/l3/users/max-public/nt-scale/debian3.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 |
|
#fdisk /dev/loop0
![]() Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x69eb0505. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): ^C |
#fdisk /dev/loop0
![]() Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x69eb0505. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): ^C |
#fdisk -l /dev/loop0
![]() Disk /dev/loop0: 1048 MB, 1048576000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 127 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/loop0 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
#fdisk -l /dev/loop0
Disk /dev/loop0: 1048 MB, 1048576000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 127 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/loop0 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
#fdisk
![]() Usage: fdisk [options] <disk> change partition table fdisk [options] -l <disk> list partition table(s) fdisk -s <partition> give partition size(s) in blocks Options: -b <size> sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096) -c switch off DOS-compatible mode -h print help -u <size> give sizes in sectors instead of cylinders -v print version -C <number> specify the number of cylinders -H <number> specify the number of heads -S <number> specify the number of sectors per track |
#fdisk
![]() Usage: fdisk [options] <disk> change partition table fdisk [options] -l <disk> list partition table(s) fdisk -s <partition> give partition size(s) in blocks Options: -b <size> sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096) -c switch off DOS-compatible mode -h print help -u <size> give sizes in sectors instead of cylinders -v print version -C <number> specify the number of cylinders -H <number> specify the number of heads -S <number> specify the number of sectors per track |
#fdisk -l
![]() Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sda5 6687 7295 4883728+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf64ce41d Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System |
#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sda5 6687 7295 4883728+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf64ce41d Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System |
#kpartx
![]() usage : kpartx [-a|-d|-l] [-v] wholedisk -a add partition devmappings -d del partition devmappings -l list partitions devmappings that would be added by -a -p set device name-partition number delimiter -g force GUID partition table (GPT) -v verbose |
#kpartx
![]() usage : kpartx [-a|-d|-l] [-v] wholedisk -a add partition devmappings -d del partition devmappings -l list partitions devmappings that would be added by -a -p set device name-partition number delimiter -g force GUID partition table (GPT) -v verbose |
#kpartx /dev/loop0
![]() /proc/misc: No entry for device-mapper found Is device-mapper driver missing from kernel? loop0p1 : 0 192717 /dev/loop0 63 loop0p2 : 0 385560 /dev/loop0 192780 |
#kpartx /dev/loop0
/proc/misc: No entry for device-mapper found Is device-mapper driver missing from kernel? loop0p1 : 0 192717 /dev/loop0 63 loop0p2 : 0 385560 /dev/loop0 192780 |
#fdisk /dev/loop0
![]() WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): ^C |
#fdisk /dev/loop0
![]() WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): ^C |
#mkfs -t ext3 /dev/loop0p1
![]() mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Could not stat /dev/loop0p1 --- No such file or directory The device apparently does not exist; did you specify it correctly? |
#mkfs -t ext3 /dev/loop0p1
![]() mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Could not stat /dev/loop0p1 --- No such file or directory The device apparently does not exist; did you specify it correctly? |
#fdisk /dev/loop0
![]() WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): ^C |
#fdisk /dev/loop0
![]() WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): ^C |
#fdisk -l
![]() Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended ... I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 197 MB, 197406720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended ... I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 197 MB, 197406720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
#ls -l /dev/mapper/
![]() total 0 crw------- 1 root root 10, 236 Feb 21 10:12 control lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Feb 21 10:15 loop0p1 -> ../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Feb 21 10:15 loop0p2 -> ../dm-1 |
#ls -l /dev/mapper/
total 0 crw------- 1 root root 10, 236 Feb 21 10:12 control lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Feb 21 10:15 loop0p1 -> ../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Feb 21 10:15 loop0p2 -> ../dm-1 |
#mkfs /dev/loop0p1
![]() mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Could not stat /dev/loop0p1 --- No such file or directory The device apparently does not exist; did you specify it correctly? |
#mkfs /dev/loop0p1
![]() mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Could not stat /dev/loop0p1 --- No such file or directory The device apparently does not exist; did you specify it correctly? |
#mkfs /dev/loop0
![]() mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) /dev/loop0 is apparently in use by the system; will not make a filesystem here! |
#mkfs /dev/loop0
![]() mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) /dev/loop0 is apparently in use by the system; will not make a filesystem here! |
#ls -l /dev/mapper/
![]() total 0 crw------- 1 root root 10, 236 Feb 21 10:12 control lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Feb 21 10:15 loop0p1 -> ../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Feb 21 10:15 loop0p2 -> ../dm-1 |
#ls -l /dev/mapper/
total 0 crw------- 1 root root 10, 236 Feb 21 10:12 control lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Feb 21 10:15 loop0p1 -> ../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Feb 21 10:15 loop0p2 -> ../dm-1 |
#mkfs /dev/mapper/loop0p2 -t ext3
![]() mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=1024 (log=0) Fragment size=1024 (log=0) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 48384 inodes, 192780 blocks 9639 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=1 Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008 24 block groups 8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group 2016 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (4096 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 22 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. |
#mkfs /dev/mapper/loop0p2 -t ext3
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=1024 (log=0) Fragment size=1024 (log=0) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 48384 inodes, 192780 blocks 9639 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=1 Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008 24 block groups 8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group 2016 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (4096 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 22 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. |
#fdisk
![]() Usage: fdisk [options] <disk> change partition table fdisk [options] -l <disk> list partition table(s) fdisk -s <partition> give partition size(s) in blocks Options: -b <size> sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096) -c switch off DOS-compatible mode -h print help -u <size> give sizes in sectors instead of cylinders -v print version -C <number> specify the number of cylinders -H <number> specify the number of heads -S <number> specify the number of sectors per track |
#fdisk
![]() Usage: fdisk [options] <disk> change partition table fdisk [options] -l <disk> list partition table(s) fdisk -s <partition> give partition size(s) in blocks Options: -b <size> sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096) -c switch off DOS-compatible mode -h print help -u <size> give sizes in sectors instead of cylinders -v print version -C <number> specify the number of cylinders -H <number> specify the number of heads -S <number> specify the number of sectors per track |
#fdisk -l
![]() Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended ... I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 197 MB, 197406720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended ... I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 197 MB, 197406720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
#fdisk -l
![]() Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended ... I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 197 MB, 197406720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended ... I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 197 MB, 197406720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
#fdisk /dev/loop0
![]() WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): ^C |
#fdisk /dev/loop0
![]() WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): ^C |
#fdisk -l
![]() Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended ... I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 197 MB, 197406720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended ... I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 197 MB, 197406720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
#ls -l /dev/mapper
![]() total 0 crw------- 1 root root 10, 236 Feb 21 10:12 control lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Feb 21 10:20 loop0p1 -> ../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Feb 21 10:22 loop0p2 -> ../dm-1 |
#ls -l /dev/mapper
total 0 crw------- 1 root root 10, 236 Feb 21 10:12 control lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Feb 21 10:20 loop0p1 -> ../dm-0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Feb 21 10:22 loop0p2 -> ../dm-1 |
#fdisk -l
![]() Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended ... I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 197 MB, 197406720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
#fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended ... I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/dm-1: 197 MB, 197406720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 24 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/dm-1 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
#fdisk -l /dev/loop0
![]() Disk /dev/loop0: 1048 MB, 1048576000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 127 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/loop0p1 1 12 96358+ 83 Linux /dev/loop0p2 13 36 192780 83 Linux |
#fdisk -l /dev/loop0
Disk /dev/loop0: 1048 MB, 1048576000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 127 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/loop0p1 1 12 96358+ 83 Linux /dev/loop0p2 13 36 192780 83 Linux |
#mount /dev/mapper/loop0p1 /mnt
![]() |
#df -h /mnt
![]() Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/loop0p1 92M 1.6M 85M 2% /mnt |
#df -h /mnt
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/loop0p1 92M 1.6M 85M 2% /mnt |
#apt-get install mdadm
![]() Unpacking mdadm (from .../mdadm_3.1.4-1+8efb9d1+squeeze1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up mdadm (3.1.4-1+8efb9d1+squeeze1) ... Generating array device nodes... done. Generating mdadm.conf... done. update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Starting MD monitoring service: mdadm --monitor. Assembling MD arrays...done (no arrays found in config file or automatically). Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-2.6.39-bpo.2-686-pae W: mdadm: /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf defines no arrays. W: mdadm: no arrays defined in configuration file. |
#apt-get install mdadm
Unpacking mdadm (from .../mdadm_3.1.4-1+8efb9d1+squeeze1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up mdadm (3.1.4-1+8efb9d1+squeeze1) ... Generating array device nodes... done. Generating mdadm.conf... done. update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Starting MD monitoring service: mdadm --monitor. Assembling MD arrays...done (no arrays found in config file or automatically). Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-2.6.39-bpo.2-686-pae W: mdadm: /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf defines no arrays. W: mdadm: no arrays defined in configuration file. |
#dd -if=/dev/zero bs=1024k count=100 -of=/tmp/disk1.img
![]() dd: invalid option -- 'i' Try `dd --help' for more information. |
#dd -if=/dev/zero bs=1024k count=100 -of=/tmp/disk1.img
![]() dd: invalid option -- 'i' Try `dd --help' for more information. |
#dd if=/dev/zero bs=1024k count=100 of=/tmp/disk1.img
![]() 100+0 records in 100+0 records out 104857600 bytes (105 MB) copied, 0.242695 s, 432 MB/s |
#dd if=/dev/zero bs=1024k count=100 of=/tmp/disk1.img
100+0 records in 100+0 records out 104857600 bytes (105 MB) copied, 0.242695 s, 432 MB/s |
#dd if=/dev/zero bs=1024k count=100 of=/tmp/disk2.img
![]() 100+0 records in 100+0 records out 104857600 bytes (105 MB) copied, 0.225552 s, 465 MB/s |
#dd if=/dev/zero bs=1024k count=100 of=/tmp/disk2.img
100+0 records in 100+0 records out 104857600 bytes (105 MB) copied, 0.225552 s, 465 MB/s |
#losetup
![]() Usage: losetup loop_device give info losetup -a | --all list all used losetup -d | --detach <loopdev> [<loopdev> ...] delete losetup -f | --find find unused losetup -c | --set-capacity <loopdev> resize losetup -j | --associated <file> [-o <num>] list all associated with <file> losetup [ options ] {-f|--find|loopdev} <file> setup Options: -e | --encryption <type> enable data encryption with specified <name/num> ... -p | --pass-fd <num> read passphrase from file descriptor <num> -r | --read-only setup read-only loop device --show print device name (with -f <file>) -N | --nohashpass Do not hash the given password (Debian hashes) -k | --keybits <num> specify number of bits in the hashed key given to the cipher. Some ciphers support several key sizes and might be more efficient with a smaller key size. Key sizes < 128 are generally not recommended -v | --verbose verbose mode |
#losetup
![]() Usage: losetup loop_device give info losetup -a | --all list all used losetup -d | --detach <loopdev> [<loopdev> ...] delete losetup -f | --find find unused losetup -c | --set-capacity <loopdev> resize losetup -j | --associated <file> [-o <num>] list all associated with <file> losetup [ options ] {-f|--find|loopdev} <file> setup Options: -e | --encryption <type> enable data encryption with specified <name/num> ... -p | --pass-fd <num> read passphrase from file descriptor <num> -r | --read-only setup read-only loop device --show print device name (with -f <file>) -N | --nohashpass Do not hash the given password (Debian hashes) -k | --keybits <num> specify number of bits in the hashed key given to the cipher. Some ciphers support several key sizes and might be more efficient with a smaller key size. Key sizes < 128 are generally not recommended -v | --verbose verbose mode |
#losetup -d /dev/loop0
![]() loop: can't delete device /dev/loop0: Device or resource busy |
#losetup -d /dev/loop0
![]() loop: can't delete device /dev/loop0: Device or resource busy |
#losetup -d /dev/loop0
![]() loop: can't delete device /dev/loop0: Device or resource busy |
#losetup -d /dev/loop0
![]() loop: can't delete device /dev/loop0: Device or resource busy |
#losetup -d /dev/loop0
![]() loop: can't delete device /dev/loop0: Device or resource busy |
#losetup -d /dev/loop0
![]() loop: can't delete device /dev/loop0: Device or resource busy |
Personalities : unused devices: <none>
Время первой команды журнала | 09:10:20 2012- 2-21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 09:40:56 2012- 2-21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 25.74 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 5.94 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.51 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 3.30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
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В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
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Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
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Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008