/l3/users/max-public/nt-scale/debian3.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 |
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#Personalities : [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
![]() Usage: losetup loop_device give info losetup -a | --all list all used losetup -d | --detach <loopdev> [<loopdev> ...] delete losetup -f | --find find unused losetup -c | --set-capacity <loopdev> resize losetup -j | --associated <file> [-o <num>] list all associated with <file> losetup [ options ] {-f|--find|loopdev} <file> setup Options: -e | --encryption <type> enable data encryption with specified <name/num> ... -p | --pass-fd <num> read passphrase from file descriptor <num> -r | --read-only setup read-only loop device --show print device name (with -f <file>) -N | --nohashpass Do not hash the given password (Debian hashes) -k | --keybits <num> specify number of bits in the hashed key given to the cipher. Some ciphers support several key sizes and might be more efficient with a smaller key size. Key sizes < 128 are generally not recommended -v | --verbose verbose mode |
#Personalities : [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4]
![]() Usage: losetup loop_device give info losetup -a | --all list all used losetup -d | --detach <loopdev> [<loopdev> ...] delete losetup -f | --find find unused losetup -c | --set-capacity <loopdev> resize losetup -j | --associated <file> [-o <num>] list all associated with <file> losetup [ options ] {-f|--find|loopdev} <file> setup Options: -e | --encryption <type> enable data encryption with specified <name/num> ... -p | --pass-fd <num> read passphrase from file descriptor <num> -r | --read-only setup read-only loop device --show print device name (with -f <file>) -N | --nohashpass Do not hash the given password (Debian hashes) -k | --keybits <num> specify number of bits in the hashed key given to the cipher. Some ciphers support several key sizes and might be more efficient with a smaller key size. Key sizes < 128 are generally not recommended -v | --verbose verbose mode |
#losetup -a
![]() /dev/loop0: [0801]:1736744 (/tmp/disk1.img) /dev/loop1: [0801]:1736745 (/tmp/disk2.img) /dev/loop2: [0801]:1736752 (/tmp/disk3.img) /dev/loop3: [0801]:1736755 (/tmp/disk4.img) |
#losetup -a
/dev/loop0: [0801]:1736744 (/tmp/disk1.img) /dev/loop1: [0801]:1736745 (/tmp/disk2.img) /dev/loop2: [0801]:1736752 (/tmp/disk3.img) /dev/loop3: [0801]:1736755 (/tmp/disk4.img) |
#cat /etc/fstab
![]() # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=d1d3fe1c-0e10-4948-816a-9c9d9edc4f8b / ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation UUID=a698fa73-0488-4628-9b99-5c4f3cacf26a none swap sw 0 0 /dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 #UUID=bfb9b743-da37-434a-8d13-f88eb9cec00a /data ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1 |
#cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=d1d3fe1c-0e10-4948-816a-9c9d9edc4f8b / ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation UUID=a698fa73-0488-4628-9b99-5c4f3cacf26a none swap sw 0 0 /dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 #UUID=bfb9b743-da37-434a-8d13-f88eb9cec00a /data ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1 |
#fdisk
![]() Usage: fdisk [options] <disk> change partition table fdisk [options] -l <disk> list partition table(s) fdisk -s <partition> give partition size(s) in blocks Options: -b <size> sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096) -c switch off DOS-compatible mode -h print help -u <size> give sizes in sectors instead of cylinders -v print version -C <number> specify the number of cylinders -H <number> specify the number of heads -S <number> specify the number of sectors per track |
#fdisk
![]() Usage: fdisk [options] <disk> change partition table fdisk [options] -l <disk> list partition table(s) fdisk -s <partition> give partition size(s) in blocks Options: -b <size> sector size (512, 1024, 2048 or 4096) -c switch off DOS-compatible mode -h print help -u <size> give sizes in sectors instead of cylinders -v print version -C <number> specify the number of cylinders -H <number> specify the number of heads -S <number> specify the number of sectors per track |
#sfdisk
![]() sfdisk (util-linux-ng 2.17.2) Usage: sfdisk [options] device ... device: something like /dev/hda or /dev/sda useful options: -s [or --show-size]: list size of a partition -c [or --id]: print or change partition Id -l [or --list]: list partitions of each device -d [or --dump]: idem, but in a format suitable for later input -i [or --increment]: number cylinders etc. from 1 instead of from 0 -uS, -uB, -uC, -uM: accept/report in units of sectors/blocks/cylinders/MB ... -x [or --show-extended]: also list extended partitions on output or expect descriptors for them on input -L [or --Linux]: do not complain about things irrelevant for Linux -q [or --quiet]: suppress warning messages You can override the detected geometry using: -C# [or --cylinders #]:set the number of cylinders to use -H# [or --heads #]: set the number of heads to use -S# [or --sectors #]: set the number of sectors to use You can disable all consistency checking with: -f [or --force]: do what I say, even if it is stupid |
#sfdisk
![]() sfdisk (util-linux-ng 2.17.2) Usage: sfdisk [options] device ... device: something like /dev/hda or /dev/sda useful options: -s [or --show-size]: list size of a partition -c [or --id]: print or change partition Id -l [or --list]: list partitions of each device -d [or --dump]: idem, but in a format suitable for later input -i [or --increment]: number cylinders etc. from 1 instead of from 0 -uS, -uB, -uC, -uM: accept/report in units of sectors/blocks/cylinders/MB ... -x [or --show-extended]: also list extended partitions on output or expect descriptors for them on input -L [or --Linux]: do not complain about things irrelevant for Linux -q [or --quiet]: suppress warning messages You can override the detected geometry using: -C# [or --cylinders #]:set the number of cylinders to use -H# [or --heads #]: set the number of heads to use -S# [or --sectors #]: set the number of sectors to use You can disable all consistency checking with: -f [or --force]: do what I say, even if it is stupid |
#sfdisk -l
![]() Disk /dev/sda: 60801 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary. DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently. Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sda1 0+ 6078- 6079- 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6078+ 6686- 608- 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6686+ 7294- 608 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sda4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sda5 6686+ 7294- 608- 4883728+ 83 Linux ... Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 0+ 6078- 6079- 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 6078+ 6686- 608- 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb3 6686+ 7294- 608 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb5 6686+ 7294- 608- 4883728+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/md0: 1220673 cylinders, 2 heads, 4 sectors/track sfdisk: ERROR: sector 0 does not have an msdos signature /dev/md0: unrecognized partition table type No partitions found |
#sfdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 60801 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary. DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently. Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sda1 0+ 6078- 6079- 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6078+ 6686- 608- 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6686+ 7294- 608 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sda4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sda5 6686+ 7294- 608- 4883728+ 83 Linux ... Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 0+ 6078- 6079- 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 6078+ 6686- 608- 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb3 6686+ 7294- 608 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb5 6686+ 7294- 608- 4883728+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/md0: 1220673 cylinders, 2 heads, 4 sectors/track sfdisk: ERROR: sector 0 does not have an msdos signature /dev/md0: unrecognized partition table type No partitions found |
#mdadm --examine --scan
![]() ARRAY /dev/md/0 metadata=1.2 UUID=32839b1b:b7b85ad1:a7700752:89bddeae name=debian3:0 ARRAY /dev/md/0 metadata=1.2 UUID=c273959e:1b77a296:a6b4f063:d496a45a name=debian3:0 |
#mdadm --examine --scan
ARRAY /dev/md/0 metadata=1.2 UUID=32839b1b:b7b85ad1:a7700752:89bddeae name=debian3:0 ARRAY /dev/md/0 metadata=1.2 UUID=c273959e:1b77a296:a6b4f063:d496a45a name=debian3:0 |
#fdisk -l /dev/sdb
![]() Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 6687 7295 4883728+ 83 Linux |
#fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000b4942 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 6079 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 6079 6687 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb3 6687 7295 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 6687 7295 4883728+ 83 Linux |
#mkfs /dev/sdb1 -t ext3
![]() mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 3055616 inodes, 12206848 blocks 610342 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=0 373 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 20 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. |
#mkfs /dev/sdb1 -t ext3
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 3055616 inodes, 12206848 blocks 610342 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=0 373 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424 Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done This filesystem will be automatically checked every 20 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. |
#sfdisk
![]() sfdisk (util-linux-ng 2.17.2) Usage: sfdisk [options] device ... device: something like /dev/hda or /dev/sda useful options: -s [or --show-size]: list size of a partition -c [or --id]: print or change partition Id -l [or --list]: list partitions of each device -d [or --dump]: idem, but in a format suitable for later input -i [or --increment]: number cylinders etc. from 1 instead of from 0 -uS, -uB, -uC, -uM: accept/report in units of sectors/blocks/cylinders/MB ... -x [or --show-extended]: also list extended partitions on output or expect descriptors for them on input -L [or --Linux]: do not complain about things irrelevant for Linux -q [or --quiet]: suppress warning messages You can override the detected geometry using: -C# [or --cylinders #]:set the number of cylinders to use -H# [or --heads #]: set the number of heads to use -S# [or --sectors #]: set the number of sectors to use You can disable all consistency checking with: -f [or --force]: do what I say, even if it is stupid |
#sfdisk
![]() sfdisk (util-linux-ng 2.17.2) Usage: sfdisk [options] device ... device: something like /dev/hda or /dev/sda useful options: -s [or --show-size]: list size of a partition -c [or --id]: print or change partition Id -l [or --list]: list partitions of each device -d [or --dump]: idem, but in a format suitable for later input -i [or --increment]: number cylinders etc. from 1 instead of from 0 -uS, -uB, -uC, -uM: accept/report in units of sectors/blocks/cylinders/MB ... -x [or --show-extended]: also list extended partitions on output or expect descriptors for them on input -L [or --Linux]: do not complain about things irrelevant for Linux -q [or --quiet]: suppress warning messages You can override the detected geometry using: -C# [or --cylinders #]:set the number of cylinders to use -H# [or --heads #]: set the number of heads to use -S# [or --sectors #]: set the number of sectors to use You can disable all consistency checking with: -f [or --force]: do what I say, even if it is stupid |
#sfdisk -l
![]() Disk /dev/sda: 60801 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary. DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently. Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sda1 0+ 6078- 6079- 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6078+ 6686- 608- 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6686+ 7294- 608 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sda4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sda5 6686+ 7294- 608- 4883728+ 83 Linux ... Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 0+ 6078- 6079- 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 6078+ 6686- 608- 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb3 6686+ 7294- 608 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb5 6686+ 7294- 608- 4883728+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/md0: 1220673 cylinders, 2 heads, 4 sectors/track sfdisk: ERROR: sector 0 does not have an msdos signature /dev/md0: unrecognized partition table type No partitions found |
#sfdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 60801 cylinders, 255 heads, 63 sectors/track Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary. DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently. Units = cylinders of 8225280 bytes, blocks of 1024 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sda1 0+ 6078- 6079- 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sda2 6078+ 6686- 608- 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3 6686+ 7294- 608 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sda4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sda5 6686+ 7294- 608- 4883728+ 83 Linux ... Device Boot Start End #cyls #blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 0+ 6078- 6079- 48827392 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 6078+ 6686- 608- 4882432 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb3 6686+ 7294- 608 4883760 5 Extended /dev/sdb4 0 - 0 0 0 Empty /dev/sdb5 6686+ 7294- 608- 4883728+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/md0: 1220673 cylinders, 2 heads, 4 sectors/track sfdisk: ERROR: sector 0 does not have an msdos signature /dev/md0: unrecognized partition table type No partitions found |
#cat /proc/mdstat
![]() Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sda5[0] sdb5[1] 4882692 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> |
#cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sda5[0] sdb5[1] 4882692 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none> |
#ping ukr.net
![]() PING ukr.net (195.214.195.105) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- ukr.net ping statistics --- 10 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 8999ms |
#ping ukr.net
![]() PING ukr.net (195.214.195.105) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- ukr.net ping statistics --- 10 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 8999ms |
#ping google.com
![]() PING google.com (209.85.148.138) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 31 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 30239ms |
#ping google.com
![]() PING google.com (209.85.148.138) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 31 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 30239ms |
#route -n
![]() Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#route -n
![]() Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#ping google.com
![]() PING google.com (209.85.148.139) 56(84) bytes of data. From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=2 Redirect Host(New nexthop: 10.0.3.4) From 10.0.35.1 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.0.35.1 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable ^CFrom 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=3 Redirect Host(New nexthop: 10.0.3.4) From 10.0.35.1 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable --- google.com ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 21021ms pipe 3 |
#ping google.com
![]() PING google.com (209.85.148.139) 56(84) bytes of data. From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=2 Redirect Host(New nexthop: 10.0.3.4) From 10.0.35.1 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.0.35.1 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable ^CFrom 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=3 Redirect Host(New nexthop: 10.0.3.4) From 10.0.35.1 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable --- google.com ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 21021ms pipe 3 |
#traceroute google.com.ua
![]() traceroute to google.com.ua (209.85.148.94), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) 0.427 ms 0.393 ms 0.331 ms 2 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) 3003.814 ms !H * * |
#traceroute google.com.ua
traceroute to google.com.ua (209.85.148.94), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) 0.427 ms 0.393 ms 0.331 ms 2 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) 3003.814 ms !H * * |
#ping google.com
![]() PING google.com (209.85.148.100) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3022ms |
#ping google.com
PING google.com (209.85.148.100) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3022ms |
#route -n
![]() Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#ping google.com
![]() PING google.com (209.85.148.113) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=1 ttl=58 time=39.8 ms From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=2 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=2 ttl=58 time=38.5 ms From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=3 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=3 ttl=58 time=38.6 ms From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=4 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=4 ttl=58 time=38.8 ms From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=5 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=5 ttl=58 time=38.7 ms ... 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=55 ttl=58 time=38.6 ms From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=56 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=56 ttl=58 time=38.6 ms From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=57 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=57 ttl=58 time=38.6 ms ^CFrom 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=58 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=58 ttl=58 time=38.5 ms --- google.com ping statistics --- 58 packets transmitted, 58 received, 0% packet loss, time 118222ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 38.350/38.704/40.745/0.429 ms |
#ping google.com
PING google.com (209.85.148.113) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=1 ttl=58 time=39.8 ms From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=2 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=2 ttl=58 time=38.5 ms From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=3 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=3 ttl=58 time=38.6 ms From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=4 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=4 ttl=58 time=38.8 ms From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=5 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=5 ttl=58 time=38.7 ms ... 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=55 ttl=58 time=38.6 ms From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=56 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=56 ttl=58 time=38.6 ms From 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=57 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=57 ttl=58 time=38.6 ms ^CFrom 10.0.35.1: icmp_seq=58 Redirect Host(New nexthop: astercom.local (10.0.64.155)) 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=58 ttl=58 time=38.5 ms --- google.com ping statistics --- 58 packets transmitted, 58 received, 0% packet loss, time 118222ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 38.350/38.704/40.745/0.429 ms |
#ping xgu.ru
![]() PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 9 packets transmitted, 0 received, +5 errors, 100% packet loss, time 8048ms pipe 3 |
#ping xgu.ru
![]() PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 9 packets transmitted, 0 received, +5 errors, 100% packet loss, time 8048ms pipe 3 |
#route -n
![]() Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#ping xgu.ru
![]() PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=8 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=9 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 10 packets transmitted, 0 received, +8 errors, 100% packet loss, time 9046ms pipe 3 |
#ping xgu.ru
![]() PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=8 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=9 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 10 packets transmitted, 0 received, +8 errors, 100% packet loss, time 9046ms pipe 3 |
#ping google.com
![]() PING google.com (209.85.148.139) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=8 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=9 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=10 Destination Host Unreachable ... From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=22 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=23 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=24 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=25 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=26 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=27 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 30 packets transmitted, 0 received, +25 errors, 100% packet loss, time 29160ms pipe 3 |
#ping google.com
![]() PING google.com (209.85.148.139) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=8 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=9 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=10 Destination Host Unreachable ... From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=22 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=23 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=24 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=25 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=26 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=27 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 30 packets transmitted, 0 received, +25 errors, 100% packet loss, time 29160ms pipe 3 |
#route -n
![]() Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#ping 10.0.35.1
![]() PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.406 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.239 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=0.346 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_req=4 ttl=64 time=0.232 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_req=5 ttl=64 time=0.357 ms ^C --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.232/0.316/0.406/0.068 ms |
#ping 10.0.35.1
PING 10.0.35.1 (10.0.35.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.406 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.239 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=0.346 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_req=4 ttl=64 time=0.232 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.35.1: icmp_req=5 ttl=64 time=0.357 ms ^C --- 10.0.35.1 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.232/0.316/0.406/0.068 ms |
#route -n
![]() Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#ping google.com
![]() PING google.com (209.85.148.100) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=1 ttl=57 time=38.7 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=2 ttl=57 time=40.2 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=3 ttl=57 time=38.7 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=4 ttl=57 time=38.7 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=5 ttl=57 time=38.4 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=6 ttl=57 time=38.5 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=7 ttl=57 time=38.7 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=8 ttl=57 time=38.5 ms ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 8 packets transmitted, 8 received, 0% packet loss, time 7007ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 38.497/38.858/40.270/0.572 ms |
#ping google.com
PING google.com (209.85.148.100) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=1 ttl=57 time=38.7 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=2 ttl=57 time=40.2 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=3 ttl=57 time=38.7 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=4 ttl=57 time=38.7 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=5 ttl=57 time=38.4 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=6 ttl=57 time=38.5 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=7 ttl=57 time=38.7 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f100.1e100.net (209.85.148.100): icmp_req=8 ttl=57 time=38.5 ms ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 8 packets transmitted, 8 received, 0% packet loss, time 7007ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 38.497/38.858/40.270/0.572 ms |
#ping xgu.ru
![]() PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=7 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=8 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=10 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=11 Destination Host Unreachable ... From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=27 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=28 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=29 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=30 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=31 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=32 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 33 packets transmitted, 0 received, +28 errors, 100% packet loss, time 32146ms pipe 3 |
#ping xgu.ru
![]() PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=7 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=8 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=10 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=11 Destination Host Unreachable ... From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=27 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=28 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=29 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=30 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=31 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=32 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 33 packets transmitted, 0 received, +28 errors, 100% packet loss, time 32146ms pipe 3 |
#ping google.com
![]() PING google.com (209.85.148.102) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=7 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 9 packets transmitted, 0 received, +7 errors, 100% packet loss, time 8039ms pipe 3 |
#ping google.com
![]() PING google.com (209.85.148.102) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=7 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 9 packets transmitted, 0 received, +7 errors, 100% packet loss, time 8039ms pipe 3 |
#ping google.com
![]() PING google.com (209.85.148.113) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=1 ttl=57 time=38.7 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=2 ttl=57 time=38.6 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=3 ttl=57 time=38.6 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=4 ttl=57 time=38.6 ms ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 38.633/38.684/38.769/0.051 ms |
#ping google.com
PING google.com (209.85.148.113) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=1 ttl=57 time=38.7 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=2 ttl=57 time=38.6 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=3 ttl=57 time=38.6 ms 64 bytes from fra07s07-in-f113.1e100.net (209.85.148.113): icmp_req=4 ttl=57 time=38.6 ms ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 38.633/38.684/38.769/0.051 ms |
#route -n
![]() Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#ping ya.ru
PING ya.ru (87.250.250.3) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.3): icmp_req=1 ttl=58 time=22.1 ms 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.3): icmp_req=2 ttl=58 time=22.1 ms 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.3): icmp_req=3 ttl=58 time=22.2 ms 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.3): icmp_req=4 ttl=58 time=22.6 ms 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.3): icmp_req=5 ttl=58 time=22.3 ms 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.3): icmp_req=6 ttl=58 time=22.4 ms 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (87.250.250.3): icmp_req=7 ttl=58 time=22.1 ms ^C --- ya.ru ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 7 received, 0% packet loss, time 6006ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 22.147/22.308/22.655/0.226 ms |
#ping xgu.ru
![]() PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=8 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=9 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 10 packets transmitted, 0 received, +6 errors, 100% packet loss, time 9000ms pipe 2 |
#ping xgu.ru
![]() PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=8 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=9 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 10 packets transmitted, 0 received, +6 errors, 100% packet loss, time 9000ms pipe 2 |
#ping xgu.ru
![]() PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=9 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=11 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=12 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 14 packets transmitted, 0 received, +5 errors, 100% packet loss, time 13070ms pipe 2 |
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 1 0 0 eth1 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
#traceroute -I -n xgu.ru
![]() traceroute to xgu.ru (91.205.16.235), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets^C |
#ps aux | grep etwork
root 1559 0.0 0.0 16016 4064 ? Ssl 12:56 0:00 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager root 1883 0.0 0.0 2384 1112 ? S 12:56 0:00 /sbin/dhclient -d -4 -sf /usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action -pf /var/run/dhclient-eth1.pid -lf /var/lib/dhcp/dhclient-9ef9c645-acf3-49c3-9974-6abc207dbbc0-eth1.lease -cf /var/run/nm-dhclient-eth1.conf eth1 root 2986 0.0 0.0 3912 732 pts/7 S+ 14:14 0:00 grep etwork |
#kill 1883
|
#/etc/init.d/network-manager stop
Stopping network connection manager: NetworkManager. |
#ls /etc/rc2.d/*network*
/etc/rc2.d/S19network-manager |
#mv /etc/rc2.d/{S,s}19network-manager
|
#ps aux | grep mana
![]() root 1566 0.0 0.0 4232 2360 ? S 12:56 0:00 /usr/sbin/modem-manager user 1944 0.0 0.0 26064 6584 ? Ssl 12:57 0:00 x-session-manager user 1980 0.0 0.0 3288 204 ? Ss 12:57 0:00 /usr/bin/ssh-agent /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session /usr/bin/seahorse-agent --execute x-session-manager user 1983 0.0 0.0 3340 520 ? S 12:57 0:00 /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session /usr/bin/seahorse-agent --execute x-session-manager user 1994 0.0 0.0 19172 5744 ? Ss 12:57 0:00 /usr/bin/seahorse-agent --execute x-session-manager user 2009 0.0 0.0 18320 7032 ? S 12:57 0:00 gnome-power-manager root 3044 0.0 0.0 3912 736 pts/3 S+ 14:14 0:00 grep mana |
#ps aux | grep mana
root 1566 0.0 0.0 4232 2360 ? S 12:56 0:00 /usr/sbin/modem-manager user 1944 0.0 0.0 26064 6584 ? Ssl 12:57 0:00 x-session-manager user 1980 0.0 0.0 3288 204 ? Ss 12:57 0:00 /usr/bin/ssh-agent /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session /usr/bin/seahorse-agent --execute x-session-manager user 1983 0.0 0.0 3340 520 ? S 12:57 0:00 /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session /usr/bin/seahorse-agent --execute x-session-manager user 1994 0.0 0.0 19172 5744 ? Ss 12:57 0:00 /usr/bin/seahorse-agent --execute x-session-manager user 2009 0.0 0.0 18320 7032 ? S 12:57 0:00 gnome-power-manager root 3044 0.0 0.0 3912 736 pts/3 S+ 14:14 0:00 grep mana |
#ls -l /etc/rc2.d/
![]() README S17sudo S18dbus S19avahi-daemon S20saned S14portmap S18acpid S18exim4 S19bluetooth S21bootlogs S15nfs-common S18anacron S18loadcpufreq S19cpufrequtils S22rc.local S17binfmt-support S18atd S18mdadm s19network-manager S22rmnologin S17rsyslog S18cron S18ssh S20gdm3 S22stop-bootlogd |
#ls -l /etc/rc2.d/
![]() total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 677 Jan 1 2011 README lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 02:32 S14portmap -> ../init.d/portmap lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Feb 20 02:32 S15nfs-common -> ../init.d/nfs-common lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Feb 20 12:18 S17binfmt-support -> ../init.d/binfmt-support lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 02:32 S17rsyslog -> ../init.d/rsyslog lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 20 11:58 S17sudo -> ../init.d/sudo lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Feb 20 02:32 S18acpid -> ../init.d/acpid lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 12:18 S18anacron -> ../init.d/anacron lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Feb 20 02:32 S18atd -> ../init.d/atd ... lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 20 12:18 S19avahi-daemon -> ../init.d/avahi-daemon lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Feb 20 12:18 S19bluetooth -> ../init.d/bluetooth lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 20 12:18 S19cpufrequtils -> ../init.d/cpufrequtils lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Feb 20 12:18 s19network-manager -> ../init.d/network-manager lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 20 12:18 S20gdm3 -> ../init.d/gdm3 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Feb 20 12:19 S20saned -> ../init.d/saned lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Feb 20 12:18 S21bootlogs -> ../init.d/bootlogs lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Feb 20 12:18 S22rc.local -> ../init.d/rc.local lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Feb 20 12:18 S22rmnologin -> ../init.d/rmnologin lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Feb 20 12:18 S22stop-bootlogd -> ../init.d/stop-bootlogd |
#ls -l /etc/rc2.d/
![]() README S17sudo S18dbus S19avahi-daemon S20saned S14portmap S18acpid S18exim4 S19bluetooth S21bootlogs S15nfs-common S18anacron S18loadcpufreq S19cpufrequtils S22rc.local S17binfmt-support S18atd S18mdadm s19network-manager S22rmnologin S17rsyslog S18cron S18ssh S20gdm3 S22stop-bootlogd |
#ls -l /etc/rc2.d/
total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 677 Jan 1 2011 README lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 02:32 S14portmap -> ../init.d/portmap lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Feb 20 02:32 S15nfs-common -> ../init.d/nfs-common lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Feb 20 12:18 S17binfmt-support -> ../init.d/binfmt-support lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 02:32 S17rsyslog -> ../init.d/rsyslog lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 20 11:58 S17sudo -> ../init.d/sudo lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Feb 20 02:32 S18acpid -> ../init.d/acpid lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 12:18 S18anacron -> ../init.d/anacron lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Feb 20 02:32 S18atd -> ../init.d/atd ... lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 20 12:18 S19avahi-daemon -> ../init.d/avahi-daemon lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Feb 20 12:18 S19bluetooth -> ../init.d/bluetooth lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 20 12:18 S19cpufrequtils -> ../init.d/cpufrequtils lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Feb 20 12:18 s19network-manager -> ../init.d/network-manager lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 20 12:18 S20gdm3 -> ../init.d/gdm3 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Feb 20 12:19 S20saned -> ../init.d/saned lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Feb 20 12:18 S21bootlogs -> ../init.d/bootlogs lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Feb 20 12:18 S22rc.local -> ../init.d/rc.local lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Feb 20 12:18 S22rmnologin -> ../init.d/rmnologin lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Feb 20 12:18 S22stop-bootlogd -> ../init.d/stop-bootlogd |
#ls /etc/rc2.d/*network&
[1] 3060 ls: cannot access /etc/rc2.d/*network: No such file or directory [1]+ Exit 2 ls /etc/rc2.d/*network |
#ls /etc/rc2.d/*network*
/etc/rc2.d/s19network-manager |
#ls -l /etc/rc2.d/netword
![]() ls: cannot access /etc/rc2.d/netword: No such file or directory |
#ls -l /etc/rc2.d/netword
![]() ls: cannot access /etc/rc2.d/netword: No such file or directory |
# /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=d1d3fe1c-0e10-4948-816a-9c9d9edc4f8b / ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda2 during installation UUID=a698fa73-0488-4628-9b99-5c4f3cacf26a none swap sw 0 0 /dev/scd0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 #UUID=bfb9b743-da37-434a-8d13-f88eb9cec00a /data ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sda5[0] sdb5[1] 4882692 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU] unused devices: <none>
Время первой команды журнала | 11:49:35 2012- 2-21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Время последней команды журнала | 13:15:23 2012- 2-21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 31.68 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.69 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 2.43 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Частота использования команд |
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В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1 2 3 4Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией. Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды. Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса, нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008