11 * * * 12 * *^C |
|
#traceroute -n 10.0.35.100
traceroute to 10.0.35.100 (10.0.35.100), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 0.869 ms 1.092 ms 1.299 ms 2 * * * 3 * * * 4 * * * 5 * * * 6 * * * 7 *^C |
|
#traceroute -n 10.0.35.100
traceroute to 10.0.35.100 (10.0.35.100), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 0.869 ms 1.092 ms 1.299 ms 2 * * * 3 * * * 4 * * * 5 * * * 6 * * * 7 *^C |
|
#traceroute -n 10.0.35.100
traceroute to 10.0.35.100 (10.0.35.100), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 1.231 ms 1.423 ms 1.651 ms 2 10.0.35.100 0.214 ms 0.247 ms 0.248 ms |
|
#traceroute -n 10.0.35.100
traceroute to 10.0.35.100 (10.0.35.100), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.202.1 1.231 ms 1.423 ms 1.651 ms 2 10.0.35.100 0.214 ms 0.247 ms 0.248 ms |
|
#ssh 10.0.35.100
root@10.0.35.100's password: Linux linux0 2.6.18-6-xen-686 #1 SMP Sun Feb 10 22:43:13 UTC 2008 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Wed Jun 3 18:07:11 2009 from linux1.unix.nt l3-agent is already running: pid=4804; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
|
#ip route
10.0.35.100 via 192.168.15.254 dev eth0 192.168.102.0/24 dev eth0.102 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.102.1 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.3 192.168.202.0/24 dev eth0.202 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.202.2 default via 192.168.202.1 dev eth0.202 |
|
#ip route
10.0.35.100 via 192.168.15.254 dev eth0 192.168.102.0/24 dev eth0.102 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.102.1 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.3 192.168.202.0/24 dev eth0.202 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.202.2 default via 192.168.202.1 dev eth0.202 |
|
#ls -l
итого 12 -rw------- 1 root root 636 Июн 3 17:56 linux1.key -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 84 Июн 3 18:00 server.conf -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1352 Май 1 15:25 update-resolv-conf |
|
#ls -l
итого 12 -rw------- 1 root root 636 Июн 3 17:56 linux1.key -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 84 Июн 3 18:00 server.conf -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1352 Май 1 15:25 update-resolv-conf |
|
#cat server.conf
port 443 proto tcp-server dev tun ifconfig 172.16.1.1 172.16.1.2 secret linux1.key |
|
#cat server.conf
port 443 proto tcp-server dev tun ifconfig 172.16.1.1 172.16.1.2 secret linux1.key |
|
#vi client.conf
--- /dev/null 2009-06-03 09:24:49.512751715 +0300 +++ client.conf 2009-06-03 18:04:53.000000000 +0300 @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +port 443 +proto tcp-client +dev tun +ifconfig 172.16.1.2 172.16.1.1 +secret linux1.key +remote 192.168.201.2 |
|
#rsync -av -e ssh 102.168.201.2:/etc/openvpn/linux1.key ./
^Crsync error: received SIGINT, SIGTERM, or SIGHUP (code 20) at rsync.c(544) [receiver=3.0.5] |
|
#rsync -av -e ssh 102.168.201.2:/etc/openvpn/linux1.key ./
^Crsync error: received SIGINT, SIGTERM, or SIGHUP (code 20) at rsync.c(544) [receiver=3.0.5] |
|
#rsync -av -e ssh 192.168.201.2:/etc/openvpn/linux1.key ./
receiving incremental file list linux1.key sent 30 bytes received 719 bytes 499.33 bytes/sec total size is 636 speedup is 0.85 |
|
#rsync -av -e ssh 192.168.201.2:/etc/openvpn/linux1.key ./
receiving incremental file list linux1.key sent 30 bytes received 719 bytes 499.33 bytes/sec total size is 636 speedup is 0.85 |
|
#ls -l
total 12 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 104 2009-06-03 18:04 client.conf -rw------- 1 root root 636 2009-06-03 17:56 linux1.key -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1352 2009-05-01 15:25 update-resolv-conf |
|
#ls -l
total 12 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 104 2009-06-03 18:04 client.conf -rw------- 1 root root 636 2009-06-03 17:56 linux1.key -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1352 2009-05-01 15:25 update-resolv-conf |
|
#cat client.conf
port 443 proto tcp-client dev tun ifconfig 172.16.1.2 172.16.1.1 secret linux1.key remote 192.168.201.2 |
|
#cat client.conf
port 443 proto tcp-client dev tun ifconfig 172.16.1.2 172.16.1.1 secret linux1.key remote 192.168.201.2 |
|
#netstat -nlp -A inet
Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:11022 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11127/ssh tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:110 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2868/inetd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:9999 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2868/inetd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12264/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2852/exim4 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19027/openvpn |
|
#netstat -nlp -A inet
Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:11022 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11127/ssh tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:110 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2868/inetd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:9999 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2868/inetd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12264/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2852/exim4 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 19027/openvpn |
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#ip route
172.16.1.2 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.1.1 192.168.101.0/24 dev eth0.101 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.101.1 192.168.201.0/24 dev eth0.201 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.201.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.1 default via 192.168.15.254 dev eth0 |
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#ip route
172.16.1.2 dev tun0 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.1.1 192.168.101.0/24 dev eth0.101 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.101.1 192.168.201.0/24 dev eth0.201 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.201.2 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.1 default via 192.168.15.254 dev eth0 |
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#ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:3c:2c:ba
inet addr:192.168.15.3 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::207:e9ff:fe3c:2cba/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:41187 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:32845 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:14390131 (13.7 MiB) TX bytes:3856718 (3.6 MiB)
eth0.102 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:3c:2c:ba
inet addr:192.168.102.1 Bcast:192.168.102.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
...
TX packets:1231 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:8035396 (7.6 MiB) TX bytes:8035396 (7.6 MiB)
tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00
inet addr:172.16.1.2 P-t-P:172.16.1.1 Mask:255.255.255.255
UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
|
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#ifconfig -a
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:3c:2c:ba
inet addr:192.168.15.3 Bcast:192.168.15.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::207:e9ff:fe3c:2cba/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:41187 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:32845 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:14390131 (13.7 MiB) TX bytes:3856718 (3.6 MiB)
eth0.102 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:3c:2c:ba
inet addr:192.168.102.1 Bcast:192.168.102.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
...
TX packets:1231 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:8035396 (7.6 MiB) TX bytes:8035396 (7.6 MiB)
tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00
inet addr:172.16.1.2 P-t-P:172.16.1.1 Mask:255.255.255.255
UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:100
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
|
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#netstat -np -A inet
Active Internet connections (w/o servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 192.168.202.2:39446 192.168.201.2:22 ESTABLISHED 10044/ssh tcp 0 0 192.168.102.1:20022 192.168.102.2:42207 ESTABLISHED 10067/sshd: root tcp 0 0 192.168.15.3:33653 10.0.35.100:22 ESTABLISHED 9410/ssh tcp 0 0 192.168.102.1:20022 192.168.102.2:42206 ESTABLISHED 10056/sshd: root tcp 0 0 192.168.102.1:20022 192.168.102.2:42205 ESTABLISHED 10045/sshd: root tcp 0 1 192.168.202.2:39874 212.26.146.51:18030 SYN_SENT 3235/l3-agent tcp 0 0 192.168.15.3:40512 10.0.35.100:22 ESTABLISHED 10040/sshd: root tcp 0 0 192.168.102.1:20022 192.168.102.2:48552 ESTABLISHED 10040/sshd: root tcp 0 0 192.168.202.2:39986 192.168.201.2:443 ESTABLISHED 10136/openvpn |
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#netstat -np -A inet
Active Internet connections (w/o servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 192.168.202.2:39446 192.168.201.2:22 ESTABLISHED 10044/ssh tcp 0 0 192.168.102.1:20022 192.168.102.2:42207 ESTABLISHED 10067/sshd: root tcp 0 0 192.168.15.3:33653 10.0.35.100:22 ESTABLISHED 9410/ssh tcp 0 0 192.168.102.1:20022 192.168.102.2:42206 ESTABLISHED 10056/sshd: root tcp 0 0 192.168.102.1:20022 192.168.102.2:42205 ESTABLISHED 10045/sshd: root tcp 0 1 192.168.202.2:39874 212.26.146.51:18030 SYN_SENT 3235/l3-agent tcp 0 0 192.168.15.3:40512 10.0.35.100:22 ESTABLISHED 10040/sshd: root tcp 0 0 192.168.102.1:20022 192.168.102.2:48552 ESTABLISHED 10040/sshd: root tcp 0 0 192.168.202.2:39986 192.168.201.2:443 ESTABLISHED 10136/openvpn |
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#ping 172.2.16.1
PING 172.2.16.1 (172.2.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 172.2.16.1 ping statistics --- 8 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 7056ms |
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#ping 172.2.16.1
PING 172.2.16.1 (172.2.16.1) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- 172.2.16.1 ping statistics --- 8 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 7056ms |
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#ping 172.16.1.1
PING 172.16.1.1 (172.16.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.847 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.531 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.694 ms ^C --- 172.16.1.1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.531/0.690/0.847/0.132 ms |
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#ping 172.16.1.1
PING 172.16.1.1 (172.16.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.847 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.531 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.694 ms ^C --- 172.16.1.1 ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.531/0.690/0.847/0.132 ms |
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#cat client.conf
port 443 proto tcp-client dev tun ifconfig 172.16.1.2 172.16.1.1 secret linux1.key remote 192.168.201.2 |
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#cat client.conf
port 443 proto tcp-client dev tun ifconfig 172.16.1.2 172.16.1.1 secret linux1.key remote 192.168.201.2 |
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#cat server.conf
port 443 proto tcp-server dev tun ifconfig 172.16.1.1 172.16.1.2 secret linux1.key |
port 443 proto tcp-client dev tun ifconfig 172.16.1.2 172.16.1.1 secret linux1.key remote 192.168.201.2
port 443 proto tcp-server dev tun ifconfig 172.16.1.1 172.16.1.2 secret linux1.key
| Время первой команды журнала | 14:50:11 2009- 6- 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Время последней команды журнала | 18:14:15 2009- 6- 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 13.86 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.83 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 2.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
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Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
| Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
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Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1
2
3
4
Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией.
Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды.
Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса,
нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008