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Четверг (05/28/09)

/dev/pts/8

16:13:31

#apt-get install acl\

>
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
acl is already the newest version.
acl set to manually installed.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  update-inetd portmap
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

/dev/pts/7

16:13:31

#apt-get install acl\

>
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
acl is already the newest version.
acl set to manually installed.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  update-inetd portmap
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

16:13:47

#getfacl ./user_list

# file: user_list
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rw-
group::r--
other::r--

/dev/pts/8

16:13:47

#getfacl ./user_list

# file: user_list
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rw-
group::r--
other::r--

16:14:11

#setafcl

bash: setafcl: command not found

/dev/pts/7

16:14:11

#setafcl

bash: setafcl: command not found

/dev/pts/8

16:16:32

#setfacl

Usage: setfacl [-bkndRLP] { -m|-M|-x|-X ... } file ...
Try `setfacl --help' for more information.

/dev/pts/7

16:16:32

#setfacl

Usage: setfacl [-bkndRLP] { -m|-M|-x|-X ... } file ...
Try `setfacl --help' for more information.

/dev/pts/8

16:16:37

#setfacl --help

setfacl 2.2.47 -- set file access control lists
Usage: setfacl [-bkndRLP] { -m|-M|-x|-X ... } file ...
  -m, --modify=acl        modify the current ACL(s) of file(s)
  -M, --modify-file=file  read ACL entries to modify from file
  -x, --remove=acl        remove entries from the ACL(s) of file(s)
  -X, --remove-file=file  read ACL entries to remove from file
  -b, --remove-all        remove all extended ACL entries
  -k, --remove-default    remove the default ACL
      --set=acl           set the ACL of file(s), replacing the current ACL
      --set-file=file     read ACL entries to set from file
      --mask              do recalculate the effective rights mask
  -n, --no-mask           don't recalculate the effective rights mask
  -d, --default           operations apply to the default ACL
  -R, --recursive         recurse into subdirectories
  -L, --logical           logical walk, follow symbolic links
  -P, --physical          physical walk, do not follow symbolic links
      --restore=file      restore ACLs (inverse of `getfacl -R')
      --test              test mode (ACLs are not modified)
      --version           print version and exit
      --help              this help text

/dev/pts/7

16:16:37

#setfacl --help

setfacl 2.2.47 -- set file access control lists
Usage: setfacl [-bkndRLP] { -m|-M|-x|-X ... } file ...
  -m, --modify=acl        modify the current ACL(s) of file(s)
  -M, --modify-file=file  read ACL entries to modify from file
  -x, --remove=acl        remove entries from the ACL(s) of file(s)
  -X, --remove-file=file  read ACL entries to remove from file
  -b, --remove-all        remove all extended ACL entries
  -k, --remove-default    remove the default ACL
      --set=acl           set the ACL of file(s), replacing the current ACL
      --set-file=file     read ACL entries to set from file
      --mask              do recalculate the effective rights mask
  -n, --no-mask           don't recalculate the effective rights mask
  -d, --default           operations apply to the default ACL
  -R, --recursive         recurse into subdirectories
  -L, --logical           logical walk, follow symbolic links
  -P, --physical          physical walk, do not follow symbolic links
      --restore=file      restore ACLs (inverse of `getfacl -R')
      --test              test mode (ACLs are not modified)
      --version           print version and exit
      --help              this help text

/dev/pts/8

16:16:42

#setfacl -Ñm u:user2:rw ./user_list

setfacl: Option -m: Invalid argument near character 3

/dev/pts/7

16:16:42

#setfacl -Ñm u:user2:rw ./user_list

setfacl: Option -m: Invalid argument near character 3

/dev/pts/8

16:19:45

#setfacl -m u:user2:rw ./user_list

setfacl: Option -m: Invalid argument near character 3

/dev/pts/7

16:19:45

#setfacl -m u:user2:rw ./user_list

setfacl: Option -m: Invalid argument near character 3

/dev/pts/8

16:21:21

#getfacl ./user_list

# file: user_list
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rw-
group::r--
other::r--

/dev/pts/7

16:21:21

#getfacl ./user_list

# file: user_list
# owner: root
# group: root
user::rw-
group::r--
other::r--

/dev/pts/8

16:23:16

#setfacl -m u:user2:rw ./user_list

setfacl: Option -m: Invalid argument near character 3

/dev/pts/7

16:23:16

#setfacl -m u:user2:rw ./user_list

setfacl: Option -m: Invalid argument near character 3

/dev/pts/8

16:23:34

#mount

tmpfs on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
procbususb on /proc/bus/usb type usbfs (rw)
udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=620)
rootfs on / type rootfs (rw)

/dev/pts/7

16:23:34

#mount

tmpfs on /lib/init/rw type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,mode=0755)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
procbususb on /proc/bus/usb type usbfs (rw)
udev on /dev type tmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=620)
rootfs on / type rootfs (rw)

/dev/pts/8

16:25:11

#df -h

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs                1006M     0 1006M   0% /lib/init/rw
udev                   10M  108K  9.9M   2% /dev
tmpfs                1006M  4.0K 1006M   1% /dev/shm
rootfs                 19G  1.4G   17G   8% /

/dev/pts/7

16:25:11

#df -h

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs                1006M     0 1006M   0% /lib/init/rw
udev                   10M  108K  9.9M   2% /dev
tmpfs                1006M  4.0K 1006M   1% /dev/shm
rootfs                 19G  1.4G   17G   8% /

/dev/pts/8

16:25:17

#mount -o acl.remount /

mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on rootfs,
       missing codepage or helper program, or other error
       (for several filesystems (e.g. nfs, cifs) you might
       need a /sbin/mount.<type> helper program)
       In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
       dmesg | tail  or so

/dev/pts/7

16:25:17

#mount -o acl.remount /

mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on rootfs,
       missing codepage or helper program, or other error
       (for several filesystems (e.g. nfs, cifs) you might
       need a /sbin/mount.<type> helper program)
       In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
       dmesg | tail  or so

/dev/pts/8

16:25:44

#mount -o acl,remount /

/dev/pts/7

16:25:44

#mount -o acl,remount /

/dev/pts/8

16:26:17

#ls -l ./user_list

-rw-rw-r--+ 1 root root 0 2009-05-28 14:40 ./user_list

/dev/pts/7

16:26:17

#ls -l ./user_list

-rw-rw-r--+ 1 root root 0 2009-05-28 14:40 ./user_list

/dev/pts/8

16:26:21

#cat /etc/nsswitch.conf

# /etc/nsswitch.conf
#
# Example configuration of GNU Name Service Switch functionality.
# If you have the `glibc-doc-reference' and `info' packages installed, try:
# `info libc "Name Service Switch"' for information about this file.
passwd:         compat
group:          compat
shadow:         compat
hosts:          files dns
networks:       files
protocols:      db files
services:       db files
ethers:         db files
rpc:            db files
netgroup:       nis

/dev/pts/7

16:26:21

#cat /etc/nsswitch.conf

# /etc/nsswitch.conf
#
# Example configuration of GNU Name Service Switch functionality.
# If you have the `glibc-doc-reference' and `info' packages installed, try:
# `info libc "Name Service Switch"' for information about this file.
passwd:         compat
group:          compat
shadow:         compat
hosts:          files dns
networks:       files
protocols:      db files
services:       db files
ethers:         db files
rpc:            db files
netgroup:       nis

/dev/pts/8

16:35:03

#пуеgetent passwd

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/bin/sh
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/bin/sh
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/bin/sh
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/bin/sh
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/bin/sh
mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/bin/sh
news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/bin/sh
...
gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/bin/sh
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/bin/sh
libuuid:x:100:101::/var/lib/libuuid:/bin/sh
sshd:x:101:65534::/var/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
messagebus:x:102:104::/var/run/dbus:/bin/false
polkituser:x:103:105:PolicyKit,,,:/var/run/PolicyKit:/bin/false
haldaemon:x:104:106:Hardware abstraction layer,,,:/var/run/hald:/bin/false
gdm:x:105:107:Gnome Display Manager:/var/lib/gdm:/bin/false
user:x:1000:1000::/home/user:/bin/bash
Debian-exim:x:106:108::/var/spool/exim4:/bin/false

/dev/pts/7

16:35:03

#пуеgetent passwd

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/bin/sh
bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/bin/sh
sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/bin/sh
sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/bin/sh
man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/bin/sh
lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/bin/sh
mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/bin/sh
news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/bin/sh
...
gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/bin/sh
nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/bin/sh
libuuid:x:100:101::/var/lib/libuuid:/bin/sh
sshd:x:101:65534::/var/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
messagebus:x:102:104::/var/run/dbus:/bin/false
polkituser:x:103:105:PolicyKit,,,:/var/run/PolicyKit:/bin/false
haldaemon:x:104:106:Hardware abstraction layer,,,:/var/run/hald:/bin/false
gdm:x:105:107:Gnome Display Manager:/var/lib/gdm:/bin/false
user:x:1000:1000::/home/user:/bin/bash
Debian-exim:x:106:108::/var/spool/exim4:/bin/false

/dev/pts/8

16:35:18

#ls /etc/pam.d/

atd   chpasswd  common-account  common-password  cron  gdm-autologin  newusers  passwd  sshd  sudo
chfn  chsh      common-auth     common-session   gdm   login          other     polkit  su    xscreensaver

/dev/pts/7

16:35:18

#ls /etc/pam.d/

atd   chpasswd  common-account  common-password  cron  gdm-autologin  newusers  passwd  sshd  sudo
chfn  chsh      common-auth     common-session   gdm   login          other     polkit  su    xscreensaver

/dev/pts/8

16:38:56

#grep ^auth /etc/pam.d/common-auth

auth    [success=1 default=ignore]      pam_unix.so nullok_secure
auth    requisite                       pam_deny.so
auth    required                        pam_permit.so

/dev/pts/7

16:38:56

#grep ^auth /etc/pam.d/common-auth

auth    [success=1 default=ignore]      pam_unix.so nullok_secure
auth    requisite                       pam_deny.so
auth    required                        pam_permit.so

/dev/pts/8

16:45:41

#cat /etc/security/

access.conf     limits.conf     namespace.init  pam_env.conf    time.conf
group.conf      namespace.conf  opasswd         sepermit.conf

16:45:41

#cat /etc/security/limits.conf

# /etc/security/limits.conf
#
#Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:
#
#<domain>        <type>  <item>  <value>
#
#Where:
#<domain> can be:
#        - an user name
#        - a group name, with @group syntax
...
#*               soft    core            0
#root            hard    core            100000
#*               hard    rss             10000
#@student        hard    nproc           20
#@faculty        soft    nproc           20
#@faculty        hard    nproc           50
#ftp             hard    nproc           0
#ftp             -       chroot          /ftp
#@student        -       maxlogins       4
# End of file

/dev/pts/7

16:45:41

#cat /etc/security/

access.conf     limits.conf     namespace.init  pam_env.conf    time.conf
group.conf      namespace.conf  opasswd         sepermit.conf

16:45:41

#cat /etc/security/limits.conf

# /etc/security/limits.conf
#
#Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:
#
#<domain>        <type>  <item>  <value>
#
#Where:
#<domain> can be:
#        - an user name
#        - a group name, with @group syntax
...
#*               soft    core            0
#root            hard    core            100000
#*               hard    rss             10000
#@student        hard    nproc           20
#@faculty        soft    nproc           20
#@faculty        hard    nproc           50
#ftp             hard    nproc           0
#ftp             -       chroot          /ftp
#@student        -       maxlogins       4
# End of file

прошло 12 минут

16:58:32

#vi /etc/security/limits.conf

/dev/pts/8

16:58:32

#vi /etc/security/limits.conf

--- /tmp/l3-saved-3433.834.25308	2009-05-28 16:59:10.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/security/limits.conf	2009-05-28 16:59:18.000000000 +0300
@@ -53,5 +53,5 @@
 #ftp             -       chroot          /ftp
 #@student        -       maxlogins       4
 
-user		-	maxlogins	3
+user		-	maxlogins	7
 # End of file

16:59:18

#vi /etc/security/limits.conf

--- /tmp/l3-saved-3433.22277.30785	2009-05-28 17:05:53.000000000 +0300
+++ /etc/security/limits.conf	2009-05-28 17:06:03.000000000 +0300
@@ -53,5 +53,5 @@
 #ftp             -       chroot          /ftp
 #@student        -       maxlogins       4
 
-user		-	maxlogins	7
+#user		-	maxlogins	7
 # End of file

/dev/pts/7

16:59:18

#vi /etc/security/limits.conf

Пятница (05/29/09)

/dev/pts/8

09:38:45

#dig www.mail.ru

; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-P1 <<>> www.mail.ru
;; global options: +cmd
;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached

/dev/pts/7

09:38:45

#dig www.mail.ru

; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-P1 <<>> www.mail.ru
;; global options: +cmd
;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached

прошло 10 минут

/dev/pts/8

09:48:50

#dig www.пщщgoogle.com

; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-P1 <<>> www.google.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 49729
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 5, AUTHORITY: 7, ADDITIONAL: 7
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.google.com.                        IN      A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.google.com.         102151  IN      CNAME   www.l.google.com.
www.l.google.com.       160     IN      A       74.125.87.99
...
b.l.google.com.         106473  IN      A       74.125.45.9
c.l.google.com.         126517  IN      A       64.233.161.9
d.l.google.com.         85698   IN      A       74.125.77.9
e.l.google.com.         20073   IN      A       209.85.137.9
f.l.google.com.         27883   IN      A       72.14.235.9
g.l.google.com.         85698   IN      A       74.125.95.9
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 10.0.35.1#53(10.0.35.1)
;; WHEN: Fri May 29 09:49:16 2009
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 340

/dev/pts/7

09:48:50

#dig www.пщщgoogle.com

; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-P1 <<>> www.google.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 49729
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 5, AUTHORITY: 7, ADDITIONAL: 7
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.google.com.                        IN      A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.google.com.         102151  IN      CNAME   www.l.google.com.
www.l.google.com.       160     IN      A       74.125.87.99
...
b.l.google.com.         106473  IN      A       74.125.45.9
c.l.google.com.         126517  IN      A       64.233.161.9
d.l.google.com.         85698   IN      A       74.125.77.9
e.l.google.com.         20073   IN      A       209.85.137.9
f.l.google.com.         27883   IN      A       72.14.235.9
g.l.google.com.         85698   IN      A       74.125.95.9
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER: 10.0.35.1#53(10.0.35.1)
;; WHEN: Fri May 29 09:49:16 2009
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 340

/dev/pts/8

09:49:16

#ÑÑssh -l swd crimea-board.info

Password:
Linux crimea-board.info 2.6.27 #1 SMP Fri Oct 10 12:30:02 EEST 2008 i686
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Thu May 28 15:01:39 2009 from chub.in
swd@crimea-board:~$ dig www.mail.ru
; <<>> DiG 9.5.0-P2 <<>> www.mail.ru
...
mail.ru.                3600    IN      NS      ns1.mail.ru.
mail.ru.                3600    IN      NS      ns2.mail.ru.
mail.ru.                3600    IN      NS      ns4.mail.ru.
;; Query time: 452 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Fri May 29 09:56:30 2009
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 200
swd@crimea-board:~$ exit
logout
Connection to crimea-board.info closed.

/dev/pts/7

09:49:16

#ÑÑssh -l swd crimea-board.info

Password:
Linux crimea-board.info 2.6.27 #1 SMP Fri Oct 10 12:30:02 EEST 2008 i686
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Thu May 28 15:01:39 2009 from chub.in
swd@crimea-board:~$ dig www.mail.ru
; <<>> DiG 9.5.0-P2 <<>> www.mail.ru
...
mail.ru.                3600    IN      NS      ns1.mail.ru.
mail.ru.                3600    IN      NS      ns2.mail.ru.
mail.ru.                3600    IN      NS      ns4.mail.ru.
;; Query time: 452 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Fri May 29 09:56:30 2009
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 200
swd@crimea-board:~$ exit
logout
Connection to crimea-board.info closed.

/dev/pts/8

09:55:11

#ÐµÐºÑtraceroute 194.67.57.226

traceroute to 194.67.57.226 (194.67.57.226), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254)  0.908 ms  1.050 ms  1.248 ms
 2  10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1)  0.213 ms  0.183 ms  0.172 ms
 3  192.168.70.1 (192.168.70.1)  7.081 ms  54.165 ms  54.155 ms
 4  ip.194.150.93.65.veer.net.ua (194.150.93.65)  54.068 ms  54.053 ms  54.075 ms
 5  uplink.veer.net.ua (194.150.92.2)  54.035 ms  54.003 ms  53.965 ms
 6  * * *
 7  * * *
 8  * * *
 9  * * *
...
21  * * *
22  * * *
23  * * *
24  * * *
25  * * *
26  * * *
27  * * *
28  * * *
29  * * *
30  * * *

/dev/pts/7

09:55:11

#ÐµÐºÑtraceroute 194.67.57.226

traceroute to 194.67.57.226 (194.67.57.226), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
 1  192.168.15.254 (192.168.15.254)  0.908 ms  1.050 ms  1.248 ms
 2  10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1)  0.213 ms  0.183 ms  0.172 ms
 3  192.168.70.1 (192.168.70.1)  7.081 ms  54.165 ms  54.155 ms
 4  ip.194.150.93.65.veer.net.ua (194.150.93.65)  54.068 ms  54.053 ms  54.075 ms
 5  uplink.veer.net.ua (194.150.92.2)  54.035 ms  54.003 ms  53.965 ms
 6  * * *
 7  * * *
 8  * * *
 9  * * *
...
21  * * *
22  * * *
23  * * *
24  * * *
25  * * *
26  * * *
27  * * *
28  * * *
29  * * *
30  * * *

/dev/pts/8

09:58:21

#apt-get install graphviz

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  update-inetd portmap
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
  libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libltdl7 ttf-liberation
Suggested packages:
  graphviz-doc libgd-tools
...
Unpacking ttf-liberation (from .../ttf-liberation_1.04.93-1_all.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Processing triggers for menu ...
Setting up libgd2-noxpm (2.0.36~rc1~dfsg-3) ...
Setting up libltdl7 (2.2.6a-4) ...
Setting up libgraphviz4 (2.20.2-3+b2) ...
Setting up graphviz (2.20.2-3+b2) ...
Setting up ttf-liberation (1.04.93-1) ...
Updating fontconfig cache for /usr/share/fonts/truetype/ttf-liberation
Processing triggers for menu ...

/dev/pts/7

09:58:21

#apt-get install graphviz

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  update-inetd portmap
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
The following extra packages will be installed:
  libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libltdl7 ttf-liberation
Suggested packages:
  graphviz-doc libgd-tools
...
Unpacking ttf-liberation (from .../ttf-liberation_1.04.93-1_all.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Processing triggers for menu ...
Setting up libgd2-noxpm (2.0.36~rc1~dfsg-3) ...
Setting up libltdl7 (2.2.6a-4) ...
Setting up libgraphviz4 (2.20.2-3+b2) ...
Setting up graphviz (2.20.2-3+b2) ...
Setting up ttf-liberation (1.04.93-1) ...
Updating fontconfig cache for /usr/share/fonts/truetype/ttf-liberation
Processing triggers for menu ...

/dev/pts/8

10:03:53

#apt-get install пймgqview

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  update-inetd portmap
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
Suggested packages:
  gimp xpaint
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  gqview
...
Get:1 http://10.0.35.1 sid/main gqview 2.0.4-5 [868kB]
Fetched 868kB in 0s (3808kB/s)
Selecting previously deselected package gqview.
(Reading database ... 44834 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking gqview (from .../gqview_2.0.4-5_i386.deb) ...
Processing triggers for menu ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Setting up gqview (2.0.4-5) ...
Processing triggers for menu ...

/dev/pts/7

10:03:53

#apt-get install пймgqview

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  update-inetd portmap
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
Suggested packages:
  gimp xpaint
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  gqview
...
Get:1 http://10.0.35.1 sid/main gqview 2.0.4-5 [868kB]
Fetched 868kB in 0s (3808kB/s)
Selecting previously deselected package gqview.
(Reading database ... 44834 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking gqview (from .../gqview_2.0.4-5_i386.deb) ...
Processing triggers for menu ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Setting up gqview (2.0.4-5) ...
Processing triggers for menu ...

/dev/pts/8

10:04:27

#apt-cache dotty samba > samba.dot

/dev/pts/7

10:04:27

#apt-cache dotty samba > samba.dot

/dev/pts/8

10:05:53

#dot -Tpng -o samba.png samba.dot

/dev/pts/7

10:05:53

#dot -Tpng -o samba.png samba.dot

/dev/pts/8

10:06:48

#gqview samba.png

(gqview:4164): Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display:

/dev/pts/7

10:06:48

#gqview samba.png

(gqview:4164): Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display:

/dev/pts/8

10:06:56

#gqview --help

GQview 2.0.4
Usage: gqview [options] [path]
valid options are:
  +t, --with-tools           force show of tools
  -t, --without-tools        force hide of tools
  -f, --fullscreen           start in full screen mode
  -s, --slideshow            start in slideshow mode
  -l, --list                 open collection window for command line
  -r, --remote               send following commands to open window
  -rh,--remote-help          print remote command list
  --debug                    turn on debug output
  -v, --version              print version info
  -h, --help                 show this message

/dev/pts/7

10:06:56

#gqview --help

GQview 2.0.4
Usage: gqview [options] [path]
valid options are:
  +t, --with-tools           force show of tools
  -t, --without-tools        force hide of tools
  -f, --fullscreen           start in full screen mode
  -s, --slideshow            start in slideshow mode
  -l, --list                 open collection window for command line
  -r, --remote               send following commands to open window
  -rh,--remote-help          print remote command list
  --debug                    turn on debug output
  -v, --version              print version info
  -h, --help                 show this message

/dev/pts/8

10:07:11

#cp samba.png /home/user/

/dev/pts/7

10:07:11

#cp samba.png /home/user/

/dev/pts/8

10:11:52

#apt-cache search kde | less

/dev/pts/7

10:11:52

#apt-cache search kde | less

/dev/pts/8

10:12:36

#ls -l

total 684
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    384 2009-05-28 14:13 create_users
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    159 2009-05-28 14:24 del_users
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 193372 2009-05-29 10:12 kde.dot
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  11840 2009-05-29 10:05 samba.dot
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 470854 2009-05-29 10:06 samba.png
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root      0 2009-05-28 14:40 user_list

/dev/pts/7

10:12:36

#ls -l

total 684
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    384 2009-05-28 14:13 create_users
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    159 2009-05-28 14:24 del_users
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 193372 2009-05-29 10:12 kde.dot
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  11840 2009-05-29 10:05 samba.dot
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 470854 2009-05-29 10:06 samba.png
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root      0 2009-05-28 14:40 user_list

/dev/pts/8

10:20:00

#rm kde.*

/dev/pts/7

10:20:00

#rm kde.*

/dev/pts/8

10:23:39

#apt-cache dotty kde-standard > kde.dot

/dev/pts/7

10:23:39

#apt-cache dotty kde-standard > kde.dot

/dev/pts/8

10:28:22

#apt-get autoremove

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  update-inetd portmap
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  portmap update-inetd
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
After this operation, 283kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
(Reading database ... 44834 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing portmap ...
Stopping portmap daemon....
Removing update-inetd ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...

/dev/pts/7

10:28:22

#apt-get autoremove

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  update-inetd portmap
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  portmap update-inetd
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
After this operation, 283kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y
(Reading database ... 44834 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing portmap ...
Stopping portmap daemon....
Removing update-inetd ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...

/dev/pts/8

10:28:44

#traceroute torrents.ru

torrents.ru: Temporary failure in name resolution
Cannot handle "host" cmdline arg `torrents.ru' on position 1 (argc 1)

/dev/pts/7

10:28:44

#traceroute torrents.ru

torrents.ru: Temporary failure in name resolution
Cannot handle "host" cmdline arg `torrents.ru' on position 1 (argc 1)

/dev/pts/8

10:30:40

#dpkg -S `which pstree`

psmisc: /usr/bin/pstree

/dev/pts/7

10:30:40

#dpkg -S `which pstree`

psmisc: /usr/bin/pstree

/dev/pts/8

10:33:19

#dpkg -S `which pstree` | awk 'BEGIN {FS=":"}{print $1}' | xargs dpkg -L | grep bin

/bin
/bin/fuser
/usr/bin
/usr/bin/killall
/usr/bin/pstree
/usr/bin/pstree.x11

/dev/pts/7

10:33:19

#dpkg -S `which pstree` | awk 'BEGIN {FS=":"}{print $1}' | xargs dpkg -L | grep bin

/bin
/bin/fuser
/usr/bin
/usr/bin/killall
/usr/bin/pstree
/usr/bin/pstree.x11

/dev/pts/8

10:39:36

#pgrep bash

/dev/pts/7

10:39:36

#pgrep bash

/dev/pts/8

10:40:02

#pstree.x11 2844

bash
Press return to close

/dev/pts/7

10:40:02

#pstree.x11 2844

bash
Press return to close

/dev/pts/8

10:46:17

#dpkg -S `which pstree` | awk 'BEGIN {FS=":"}{print $1}' | xargs dpkg -L | while read f do file $f

> bash: syntax error: unexpected end of file

/dev/pts/7

10:46:17

#dpkg -S `which pstree` | awk 'BEGIN {FS=":"}{print $1}' | xargs dpkg -L | while read f do file $f

> bash: syntax error: unexpected end of file

/dev/pts/8

10:46:35

#dpkg -S `which pstree` | awk 'BEGIN {FS=":"}{print $1}' | xargs dpkg -L | while read f\

> do
> file $f
> done
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `done'

/dev/pts/7

10:46:35

#dpkg -S `which pstree` | awk 'BEGIN {FS=":"}{print $1}' | xargs dpkg -L | while read f\

> do
> file $f
> done
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `done'

/dev/pts/8

10:47:03

#dpkg -S `which pstree` | awk 'BEGIN {FS=":"}{print $1}' | xargs dpkg -L | while read f do; file $f; done

bash: syntax error near unexpected token `done'

/dev/pts/7

10:47:03

#dpkg -S `which pstree` | awk 'BEGIN {FS=":"}{print $1}' | xargs dpkg -L | while read f do; file $f; done

bash: syntax error near unexpected token `done'

/dev/pts/8

10:47:12

#dpkg -S `which pstree` | awk 'BEGIN {FS=":"}{print $1}' | xargs dpkg -L | while read f \

> do
> echo $f
> done
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `done'

/dev/pts/7

10:47:12

#dpkg -S `which pstree` | awk 'BEGIN {FS=":"}{print $1}' | xargs dpkg -L | while read f \

> do
> echo $f
> done
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `done'

/dev/pts/8

10:49:06

#apt-get install debsums

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  debsums
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 48.2kB of archives.
After this operation, 270kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://10.0.35.1 sid/main debsums 2.0.44 [48.2kB]
Fetched 48.2kB in 0s (2272kB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously deselected package debsums.
(Reading database ... 44813 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking debsums (from .../debsums_2.0.44_all.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Setting up debsums (2.0.44) ...

/dev/pts/7

10:49:06

#apt-get install debsums

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  debsums
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 48.2kB of archives.
After this operation, 270kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://10.0.35.1 sid/main debsums 2.0.44 [48.2kB]
Fetched 48.2kB in 0s (2272kB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously deselected package debsums.
(Reading database ... 44813 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking debsums (from .../debsums_2.0.44_all.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Setting up debsums (2.0.44) ...

/dev/pts/8

10:49:27

#debsums

/usr/share/locale/sl/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-pkg4.7.mo                             OK
/usr/share/locale/sl/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-inst1.1.mo                            OK
/usr/share/locale/nn/LC_MESSAGES/apt.mo                                       OK
/usr/share/locale/nn/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-pkg4.7.mo                             OK
/usr/share/locale/nn/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-inst1.1.mo                            OK
/usr/share/locale/mr/LC_MESSAGES/apt.mo                                       OK
/usr/share/locale/mr/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-pkg4.7.mo                             OK
/usr/share/locale/mr/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-inst1.1.mo                            OK
/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/apt.mo                                    OK
/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-pkg4.7.mo                          OK
...
/usr/bin/apt-sortpkgs                                                         OK
/usr/bin/apt-ftparchive                                                       OK
/usr/bin/apt-extracttemplates                                                 OK
/usr/share/locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                               OK
/usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK
/usr/share/locale/pl/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK
/usr/share/locale/sk/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK
/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                               OK
/usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK
/usr/share/locale/lt/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK

/dev/pts/7

10:49:27

#debsums

/usr/share/locale/sl/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-pkg4.7.mo                             OK
/usr/share/locale/sl/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-inst1.1.mo                            OK
/usr/share/locale/nn/LC_MESSAGES/apt.mo                                       OK
/usr/share/locale/nn/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-pkg4.7.mo                             OK
/usr/share/locale/nn/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-inst1.1.mo                            OK
/usr/share/locale/mr/LC_MESSAGES/apt.mo                                       OK
/usr/share/locale/mr/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-pkg4.7.mo                             OK
/usr/share/locale/mr/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-inst1.1.mo                            OK
/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/apt.mo                                    OK
/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-pkg4.7.mo                          OK
...
/usr/bin/apt-sortpkgs                                                         OK
/usr/bin/apt-ftparchive                                                       OK
/usr/bin/apt-extracttemplates                                                 OK
/usr/share/locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                               OK
/usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK
/usr/share/locale/pl/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK
/usr/share/locale/sk/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK
/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                               OK
/usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK
/usr/share/locale/lt/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK

/dev/pts/8

10:51:17

#debsums | grep -v OK

debsums: no md5sums for at
debsums: no md5sums for binutils
debsums: no md5sums for bzip2
debsums: no md5sums for console-cyrillic
debsums: no md5sums for debian-archive-keyring
debsums: no md5sums for ed
debsums: no md5sums for initscripts
debsums: no md5sums for libbz2-1.0
debsums: no md5sums for libdb4.5
debsums: no md5sums for libgdbm3
debsums: no md5sums for liblockfile1
debsums: no md5sums for lockfile-progs
debsums: no md5sums for mawk
debsums: no md5sums for miscfiles
debsums: no md5sums for module-init-tools
debsums: no md5sums for netbase
debsums: no md5sums for sysv-rc
debsums: no md5sums for sysvinit
debsums: no md5sums for sysvinit-utils

/dev/pts/7

10:51:17

#debsums | grep -v OK

debsums: no md5sums for at
debsums: no md5sums for binutils
debsums: no md5sums for bzip2
debsums: no md5sums for console-cyrillic
debsums: no md5sums for debian-archive-keyring
debsums: no md5sums for ed
debsums: no md5sums for initscripts
debsums: no md5sums for libbz2-1.0
debsums: no md5sums for libdb4.5
debsums: no md5sums for libgdbm3
debsums: no md5sums for liblockfile1
debsums: no md5sums for lockfile-progs
debsums: no md5sums for mawk
debsums: no md5sums for miscfiles
debsums: no md5sums for module-init-tools
debsums: no md5sums for netbase
debsums: no md5sums for sysv-rc
debsums: no md5sums for sysvinit
debsums: no md5sums for sysvinit-utils

/dev/pts/8

10:53:55

#debsums --generate=missing

/usr/share/locale/sl/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-pkg4.7.mo                             OK
/usr/share/locale/sl/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-inst1.1.mo                            OK
/usr/share/locale/nn/LC_MESSAGES/apt.mo                                       OK
/usr/share/locale/nn/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-pkg4.7.mo                             OK
/usr/share/locale/nn/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-inst1.1.mo                            OK
/usr/share/locale/mr/LC_MESSAGES/apt.mo                                       OK
/usr/share/locale/mr/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-pkg4.7.mo                             OK
/usr/share/locale/mr/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-inst1.1.mo                            OK
/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/apt.mo                                    OK
/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/libapt-pkg4.7.mo                          OK
...
/usr/bin/apt-sortpkgs                                                         OK
/usr/bin/apt-ftparchive                                                       OK
/usr/bin/apt-extracttemplates                                                 OK
/usr/share/locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                               OK
/usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK
/usr/share/locale/pl/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK
/usr/share/locale/sk/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK
/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                               OK
/usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK
/usr/share/locale/lt/LC_MESSAGES/aptitude.mo                                  OK

Файлы

/etc/nsswitch.conf

/etc/security/

/etc/security/limits.conf

/etc/nsswitch.conf

# /etc/nsswitch.conf
#
# Example configuration of GNU Name Service Switch functionality.
# If you have the `glibc-doc-reference' and `info' packages installed, try:
# `info libc "Name Service Switch"' for information about this file.
passwd:         compat
group:          compat
shadow:         compat
hosts:          files dns
networks:       files
protocols:      db files
services:       db files
ethers:         db files
rpc:            db files
netgroup:       nis

/etc/security/

access.conf     limits.conf     namespace.init  pam_env.conf    time.conf
group.conf      namespace.conf  opasswd         sepermit.conf

/etc/security/limits.conf

# /etc/security/limits.conf
#
#Each line describes a limit for a user in the form:
#
#<domain>        <type>  <item>  <value>
#
#Where:
#<domain> can be:
#        - an user name
#        - a group name, with @group syntax
#        - the wildcard *, for default entry
#        - the wildcard %, can be also used with %group syntax,
#                 for maxlogin limit
#        - NOTE: group and wildcard limits are not applied to root.
#          To apply a limit to the root user, <domain> must be
#          the literal username root.
#
#<type> can have the two values:
#        - "soft" for enforcing the soft limits
#        - "hard" for enforcing hard limits
#
#<item> can be one of the following:
#        - core - limits the core file size (KB)
#        - data - max data size (KB)
#        - fsize - maximum filesize (KB)
#        - memlock - max locked-in-memory address space (KB)
#        - nofile - max number of open files
#        - rss - max resident set size (KB)
#        - stack - max stack size (KB)
#        - cpu - max CPU time (MIN)
#        - nproc - max number of processes
#        - as - address space limit (KB)
#        - maxlogins - max number of logins for this user
#        - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system
#        - priority - the priority to run user process with
#        - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold
#        - sigpending - max number of pending signals
#        - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes)
#        - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to values: [-20, 19]
#        - rtprio - max realtime priority
#        - chroot - change root to directory (Debian-specific)
#
#<domain>      <type>  <item>         <value>
#
#*               soft    core            0
#root            hard    core            100000
#*               hard    rss             10000
#@student        hard    nproc           20
#@faculty        soft    nproc           20
#@faculty        hard    nproc           50
#ftp             hard    nproc           0
#ftp             -       chroot          /ftp
#@student        -       maxlogins       4
# End of file

Статистика

Время первой команды журнала 16:13:31 2009- 5-28

Время последней команды журнала 10:53:55 2009- 5-29

Количество командных строк в журнале 101

Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % 25.74

Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % 1.98

Суммарное время работы с терминалом ^*, час 2.02

Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин 0.84

Частота использования команд

`dpkg`	12	\|========\| 8.39%
`awk`	10	\|======\| 6.99%
`xargs`	10	\|======\| 6.99%
`setfacl`	10	\|======\| 6.99%
`apt-get`	10	\|======\| 6.99%
`while`	8	\|=====\| 5.59%
`mount`	6	\|====\| 4.20%
`cat`	6	\|====\| 4.20%
`grep`	6	\|====\| 4.20%
`ls`	6	\|====\| 4.20%
`apt-cache`	6	\|====\| 4.20%
`debsums`	5	\|===\| 3.50%
`dig`	4	\|==\| 2.80%
`vi`	4	\|==\| 2.80%
`getfacl`	4	\|==\| 2.80%
`gqview`	4	\|==\| 2.80%
`dot`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`pstree.x11`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`pgrep`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`cp`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`traceroute`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`samba.dot`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`ÐµÐºÑtraceroute`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`rm`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`ÑÑssh`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`df`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`less`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`kde.dot`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`file`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`пуеgetent`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`done`	2	\|=\| 1.40%
`setafcl`	2	\|=\| 1.40%

____
*) Интервалы неактивности длительностью 30 минут и более не учитываются

Справка

Для того чтобы использовать LiLaLo, не нужно знать ничего особенного: всё происходит само собой. Однако, чтобы ведение и последующее использование журналов было как можно более эффективным, желательно иметь в виду следующее:

В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l

bash: l: command not found
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4
Обратите внимание на то, что код завершения команды может быть отличен от нуля не только в тех случаях, когда команда была выполнена с ошибкой. Многие команды используют код завершения, например, для того чтобы показать результаты проверки

Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.

$ find / -name abc

find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C

Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id

uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root)
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc

2a3,5 > if [ -f /usr/local/etc/bash_completion ]; then > . /usr/local/etc/bash_completion > fi
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc
В данном случае изменения применяются к файлу ~/.bashrc
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.

Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
```
$ whoami
```
```
user
```
```
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?
```
в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
```
$ whoami
```
```
user
```
Интересно, кто я?

Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:

$ whoami

user

$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?

Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым 
мы зарегистрировались в системе.
-
Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении 
в этом мире.

В журнале это будет выглядеть так:

$ whoami

user

Интересно, кто я?

Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым
мы зарегистрировались в системе.

Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении
в этом мире.

Для разделения нескольких абзацев между собой используйте символ "-", один в строке.

Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=

Содержимое файла может быть показано в журнале. Для этого его нужно вывести с помощью программы cat. Если вывод команды отметить симоволами #!, содержимое файла будет показано в журнале в специально отведённой для этого секции.

Для того чтобы вставить скриншот интересующего вас окна в журнал, нужно воспользоваться командой l3shot. После того как команда вызвана, нужно с помощью мыши выбрать окно, которое должно быть в журнале.

Команды в журнале расположены в хронологическом порядке. Если две команды давались одна за другой, но на разных терминалах, в журнале они будут рядом, даже если они не имеют друг к другу никакого отношения.
```
1
    2
3   
    4
```
Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.

О программе

LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008

$Id$