13:15:23
|
#ls -l /etc/rc2.d/netword
ls: cannot access /etc/rc2.d/netword: No such file or directory |
| /l3/users/max-public/nt-scale/debian3.unix.nt/root :1 :2 :3 :4 :5 :6 :7 :8 :9 :10 :11 :12 :13 :14 :15 :16 :17 :18 :19 :20 :21 :22 :23 :24 :25 |
|
|
#ls -l /etc/rc2.d/netword
ls: cannot access /etc/rc2.d/netword: No such file or directory |
|
#ls -l /etc/rc2.d/network
ls: cannot access /etc/rc2.d/network: No such file or directory |
|
#ls -l /etc/rc2.d/network
ls: cannot access /etc/rc2.d/network: No such file or directory |
|
#ls -l /etc/rc2.d/
total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 677 Jan 1 2011 README lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 02:32 S14portmap -> ../init.d/portmap lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Feb 20 02:32 S15nfs-common -> ../init.d/nfs-common lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Feb 20 12:18 S17binfmt-support -> ../init.d/binfmt-support lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 02:32 S17rsyslog -> ../init.d/rsyslog lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 20 11:58 S17sudo -> ../init.d/sudo lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Feb 20 02:32 S18acpid -> ../init.d/acpid lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 12:18 S18anacron -> ../init.d/anacron lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Feb 20 02:32 S18atd -> ../init.d/atd ... lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 20 12:18 S19avahi-daemon -> ../init.d/avahi-daemon lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Feb 20 12:18 S19bluetooth -> ../init.d/bluetooth lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 20 12:18 S19cpufrequtils -> ../init.d/cpufrequtils lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Feb 20 12:18 s19network-manager -> ../init.d/network-manager lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 20 12:18 S20gdm3 -> ../init.d/gdm3 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Feb 20 12:19 S20saned -> ../init.d/saned lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Feb 20 12:18 S21bootlogs -> ../init.d/bootlogs lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Feb 20 12:18 S22rc.local -> ../init.d/rc.local lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Feb 20 12:18 S22rmnologin -> ../init.d/rmnologin lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Feb 20 12:18 S22stop-bootlogd -> ../init.d/stop-bootlogd |
|
#ls -l /etc/rc2.d/
total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 677 Jan 1 2011 README lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 02:32 S14portmap -> ../init.d/portmap lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Feb 20 02:32 S15nfs-common -> ../init.d/nfs-common lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Feb 20 12:18 S17binfmt-support -> ../init.d/binfmt-support lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 02:32 S17rsyslog -> ../init.d/rsyslog lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 20 11:58 S17sudo -> ../init.d/sudo lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Feb 20 02:32 S18acpid -> ../init.d/acpid lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 12:18 S18anacron -> ../init.d/anacron lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Feb 20 02:32 S18atd -> ../init.d/atd ... lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 20 12:18 S19avahi-daemon -> ../init.d/avahi-daemon lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Feb 20 12:18 S19bluetooth -> ../init.d/bluetooth lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 20 12:18 S19cpufrequtils -> ../init.d/cpufrequtils lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Feb 20 12:18 s19network-manager -> ../init.d/network-manager lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 20 12:18 S20gdm3 -> ../init.d/gdm3 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Feb 20 12:19 S20saned -> ../init.d/saned lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Feb 20 12:18 S21bootlogs -> ../init.d/bootlogs lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Feb 20 12:18 S22rc.local -> ../init.d/rc.local lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Feb 20 12:18 S22rmnologin -> ../init.d/rmnologin lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Feb 20 12:18 S22stop-bootlogd -> ../init.d/stop-bootlogd |
|
#ls -l /etc/rc3.d/
total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 677 Jan 1 2011 README lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 02:32 S14portmap -> ../init.d/portmap lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Feb 20 02:32 S15nfs-common -> ../init.d/nfs-common lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Feb 20 12:18 S17binfmt-support -> ../init.d/binfmt-support lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 02:32 S17rsyslog -> ../init.d/rsyslog lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 20 11:58 S17sudo -> ../init.d/sudo lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Feb 20 02:32 S18acpid -> ../init.d/acpid lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 12:18 S18anacron -> ../init.d/anacron lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Feb 20 02:32 S18atd -> ../init.d/atd ... lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 20 12:18 S19avahi-daemon -> ../init.d/avahi-daemon lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Feb 20 12:18 S19bluetooth -> ../init.d/bluetooth lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 20 12:18 S19cpufrequtils -> ../init.d/cpufrequtils lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Feb 20 12:18 S19network-manager -> ../init.d/network-manager lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 20 12:18 S20gdm3 -> ../init.d/gdm3 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Feb 20 12:19 S20saned -> ../init.d/saned lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Feb 20 12:18 S21bootlogs -> ../init.d/bootlogs lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Feb 20 12:18 S22rc.local -> ../init.d/rc.local lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Feb 20 12:18 S22rmnologin -> ../init.d/rmnologin lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Feb 20 12:18 S22stop-bootlogd -> ../init.d/stop-bootlogd |
|
#ls -l /etc/rc3.d/
total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 677 Jan 1 2011 README lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 02:32 S14portmap -> ../init.d/portmap lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Feb 20 02:32 S15nfs-common -> ../init.d/nfs-common lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 24 Feb 20 12:18 S17binfmt-support -> ../init.d/binfmt-support lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 02:32 S17rsyslog -> ../init.d/rsyslog lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 20 11:58 S17sudo -> ../init.d/sudo lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Feb 20 02:32 S18acpid -> ../init.d/acpid lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Feb 20 12:18 S18anacron -> ../init.d/anacron lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Feb 20 02:32 S18atd -> ../init.d/atd ... lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 20 12:18 S19avahi-daemon -> ../init.d/avahi-daemon lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Feb 20 12:18 S19bluetooth -> ../init.d/bluetooth lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Feb 20 12:18 S19cpufrequtils -> ../init.d/cpufrequtils lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 Feb 20 12:18 S19network-manager -> ../init.d/network-manager lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Feb 20 12:18 S20gdm3 -> ../init.d/gdm3 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Feb 20 12:19 S20saned -> ../init.d/saned lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Feb 20 12:18 S21bootlogs -> ../init.d/bootlogs lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Feb 20 12:18 S22rc.local -> ../init.d/rc.local lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Feb 20 12:18 S22rmnologin -> ../init.d/rmnologin lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Feb 20 12:18 S22stop-bootlogd -> ../init.d/stop-bootlogd |
|
#ls /etc/rc3.d/
README S17rsyslog S18atd S18loadcpufreq S19bluetooth S20saned S22stop-bootlogd S14portmap S17sudo S18cron S18mdadm S19cpufrequtils S21bootlogs S15nfs-common S18acpid S18dbus S18ssh S19network-manager S22rc.local S17binfmt-support S18anacron S18exim4 S19avahi-daemon S20gdm3 S22rmnologin |
|
#ls /etc/rc3.d/
README S17rsyslog S18atd S18loadcpufreq S19bluetooth S20saned S22stop-bootlogd S14portmap S17sudo S18cron S18mdadm S19cpufrequtils S21bootlogs S15nfs-common S18acpid S18dbus S18ssh S19network-manager S22rc.local S17binfmt-support S18anacron S18exim4 S19avahi-daemon S20gdm3 S22rmnologin |
|
#ls /etc/rc2.d/
README S17rsyslog S18atd S18loadcpufreq S19bluetooth S20saned S22stop-bootlogd S14portmap S17sudo S18cron S18mdadm S19cpufrequtils S21bootlogs S15nfs-common S18acpid S18dbus S18ssh s19network-manager S22rc.local S17binfmt-support S18anacron S18exim4 S19avahi-daemon S20gdm3 S22rmnologin |
|
#ls /etc/rc2.d/
README S17rsyslog S18atd S18loadcpufreq S19bluetooth S20saned S22stop-bootlogd S14portmap S17sudo S18cron S18mdadm S19cpufrequtils S21bootlogs S15nfs-common S18acpid S18dbus S18ssh s19network-manager S22rc.local S17binfmt-support S18anacron S18exim4 S19avahi-daemon S20gdm3 S22rmnologin |
|
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
|
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
|
#echo nameserver 10.0.35.1 > /etc/resolv.conf
|
|
#ping google.com
PING google.com (173.194.70.139) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from fa-in-f139.1e100.net (173.194.70.139): icmp_req=1 ttl=50 time=38.6 ms 64 bytes from fa-in-f139.1e100.net (173.194.70.139): icmp_req=2 ttl=50 time=38.5 ms 64 bytes from fa-in-f139.1e100.net (173.194.70.139): icmp_req=3 ttl=50 time=38.8 ms 64 bytes from fa-in-f139.1e100.net (173.194.70.139): icmp_req=4 ttl=50 time=38.6 ms ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 38.542/38.653/38.855/0.183 ms |
|
#ping google.com
PING google.com (173.194.70.139) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from fa-in-f139.1e100.net (173.194.70.139): icmp_req=1 ttl=50 time=38.6 ms 64 bytes from fa-in-f139.1e100.net (173.194.70.139): icmp_req=2 ttl=50 time=38.5 ms 64 bytes from fa-in-f139.1e100.net (173.194.70.139): icmp_req=3 ttl=50 time=38.8 ms 64 bytes from fa-in-f139.1e100.net (173.194.70.139): icmp_req=4 ttl=50 time=38.6 ms ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3000ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 38.542/38.653/38.855/0.183 ms |
|
#host ya.ru
ya.ru has address 213.180.193.3 ya.ru has address 213.180.204.3 ya.ru has address 77.88.21.3 ya.ru has address 87.250.250.3 ya.ru has address 87.250.250.203 ya.ru has address 87.250.251.3 ya.ru has address 93.158.134.3 ya.ru has address 93.158.134.203 ya.ru mail is handled by 10 mx.yandex.ru. |
|
#ping chub.in
PING chub.in (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- chub.in ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2000ms |
|
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
|
#ps aux | grep dhc
root 3336 0.0 0.0 3908 732 pts/9 S+ 14:17 0:00 grep dhc |
|
#ping xgu.ru
PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 0 received, +2 errors, 100% packet loss, time 6029ms |
|
#ping xgu.ru
PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 0 received, +2 errors, 100% packet loss, time 6029ms |
|
#ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:07:e9:0c:45:11
inet addr:10.0.35.43 Bcast:10.0.35.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::207:e9ff:fe0c:4511/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:98813 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1877 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:8162046 (7.7 MiB) TX bytes:166434 (162.5 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:453 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:453 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:39372 (38.4 KiB) TX bytes:39372 (38.4 KiB)
|
|
#ping ya.ru
PING ya.ru (93.158.134.203) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (93.158.134.203): icmp_req=1 ttl=58 time=21.8 ms 64 bytes from www.yandex.ru (93.158.134.203): icmp_req=2 ttl=58 time=21.4 ms ^C --- ya.ru ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 21.408/21.639/21.870/0.231 ms |
|
#ping xgu.ru
PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, +2 errors, 100% packet loss, time 4022ms pipe 2 |
|
#ip route show
default via 10.0.35.1 dev eth0 10.0.35.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 10.0.35.43 |
|
#ping xgu.ru
PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2014ms |
|
#ping xgu.ru
PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 2014ms |
|
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
|
#route delete default gw 10.0.35.1
|
|
#route add default gw 10.0.35.1
|
|
#ping kernel.org
PING kernel.org (149.20.4.69) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from pub2.kernel.org (149.20.4.69): icmp_req=1 ttl=57 time=190 ms 64 bytes from pub2.kernel.org (149.20.4.69): icmp_req=2 ttl=57 time=190 ms 64 bytes from pub2.kernel.org (149.20.4.69): icmp_req=3 ttl=57 time=191 ms 64 bytes from pub2.kernel.org (149.20.4.69): icmp_req=4 ttl=57 time=191 ms 64 bytes from pub2.kernel.org (149.20.4.69): icmp_req=5 ttl=57 time=190 ms 64 bytes from pub2.kernel.org (149.20.4.69): icmp_req=6 ttl=57 time=190 ms ^C --- kernel.org ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 5074ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 190.732/190.866/191.145/0.388 ms |
|
#ps aux | grep l3
root 2209 0.7 0.1 14628 10608 ? Ss 12:58 0:36 l3-agent root 3447 0.0 0.0 3908 732 pts/9 R+ 14:18 0:00 grep l3 |
|
#pkill l3-agent
|
|
#ps aux | grep l3
root 3471 0.0 0.0 3908 732 pts/9 S+ 14:18 0:00 grep l3 |
|
#ping xgu.ru
PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 4000ms pipe 3 |
|
#traceroute -I -n xgu.ru
traceroute to xgu.ru (91.205.16.235), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets^C |
|
#route add default gw 10.0.35.1
|
|
#ping xgu.ru
PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From debian3.unix.nt (10.0.35.43) icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 3014ms pipe 3 |
|
#ping kernel.org
PING kernel.org (149.20.4.69) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from pub2.kernel.org (149.20.4.69): icmp_req=1 ttl=57 time=191 ms 64 bytes from pub2.kernel.org (149.20.4.69): icmp_req=2 ttl=57 time=190 ms ^C --- kernel.org ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 190.967/191.065/191.163/0.098 ms |
|
#ping ukr.net
PING ukr.net (195.214.195.105) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 195.214.195.105: icmp_req=1 ttl=59 time=1.13 ms 64 bytes from 195.214.195.105: icmp_req=2 ttl=59 time=1.12 ms ^C64 bytes from 195.214.195.105: icmp_req=3 ttl=59 time=1.13 ms --- ukr.net ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 10051ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.120/1.131/1.137/0.028 ms |
|
#ping ukr.net
PING ukr.net (195.214.195.105) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 195.214.195.105: icmp_req=1 ttl=59 time=1.13 ms 64 bytes from 195.214.195.105: icmp_req=2 ttl=59 time=1.12 ms ^C64 bytes from 195.214.195.105: icmp_req=3 ttl=59 time=1.13 ms --- ukr.net ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 10051ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.120/1.131/1.137/0.028 ms |
|
#ping 91.205.16.235
PING 91.205.16.235 (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From 10.0.35.43 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.0.35.43 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.0.35.43 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.0.35.43 icmp_seq=5 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.0.35.43 icmp_seq=6 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- 91.205.16.235 ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 0 received, +5 errors, 100% packet loss, time 6030ms pipe 3 |
|
#iptables -L -n
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination |
|
#arp -an
? (10.0.35.1) at 00:16:3e:04:00:01 [ether] on eth0 ? (10.0.35.40) at 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 [ether] on eth0 ? (10.0.3.4) at <incomplete> on eth0 |
|
#arp -d 10.0.3.4
SIOCDARP(dontpub): Network is unreachable |
|
#arp -d 10.0.35.40 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8
Usage:
arp [-vn] [<HW>] [-i <if>] [-a] [<hostname>] <-Display ARP cache
arp [-v] [-i <if>] -d <host> [pub] <-Delete ARP entry
arp [-vnD] [<HW>] [-i <if>] -f [<filename>] <-Add entry from file
arp [-v] [<HW>] [-i <if>] -s <host> <hwaddr> [temp] <-Add entry
arp [-v] [<HW>] [-i <if>] -Ds <host> <if> [netmask <nm>] pub <-''-
-a display (all) hosts in alternative (BSD) style
-s, --set set a new ARP entry
-d, --delete delete a specified entry
-v, --verbose be verbose
...
-D, --use-device read <hwaddr> from given device
-A, -p, --protocol specify protocol family
-f, --file read new entries from file or from /etc/ethers
<HW>=Use '-H <hw>' to specify hardware address type. Default: ether
List of possible hardware types (which support ARP):
strip (Metricom Starmode IP) ash (Ash) ether (Ethernet)
tr (16/4 Mbps Token Ring) tr (16/4 Mbps Token Ring (New)) ax25 (AMPR AX.25)
netrom (AMPR NET/ROM) rose (AMPR ROSE) arcnet (ARCnet)
dlci (Frame Relay DLCI) fddi (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) hippi (HIPPI)
irda (IrLAP) x25 (generic X.25) eui64 (Generic EUI-64)
|
|
#arp -d 10.0.35.40
|
|
#arp -an
? (10.0.35.1) at 00:16:3e:04:00:01 [ether] on eth0 ? (10.0.35.40) at 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 [ether] on eth0 ? (10.0.3.4) at <incomplete> on eth0 |
|
#arp -d 10.0.35.40
|
|
#arp -d 10.0.35.40
|
|
#arp -an
? (10.0.35.1) at 00:16:3e:04:00:01 [ether] on eth0 ? (10.0.35.40) at 00:1f:29:bc:3a:d8 [ether] on eth0 ? (10.0.3.4) at <incomplete> on eth0 |
|
#ping 91.205.16.235
PING 91.205.16.235 (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. From 10.0.35.43 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.0.35.43 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable From 10.0.35.43 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable ^C --- 91.205.16.235 ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 0 received, +3 errors, 100% packet loss, time 5031ms pipe 3 |
|
#ps aux | less
|
|
#reboot
|
|
#ping xgu.ru
PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from chub.in (91.205.16.235): icmp_req=1 ttl=57 time=1.39 ms 64 bytes from chub.in (91.205.16.235): icmp_req=2 ttl=57 time=1.31 ms 64 bytes from chub.in (91.205.16.235): icmp_req=3 ttl=57 time=1.55 ms 64 bytes from chub.in (91.205.16.235): icmp_req=4 ttl=57 time=1.30 ms 64 bytes from chub.in (91.205.16.235): icmp_req=5 ttl=57 time=1.31 ms 64 bytes from chub.in (91.205.16.235): icmp_req=6 ttl=57 time=1.56 ms ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 5008ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.308/1.407/1.563/0.113 ms |
|
#ping xgu.ru
PING xgu.ru (91.205.16.235) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from chub.in (91.205.16.235): icmp_req=1 ttl=57 time=1.39 ms 64 bytes from chub.in (91.205.16.235): icmp_req=2 ttl=57 time=1.31 ms 64 bytes from chub.in (91.205.16.235): icmp_req=3 ttl=57 time=1.55 ms 64 bytes from chub.in (91.205.16.235): icmp_req=4 ttl=57 time=1.30 ms 64 bytes from chub.in (91.205.16.235): icmp_req=5 ttl=57 time=1.31 ms 64 bytes from chub.in (91.205.16.235): icmp_req=6 ttl=57 time=1.56 ms ^C --- xgu.ru ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 5008ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.308/1.407/1.563/0.113 ms |
|
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
|
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
|
#ssh user@10.0.35.40
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 [root@debian3:~]# ps aux | grep l3 root 2217 23.2 0.1 14668 10536 ? Ss 14:24 0:05 l3-agent root 2422 0.0 0.0 3908 732 pts/5 S+ 14:24 0:00 grep l3 [root@debian3:~]# exit exit Connection to 10.0.35.43 closed. user@book:~$ ... user@book:~$ ssh root@10.0.35.45 root@10.0.35.45's password: Linux debian5 2.6.39-bpo.2-686-pae #1 SMP Thu Aug 4 11:02:22 UTC 2011 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Tue Feb 21 10:00:28 2012 from 10.0.35.40 l3-agent is already running: pid=6587; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
|
#ssh user@10.0.35.40
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Tue Feb 21 14:17:01 2012 from 10.0.35.40 l3-agent is already running: pid=2217; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid [root@debian3:~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf nameserver 10.0.35.1 ... user@book:~$ ssh root@10.0.35.45 root@10.0.35.45's password: Linux debian5 2.6.39-bpo.2-686-pae #1 SMP Thu Aug 4 11:02:22 UTC 2011 i686 The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software; the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright. Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Last login: Tue Feb 21 10:00:28 2012 from 10.0.35.40 l3-agent is already running: pid=6587; pidfile=/root/.lilalo/l3-agent.pid |
|
#route -n
Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.0.35.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.0.35.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 |
|
#ps aux | grep l3
root 2217 23.2 0.1 14668 10536 ? Ss 14:24 0:05 l3-agent root 2422 0.0 0.0 3908 732 pts/5 S+ 14:24 0:00 grep l3 |
|
#cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md0 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sda5[0] sdb5[1]
4882692 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
unused devices: <none>
|
|
#cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md0 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sda5[0] sdb5[1]
4882692 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
unused devices: <none>
|
|
#fdisk -l /dev/md0
Disk /dev/md0: 4999 MB, 4999876608 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 1220673 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
|
#fdisk -l /dev/md0
Disk /dev/md0: 4999 MB, 4999876608 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 1220673 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table |
|
#apt-get install lvm2
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: libreadline5 The following NEW packages will be installed: libreadline5 lvm2 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded. Need to get 570 kB of archives. After this operation, 1,511 kB of additional disk space will be used. ... Setting up libreadline5 (5.2-7) ... Setting up lvm2 (2.02.66-5) ... Setting up LVM Volume Groups Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... No volume groups found No volume groups found No volume groups found . update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-2.6.39-bpo.2-686-pae |
|
#apt-get install lvm2
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: libreadline5 The following NEW packages will be installed: libreadline5 lvm2 0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded. Need to get 570 kB of archives. After this operation, 1,511 kB of additional disk space will be used. ... Setting up libreadline5 (5.2-7) ... Setting up lvm2 (2.02.66-5) ... Setting up LVM Volume Groups Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... No volume groups found No volume groups found No volume groups found . update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-2.6.39-bpo.2-686-pae |
|
#mdadm --examine --scan
ARRAY /dev/md/0 metadata=1.2 UUID=32839b1b:b7b85ad1:a7700752:89bddeae name=debian3:0 |
|
#mdadm --examine --scan
ARRAY /dev/md/0 metadata=1.2 UUID=32839b1b:b7b85ad1:a7700752:89bddeae name=debian3:0 |
|
#dpkg -L lvm2 | grep bin/
/sbin/fsadm /sbin/lvm /sbin/vgimportclone /sbin/lvmconf /sbin/lvmdump /sbin/pvscan /sbin/vgcfgrestore /sbin/pvresize /sbin/lvreduce /sbin/lvmchange ... /sbin/vgconvert /sbin/lvmsar /sbin/pvremove /sbin/lvextend /sbin/lvchange /sbin/vgexport /sbin/lvmdiskscan /sbin/vgdisplay /sbin/lvscan /sbin/lvconvert |
|
#dpkg -L lvm2 | grep bin/
/sbin/fsadm /sbin/lvm /sbin/vgimportclone /sbin/lvmconf /sbin/lvmdump /sbin/pvscan /sbin/vgcfgrestore /sbin/pvresize /sbin/lvreduce /sbin/lvmchange ... /sbin/vgconvert /sbin/lvmsar /sbin/pvremove /sbin/lvextend /sbin/lvchange /sbin/vgexport /sbin/lvmdiskscan /sbin/vgdisplay /sbin/lvscan /sbin/lvconvert |
|
#dpkg -L lvm2 | grep bin/
/sbin/fsadm /sbin/lvm /sbin/vgimportclone /sbin/lvmconf /sbin/lvmdump /sbin/pvscan /sbin/vgcfgrestore /sbin/pvresize /sbin/lvreduce /sbin/lvmchange ... /sbin/vgconvert /sbin/lvmsar /sbin/pvremove /sbin/lvextend /sbin/lvchange /sbin/vgexport /sbin/lvmdiskscan /sbin/vgdisplay /sbin/lvscan /sbin/lvconvert |
|
#dpkg -L lvm2 | grep bin/
/sbin/fsadm /sbin/lvm /sbin/vgimportclone /sbin/lvmconf /sbin/lvmdump /sbin/pvscan /sbin/vgcfgrestore /sbin/pvresize /sbin/lvreduce /sbin/lvmchange ... /sbin/vgconvert /sbin/lvmsar /sbin/pvremove /sbin/lvextend /sbin/lvchange /sbin/vgexport /sbin/lvmdiskscan /sbin/vgdisplay /sbin/lvscan /sbin/lvconvert |
|
#dpkg -L lvm2 | sort
/. /etc /etc/init.d /etc/init.d/lvm2 /etc/lvm /etc/lvm/lvm.conf /lib /lib/udev /lib/udev/rules.d /lib/udev/rules.d/56-lvm.rules ... /usr/share/man/man8/vgimport.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgimportclone.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgmerge.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgmknodes.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgreduce.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgremove.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgrename.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgs.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgscan.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgsplit.8.gz |
|
#dpkg -L lvm2 | sort
/. /etc /etc/init.d /etc/init.d/lvm2 /etc/lvm /etc/lvm/lvm.conf /lib /lib/udev /lib/udev/rules.d /lib/udev/rules.d/56-lvm.rules ... /usr/share/man/man8/vgimport.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgimportclone.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgmerge.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgmknodes.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgreduce.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgremove.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgrename.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgs.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgscan.8.gz /usr/share/man/man8/vgsplit.8.gz |
|
#dpkg -L lvm2 | grep bin
/sbin /sbin/fsadm /sbin/lvm /sbin/vgimportclone /sbin/lvmconf /sbin/lvmdump /sbin/pvscan /sbin/vgcfgrestore /sbin/pvresize /sbin/lvreduce ... /sbin/vgconvert /sbin/lvmsar /sbin/pvremove /sbin/lvextend /sbin/lvchange /sbin/vgexport /sbin/lvmdiskscan /sbin/vgdisplay /sbin/lvscan /sbin/lvconvert |
|
#dpkg -L lvm2 | grep bin
/sbin /sbin/fsadm /sbin/lvm /sbin/vgimportclone /sbin/lvmconf /sbin/lvmdump /sbin/pvscan /sbin/vgcfgrestore /sbin/pvresize /sbin/lvreduce ... /sbin/vgconvert /sbin/lvmsar /sbin/pvremove /sbin/lvextend /sbin/lvchange /sbin/vgexport /sbin/lvmdiskscan /sbin/vgdisplay /sbin/lvscan /sbin/lvconvert |
|
#dpkg -L lvm2 | grep bin | sort
/sbin /sbin/fsadm /sbin/lvchange /sbin/lvconvert /sbin/lvcreate /sbin/lvdisplay /sbin/lvextend /sbin/lvm /sbin/lvmchange /sbin/lvmconf ... /sbin/vgimport /sbin/vgimportclone /sbin/vgmerge /sbin/vgmknodes /sbin/vgreduce /sbin/vgremove /sbin/vgrename /sbin/vgs /sbin/vgscan /sbin/vgsplit |
nameserver 10.0.35.1
Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md0 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sda5[0] sdb5[1]
4882692 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
unused devices: <none>
| Время первой команды журнала | 13:15:23 2012- 2-21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Время последней команды журнала | 13:36:55 2012- 2-21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в журнале | 101 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент команд с ненулевым кодом завершения, % | 24.75 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Процент синтаксически неверно набранных команд, % | 0.00 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Суммарное время работы с терминалом *, час | 0.36 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Количество командных строк в единицу времени, команда/мин | 4.69 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Частота использования команд |
|
В журнал автоматически попадают все команды, данные в любом терминале системы.
Для того чтобы убедиться, что журнал на текущем терминале ведётся, и команды записываются, дайте команду w. В поле WHAT, соответствующем текущему терминалу, должна быть указана программа script.
Команды, при наборе которых были допущены синтаксические ошибки, выводятся перечёркнутым текстом:
$ l s-l bash: l: command not found |
Если код завершения команды равен нулю, команда была выполнена без ошибок. Команды, код завершения которых отличен от нуля, выделяются цветом.
$ test 5 -lt 4 |
Команды, ход выполнения которых был прерван пользователем, выделяются цветом.
$ find / -name abc find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.gnome2_private: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.nautilus/metafiles: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.metacity: Keine Berechtigung find: /home/devi-orig/.inkscape: Keine Berechtigung ^C |
Команды, выполненные с привилегиями суперпользователя, выделяются слева красной чертой.
# id uid=0(root) gid=0(root) Gruppen=0(root) |
Изменения, внесённые в текстовый файл с помощью редактора, запоминаются и показываются в журнале в формате ed. Строки, начинающиеся символом "<", удалены, а строки, начинающиеся символом ">" -- добавлены.
$ vi ~/.bashrc
|
Для того чтобы изменить файл в соответствии с показанными в диффшоте изменениями, можно воспользоваться командой patch. Нужно скопировать изменения, запустить программу patch, указав в качестве её аргумента файл, к которому применяются изменения, и всавить скопированный текст:
$ patch ~/.bashrc |
Для того чтобы получить краткую справочную информацию о команде, нужно подвести к ней мышь. Во всплывающей подсказке появится краткое описание команды.
Если справочная информация о команде есть, команда выделяется голубым фоном, например: vi. Если справочная информация отсутствует, команда выделяется розовым фоном, например: notepad.exe. Справочная информация может отсутствовать в том случае, если (1) команда введена неверно; (2) если распознавание команды LiLaLo выполнено неверно; (3) если информация о команде неизвестна LiLaLo. Последнее возможно для редких команд.
Большие, в особенности многострочные, всплывающие подсказки лучше всего показываются браузерами KDE Konqueror, Apple Safari и Microsoft Internet Explorer. В браузерах Mozilla и Firefox они отображаются не полностью, а вместо перевода строки выводится специальный символ.
Время ввода команды, показанное в журнале, соответствует времени начала ввода командной строки, которое равно тому моменту, когда на терминале появилось приглашение интерпретатора
Имя терминала, на котором была введена команда, показано в специальном блоке. Этот блок показывается только в том случае, если терминал текущей команды отличается от терминала предыдущей.
Вывод не интересующих вас в настоящий момент элементов журнала, таких как время, имя терминала и других, можно отключить. Для этого нужно воспользоваться формой управления журналом вверху страницы.
Небольшие комментарии к командам можно вставлять прямо из командной строки. Комментарий вводится прямо в командную строку, после символов #^ или #v. Символы ^ и v показывают направление выбора команды, к которой относится комментарий: ^ - к предыдущей, v - к следующей. Например, если в командной строке было введено:
$ whoami
user
$ #^ Интересно, кто я?в журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami
user
| Интересно, кто я? |
Если комментарий содержит несколько строк, его можно вставить в журнал следующим образом:
$ whoami
user
$ cat > /dev/null #^ Интересно, кто я?
Программа whoami выводит имя пользователя, под которым мы зарегистрировались в системе. - Она не может ответить на вопрос о нашем назначении в этом мире.В журнале это будет выглядеть так:
$ whoami user
|
Комментарии, не относящиеся непосредственно ни к какой из команд, добавляются точно таким же способом, только вместо симолов #^ или #v нужно использовать символы #=
1
2
3
4
Группы команд, выполненных на разных терминалах, разделяются специальной линией.
Под этой линией в правом углу показано имя терминала, на котором выполнялись команды.
Для того чтобы посмотреть команды только одного сенса,
нужно щёкнуть по этому названию.
LiLaLo (L3) расшифровывается как Live Lab Log.
Программа разработана для повышения эффективности обучения Unix/Linux-системам.
(c) Игорь Чубин, 2004-2008