/l3/users/eb/2009/linux3/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 :26 :27 :28 :29 :30 :31 :32 :33 :34 :35 :36 :37 :38 |
|
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 808.0 Test_Domain 3 256 1 ------ 6.9 |
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 808.0 Test_Domain 3 256 1 ------ 6.9 |
#ls -l /mnt
total 72 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:40 bin drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:44 boot drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:40 dev drwxr-xr-x 40 root root 4096 2009-06-05 19:06 etc drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-04-24 22:21 home drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:40 lib drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:38 media drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-04-24 22:21 mnt drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:38 opt drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-04-24 22:21 proc drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:38 root drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:41 sbin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-02-21 16:55 selinux drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:38 srv drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2008-08-12 17:09 sys drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 19:00 tmp drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:38 usr drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:38 var |
#ls -l /mnt
total 72 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:40 bin drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:44 boot drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:40 dev drwxr-xr-x 40 root root 4096 2009-06-05 19:06 etc drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-04-24 22:21 home drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:40 lib drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:38 media drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-04-24 22:21 mnt drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:38 opt drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-04-24 22:21 proc drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:38 root drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:41 sbin drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-02-21 16:55 selinux drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:38 srv drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2008-08-12 17:09 sys drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 2009-06-05 19:00 tmp drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:38 usr drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 4096 2009-06-05 18:38 var |
#chroot /mnt
linux3:/# passwd root Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: passwd: password updated successfully linux3:/# exit exit |
#chroot /mnt
linux3:/# passwd root Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: passwd: password updated successfully linux3:/# exit exit |
#xm create dom1
Using config file "/etc/xen/dom1". Error: Device 2050 (vbd) could not be connected. Device /dev/sda2 is mounted in the privileged domain, and so cannot be mounted by a guest. |
#xm create dom1
Using config file "/etc/xen/dom1". Error: Device 2050 (vbd) could not be connected. Device /dev/sda2 is mounted in the privileged domain, and so cannot be mounted by a guest. |
#vi /etc/xen/dom1
--- /tmp/l3-saved-5376.18520.23976 2009-06-05 19:43:28.000000000 +0300 +++ /etc/xen/dom1 2009-06-05 19:46:33.000000000 +0300 @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ ramdisk = "/boot/initrd.img-2.6.18-6-xen-686" memory = 256 name = "Test_Domain" -#vif = [ '' ] +vif = [ 'bridge=eth0' ] disk = [ 'phy:sda2,sda2,w' ] root = "/dev/sda2 ro" extra = "4" |
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 824.4 Test_Domain 5 256 1 -b---- 5.2 |
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 824.4 Test_Domain 5 256 1 -b---- 5.2 |
#xm дÑÑlist
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 881.2 Test_Domain 5 256 1 -b---- 5.5 |
#xm дÑÑlist
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 881.2 Test_Domain 5 256 1 -b---- 5.5 |
#xm console Test_Domain
Debian GNU/Linux squeeze/sid linux3 tty1 linux3 login: кÑÑе Debian GNU/Linux squeeze/sid linux3 tty1 linux3 login: root Password: Last login: Fri Jun 5 16:08:37 UTC 2009 on tty1 Linux linux3 2.6.18-6-xen-686 #1 SMP Sat Dec 27 13:17:00 UTC 2008 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. ... LOOPBACK MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) linux3:~# lspci -bash: lspci: command not found linux3:~# exit logout Debian GNU/Linux squeeze/sid linux3 tty1 |
#xm console Test_Domain
Debian GNU/Linux squeeze/sid linux3 tty1 linux3 login: кÑÑе Debian GNU/Linux squeeze/sid linux3 tty1 linux3 login: root Password: Last login: Fri Jun 5 16:08:37 UTC 2009 on tty1 Linux linux3 2.6.18-6-xen-686 #1 SMP Sat Dec 27 13:17:00 UTC 2008 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. ... LOOPBACK MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) linux3:~# lspci -bash: lspci: command not found linux3:~# exit logout Debian GNU/Linux squeeze/sid linux3 tty1 |
#vi /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp
--- /tmp/l3-saved-3215.12362.17611 2009-06-05 19:41:36.000000000 +0300 +++ /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp 2009-06-05 19:42:33.000000000 +0300 @@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ # Your default ethernet device is used as the outgoing interface, by default. # To use a different one (e.g. eth1) use # -# (network-script 'network-bridge netdev=eth1') +(network-script 'network-bridge netdev=eth0') # # The bridge is named xenbr0, by default. To rename the bridge, use # @@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ # two fake interfaces per guest domain. To do things like this, write # yourself a wrapper script, and call network-bridge from it, as appropriate. # -(network-script network-dummy) +#(network-script network-dummy) # The script used to control virtual interfaces. This can be overridden on a # per-vif basis when creating a domain or a configuring a new vif. The |
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 896.1 Test_Domain 5 256 1 -b---- 5.6 |
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 896.1 Test_Domain 5 256 1 -b---- 5.6 |
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 903.8 Test_Domain 5 256 1 -b---- 6.1 |
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 903.8 Test_Domain 5 256 1 -b---- 6.1 |
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 904.4 Test_Domain 5 256 1 ------ 7.0 |
#xm list
Name ID Mem VCPUs State Time(s) Domain-0 0 1024 1 r----- 904.4 Test_Domain 5 256 1 ------ 7.0 |
#/etc/init.d/xend resatrt
Usage: /etc/init.d/xend {start|stop|restart|force-reload} |
#/etc/init.d/xend resatrt
Usage: /etc/init.d/xend {start|stop|restart|force-reload} |
#/etc/init.d/xend restart
Restarting XEN control daemon: xendWaiting for peth0 to negotiate link.... . |
#/etc/init.d/xend restart
Restarting XEN control daemon: xendWaiting for peth0 to negotiate link.... . |
#!b
brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces eth0 8000.0007e93c2cba no peth0 |
#!b
brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces eth0 8000.0007e93c2cba no peth0 |
#ssh 192.168.15.103
ssh: connect to host 192.168.15.103 port 22: Connection refused |
#ssh 192.168.15.103
ssh: connect to host 192.168.15.103 port 22: Connection refused |
#xm console Test_Domain
Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/x/xauth/xauth_1.0.3-2_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/libe/libedit/libedit2_2.11~20080614-2_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/k/keyutils/libkeyutils1_1.2-10_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/k/krb5/libkrb5support0_1.7dfsg~beta3-1_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/k/krb5/libk5crypto3_1.7dfsg~beta3-1_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/k/krb5/libkrb5-3_1.7dfsg~beta3-1_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/k/krb5/libgssapi-krb5-2_1.7dfsg~beta3-1_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/o/openssh/openssh-client_5.1p1-5+b1_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/o/openssh/openssh-server_5.1p1-5+b1_i386.deb 404 Not Found E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing? linux3:~# aptitude |
#xm console Test_Domain
Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/x/xauth/xauth_1.0.3-2_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/libe/libedit/libedit2_2.11~20080614-2_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/k/keyutils/libkeyutils1_1.2-10_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/k/krb5/libkrb5support0_1.7dfsg~beta3-1_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/k/krb5/libk5crypto3_1.7dfsg~beta3-1_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/k/krb5/libkrb5-3_1.7dfsg~beta3-1_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/k/krb5/libgssapi-krb5-2_1.7dfsg~beta3-1_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/o/openssh/openssh-client_5.1p1-5+b1_i386.deb 404 Not Found Failed to fetch http://192.168.15.3:9999/debian/pool/main/o/openssh/openssh-server_5.1p1-5+b1_i386.deb 404 Not Found E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing? linux3:~# aptitude |
#cat /etc/network/interfaces
# Used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8). See the interfaces(5) manpage or # /usr/share/doc/ifupdown/examples for more information. auto lo eth0 iface lo inet loopback iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.15.3 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.15.0 auto eth0.102 iface eth0.102 inet static address 192.168.102.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 vlan_raw_device eth0 auto eth0.202 iface eth0.202 inet static address 192.168.202.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 vlan_raw_device eth0 gateway 192.168.202.1 |
#cat /etc/network/interfaces
# Used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8). See the interfaces(5) manpage or # /usr/share/doc/ifupdown/examples for more information. auto lo eth0 iface lo inet loopback iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.15.3 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.15.0 auto eth0.102 iface eth0.102 inet static address 192.168.102.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 vlan_raw_device eth0 auto eth0.202 iface eth0.202 inet static address 192.168.202.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 vlan_raw_device eth0 gateway 192.168.202.1 |
#ip route
192.168.102.0/24 dev eth0.102 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.102.1 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.3 192.168.202.0/24 dev eth0.202 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.202.2 |
#ip route
192.168.102.0/24 dev eth0.102 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.102.1 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.3 192.168.202.0/24 dev eth0.202 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.202.2 |
#ip route
192.168.102.0/24 dev eth0.102 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.102.1 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.3 192.168.202.0/24 dev eth0.202 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.202.2 default via 192.168.15.254 dev eth0 |
#ip route
192.168.102.0/24 dev eth0.102 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.102.1 192.168.15.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.15.3 192.168.202.0/24 dev eth0.202 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.202.2 default via 192.168.15.254 dev eth0 |
#ls -al .ssh/
total 48 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-03 10:56 . drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 2009-06-05 19:46 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7826 2009-06-03 11:29 authorized_keys -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1804 2009-06-03 11:28 autorized_keys -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 27 2009-06-03 10:56 config -rw------- 1 root root 668 2009-06-03 10:37 id_dsa -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 601 2009-06-03 10:37 id_dsa.pub -rw------- 1 root root 9188 2009-06-05 10:04 known_hosts -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1768 2009-06-03 10:17 known_hosts.old |
#ls -al .ssh/
total 48 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2009-06-03 10:56 . drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 2009-06-05 19:46 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7826 2009-06-03 11:29 authorized_keys -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1804 2009-06-03 11:28 autorized_keys -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 27 2009-06-03 10:56 config -rw------- 1 root root 668 2009-06-03 10:37 id_dsa -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 601 2009-06-03 10:37 id_dsa.pub -rw------- 1 root root 9188 2009-06-05 10:04 known_hosts -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1768 2009-06-03 10:17 known_hosts.old |
#exit
[ Wrote 1 line ] linux3:~# exit logout Debian GNU/Linux squeeze/sid linux3 tty1 |
#exit
[ Wrote 1 line ] linux3:~# exit logout Debian GNU/Linux squeeze/sid linux3 tty1 |
#cat .ssh/id_dsa | ssh 192.168.15.103 'cat >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys'
The authenticity of host '192.168.15.103 (192.168.15.103)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 75:74:a0:06:53:f3:3a:26:8c:a1:b4:23:77:54:89:4d. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.15.103' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. root@192.168.15.103's password: |
#cat .ssh/id_dsa | ssh 192.168.15.103 'cat >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys'
The authenticity of host '192.168.15.103 (192.168.15.103)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 75:74:a0:06:53:f3:3a:26:8c:a1:b4:23:77:54:89:4d. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.15.103' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. root@192.168.15.103's password: |
#ssh 192.168.15.103
root@192.168.15.103's password: Linux linux3.1 2.6.18-6-xen-686 #1 SMP Sat Dec 27 13:17:00 UTC 2008 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Fri Jun 5 17:11:56 2009 linux3:~# exit logout Connection to 192.168.15.103 closed. |
#ssh 192.168.15.103
root@192.168.15.103's password: Linux linux3.1 2.6.18-6-xen-686 #1 SMP Sat Dec 27 13:17:00 UTC 2008 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Fri Jun 5 17:11:56 2009 linux3:~# exit logout Connection to 192.168.15.103 closed. |
#xm console Test_Domain
Activating swapfile swap...done. Setting up networking.... Configuring network interfaces...done. INIT: Entering runlevel: 4 Starting enhanced syslogd: rsyslogd. Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshd. Starting periodic command scheduler: cron. Debian GNU/Linux squeeze/sid linux3.1 tty1 linux3.1 login: root Password: ... linux3:~# linux3:~# linux3:~# ps aux | grep ssh root 1084 0.0 0.3 5436 1040 ? Ss 17:11 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd root 1554 0.0 0.2 1764 548 tty1 S+ 17:16 0:00 grep ssh linux3:~# EXIT -bash: EXIT: command not found linux3:~# exit logout Debian GNU/Linux squeeze/sid linux3.1 tty1 |
#xm console Test_Domain
Activating swapfile swap...done. Setting up networking.... Configuring network interfaces...done. INIT: Entering runlevel: 4 Starting enhanced syslogd: rsyslogd. Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshd. Starting periodic command scheduler: cron. Debian GNU/Linux squeeze/sid linux3.1 tty1 linux3.1 login: root Password: ... linux3:~# linux3:~# linux3:~# ps aux | grep ssh root 1084 0.0 0.3 5436 1040 ? Ss 17:11 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd root 1554 0.0 0.2 1764 548 tty1 S+ 17:16 0:00 grep ssh linux3:~# EXIT -bash: EXIT: command not found linux3:~# exit logout Debian GNU/Linux squeeze/sid linux3.1 tty1 |
#cat .ssh/id_dsa.pub | ssh 192.168.15.103 'cat > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys'
root@192.168.15.103's password: |
#cat .ssh/id_dsa.pub | ssh 192.168.15.103 'cat > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys'
root@192.168.15.103's password: |
#gzip --help
Usage: gzip [OPTION]... [FILE]... Compress or uncompress FILEs (by default, compress FILES in-place). Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -c, --stdout write on standard output, keep original files unchanged -d, --decompress decompress -f, --force force overwrite of output file and compress links -h, --help give this help -l, --list list compressed file contents -L, --license display software license -n, --no-name do not save or restore the original name and time stamp ... -r, --recursive operate recursively on directories -S, --suffix=SUF use suffix SUF on compressed files -t, --test test compressed file integrity -v, --verbose verbose mode -V, --version display version number -1, --fast compress faster -9, --best compress better --rsyncable Make rsync-friendly archive With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Report bugs to <bug-gzip@gnu.org>. |
#gzip --help
Usage: gzip [OPTION]... [FILE]... Compress or uncompress FILEs (by default, compress FILES in-place). Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -c, --stdout write on standard output, keep original files unchanged -d, --decompress decompress -f, --force force overwrite of output file and compress links -h, --help give this help -l, --list list compressed file contents -L, --license display software license -n, --no-name do not save or restore the original name and time stamp ... -r, --recursive operate recursively on directories -S, --suffix=SUF use suffix SUF on compressed files -t, --test test compressed file integrity -v, --verbose verbose mode -V, --version display version number -1, --fast compress faster -9, --best compress better --rsyncable Make rsync-friendly archive With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. Report bugs to <bug-gzip@gnu.org>. |
#apt-get install pkzip
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done E: Couldn't find package pkzip |
#apt-get install pkzip
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done E: Couldn't find package pkzip |
#apt-get install zip
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: portmap Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: unzip The following NEW packages will be installed: unzip zip ... Get:2 http://127.0.0.1 sid/main zip 3.0-1 [313kB] Fetched 492kB in 0s (961kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package unzip. (Reading database ... 59046 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking unzip (from .../archives/unzip_6.0-1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package zip. Unpacking zip (from .../archives/zip_3.0-1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up unzip (6.0-1) ... Setting up zip (3.0-1) ... |
#apt-get install zip
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: portmap Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed: unzip The following NEW packages will be installed: unzip zip ... Get:2 http://127.0.0.1 sid/main zip 3.0-1 [313kB] Fetched 492kB in 0s (961kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package unzip. (Reading database ... 59046 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking unzip (from .../archives/unzip_6.0-1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package zip. Unpacking zip (from .../archives/zip_3.0-1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up unzip (6.0-1) ... Setting up zip (3.0-1) ... |
#zip --help
Copyright (c) 1990-2008 Info-ZIP - Type 'zip "-L"' for software license. Zip 3.0 (July 5th 2008). Usage: zip [-options] [-b path] [-t mmddyyyy] [-n suffixes] [zipfile list] [-xi list] The default action is to add or replace zipfile entries from list, which can include the special name - to compress standard input. If zipfile and list are omitted, zip compresses stdin to stdout. -f freshen: only changed files -u update: only changed or new files -d delete entries in zipfile -m move into zipfile (delete OS files) -r recurse into directories -j junk (don't record) directory names -0 store only -l convert LF to CR LF (-ll CR LF to LF) -1 compress faster -9 compress better -q quiet operation -v verbose operation/print version info -c add one-line comments -z add zipfile comment -@ read names from stdin -o make zipfile as old as latest entry -x exclude the following names -i include only the following names -F fix zipfile (-FF try harder) -D do not add directory entries -A adjust self-extracting exe -J junk zipfile prefix (unzipsfx) -T test zipfile integrity -X eXclude eXtra file attributes -y store symbolic links as the link instead of the referenced file -e encrypt -n don't compress these suffixes -h2 show more help |
#zip --help
Copyright (c) 1990-2008 Info-ZIP - Type 'zip "-L"' for software license. Zip 3.0 (July 5th 2008). Usage: zip [-options] [-b path] [-t mmddyyyy] [-n suffixes] [zipfile list] [-xi list] The default action is to add or replace zipfile entries from list, which can include the special name - to compress standard input. If zipfile and list are omitted, zip compresses stdin to stdout. -f freshen: only changed files -u update: only changed or new files -d delete entries in zipfile -m move into zipfile (delete OS files) -r recurse into directories -j junk (don't record) directory names -0 store only -l convert LF to CR LF (-ll CR LF to LF) -1 compress faster -9 compress better -q quiet operation -v verbose operation/print version info -c add one-line comments -z add zipfile comment -@ read names from stdin -o make zipfile as old as latest entry -x exclude the following names -i include only the following names -F fix zipfile (-FF try harder) -D do not add directory entries -A adjust self-extracting exe -J junk zipfile prefix (unzipsfx) -T test zipfile integrity -X eXclude eXtra file attributes -y store symbolic links as the link instead of the referenced file -e encrypt -n don't compress these suffixes -h2 show more help |
#zip -r9 ./etc.zip /etc
adding: etc/rc1.d/K20exim4 (deflated 66%) adding: etc/rc1.d/README (deflated 41%) adding: etc/rc1.d/S30killprocs (deflated 47%) adding: etc/rc1.d/K84ssh (deflated 69%) adding: etc/rc1.d/K19sendmail (deflated 77%) adding: etc/rc1.d/K11anacron (deflated 55%) adding: etc/rc1.d/K20lpd (deflated 55%) adding: etc/rc1.d/K81portmap (deflated 61%) adding: etc/rc1.d/S90single (deflated 36%) adding: etc/rc1.d/S21aumix (deflated 65%) ... adding: etc/rc5.d/S20rsync (deflated 74%) adding: etc/rc5.d/S89anacron (deflated 55%) adding: etc/rc5.d/K80openvpn (deflated 70%) adding: etc/debsums-ignore (stored 0%) adding: etc/.pwd.lock (stored 0%) adding: etc/fonts/ (stored 0%) adding: etc/fonts/conf.d/ (stored 0%) adding: etc/fonts/conf.d/70-no-bitmaps.conf (deflated 39%) adding: etc/fonts/conf.d/30-metric-aliases.conf (deflated 80%) adding: etc/fonts/conf.d/49-sansserif.conf (deflated 56%) |
#zip -r9 ./etc.zip /etc
adding: etc/rc1.d/K20exim4 (deflated 66%) adding: etc/rc1.d/README (deflated 41%) adding: etc/rc1.d/S30killprocs (deflated 47%) adding: etc/rc1.d/K84ssh (deflated 69%) adding: etc/rc1.d/K19sendmail (deflated 77%) adding: etc/rc1.d/K11anacron (deflated 55%) adding: etc/rc1.d/K20lpd (deflated 55%) adding: etc/rc1.d/K81portmap (deflated 61%) adding: etc/rc1.d/S90single (deflated 36%) adding: etc/rc1.d/S21aumix (deflated 65%) ... adding: etc/rc5.d/S20rsync (deflated 74%) adding: etc/rc5.d/S89anacron (deflated 55%) adding: etc/rc5.d/K80openvpn (deflated 70%) adding: etc/debsums-ignore (stored 0%) adding: etc/.pwd.lock (stored 0%) adding: etc/fonts/ (stored 0%) adding: etc/fonts/conf.d/ (stored 0%) adding: etc/fonts/conf.d/70-no-bitmaps.conf (deflated 39%) adding: etc/fonts/conf.d/30-metric-aliases.conf (deflated 80%) adding: etc/fonts/conf.d/49-sansserif.conf (deflated 56%) |
#zip --help
Copyright (c) 1990-2008 Info-ZIP - Type 'zip "-L"' for software license. Zip 3.0 (July 5th 2008). Usage: zip [-options] [-b path] [-t mmddyyyy] [-n suffixes] [zipfile list] [-xi list] The default action is to add or replace zipfile entries from list, which can include the special name - to compress standard input. If zipfile and list are omitted, zip compresses stdin to stdout. -f freshen: only changed files -u update: only changed or new files -d delete entries in zipfile -m move into zipfile (delete OS files) -r recurse into directories -j junk (don't record) directory names -0 store only -l convert LF to CR LF (-ll CR LF to LF) -1 compress faster -9 compress better -q quiet operation -v verbose operation/print version info -c add one-line comments -z add zipfile comment -@ read names from stdin -o make zipfile as old as latest entry -x exclude the following names -i include only the following names -F fix zipfile (-FF try harder) -D do not add directory entries -A adjust self-extracting exe -J junk zipfile prefix (unzipsfx) -T test zipfile integrity -X eXclude eXtra file attributes -y store symbolic links as the link instead of the referenced file -e encrypt -n don't compress these suffixes -h2 show more help |
#zip --help
Copyright (c) 1990-2008 Info-ZIP - Type 'zip "-L"' for software license. Zip 3.0 (July 5th 2008). Usage: zip [-options] [-b path] [-t mmddyyyy] [-n suffixes] [zipfile list] [-xi list] The default action is to add or replace zipfile entries from list, which can include the special name - to compress standard input. If zipfile and list are omitted, zip compresses stdin to stdout. -f freshen: only changed files -u update: only changed or new files -d delete entries in zipfile -m move into zipfile (delete OS files) -r recurse into directories -j junk (don't record) directory names -0 store only -l convert LF to CR LF (-ll CR LF to LF) -1 compress faster -9 compress better -q quiet operation -v verbose operation/print version info -c add one-line comments -z add zipfile comment -@ read names from stdin -o make zipfile as old as latest entry -x exclude the following names -i include only the following names -F fix zipfile (-FF try harder) -D do not add directory entries -A adjust self-extracting exe -J junk zipfile prefix (unzipsfx) -T test zipfile integrity -X eXclude eXtra file attributes -y store symbolic links as the link instead of the referenced file -e encrypt -n don't compress these suffixes -h2 show more help |
# Used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8). See the interfaces(5) manpage or # /usr/share/doc/ifupdown/examples for more information. auto lo eth0 iface lo inet loopback iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.15.3 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.15.0 auto eth0.102 iface eth0.102 inet static address 192.168.102.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 vlan_raw_device eth0 auto eth0.202 iface eth0.202 inet static address 192.168.202.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 vlan_raw_device eth0 gateway 192.168.202.1
Время первой команды журнала | 19:06:00 2009- 6- 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 20:42:57 2009- 6- 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 11.88 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 1.98 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 1.62 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 1.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
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В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
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Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
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Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008